CN104807512B - A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput - Google Patents

A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput Download PDF

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CN104807512B
CN104807512B CN201510175034.9A CN201510175034A CN104807512B CN 104807512 B CN104807512 B CN 104807512B CN 201510175034 A CN201510175034 A CN 201510175034A CN 104807512 B CN104807512 B CN 104807512B
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ultrasonic
wave
energy converter
sound wave
sea bottom
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CN104807512A (en
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邹大鹏
龙建军
刘润华
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput, solve the problems, such as the direct measurement of sea bottom percolation throughput.Cause the variation of ultrasonic wave some or some specific propagation characteristic parameters by the changes in flow rate that gas is leaked in water body, so as to set up and leak the relation between gas flow variation, so as to measure the flow of leakage gas.Method of the present invention specifically employs the specific frequency of 1MHz, and transmission ultrasonic wave measurement and reflection measurement are combined, and measures void fraction and flow velocity directly obtains the flow of leakage gas.Air bubble flow rate is measured from Air Bubble Size influence in the range of certain bubble diameter based on ultrasonic Doppler effect, only related with air bubble flow rate, can eliminate other methods can not directly measure error existing for flow velocity；While intensity in transmission is obtained based on Acoustic Wave Propagation and obtains void fraction, can eliminate other methods such as echo strength inspection method and more velocity of wave scanning sonar methods can not penetrate the accurate section bubble void fraction of sound wave acquisition.

Description

A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea bottom percolation detection of gas fields, and present invention relates particularly to a kind of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation air-flows The method of amount.
Background technology
Seabed gas (including gas in cold spring and hot spring) leakage is natural phenomena widely distributed in marine environment, is oozed Leak enormous amount.Sea bottom percolation gas is partly dissolved in seawater, is largely leaked into air.Wherein sea bottom percolation natural gas Ingredient is mainly methane, and methane is one of important greenhouse gases, directly affects Global climate change；Part leakage natural gas exists Into gas hydrates, the natural gas being stored in hydrate is likely to become future source of energy for existence in environments such as subsea；It oozes in seabed Gas leak flow suddenly change often discloses the huge change of seabottom geology state.Therefore be highly desirable to sea bottom percolation gas into Row observation monitors the leakage of sea-bottom natural gas, so as to be environmental protection, the energy and hazard forecasting service.
The ultrasonic detection method of measurement sea bottom percolation air infiltration leakage quantity has at present：Echo strength examines method, more velocity of wave scanning sonars Method, transmitted acoustic pulse waveform-amplitude method.These method characteristics are：Echo strength detection method detects bubble stream by echo strength Amount is not suitable for the occasion disperseed with bubbly flow, the flow velocity of columnar flow and the larger field of changes in flow rate especially under open state It closes, the accuracy of measurement is difficult to ensure that；The spatial distribution and change at any time that more velocity of wave surface sweeping asdic methods can measure leakage gas Change, but can not Accurate Determining bubble flowing velocity, so as to be difficult to quantitative measurment leakage gas flow；Transmitted acoustic pulse waveform- Amplitude method can effectively measure the variation for drawing bubble section product, but use Correlation Analysis Technique measurement air bubble flow rate real not yet It is existing.Above method is disadvantageous in that the flow velocity that can not be directly realized by and measure leakage gas, so as to can not accurately measure leakage gas Flow.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput, air-flow is leaked by measuring Acoustic wave transmission intensity and ultrasonic Doppler frequency displacement under dynamic state, obtain leakage bubbly flow sectional area void fraction and bubbly flow Flow velocity draws bubble flow with reference to the two COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, solves directly measure the bubble under various states in the prior art Flow.
For this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput, comprises the following steps：
A, flowing is risen by leakage gas aggregation apparatus aggregation bubble；
B, ultrasound emission energy converter is controlled to emit ultrasonic wave to the water body containing leakage gas, transducing is received by survey intensity ultrasonic Device receives transmission, and this contains the transmitted acoustic pulse for leaking air water body, while is received by the ultrasonic reception energy converter that tests the speed by leakage gas Flowing generates reflection sound wave caused by second order Doppler effect to Acoustic Wave Propagation；
C, the transmitted acoustic pulse and the Wave data of reflection sound wave that sonic apparatus receives reception energy converter are stored in computer It is interior, spectrum analysis is carried out to acoustic waveform data by computer program and obtains transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude and reflection sound wave dominant frequency, Changed by transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude and calculate intensity of acoustic wave, changed by reflection sound wave dominant frequency and calculate sound wave frequency displacement；
D, the intensity of acoustic wave combination void fraction formula for obtaining step C, which calculates, obtains void fraction；
E, flow velocity is calculated based on the sound wave frequency displacement that step C is obtained；
F, the void fraction that the flow velocity and step D that the sound wave frequency displacement combination step E for obtaining step C is obtained obtain calculates Leak throughput.
Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency that the ultrasound transmitting transducer of step B occurs is 1MHz.
Preferably, the control of the ultrasound emission energy converter of step B to the water body transmitting ultrasonic wave containing leakage gas is to pass through Computer control sonic apparatus triggers sonic wave transmitting circuit to realize.
Preferably, the transmission ultrasonic wave of step C is synchronous with reflecting ultrasonic wave is connect simultaneously by respective reception energy converter It receives, and computer is entered by sonic apparatus conversion storage.
Preferably, step A when leak gas aggregation apparatus aggregation bubble be distributed in its passage rise flowing when again into Enter next step.
Preferably, the ultrasonic wave transmitting receives the wave beam of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter transmitting and the formation of air bubble flow rate direction Angle is 30 ° -60 °.
Preferably, the ultrasonic wave transmitting receives the wave beam of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter transmitting and the formation of air bubble flow rate direction Angle is 45 °.
Preferably, it is described survey intensity ultrasonic receive the opposite oblique upper for being installed on the ultrasound emission energy converter of energy converter or Obliquely downward, and the axle center of the survey intensity ultrasonic reception energy converter and the ultrasound emission energy converter is on same straight line.
Preferably, the transmission ultrasonic wave of step C is synchronous with reflecting ultrasonic wave is connect simultaneously by respective reception energy converter It receives, and computer is entered by sonic apparatus conversion storage.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the method for ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput proposed by the present invention has following Advantage：
1st, by contactless synchro measure air bubble flow rate and void fraction, so as to obtain the flow of bubble in real time；
2nd, air bubble flow rate is measured in the range of certain bubble diameter from Air Bubble Size shadow based on ultrasonic Doppler effect It rings, and it is only related with air bubble flow rate, and can eliminate other methods can not directly measure large error existing for flow velocity；
3rd, intensity in transmission is obtained based on Acoustic Wave Propagation and obtains void fraction, other methods such as echo strength can be eliminated and examined Method and more velocity of wave scanning sonar methods can not penetrate the accurate information that sound wave obtains section bubble void fraction；
4th, the angle that the wave beam of the ultrasonic wave of ultrasound transmitting transducer transmitting is formed with air bubble flow rate direction can be at 30 ° It is adjusted in 60 °, optimized angle is 45 °, while obtains reflection and the comprehensive best measurement values of transmission.
5th, survey intensity ultrasonic and receive energy converter with the axle center of ultrasound emission energy converter on same straight line, guarantee ultrasonic wave Wave beam is propagated with leakage gas air bubble flow rate in angle is stablized, measurement result is more accurate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Method And Principle schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Wherein：Measure water body 1, leakage gas occurring source 2, the ultrasonic reception energy converter 3 that tests the speed, ultrasound emission energy converter 4, leakage Gas aggregation apparatus 5 surveys intensity ultrasonic reception energy converter 6, sonic apparatus 7, computer 8.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution to further illustrate the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput, comprises the following steps：
A, bubble is assembled by leakage gas aggregation apparatus 5 and rises flowing；
B, ultrasonic reflection energy converter 4 is controlled to emit ultrasonic wave to the water body containing leakage gas, is changed by the reception of survey intensity ultrasonic Energy device 6 receives the transmitted acoustic pulse containing leakage air water body, while is received by the ultrasonic reception energy converter 3 that tests the speed by the stream of leakage gas It is dynamic that reflection sound wave caused by second order Doppler effect is generated to Acoustic Wave Propagation；
C, the transmitted acoustic pulse and the Wave data of reflection sound wave that sonic apparatus 7 receives reception energy converter are stored in computer In 8, transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude and reflection are obtained by carrying out spectrum analysis to transmitted acoustic pulse Wave data by 8 program of computer Sound wave dominant frequency, intensity of acoustic wave is calculated by transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude, and sound wave frequency displacement is calculated by reflection sound wave dominant frequency；
D, the intensity of acoustic wave combination void fraction formula for obtaining step C, which calculates, obtains void fraction；
E, flow velocity is calculated based on the sound wave frequency displacement that step C is obtained；
F, the void fraction that the flow velocity and step D that the sound wave frequency displacement combination step E for obtaining step C is obtained obtain calculates Leak throughput.
