CN104808059A - Method for digitally measuring the instantaneous phase of electrical signals - Google Patents
Method for digitally measuring the instantaneous phase of electrical signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808059A CN104808059A CN201410036900.1A CN201410036900A CN104808059A CN 104808059 A CN104808059 A CN 104808059A CN 201410036900 A CN201410036900 A CN 201410036900A CN 104808059 A CN104808059 A CN 104808059A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for digitally measuring the instantaneous phase of electrical signals, comprising the following steps: processing continuous digital sampling signals by a digital integration and interpolation approach; calculating the zero-crossing point of each electrical signal according to sampling values, the start time of integration obtained through calculation, and the virtual occurrence time of the end point k of integration acquired by interpolation; calculating the frequency or cycle of electrical signals based on the zero-crossing points of a series of electrical signals; and finally, calculating the current instantaneous phase according to the time of zero crossing of the electrical signals in a previous period of time, the predicted cycle of current cyclic waves and the current time. The method is especially suitable for instantaneous phase measurement of alternating current. Detection by a system is convenient, and the hardware cost is low. The method is simple and reasonable to implement, and data is accurate and reliable. The measurement precision, the anti-jamming capability and the like are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, the instantaneous phase being also applicable to low-frequency signals is measured, and belongs to the technical field of input.
Background technology
In daily life, production run, usually need the instantaneous phase measuring electric signal, the instantaneous phase of measurement is more accurate, and the effect of application is often better.In existing method for measuring instantaneous phase, great majority adopt zero traditional friendship method to measure the instantaneous phase of a certain road signal, and this algorithm is easy to realize, but the impact be easily interfered, make the precision of measurement lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is not accurate enough for the instantaneous phase measuring accuracy of electric signal in prior art, propose a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, to compare zero traditional friendship method, be greatly improved in the invention such as precision, anti-interference of measuring.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A digital measuring method for electric signal instantaneous phase, comprises the following steps:
Step 1), samples to tested electric signals, obtains the sampled value of tested electric signals, then generates sampled signal;
Step 2), obtain at least two cycles with analog or digital method and cross the zero crossing time series T after negative peak
z1, T
z2..., T
zk, k be greater than 1 natural number;
Step 3), determines the initial point time T calculating the jth zero crossing time
sj, its computing formula is T
sj=T
z (j-1)+ T × f, wherein: T is according to zero crossing T
z (j-1), T
z (j-2)..., T
z (j-k)the average period calculated, parameter f ∈ (0.5,1), j is natural number and j>k;
Step 4), in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, selects m the sampled point discharged in order on the sampling time, if the sampling time of this m sampled point is respectively t
1, t
2... t
i, t
i+1... t
m, sampled value is respectively x
1, x
2... x
i, x
i+1... x
m, wherein t
1≤ T
sj, t
2>T
sj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;
Step 5), between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point, obtain a digital integration starting point s by the mode of linear interpolation, its coordinate is (x
sj, T
sj); Make S
ifor digital integration starting point is to the i-th sampled point (x
i, t
i) digital integration, then S
i+1for digital integration starting point is to the i-th+1 sampled point (x
i+1, t
i+1) digital integration; Work as S
iand S
i+1product when being less than or equal to 0, between i-th sampled point and the i-th+1 sampled point, obtain a digital integration end point k by the mode of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation, its coordinate is (x
k, t
k), making from digital integration starting point to the digital integration of integration end point is zero, calculates the virtual time of origin t of integration end point k
k;
Step 6), calculates the jth zero crossing time:
Step 7), repeats step 3) to step 6) and obtains jth+1 zero crossing time T
z (j+1), then the cycle of tested electric signals: T
pj=T
z (j+1)-T
zj, the cycle therefore obtaining tested electric signals is followed successively by T
p1, T
p2, T
p3... T
p (n-1), n be greater than 1 natural number;
Step 8), according to the periodic sequence of the tested electric signals that step 7) obtains, the cycle T of the current cycle of prediction tested electric signals
p;
Step 9), according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals of next-door neighbour's current time, the wave period in tested electric signals current week of step 8) prediction and current time, calculates the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current.
As the further prioritization scheme of described digital measuring method, carrying out sampling to tested electric signals described in step 1) is constant duration sampling or not constant duration sampling.
