CN104807512B - A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法，解决海底渗漏气流量的直接测量问题。通过水体中渗漏气体的流量变化引起超声波某个或者某些具体传播特征参数的变化，从而建立起与渗漏气体流量变化之间的关系，从而测得渗漏气体的流量。本发明所述的方法具体采用了1MHz的特定频率，将超声波透射测量和反射测量结合，测量截面含气率和流速直接得到渗漏气体的流量。基于超声多普勒效应测量气泡流速在一定的气泡直径范围内不受气泡大小影响，只与气泡流速有关，能够消除其他方法无法直接测量流速存在的误差；同时基于声波传播获得透射强度获得截面含气率，可消除其他方法如回波强度检法和多波速扫描声纳法无法穿透声波获得准确的截面气泡含气率。
The invention discloses a method for ultrasonically measuring the flow rate of seabed leakage gas, which solves the problem of direct measurement of the flow rate of seabed leakage gas. The change of the flow rate of the leakage gas in the water body causes the change of one or some specific propagation characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic wave, so as to establish the relationship with the change of the flow rate of the leakage gas, thereby measuring the flow rate of the leakage gas. The method of the present invention specifically adopts a specific frequency of 1 MHz, combines ultrasonic transmission measurement and reflection measurement, and measures cross-sectional gas content and flow velocity to directly obtain the flow rate of leakage gas. The measurement of bubble flow velocity based on the ultrasonic Doppler effect is not affected by the size of the bubble within a certain range of bubble diameter, but only related to the bubble velocity, which can eliminate the error that other methods cannot directly measure the flow velocity; The gas rate can eliminate other methods such as echo intensity detection method and multi-velocity scanning sonar method that cannot penetrate sound waves to obtain accurate cross-sectional gas content of bubbles.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及海底渗漏气体探测领域，本发明具体涉及一种超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法。The invention relates to the field of detection of seabed leakage gas, in particular to a method for ultrasonically measuring the flow rate of seabed leakage gas.
背景技术Background technique
海底气体(包括冷泉和热泉中的气体)渗漏是海洋环境中广泛分布的自然现象，渗漏数量巨大。海底渗漏气部分溶解到海水中，大部分渗漏到大气中。其中海底渗漏天然气的成分主要为甲烷，甲烷是重要的温室气体之一，直接影响全球气候变化；部分渗漏天然气在海底环境中生存成天然气水合物，储存在水合物中的天然气有可能成为未来能源；海底渗漏气流量突然变化往往揭示了海底地质状态的巨大改变。因此非常有必要对海底渗漏气进行观测，监测海底天然气的渗漏量，从而为环保、能源和灾害预报服务。Seepage of seabed gas (including gas in cold seeps and hot seeps) is a widely distributed natural phenomenon in the marine environment, and the seepage amount is huge. Part of the seafloor seepage gas dissolves into seawater, and most of it leaks into the atmosphere. Among them, the natural gas leaked from the seabed is mainly composed of methane, which is one of the important greenhouse gases and directly affects global climate change; part of the leaked natural gas survives in the seabed environment as natural gas hydrate, and the natural gas stored in the hydrate may become Future Energy; Sudden changes in seafloor seepage flow often reveal dramatic changes in the geological state of the seafloor. Therefore, it is very necessary to observe the leakage of seabed gas and monitor the amount of leakage of seabed natural gas, so as to serve environmental protection, energy and disaster forecasting.