As shown in Figure 1, the bubble that leakage gas aggregation apparatus 5 assembles certain flow rises flowing, pass through 8 control sound of computer Ripple instrument 7 triggers sonic wave transmitting circuit, emits ultrasonic wave by ultrasound emission energy converter 4, and ultrasonic wave penetrates the water body of the gas containing leakage, Energy converter 6 is received by survey intensity ultrasonic and receives transmitted acoustic pulse, reception acoustic waveform data enters computer 8 and stores, by saturating It penetrates acoustic waveform data and carries out spectrum analysis, obtain transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude, calculate intensity of acoustic wave, based on intensity of acoustic wave with cutting Face void fraction formula calculates void fraction；By testing the speed, ultrasonic reception energy converter 3 receives reflection sound wave, receives acoustic waveform number It is stored according into computer 8, spectrum analysis is carried out to reflected acoustic waveform data, obtains reflection sound wave dominant frequency, calculate sound wave frequency It moves, flow velocity is calculated based on sound wave frequency displacement；Leakage throughput is calculated with reference to flow velocity and void fraction.
The present invention passes through the attenuation of the generation of the air water body containing leakage and water body air content proportional by ultrasonic wave, measurement Obtain bubble section product void fraction；The second order Doppler effect generated by leaking gas flowing to Acoustic Wave Propagation, obtains ultrasound Wave reflection ripple, the dominant frequency for analyzing transmitted wave and back wave calculate sound wave frequency displacement, establish bubble velocity and are closed with ultrasonic Doppler frequency displacement System, measurement obtain air bubble flow rate；With reference to bubble section void fraction and air bubble flow rate, bubble flow is calculated.
It is influenced based on ultrasonic Doppler effect measurement air bubble flow rate in the range of certain bubble diameter from Air Bubble Size, And it is only related with air bubble flow rate, can eliminate other methods can not directly measure large error existing for flow velocity.Simultaneously based on sound Ripple transmission, which is propagated, obtains intensity in transmission calculating void fraction, can eliminate other methods such as echo strength inspection method and more velocities of wave and sweep The accurate information that sound wave obtains section bubble void fraction can not be penetrated by retouching asdic method；Pass through contactless synchro measure bubble stream Speed and void fraction, so as to obtain the flow of bubble in real time.
Leak the flow Q of gassIt is void fraction RsWith leaking gas velocity vsFunction, represent it is as follows：
Qs=Rs·vs
Void fraction directly influences Acoustic Wave Propagation loss, both sides relation can be established with transmission acoustic pressure, due to saturating It penetrates there are more way reflection sound waves and interference noise influence in sound wave, this patent is using transmitted acoustic pulse spectrum amplitude P (f0) establish with The simplified model of void fraction:
Rs=kP (f0)·sinθ
In formula, k is a proportionality coefficient, it is necessary to be determined by experiment, P (f0) it is that transmitted acoustic pulse passes through fourier transform Afterwards, the correspondence sound wave dominant frequency f obtained0Spectrum amplitude, θ is transmitting ultrasonic beam and air bubble flow rate direction vector angle.
Acoustic Wave Propagation relating to parameters of the gas velocity with sound wave in the air water body containing leakage is leaked, is represented as follows：
In formula, c0For ultrasonic wave in aqueous medium spread speed, fdFor the Doppler frequency shift amount related with flow velocity.
Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency that the ultrasound transmitting transducer 4 of step B occurs is 1MHz.In order to accurately measure, adopt Bubble breaking is formed uniformly bubble diameter in 3-5mm with leakage gas aggregation apparatus.Gas is being measured using doppler shift effect During bubble leakage gas velocity, in order to obtain back wave rather than scattered wave as far as possible, according to reflection law, calculating centre frequency is 1MHz When, the corresponding wavelength propagated in aqueous medium is 1.5mm, no more than the 1/2 of bubble diameter, can obtain the smaller reflection of loss Ripple, improves measurement signal-to-noise ratio, and the data for making measurement are more accurate.
Preferably, the control of the ultrasound emission energy converter 4 of step B to the water body transmitting ultrasonic wave containing leakage gas is to pass through Computer 8 controls sonic apparatus 7 to trigger sonic wave transmitting circuit to realize.The transmitted acoustic pulse and reflection sound wave of step B passes through survey respectively Intensity ultrasonic receives energy converter and ultrasonic reception energy converter reception of testing the speed, and Wave data input is converted by sonic apparatus conversion circuit Computer.
Preferably, step A when leak gas aggregation apparatus 5 assemble bubble be distributed in its passage rise flowing when again into Enter next step.After the bubble for leaking gas aggregation apparatus aggregation certain flow rises flowing, sonic apparatus is controlled by computer 8 7 triggering sonic wave transmitting circuits make ultrasound emission energy converter 4 emit ultrasonic wave to the stable water body containing leakage gas, it is ensured that number According to the accuracy of acquisition.
Preferably, the folder that the wave beam for the ultrasonic wave that the ultrasound transmitting transducer 4 emits is formed with air bubble flow rate direction Angle can adjust in 30 ° to 60 °, and optimized angle is 45 °, while obtain reflection and the comprehensive best measurement values of transmission.