As the further prioritization scheme of described digital measuring method, being sampled as described in step 1) is sampled to the complete cycle ripple of tested electric signals.
As the further prioritization scheme of described digital measuring method, the concrete steps of described step 8) are as follows:
Cycle according to cycle several before the tested electric signals that step 7) calculates is followed successively by T
p (b-3), T
p (b-2), T
p (b-1), T
pbthe cycle T of the current cycle of prediction
pfor: T
p=K
1× T
pb+ K
2× T
p (b-1)+ K
3× T
p (b-2)+ K
4× T
p (b-3); Wherein, K
1, K
2, K
3, K
4for arbitrary constant, but the K that must satisfy condition
1+ K
2+ K
3+ K
4=1, b be greater than 3 positive integer.
As the further prioritization scheme of described digital measuring method, the concrete steps of described step 9) are as follows: set the time of the previous period zero crossing of tested electric signals as T
z, current time is T
c, predict that wave period in the tested electric signals obtained current week is T by step 8)
p, then the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current is expressed as with number of degrees value:
or be expressed as with radian value:
As the further prioritization scheme of described digital measuring method, described digital integration is trapezoidal integration or rectangular integration.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1) two continuity points that zero traditional friendship method symbolization is contrary are determined zero point and then determine the instantaneous phase of electric signal, although algorithm clear physics conception, easily by the interference of harmonic wave, measuring error etc., measuring accuracy is low.Only have and accurately locate zero point, just can calculate accurate instantaneous phase.For the feature that electric signal great majority are symmetrical, carry out linear interpolation computing according to the integration start time calculated and choose a sampled point P
sas integration starting point, carry out digital integration afterwards, obtain an integration end point by the mode of interpolation, making from integration starting point to the digital integration of integration end point is zero, is calculated the zero point of electric signal by the sampling time of origin of integration starting point and the virtual time of origin of integration end point.After determining the zero crossing of signal, frequency and the cycle of electric signal can be calculated.Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period electric signal, the current wave period in week of prediction and current time, calculate current instantaneous phase.Compare zero traditional friendship method, operand increases to some extent, but the precision measured, anti-interference are greatly improved.
2) sampling involved in the present invention can be constant duration sampling, also can be not constant duration sampling, if constant duration sampling, then operand can reduce further through optimizing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be calculate obtain integration starting point after adopt rectangular integration, virtual time of origin that the mode of rectangle interpolation calculates integration end point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 2 be calculate obtain integration starting point after adopt trapezoidal integration, virtual time of origin that the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates integration end point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 3 be calculate obtain integration starting point after adopt trapezoidal integration, virtual time of origin that the mode of rectangle interpolation calculates integration end point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 4 is the zero crossing after adopting traditional zero cross point comparing method to obtain two mistake negative peaks, the virtual time of origin that calculating adopts trapezoidal integration after obtaining integration starting point, the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates integration end point, thus the schematic diagram obtaining the 3rd zero crossing;
Fig. 5 is the zero crossing after adopting traditional zero cross point comparing method to obtain two mistake negative peaks, the virtual time of origin that calculating adopts trapezoidal integration after obtaining integration starting point, the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates integration end point, obtains the schematic diagram of the 10th, 11,12 zero crossing.
Fig. 6 calculates the schematic diagram of some sampled point instantaneous phases when being and adopting trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation method;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
Essence of the present invention adopts digital integration and the mode process continuous print digital sampled signal of interpolation, samples, obtain the sampled value of tested electric signals, then generate sampled signal tested electric signals; Obtain at least two cycles with analog or digital method and spend the zero crossing time after negative peak; Carry out linear interpolation computing according to the integration start time calculated and choose a virtual sampled point P
sas integration starting point, such continuous print two some P can be there are in follow-up sampled point
iand P
i+1if, from P
sto P
idigital integration numerical value and from P
sto P
i+1the product of digital integration numerical value when being less than or equal to zero, then can at P
iand P
i+1between obtain an integration end point P by the mode of interpolation
k, P
kacquisition condition be from P
sto P
kdigital integration be 0.Then can by P
svirtual time of origin and P
kvirtual time of origin calculate zero point of electric signal, calculated frequency or the cycle of electric signal by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals.Here so-called digital integration has following several mode: trapezoidal integration, rectangular integration mode.Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period electric signal, the current wave period in week of prediction and current time, calculate current instantaneous phase.The P chosen
sshould not too close to zero point, if cause measurement result not accurate enough close to the interference being easily subject to noise zero point.
