CN104806022A - Prestressed concrete constructing process for curved shape memory alloy tendon - Google Patents
Prestressed concrete constructing process for curved shape memory alloy tendon Download PDFInfo
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- CN104806022A CN104806022A CN201510153504.1A CN201510153504A CN104806022A CN 104806022 A CN104806022 A CN 104806022A CN 201510153504 A CN201510153504 A CN 201510153504A CN 104806022 A CN104806022 A CN 104806022A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prestressed concrete constructing process for a curved shape memory alloy tendon. The constructing process specifically comprises the following steps: a plurality of curved shape memory alloy tendons are embedded into a template along the length direction of the concrete, and two ends of each tendon are allowed to respectively penetrate through and extend out of the template; the concrete is poured in the template and integrally formed along with the curved shape memory alloy tendons; after the concrete strength reaches above 75%, the shape memory alloy tendons are in batches or gradually heated by adopting an electrothermal method, after the shape memory alloy tendons are gradually heated to appointed temperature, the shape memory alloy tendons generate the one-way shape memory effect, so that the lengths of the shape memory alloy tendons trend to be reduced to a primary memory alloy tendon shape, and the concrete generates a certain constraining force so as to generate the prestress. According to the constructing process, the crack resistance, rigidity, durability and application scope of a prestressed structure is improved, and thus the purpose of applying the prestress to the concrete can be achieved, the constructing process is simple, convenient to operate, and safe and reliable in effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem, belong to building structure technology field.
Background technology
Modern architecture is just towards multifarious future developments such as large span, light-duty, high-performance, and the form of claimed structure and its material used also must have diversity, and adopt prestressed reinforced concrete construction to realize the effective way in this direction beyond doubt.Prestressed reinforced concrete construction develops into today, not only be widely used in the traditional field such as bridge, building construction, road surface, sleeper, stake, pressure vessel and basin, and be widely used in many frontiers such as civil construction project, unique construction engineering, stabilization works, energy project and ocean engineering.
As the important parameter of prestressed reinforced concrete construction, its prestressing force controlled, construction technology and equipment requirement key index are three difficult points in field of engineering technology always, if the prestressing force size applied, mode are undesirable, be then difficult to obtain sufficiently high crack resistance and rigidity; If construction technology is more complicated, then staffs's technology needed for it is comparatively skilled, and cost is higher; If construction equipment is heavier, then running cost is higher, is also easily subject to the restriction of environment during work.Traditional prestressed concrete member mainly contains pretensioning prestressed concrete structure and post-stressed concrete structure, there are some defects in these two kinds of structures, specifically: needed for pedestal needed for pretensioning prestressed concrete structure and tensioning equipment, investment cost is larger, pedestal generally can only be fixed on a place simultaneously, underaction, and only can produce medium and small prestressing force linear member; Post stressed concrete often can not simultaneously Shi Hanzhang, cause operation more, complex process, functions of the equipments increase, complex operation, especially large to the steel quantity consumption of required ground tackle, the precision of ground tackle processing request is higher, cause cost intensive, and must the shortcoming such as reserving hole channel, duct grouting.In a word, the prestressed concrete member of above-mentioned two kinds of traditional fabrications all also exists that equipment requirement is high, construction technology compared with complicated, loss of prestress is many, control prestressing force requires the deficiencies such as height, steel plasticity and corrosion resistance are lower, especially particularly outstanding for the prestressed structure of curve or broken line shape these deficiencies of constructing.Therefore, pre-tensioning system or post stretching are all difficult to reach suitable with the construction effect that the prestressed reinforced concrete construction that traditional material makes adopts the advantages such as prestress control, construction technology and equipment are simple, wide accommodation simultaneously.
At present, in order to the prestressed concrete member limitation in the application reduced or avoid traditional material to make, one of method solved is exactly find new material, namely in order to improve prestressed concrete member limitation in the application, other material or form of structure must be adopted to improve.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem, the crack resistance of prestressed structure, rigidity, durability and the scope of application can be improved, reach the object to concrete Shi Hanzhang, construction technology is simple, easy to operate, effect is safe and reliable.