目前测量海底渗漏气渗漏量的超声探测方法有：回波强度检法，多波速扫描声纳法，透射声波波形-幅度法。这些方法特点在于：回波强度检测法通过回波强度检测气泡流量，不适合与气泡流动分散的场合，尤其是开放状态下柱状流的流速和流量变化较大的场合，测量的准确性难以保证；多波速扫面声纳法能够测量渗漏气的空间分布和随时间的变化，但是无法准确测定气泡的流动速度，从而难以定量测量渗漏气的流量；透射声波波形-幅度法能够有效测量得出气泡截面积的变化，但是运用相关分析技术测量气泡流速仍未实现。以上方法不足之处在于无法直接实现测定渗漏气的流速，从而无法准确测量渗漏气的流量。At present, the ultrasonic detection methods for measuring the amount of seepage gas on the seabed include: echo intensity detection method, multi-velocity scanning sonar method, and transmitted acoustic wave waveform-amplitude method. The characteristics of these methods are: the echo intensity detection method detects the bubble flow rate through the echo intensity, which is not suitable for the occasions where the bubble flow is dispersed, especially when the flow velocity and flow rate of the columnar flow change greatly in the open state, and the accuracy of the measurement is difficult to guarantee. ; The multi-velocity scanning sonar method can measure the spatial distribution and time-dependent changes of the seepage gas, but it cannot accurately measure the flow velocity of the bubbles, making it difficult to quantitatively measure the flow rate of the seepage gas; the transmitted acoustic wave waveform-amplitude method can effectively measure The change of the cross-sectional area of the bubble is obtained, but the measurement of the velocity of the bubble by using the relevant analysis technology has not yet been realized. The disadvantage of the above methods is that the flow rate of the leakage gas cannot be measured directly, so that the flow rate of the leakage gas cannot be accurately measured.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提出一种超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法，通过测量渗漏气流动状态下的声波透射强度和超声多普勒频移，获得渗漏气泡流动截面积含气率和气泡流动流速，结合两者综合计算得出气泡流量，解决现有技术中无法直接测量各种状态下的气泡流量。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for ultrasonically measuring the flow rate of seepage gas on the seabed, by measuring the acoustic transmission intensity and ultrasonic Doppler frequency shift under the flow state of seepage gas, the gas content of the cross-sectional area of the seepage bubble flow and the gas content of the bubble are obtained. The flow velocity and the combined calculation of the two can obtain the air bubble flow, which solves the problem that the air bubble flow in various states cannot be directly measured in the prior art.
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：For reaching this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for ultrasonically measuring the flow rate of seabed seepage air, comprising the following steps:
A、由渗漏气聚集装置聚集气泡上升流动；A. Bubbles are gathered by the leakage gas gathering device to rise and flow;
B、控制超声发射换能器向含有渗漏气的水体发射超声波，由测强度超声接收换能器接收透射该含有渗漏气水体的透射声波，同时由测速超声接收换能器接收由渗漏气体的流动对声波传播产生二次多普勒效应所产生的反射声波；B. Control the ultrasonic transmitting transducer to emit ultrasonic waves to the water body containing leakage gas, and the transmitted sound wave transmitted through the water body containing leakage gas is received by the ultrasonic receiving transducer for measuring intensity, and at the same time, the ultrasonic receiving transducer for speed measurement receives the sound wave caused by the leakage The flow of gas produces reflected sound waves generated by the secondary Doppler effect on sound wave propagation;
C、声波仪将接收换能器接收到的透射声波和反射声波的波形数据存储于计算机内，由计算机程序对声波波形数据进行频谱分析获取透射声波主频幅度和反射声波主频，通过透射声波主频幅度变化计算声波强度，通过反射声波主频变化计算声波频移；C. The acoustic wave instrument stores the waveform data of the transmitted sound wave and reflected sound wave received by the receiving transducer in the computer, and the computer program performs spectrum analysis on the sound wave waveform data to obtain the main frequency amplitude of the transmitted sound wave and the main frequency of the reflected sound wave. Through the transmitted sound wave Calculate the sound wave intensity by the main frequency amplitude change, and calculate the sound wave frequency shift by reflecting the main frequency change of the sound wave;
D、将步骤C获得的声波强度结合截面含气率公式计算获得截面含气率；D, the sound wave intensity obtained in step C is combined with the cross-sectional air void fraction formula to calculate the cross-sectional air void fraction;
E、基于步骤C获得的声波频移计算流速；E, calculating the flow velocity based on the acoustic wave frequency shift obtained in step C;
F、将步骤C获得的声波频移结合步骤E获取的流速和步骤D获取的截面含气率计算渗漏气流量。F. Combining the frequency shift of the acoustic wave obtained in step C with the flow velocity obtained in step E and the cross-sectional gas fraction obtained in step D to calculate the leakage gas flow rate.
优选的，步骤B的超声波发射换能器发生的超声波频率为1MHz。Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer in step B is 1 MHz.