For obtaining comparatively accurate measurement result, the sampled point P of suggestion
schoice be: should not too close to zero point.
The features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings by example.Principle of the present invention is described by the instantaneous phase measuring some sampled points.
Specific embodiment of the invention process is as follows:
1, sample to tested electric signals, obtain the sampled value of tested electric signals, then generate sampled signal, described here is sampled as the sampling carried out complete cycle ripple.Can be constant duration sampling, also can be not constant duration sampling.；
2, obtain at least two cycles with analog or digital method and cross the zero crossing time series T after negative peak
z1, T
z2, T
z3...;
3, the initial point time T calculating the jth zero crossing time is determined
sj, its computing formula is T
sj=T
z (j-1)+ T × f, wherein T is according to zero crossing T
z (j-1), T
z (j-2), T
z (j-3)... the average period calculated, f ∈ (0.5,1);
4, in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, m the sampled point discharged in order on the sampling time is selected, if the sampling time of this m sampled point is respectively t
1, t
2... t
i, t
i+1... t
m, sampled value is respectively x
1, x
2... x
i, x
i+1... x
m, wherein t
1≤ T
sj, t
2>T
sj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;
5, between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point, obtain a digital integration starting point s by the mode of linear interpolation, its coordinate is (x
sj, T
sj); Make S
ifor from digital integration starting point to the i-th sampled point (x
i, t
i) digital integration, then S
i+1for from digital integration starting point to the i-th+1 sampled point (x
i+1, t
i+1) digital integration; Work as S
iand S
i+1product when being less than or equal to 0, between i-th sampled point and the i-th+1 sampled point, obtain a digital integration end point k by the mode of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation, its coordinate is (x
k, t
k), making from digital integration starting point to the digital integration of integration end point is zero, calculates the virtual time of origin t of integration end point k
k;
6, the jth zero crossing time is calculated:
7, the concrete operations of calculated zero crossing time can see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Hollow triangle in figure represents integration starting point and integration end point.Fig. 1 is employing rectangular integration, the mode of rectangle interpolation calculates the virtual time of origin of integration end point, and obtains the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 1
sstart digital integration, t
kthe virtual time of origin of the integration end point that interpolation obtains, from T in figure
sto t
kdigital integration be 0.T
zcalculate the zero crossing obtained.Fig. 2 is employing trapezoidal integration, the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates the virtual time of origin of integration end point, and obtains the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 2
sstart digital integration, t
kthe virtual time of origin of the integration end point that interpolation obtains, from T in figure
sto t
kdigital integration be 0.T
zcalculate the zero crossing obtained.Fig. 3 is employing trapezoidal integration, the mode of rectangle interpolation calculates the virtual time of origin of integration end point, and obtains the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 3
sstart digital integration, t
kthe virtual time of origin of the integration end point that interpolation obtains, from T in figure
sto t
kdigital integration be 0.T
zcalculate the zero crossing obtained.Adopting trapezoidal method of interpolation if pure, there is the situation that calculated amount is bigger than normal when carrying out interpolation calculation.Fig. 3 adopts trapezoidal integration when beginning integration, but when carrying out interpolation arithmetic, have employed the method for rectangle interpolation, and the object done like this reduces the complexity of computing.For obtaining measurement result comparatively accurately, in the calculating of accompanying drawing, the height of this rectangle is established to be the mean value of two contiguous sampled points.T
si(i.e. T in figure
s) be the integration start time calculated, its computing formula is T
si=T
z (j-1)+ (T
z (j-1)-T
z (j-2)) × 0.89, i.e. f=0.89, T=(T
z (j-1)-T
z (j-2)), recommend to adopt T=(T
z (j-1)-T
z (j-3))/2.Also can in the following way: when calculated product divides the start time, the zero crossing number obtained before is judged, if the zero crossing obtained before only has two, adopt T=(T
z (j-1)-T
z (j-2)); If the zero crossing obtained is greater than two before, adopt T=(T
z (j-1)-T
z (j-3))/2.