To achieve these goals, the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem that the present invention adopts, concrete steps are: first embedded along concrete length direction by the marmem muscle of some curve shapes and be arranged in shaped form template, and make the two ends of marmem muscle be each passed through and stretch out template, and then by pouring concrete in template, become to be integrated with marmem muscle, when concrete intensity reaches after more than 75%, electrothermal way is utilized to carry out in batches marmem muscle or heat by root, be elevated to after the temperature of specifying gradually until marmem muscle, marmem influential point of tendons automatically carries out the transformation of martensite reverse transformation, and there is one way shape-memory effect, its length had be contracted to the trend of initial memorial alloy muscle shape, but because marmem muscle is stoped it to produce shape memory effect by concrete constraint, concrete then can be made to produce certain constraint reaction, namely alloy tendon concrete structure is made to produce prestressing force by marmem muscle generation one way shape-memory effect.
The marmem muscle of described curve shape is alloy muscle after treatment, specifically: first, alloy muscle adopts machining operation under parent phase state, blank of shape memory alloy is processed into prismatic shaft-like initial memorial alloy muscle, its length is shorter than marmem muscle by about 4%; Then after shape memory process being carried out to it, under the temperature environment more much lower than phase transition temperature, mechanical stretching is carried out to the initial memorial alloy muscle being in martensitic state, make its length elongation 7% ~ 8%, finally be processed into as marmem muscle, because stress causes martensitic traoformation, after stretching is terminated, marmem muscle leaves very large permanent set, now marmem muscle length has been greater than initial memorial alloy muscle, and the phase change transition temperature scope that this process is arranged is between 40 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C; Afterwards, under 25 DEG C of room temperature states, by template marmem muscle and concrete built and be integrated.
Further, before cast, first the two ends of marmem muscle are fixed on the both sides of template by fixture, in order to prevent its distortion in concreting process.
When arranging several marmem muscle, need ensure that the spacing of adjacent two marmem muscle and spacing between marmem muscle and concrete edge are within the scope of 3d-5d, wherein d is the diameter of marmem muscle.
The marmem muscle adopted has one way shape-memory effect in certain temperature range, and its size requires to extend 3% ~ 10% by heat-machining operation than original shape memorial alloy muscle according to concrete structure.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, this invention is without any need for pedestal, tensioning equipment and professional ground tackle etc., reduces the cost of investment of building structure;
2, construction technology is simple, safe and reliable: by simply heating marmem muscle, just can reach the object of Shi Hanzhang, prestressing force size and mode are controlled by the marmem muscle with memory effect, the prestressing force applied is up to 700MPa, and loss of prestress is few in work progress, particularly safe and reliable, simple, easy to operate remarkable advantage of constructing more is embodied to the prestressed reinforced concrete construction of cast in situs;
3, overall structure durability is high: not only marmem muscle has good corrosion resistance, preferably plasticity, higher elongation per unit length (up to 50%), and concrete coefficient of thermal expansion and marmem muscle very close to (being 11.0 × 10-6/ DEG C), both intermiscibilities are good, the rib prestressed concrete structure of marmem for cast in situs, its durability is high, shock resistance is strong;
4, applied widely: marmem muscle and concrete are reasonably combined, expand the range of application of prestressed reinforced concrete construction significantly, be not only applicable to the concrete structure of any curve or shape, and can be applicable to again the prestressed reinforced concrete construction of cast in situs and prefabricated pre-prestressed concrete structure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of concrete structure construction process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the rib prestressed concrete structure schematic diagram of marmem of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 2 cross section;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of template of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 4 cross section;
Fig. 6 is the marmem tendon concrete structure in Fig. 2 before Shi Hanzhang;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 6 cross section;
Fig. 8 be have in Fig. 6 and Fig. 2, the marmem muscle schematic diagram of memory-less effect;
The prestressing force experimental data that Fig. 9 applies for the marmem muscle in Fig. 2.