优选的，步骤B的超声发射换能器向含有渗漏气的水体发射超声波的控制是通过计算机控制声波仪触发声波发射电路来实现。Preferably, the control of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer in step B to transmit ultrasonic waves to the water body containing seepage gas is realized by controlling the acoustic wave instrument by a computer to trigger the acoustic wave transmitting circuit.
优选的，步骤C的透射超声波和反射超声波同步同时由各自的接收换能器进行接收，并通过声波仪转换存储进入计算机。Preferably, the transmitted ultrasonic wave and reflected ultrasonic wave in step C are simultaneously received by respective receiving transducers, converted and stored into the computer by the acoustic wave instrument.
优选的，步骤A当渗漏气聚集装置聚集的气泡均分布于其通道内上升流动时再进入下一步骤。Preferably, step A proceeds to the next step when the air bubbles gathered by the leakage gas gathering device are all distributed in its channel and flow upward.
优选的，所述超声波发射接收换能器发射的超声波的波束与气泡流速方向形成的夹角为30°-60°。Preferably, the included angle formed between the ultrasonic wave beam emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving transducer and the direction of the flow velocity of the bubbles is 30°-60°.
优选的，所述超声波发射接收换能器发射的超声波的波束与气泡流速方向形成的夹角为45°。Preferably, the angle formed between the beam of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving transducer and the direction of the flow velocity of the bubbles is 45°.
优选的，所述测强度超声接收换能器相对安装于所述超声发射换能器的斜上方或斜下方，且所述测强度超声接收换能器与所述超声发射换能器的轴心在同一条直线上。Preferably, the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer is installed obliquely above or obliquely below the ultrasonic transmitting transducer, and the axial center of the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer on the same straight line.
优选的，步骤C的透射超声波和反射超声波同步同时由各自的接收换能器进行接收，并通过声波仪转换存储进入计算机。Preferably, the transmitted ultrasonic wave and reflected ultrasonic wave in step C are simultaneously received by respective receiving transducers, converted and stored into the computer by the acoustic wave instrument.
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明提出的超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法具有以下优点：Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the method for ultrasonically measuring the seabed leakage gas flow proposed by the present invention has the following advantages:
1、通过非接触式的同步测量气泡流速和截面含气率，从而实时获得气泡的流量；1. Through non-contact synchronous measurement of bubble flow velocity and cross-sectional gas content, the flow of bubbles can be obtained in real time;
2、基于超声多普勒效应测量气泡流速在一定的气泡直径范围内不受气泡大小影响，而只与气泡流速有关，能够消除其他方法无法直接测量流速存在的较大误差；2. The measurement of bubble flow velocity based on ultrasonic Doppler effect is not affected by the bubble size within a certain range of bubble diameter, but only related to the bubble flow velocity, which can eliminate the large error that other methods cannot directly measure the flow velocity;
3、基于声波传播获得透射强度获得截面含气率，可以消除其他方法如回波强度检法和多波速扫描声纳法无法穿透声波获得截面气泡含气率的准确信息；3. Obtaining transmission intensity based on sound wave propagation to obtain cross-section gas content, which can eliminate other methods such as echo intensity detection method and multi-velocity scanning sonar method that cannot penetrate sound waves to obtain accurate information on cross-section bubble gas content;
4、超声波发射换能器发射的超声波的波束与气泡流速方向形成的夹角可以在30°至60°内调整，优选角度是45°，同时获得反射和透射综合最佳测量值。4. The angle formed by the ultrasonic wave beam emitted by the ultrasonic emitting transducer and the direction of the bubble flow velocity can be adjusted within 30° to 60°, the preferred angle is 45°, and the best comprehensive measurement value of reflection and transmission can be obtained at the same time.
5、测强度超声接收换能器与超声发射换能器的轴心在同一条直线上，保证超声波传播波束与渗漏气气泡流速呈稳定夹角，测量结果更准确。5. Intensity measurement The axes of the ultrasonic receiving transducer and the ultrasonic emitting transducer are on the same straight line to ensure a stable angle between the ultrasonic propagation beam and the flow velocity of the leakage gas bubbles, and the measurement results are more accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的一个实施例的方法原理示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method principle of an embodiment of the present invention.