8, repeat above-mentioned steps, obtain several zero crossings time: T
z1, T
z2, T
z3... T
zj, T
z (j+1), T
z (j+2)... T
zn, wherein, j=1,2 ... n, the then cycle of tested electric signals: T
pj=T
z (j+1)-T
zj, the frequency of tested electric signals is:
9, after electric signal being sampled each zero crossings carry out calculating and the figure of survey frequency as Fig. 4, Fig. 5.Fig. 4 is the zero crossing after adopting traditional zero cross point comparing method to obtain two mistake negative peaks, the virtual time of origin that calculating adopts trapezoidal integration after obtaining integration starting point, the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates integration end point, thus the schematic diagram obtaining the 3rd zero crossing; Fig. 5 is the zero crossing after adopting traditional zero cross point comparing method to obtain two mistake negative peaks, the virtual time of origin that calculating adopts trapezoidal integration after obtaining integration starting point, the mode of trapezoidal interpolation calculates integration end point, obtains the schematic diagram of the 10th, 11,12 zero crossing.Fig. 4 obtains two zero crossing T at the traditional zero cross point comparing method of employing
z1, T
z2, by T
z1, T
z2calculate and obtain T
s3, afterwards at T
s3start a digital integration, at T
e3terminate integration, finally by T
s3, T
e3calculate T
z3.Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram calculating acquisition the 10th, 11,12 zero crossings, and the integration starting point that Fig. 5 calculates and integration end point represent with hollow triangle, T
z10, T
z11and T
z12the the 10th, 11 and 12 zero crossing calculated.Then the cycle of this signal can be expressed as T
p10=T
z11-T
z10or T
p11=T
z12-T
z11, frequency F
pit is then cycle T
pinverse.Adopt rectangular integration, rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation method calculates acquisition zero crossing and the figure of calculated rate omits.
10, the prerequisite measuring electric signal instantaneous phase obtains current wave period in week, but before current cycle does not terminate, current wave period in week also cannot directly obtain, consider the change that the cycle (frequency) of electric signal generally can not occur sharply, example of the present invention have employed a formula to predict the cycle T of current cycle
p.
This formula can be expressed as: T
p=K
1× T
pb+ K
2× T
p (b-1)+ K
3× T
p (b-2)+ K
4× T
p (b-3), when accompanying drawing calculates, have employed K
1=2, K
2=-1, K
3=K
4=0.
11, the calculating of instantaneous phase can see Fig. 6.Fig. 6 calculates the schematic diagram of some sampled point instantaneous phases when being and adopting trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation method.What calculate is the instantaneous phase of sampled point S in Fig. 6, if the sampling time of sampled point S is T in figure
c, the time of the zero crossing of the upper electric signal calculated is T
z, then the instantaneous phase of sampled point S can be expressed as
t wherein
pit is the wave period in electric signal current week that previous prediction obtains.The result calculated is the phase value represented with the number of degrees.The instantaneous phase of other sampled points in Fig. 6 also can adopt similar method to obtain.In a cycle, the computing method of the phase place of arbitrfary point are the same.Employing rectangular integration, rectangle interpolation or employing trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation method calculate the schematic diagram of the instantaneous phase of some time points slightly.
Preferred version is that the described constant duration that is sampled as is sampled.
Traditional interference being subject to noise with the zero crossing detection of level triggers, can not the frequency of Measurement accuracy signal, there is larger error; Traditional integration that utilizes obtains the method for electric signal zero crossing, the method is when measuring the sinusoidal wave signal frequency without harmonic wave, precision is higher, but for there is the electric signal of harmonic wave, integration starting point is affected by noise thus cause measurement result also to there is certain error; Traditional digital frequency measuring method is subject to the impact of voltage measurement error, there is certain error.Method as herein described can overcome the double influence of harmonic wave and noise in electric signal, obtains comparatively accurate phase measurement.
In sum, the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase involved in the present invention, do not need to convert the electrical signal to square wave, overcome the shortcoming of traditional zero-crossing examination poor anti jamming capability, the instantaneous phase being particularly suitable for alternating current is measured, systems axiol-ogy is convenient, and hardware spending is little; The antijamming capability of system is stronger; Implement advantages of simple, data accurately, reliably; There is application prospect more widely.Certainly, the present invention also can be applied to the instantaneous phase measurement of Low Frequency Sine Signals.