In figure: 1, initial memorial alloy muscle, 2, concrete, 3, marmem muscle, 4, template.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem, concrete steps are: first the length direction embedding of the marmem muscle 3 of some curve shapes along concrete 2 be arranged in shaped form template 4, and the two ends of marmem muscle 3 be each passed through and stretch out template 4, and then concrete 2 is cast in template 4, be integrated with 3 one-tenth, marmem muscle, when the intensity of concrete 2 reaches after more than 75%, electrothermal way is utilized to carry out in batches marmem muscle 3 or heat by root, be elevated to after the temperature of specifying gradually until marmem muscle 3, marmem muscle 3 can automatically carry out the transformation of martensite reverse transformation, and there is one way shape-memory effect, its length had be contracted to the trend of initial memorial alloy muscle 1 shape, but because marmem muscle 3 is retrained prevention by concrete 2, it produces shape memory effect, concrete 2 then can be made to produce certain constraint reaction, namely alloy tendon concrete structure is made to produce prestressing force by marmem muscle generation one way shape-memory effect.
The marmem muscle 3 of described curve shape is alloy muscle after treatment, specifically: first, alloy muscle adopts machining operation under parent phase state, blank of shape memory alloy is processed into prismatic shaft-like initial memorial alloy muscle 1, its length is shorter than marmem muscle 3 by about 4%; Then after shape memory process being carried out to it, under the temperature environment more much lower than phase transition temperature, mechanical stretching is carried out to the initial memorial alloy muscle 1 being in martensitic state, make its length elongation 7% ~ 8%, finally be processed into as marmem muscle 3, because stress causes martensitic traoformation, after stretching is terminated, marmem muscle 3 leaves very large permanent set, now marmem muscle 3 length has been greater than initial memorial alloy muscle 1, and the phase change transition temperature scope that this process is arranged is between 40 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C; Afterwards, under 25 DEG C of room temperature states, by template 4 both marmem muscle 3 and concrete 2 built and be integrated.
Before cast, first the two ends of marmem muscle can be fixed on the both sides of template by fixture, in order to prevent its distortion in concreting process.
When arranging several marmem muscle, need ensure that the spacing of adjacent two marmem muscle and spacing between marmem muscle and concrete edge are within the scope of 3d-5d, wherein d is the diameter of marmem muscle.
The marmem muscle adopted has one way shape-memory effect in certain temperature range, and its size requires to extend 3% ~ 10% by heat-machining operation than original shape memorial alloy muscle according to concrete structure
The rib prestressed concrete structure schematic diagram of a kind of marmem as shown in Figures 2 and 3, its cross section is square-section, in the tension side of concrete 2 along the marmem muscle 3 of its length direction distribution right quantity, and the protruding certain length of marmem muscle 3, can by the spacing between each marmem muscle 3, between marmem muscle 3 and concrete 2 edge, spacing be within the scope of 3d-5d for improving prestressed effect, wherein d is the diameter of memorial alloy muscle.Wherein, the reason of the protruding certain length of marmem muscle 3 has two: one to be conveniently memorial alloy muscle is fixed on template 4 both sides, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, in order to prevent from causing memorial alloy muscle to produce disadvantageous distortion in concrete 2 casting process; Two is to reach after more than 75% when the intensity of concrete 2, can, to memorial alloy muscle heat temperature raising, make concrete 2 produce prestressing force.
This area designing technique personnel are to be understood that main thought of the present invention, although the present invention is described the shaped form concrete structure of a simple square-section, the scope of application of the present invention is not only confined to this.For example; Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 can be designed to on-the-spot prestressed structure or prefabricated prestressed structure by those skilled in the art completely; can be expanded to again in the variable cross-section prestressed structure of arbitrary curve or broken line; also can alloy muscle any side being arranged on cross section etc.; be specifically described with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and be only used to clearly demonstrate thinking of the present invention; this area designing technique personnel are to be understood that its marrow, as long as the thought utilizing marmem to carry out prestressed structure design is protection scope of the present invention.