其中：测量水体1、渗漏气发生源2、测速超声接收换能器3、超声发射换能器4、渗漏气聚集装置5、测强度超声接收换能器6、声波仪7、计算机8。Among them: Measuring water body 1, leakage gas generation source 2, speed measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 3, ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4, leakage gas gathering device 5, intensity measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, acoustic wave instrument 7, computer 8 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.
一种超声测量海底渗漏气流量的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for ultrasonically measuring the flow rate of seabed seepage air, comprising the following steps:
A、由渗漏气聚集装置5聚集气泡上升流动；A. The gas bubbles are gathered by the leakage gas gathering device 5 to rise and flow;
B、控制超声反射换能器4向含有渗漏气的水体发射超声波，由测强度超声接收换能器6接收含有渗漏气水体的透射声波，同时由测速超声接收换能器3接收由渗漏气体的流动对声波传播产生二次多普勒效应所产生的反射声波；B. Control the ultrasonic reflection transducer 4 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the water body containing the seepage gas, and receive the transmitted sound wave of the water body containing the seepage gas by the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, and simultaneously receive the transmitted sound wave from the water body containing the seepage gas by the velocity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 The flow of leaking gas produces reflected sound waves generated by the secondary Doppler effect on sound wave propagation;
C、声波仪7将接收换能器接收到的透射声波和反射声波的波形数据存储于计算机8内，由计算机8程序通过对透射声波波形数据进行频谱分析获取透射声波主频幅度和反射声波主频，通过透射声波主频幅度计算声波强度，通过反射声波主频计算声波频移；C, acoustic wave instrument 7 stores the waveform data of transmitted acoustic waves and reflected acoustic waves received by the receiving transducer in computer 8, and the computer 8 program obtains the main frequency amplitude of transmitted acoustic waves and the main frequency of reflected acoustic waves by performing spectrum analysis on the transmitted acoustic wave waveform data. Frequency, the intensity of the sound wave is calculated by the amplitude of the main frequency of the transmitted sound wave, and the frequency shift of the sound wave is calculated by the main frequency of the reflected sound wave;
D、将步骤C获得的声波强度结合截面含气率公式计算获得截面含气率；D, the sound wave intensity obtained in step C is combined with the cross-sectional air void fraction formula to calculate the cross-sectional air void fraction;
E、基于步骤C获得的声波频移计算流速；E, calculating the flow velocity based on the acoustic wave frequency shift obtained in step C;
F、将步骤C获得的声波频移结合步骤E获取的流速和步骤D获取的截面含气率计算渗漏气流量。F. Combining the frequency shift of the acoustic wave obtained in step C with the flow velocity obtained in step E and the cross-sectional gas fraction obtained in step D to calculate the leakage gas flow rate.
如图1所示，渗漏气聚集装置5聚集一定流量的气泡上升流动，通过计算机8控制声波仪7触发声波发射电路，通过超声发射换能器4发射超声波，超声波穿透含渗漏气的水体，由测强度超声接收换能器6接收透射声波，接收声波波形数据进入计算机8存储，通过对透射声波波形数据进行频谱分析，获取透射声波主频幅度，计算声波强度，基于声波强度与截面含气率公式计算截面含气率；通过测速超声接收换能器3接收反射声波，接收声波波形数据进入计算机8存储，对反射声波波形数据进行频谱分析，获取反射声波主频，计算声波频移，基于声波频移计算流速；结合流速和截面含气率计算渗漏气流量。As shown in Figure 1, the seepage gas gathering device 5 gathers a certain flow rate of air bubbles to rise and flow, and the computer 8 controls the acoustic wave instrument 7 to trigger the sound wave transmitting circuit, and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4 emits ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves penetrate through the air containing the seepage gas. For the water body, the transmitted sound wave is received by the intensity measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, and the received sound wave waveform data is stored in the computer 8. By performing spectrum analysis on the transmitted sound wave waveform data, the main frequency amplitude of the transmitted sound wave is obtained, and the sound wave intensity is calculated based on the sound wave intensity and cross section Calculate the gas content of the cross-section with the formula of gas content; the reflected sound wave is received by the speed measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 3, and the received sound wave waveform data is stored in the computer 8, and the spectrum analysis is performed on the reflected sound wave waveform data to obtain the main frequency of the reflected sound wave, and calculate the frequency shift of the sound wave , the flow velocity is calculated based on the frequency shift of the sound wave; the seepage gas flow is calculated by combining the flow velocity and the cross-sectional gas fraction.