Preferably, the intensity ultrasonic of surveying receives the opposite oblique upper for being installed on the ultrasound emission energy converter 4 of energy converter 6 Or obliquely downward, and the intensity ultrasonic of surveying receives energy converter 6 with the axle center of the ultrasound emission energy converter 4 in same straight line On.As shown in Figure 1, surveying intensity ultrasound transducer 6 is located at the oblique upper of ultrasound emission energy converter 4, and changed with the ultrasound emission The axle center of energy device 4 ensures that ultrasonic propagation wave beam with leaking angle of the gas air bubble flow rate in stabilization, avoids on same straight line The appearance of error, it is ensured that obtain the accuracy of numerical value.
Preferably, the transmission ultrasonic wave of step C is synchronous with reflecting ultrasonic wave is connect simultaneously by respective reception energy converter It receives, and passes through the conversion of sonic apparatus 7 storage into computer 8.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's Principle, and limiting the scope of the invention cannot be construed in any way.Based on explanation herein, the technology of this field Personnel would not require any inventive effort the other specific embodiments that can associate the present invention, these modes are fallen within Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
    A, flowing is risen by leakage gas aggregation apparatus aggregation bubble；
    B, ultrasonic reflection energy converter is controlled to emit ultrasonic wave to the water body containing leakage gas, receiving energy converter by survey intensity ultrasonic connects The transmitted acoustic pulse containing leakage air water body is received, while is received by the ultrasonic reception energy converter that tests the speed by the flowing of leakage gas to sound wave It propagates and generates reflection sound wave caused by second order Doppler effect；
    C, the transmitted acoustic pulse and the Wave data of reflection sound wave that sonic apparatus receives reception energy converter are stored in computer, by Computer program carries out spectrum analysis to acoustic waveform data and obtains transmitted acoustic pulse dominant frequency amplitude and reflection sound wave dominant frequency, by saturating It penetrates the variation of sound wave dominant frequency amplitude and calculates intensity of acoustic wave, changed by reflection sound wave dominant frequency and calculate sound wave frequency displacement；
    D, the intensity of acoustic wave combination void fraction formula for obtaining step C, which calculates, obtains void fraction；
    E, flow velocity is calculated based on the sound wave frequency displacement that step C is obtained；
    F, the void fraction that the flow velocity and step D that the sound wave frequency displacement combination step E for obtaining step C is obtained obtain calculates leakage Throughput；
    Wherein, using transmitted acoustic pulse spectrum amplitude P (f0) establish with the simplified model of void fraction,
    Rs=kP (f0)·sinθ
    In formula, k is proportionality coefficient, P (f0) be transmitted acoustic pulse after fourier transform, obtained correspondence sound wave dominant frequency f0Frequency Spectral amplitude, θ are to emit ultrasonic beam and air bubble flow rate direction vector angle, void fraction Rs；
    Acoustic Wave Propagation relating to parameters of the gas velocity with sound wave in the air water body containing leakage is leaked, is represented as follows：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
    In formula, c0For ultrasonic wave in aqueous medium spread speed, fdFor the Doppler frequency shift amount related with flow velocity, vsTo leak gas Flow velocity；
    The intensity ultrasonic of surveying receives the opposite oblique upper or obliquely downward for being installed on the ultrasound emission energy converter of energy converter, described The axle center of survey intensity ultrasonic reception energy converter and the ultrasound emission energy converter is on same straight line.
  2. 2. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step B's The ultrasonic frequency that ultrasound transmitting transducer occurs is 1MHz.
  3. 3. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step B's The control of ultrasound emission energy converter to the water body transmitting ultrasonic wave containing leakage gas is to control sonic apparatus triggering sound by computer Wave transmitting circuit is realized.
  4. 4. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step A works as The bubble of leakage gas aggregation apparatus aggregation is distributed in its passage when rising flowing and enters back into next step.
  5. 5. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ultrasound The angle that the wave beam that ripple transmitting receives the ultrasonic wave of energy converter transmitting is formed with air bubble flow rate direction is 30 ° -60 °.
  6. 6. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The ultrasound The angle that the wave beam that ripple transmitting receives the ultrasonic wave of energy converter transmitting is formed with air bubble flow rate direction is 45 °.
  7. 7. a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step C's Transmission ultrasonic wave is synchronous with reflecting ultrasonic wave to be received simultaneously by respective reception energy converter, and is converted and stored by sonic apparatus Into computer.
CN201510175034.9A 2015-04-14 2015-04-14 A kind of method of ultrasonic measurement sea bottom percolation throughput Expired - Fee Related CN104807512B (en)

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