Generally speaking, the work progress of the rib prestressed concrete structure of whole shaped form marmem as shown in Figure 1, specifically: first, alloy muscle adopts machining operation under parent phase state, the blank of shape memory alloy of curve shape is processed into prismatic shaft-like initial memorial alloy muscle 1, as shown in Figure 8, its length is shorter by about 4% than the marmem muscle 3 recovered after distortion, after subsequently shape memory process being carried out to it, under the temperature environment more much lower than phase transition temperature, mechanical stretching is carried out to the initial memorial alloy muscle 1 being in martensitic state, make its length elongation 7% ~ 8%, finally be processed into as marmem muscle 3, because stress causes martensitic traoformation, after stretching is terminated, marmem muscle 3 leaves very large permanent set, now marmem muscle 3 length has been greater than initial memorial alloy muscle 1, the phase change transition temperature scope that this process is arranged is between 40 DEG C-45 DEG C, afterwards, under 25 DEG C of room temperature states, by template 4 both marmem muscle 3 and concrete 2 built and be integrated, as shown in Figure 4, alloy reinforced concrete adopts natural curing or hydrothermal curing (to pay particular attention to, as adopted hydrothermal curing, heating-up temperature should not exceed the phase change transition temperature 40 DEG C of alloy muscle), when the intensity of concrete 2 reaches after more than 75%, when adopting electrothermal way to be at room temperature heated to 45 DEG C gradually to marmem muscle 3, now martensitic traoformation changes end completely, namely there is one way shape-memory effect completely in marmem muscle 3, its size is caused to have the trend being contracted to initial memorial alloy muscle 1, but because marmem muscle 3 is retrained prevention by concrete 2, it produces shape memory effect, concrete 2 then can be made to produce certain constraint reaction, namely alloy tendon concrete structure has been applied in the prestressing force of 700MPa, as shown in Figure 2, can disclose from the curve of Fig. 9 simultaneously, when marmem muscle 3 temperature is elevated to 40 DEG C, the prestressing force that alloy applies promptly increases, probably reach maximum value 700MPa to prestressing force during 45 DEG C of temperature, this process probably needs 20 minutes, but along with temperature drops in room temperature 25 DEG C of processes, prestressing force decreases, its reason has main following factors to cause: alloy muscle inside contracts, alloy rib stress relaxation, concrete shrinkage and creep etc., but relatively traditional construction technology, the loss of prestress of this type of construction reduces greatly, after all be because this type of construction can not because of anchor deformation, alloy muscle rubs, temperature difference, factors such as local compression and produce loss of prestress.In sum, adopt new material memorial alloy to carry out structure redesign, then concrete performance, applicability etc. can be made easily to be very significantly improved and to improve.
From said structure, the present invention by drawing the advantage of New Shape Memory Alloys material on the basis of conventional curvature steel bar prestressed concrete, the prestressed reinforcement of former prestressed concrete is changed into marmem muscle, by the advantage that marmem (Nitinol) has itself, namely higher intensity, good plasticity, larger restoring force, higher corrosion resistance, comparatively suitable coefficient of thermal expansion (with concrete very close to about 11.0 × 10-6/ DEG C), higher elongation per unit length (up to 50%), excellent Anti-pull-press dissipation characteristics, there is proportion in addition little, long and the such environmental effects fatigue life advantage such as little, and then improve prestressed concrete member limitation in the application, so presstressed reinforcing steel just need not rely on pedestal or professional ground tackle to carry out Shi Hanzhang, but can reach object to concrete Shi Hanzhang by carrying out heat temperature raising to marmem muscle simply.Simultaneously, prestressed control is just converted into the process to memorial alloy muscle memory effect, and the process of alloy muscle memory effect only need according to engineering need certain heat-machining operation is carried out to memorial alloy muscle, like this concerning cast in situs or precast prestressed concrete construction, its construction technology and equipment is simple, easy to operate, effect is safe and reliable.In addition, required construction technical staff professional standards are lower, so the rib prestressed concrete structure of memorial alloy not only increases the crack resistance of prestressed structure, rigidity, durability and the scope of application, but also show that its construction technology is simple and reliable, investment and the advantage such as cost expense is low.