本发明通过超声波穿过含渗漏气水体发生的衰减与水体含气量成正比关系，测量获得气泡截面积含气率；通过渗漏气体流动对声波传播产生的二次多普勒效应，获得超声波反射波，分析发射波与反射波的主频计算声波频移，建立气泡速度与超声多普勒频移关系，测量获得气泡流速；结合气泡截面含气率和气泡流速，计算得到气泡流量。In the present invention, the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave passing through the water body containing seepage gas is proportional to the gas content of the water body, and the gas content ratio of the cross-sectional area of the bubble is measured; the second Doppler effect generated by the flow of the seepage gas on the propagation of the sound wave is used to obtain the ultrasonic wave. Reflected wave, analyze the main frequency of the transmitted wave and the reflected wave to calculate the frequency shift of the sound wave, establish the relationship between the bubble velocity and the ultrasonic Doppler frequency shift, and measure the bubble flow velocity; combine the gas fraction of the bubble section and the bubble flow velocity to calculate the bubble flow rate.
基于超声多普勒效应测量气泡流速在一定的气泡直径范围内不受气泡大小影响，而只与气泡流速有关，能够消除其他方法无法直接测量流速存在的较大误差。同时基于声波透射传播获得透射强度计算截面含气率，可以消除其他方法如回波强度检法和多波速扫描声纳法无法穿透声波获得截面气泡含气率的准确信息；通过非接触式的同步测量气泡流速和截面含气率，从而实时获得气泡的流量。The measurement of bubble flow velocity based on the ultrasonic Doppler effect is not affected by the bubble size within a certain range of bubble diameter, but only related to the bubble flow velocity, which can eliminate the large error that other methods cannot directly measure the flow velocity. At the same time, based on the sound wave transmission to obtain the transmission intensity to calculate the gas content of the section, it can eliminate other methods such as the echo intensity detection method and the multi-velocity scanning sonar method that cannot penetrate the sound wave to obtain the accurate information of the gas content of the section bubble; through non-contact Simultaneously measure the bubble flow velocity and cross-sectional gas fraction, so as to obtain the bubble flow rate in real time.
渗漏气的流量Qs是截面含气率Rs与渗漏气流速vs的函数，表示如下：The flow rate Q s of the seepage gas is a function of the section gas fraction R s and the seepage gas velocity v s , which is expressed as follows:
Qs＝Rs·vs Q s =R s ·v s
截面含气率直接影响到声波传播损失，可以用透射声压来建立两者关系，由于透射声波中存在多途反射声波和干扰噪声影响，本专利采用透射声波频谱幅度P(f0)建立与截面含气率的简化模型:The cross-sectional gas content directly affects the sound wave propagation loss, and the relationship between the two can be established by using the transmitted sound pressure. Due to the influence of multi-path reflected sound waves and interference noise in the transmitted sound wave, this patent uses the transmitted sound wave spectrum amplitude P(f 0 ) to establish the relationship with Simplified model of section gas fraction:
Rs＝k·P(f0)·sinθR s ＝k·P(f 0 )·sinθ
式中，k是一个比例系数,需要通过实验确定，P(f0)是透射声波经过富里叶变换后，得到的对应声波主频f0的频谱幅度，θ为发射超声波束与气泡流速方向矢量夹角。In the formula, k is a proportionality coefficient, which needs to be determined through experiments, P(f 0 ) is the spectrum amplitude corresponding to the main frequency f 0 of the transmitted sound wave after Fourier transform, θ is the direction vector of the transmitted ultrasonic beam and the bubble flow velocity angle.
渗漏气流速与声波在含渗漏气水体中的声波传播参数有关，表示如下：The seepage gas velocity is related to the sound wave propagation parameters in the seepage gas-containing water body, expressed as follows:
式中，c0为超声波在水介质中传播速度，fd为与流速有关的多普勒频移量。In the formula, c 0 is the propagation speed of ultrasonic wave in water medium, and f d is the Doppler frequency shift related to the flow velocity.