Claims (6)
1. a digital measuring method for electric signal instantaneous phase, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1), samples to tested electric signals, obtains the sampled value of tested electric signals, then generates sampled signal;
Step 2), obtain at least two cycles with analog or digital method and cross the zero crossing time series T after negative peak
z1, T
z2..., T
zk, k be greater than 1 natural number;
Step 3), determines the initial point time T calculating the jth zero crossing time
sj, its computing formula is T
sj=T
z (j-1)+ T × f, wherein: T is according to zero crossing T
z (j-1), T
z (j-2)..., T
z (j-k)the average period calculated, parameter f ∈ (0.5,1), j is natural number and j>k;
Step 4), in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, selects m the sampled point discharged in order on the sampling time, if the sampling time of this m sampled point is respectively t
1, t
2... t
i, t
i+1... t
m, sampled value is respectively x
1, x
2... x
i, x
i+1... x
m, wherein t
1≤ T
sj, t
2>T
sj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;
Step 5), between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point, obtain a digital integration starting point s by the mode of linear interpolation, its coordinate is (x
sj, T
sj); Make S
ifor digital integration starting point is to the i-th sampled point (x
i, t
i) digital integration, then S
i+1for digital integration starting point is to the i-th+1 sampled point (x
i+1, t
i+1) digital integration; Work as S
iand S
i+1product when being less than or equal to 0, between i-th sampled point and the i-th+1 sampled point, obtain a digital integration end point k by the mode of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation, its coordinate is (x
k, t
k), making from digital integration starting point to the digital integration of integration end point is zero, calculates the virtual time of origin t of integration end point k
k;
Step 6), calculates the jth zero crossing time:
Step 7), repeats step 3) to step 6) and obtains jth+1 zero crossing time T
z (j+1), then the cycle of tested electric signals: T
pj=T
z (j+1)-T
zj, the cycle therefore obtaining tested electric signals is followed successively by T
p1, T
p2, T
p3... T
p (n-1), n be greater than 1 natural number;
Step 8), according to the periodic sequence of the tested electric signals that step 7) obtains, the cycle T of the current cycle of prediction tested electric signals
p
Step 9), according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals of next-door neighbour's current time, the wave period in tested electric signals current week of step 8) prediction and current time, calculates the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current.
2. the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, is characterized in that: carrying out sampling to tested electric signals described in step 1) is constant duration sampling or not constant duration sampling.
3. the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, is characterized in that: being sampled as described in step 1) is sampled to the complete cycle ripple of tested electric signals.
4. the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described step 8) are as follows:
Cycle according to cycle several before the tested electric signals that step 7) calculates is followed successively by T
p (b-3), T
p (b-2), T
p (b-1), T
pbthe cycle T of the current cycle of prediction
pfor: T
p=K
1× T
pb+ K
2× T
p (b-1)+ K
3× T
p (b-2)+ K
4× T
p (b-3); Wherein, K
1, K
2, K
3, K
4for arbitrary constant, but the K that must satisfy condition
1+ K
2+ K
3+ K
4=1, b be greater than 3 positive integer.
5. the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described step 9) are as follows: set the time of the previous period zero crossing of tested electric signals as T
z, current time is T
c, predict that wave period in the tested electric signals obtained current week is T by step 8)
p, then the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current is expressed as with number of degrees value:
or be expressed as with radian value:
6. the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described digital integration is trapezoidal integration or rectangular integration.
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| CN102095934A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-06-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Measuring method for phase difference of alternating current signals |
| US20110182091A1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Origin Electric Company Limited | Synchronization detecting circuit and automatic synchronous parallelization apparatus |
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| CN101408568A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-15 | 深圳科士达科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring electrical signal phase of alternating current |
| US20110182091A1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Origin Electric Company Limited | Synchronization detecting circuit and automatic synchronous parallelization apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20150729 Assignee: Zhangjiagang Institute of Zhangjiagang Assignor: NANJING University OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Contract record no.: X2020980007094 Denomination of invention: A digital measurement method for instantaneous phase of electrical signal Granted publication date: 20171208 License type: Common License Record date: 20201026 |
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