优选的，步骤B的超声波发射换能器4发生的超声波频率为1MHz。为了准确测量，采用渗漏气聚集装置将气泡破碎均匀形成气泡直径在3-5mm。在采用多普勒频移效应测量气泡渗漏气流速时，为了尽可能获得反射波而非散射波，根据反射定律，计算中心频率为1MHz时，对应在水介质传播的波长为1.5mm，不大于气泡直径的1/2，可以获得损失较小的反射波，提高测量信噪比，使测量的数据更准确。Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4 in step B is 1 MHz. In order to measure accurately, use a leak gas gathering device to break up the bubbles evenly to form bubbles with a diameter of 3-5mm. When using the Doppler frequency shift effect to measure the velocity of bubble seepage gas, in order to obtain reflected waves instead of scattered waves as much as possible, according to the reflection law, when the calculated center frequency is 1MHz, the corresponding wavelength propagating in the water medium is 1.5mm. If it is larger than 1/2 of the diameter of the bubble, the reflected wave with less loss can be obtained, the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement can be improved, and the measured data can be more accurate.
优选的，步骤B的超声发射换能器4向含有渗漏气的水体发射超声波的控制是通过计算机8控制声波仪7触发声波发射电路来实现。步骤B的透射声波和反射声波分别通过测强度超声接收换能器和测速超声接收换能器接收，由声波仪转换电路转换成波形数据输入计算机。Preferably, in step B, the ultrasonic emission transducer 4 is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves to the water body containing seepage gas through the computer 8 controlling the acoustic wave instrument 7 to trigger the acoustic wave emission circuit. The transmitted sound wave and reflected sound wave in step B are respectively received by the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer and the velocity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer, and are converted into waveform data by the acoustic wave instrument conversion circuit and input to the computer.
优选的，步骤A当渗漏气聚集装置5聚集的气泡均分布于其通道内上升流动时再进入下一步骤。当渗漏气聚集装置聚集一定流量的气泡上升流动后，通过计算机8控制声波仪7触发声波发射电路，使超声发射换能器4向稳定的含有渗漏气的水体发射超声波，确保数据获取的准确性。Preferably, step A proceeds to the next step when the air bubbles collected by the leakage gas gathering device 5 are all distributed in its channel and flow upward. When the seepage gas gathering device gathers a certain flow of air bubbles to rise and flow, the computer 8 controls the acoustic wave instrument 7 to trigger the sound wave transmitting circuit, so that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4 emits ultrasonic waves to the stable water body containing the seepage gas, ensuring the accuracy of data acquisition accuracy.
优选的，所述超声波发射换能器4发射的超声波的波束与气泡流速方向形成的夹角可以在30°至60°内调整，优选角度是45°，同时获得反射和透射综合最佳测量值。Preferably, the angle formed by the ultrasonic wave beam emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4 and the bubble flow velocity direction can be adjusted within 30° to 60°, the preferred angle is 45°, and the comprehensive optimal measurement value of reflection and transmission can be obtained at the same time .
优选的，所述测强度超声接收换能器6相对安装于所述超声发射换能器4的斜上方或斜下方，且所述测强度超声接收换能器6与所述超声发射换能器4的轴心在同一条直线上。如图1所示，测强度超声换能器6位于超声发射换能器4的斜上方，且与所述超声发射换能器4的轴心在同一条直线上，保证超声波传播波束与渗漏气气泡流速呈稳定的夹角，避免误差的出现，确保获得数值的准确性。Preferably, the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 is relatively installed obliquely above or obliquely below the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 4, and the intensity-measuring ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer The axes of 4 are on the same straight line. As shown in Figure 1, the intensity-measuring ultrasonic transducer 6 is located obliquely above the ultrasonic emitting transducer 4, and is on the same straight line as the axis of the ultrasonic emitting transducer 4, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic propagation beam and the leakage The air bubble flow rate is at a stable angle to avoid errors and ensure the accuracy of the obtained values.
优选的，步骤C的透射超声波和反射超声波同步同时由各自的接收换能器进行接收，并通过声波仪7转换存储进入计算机8。Preferably, the transmitted ultrasonic waves and reflected ultrasonic waves in step C are simultaneously received by their respective receiving transducers, converted and stored into the computer 8 by the acoustic wave instrument 7 .
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above describes the technical principles of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention, and cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation modes of the present invention without creative efforts, and these modes will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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