Claims (5)
1. the rib prestressed concrete construction process of shaped form marmem, concrete steps are: first embedded along concrete length direction by the marmem muscle of some curve shapes and be arranged in shaped form template, and make the two ends of marmem muscle be each passed through and stretch out template, and then by pouring concrete in template, become to be integrated with marmem muscle, when concrete intensity reaches after more than 75%, electrothermal way is utilized to carry out in batches marmem muscle or heat by root, be elevated to after the temperature of specifying gradually until marmem muscle, marmem influential point of tendons automatically carries out the transformation of martensite reverse transformation, and there is one way shape-memory effect, its length had be contracted to the trend of initial memorial alloy muscle shape, but because marmem muscle is stoped it to produce shape memory effect by concrete constraint, concrete then can be made to produce certain constraint reaction, namely alloy tendon concrete structure is made to produce prestressing force by marmem muscle generation one way shape-memory effect.
2. the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the marmem muscle of described curve shape is alloy muscle after treatment, specifically: first, alloy muscle adopts machining operation under parent phase state, blank of shape memory alloy is processed into prismatic shaft-like initial memorial alloy muscle, its length is shorter than marmem muscle by about 4%; Then after shape memory process being carried out to it, under the temperature environment more much lower than phase transition temperature, mechanical stretching is carried out to the initial memorial alloy muscle being in martensitic state, make its length elongation 7% ~ 8%, finally be processed into as marmem muscle, because stress causes martensitic traoformation, after stretching is terminated, marmem muscle leaves very large permanent set, now marmem muscle length has been greater than initial memorial alloy muscle, and the phase change transition temperature scope that this process is arranged is between 40 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C; Afterwards, under 25 DEG C of room temperature states, by template marmem muscle and concrete built and be integrated.
3. the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, before cast, first the two ends of marmem muscle are fixed on the both sides of template by fixture, in order to prevent its distortion in concreting process.
4. the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when arranging several marmem muscle, need ensure that the spacing of adjacent two marmem muscle and spacing between marmem muscle and concrete edge are within the scope of 3d-5d, wherein d is the diameter of marmem muscle.
5. the rib prestressed concrete construction process of a kind of shaped form marmem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the marmem muscle adopted has one way shape-memory effect in certain temperature range, and its size requires to extend 3% ~ 10% by heat-machining operation than original shape memorial alloy muscle according to concrete structure.
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| CN106368382A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-01 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Manufacturing method for fire-resisting self-repairing beam component based on shape memory alloy |
| CN108301335A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-20 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method of prestressing force Shear Strengthening box beam |
| CN109653162A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-19 | 徐州工程学院 | Embankment based on shape memory alloy real-time monitoring and construction method thereof |
| CN111749118A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 东南大学 | Prestressed SMA reinforced thin-wall UHPC I-beam and preparation method thereof |
| CN111778853A (en) * | 2019-04-06 | 2020-10-16 | 广州振中建设有限公司 | Inner cavity template recycling construction method for concrete structure with closed inner cavity |
| CN111911377A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 同济大学 | SMA actuator based on gradient prestrain |
| CN113459077A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-01 | 上海大学 | Shape memory alloy soft driver |
| CN113481880A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-08 | 广州大学 | Beam type member prestress reinforcing device, reinforcing method and reinforcing system |
| CN115064068A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-16 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Flexible display module and preparation method thereof |
| US11697944B2 (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2023-07-11 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Method to strengthen or repair concrete and other structures |
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| CN111778853B (en) * | 2019-04-06 | 2022-04-12 | 振中建设集团有限公司 | Inner cavity template recycling construction method for concrete structure with closed inner cavity |
| CN111778853A (en) * | 2019-04-06 | 2020-10-16 | 广州振中建设有限公司 | Inner cavity template recycling construction method for concrete structure with closed inner cavity |
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| CN111749118A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 东南大学 | Prestressed SMA reinforced thin-wall UHPC I-beam and preparation method thereof |
| CN111911377B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-09-02 | 同济大学 | SMA actuator based on gradient prestrain |
| CN111911377A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 同济大学 | SMA actuator based on gradient prestrain |
| CN113459077A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-01 | 上海大学 | Shape memory alloy soft driver |
| CN113481880A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-08 | 广州大学 | Beam type member prestress reinforcing device, reinforcing method and reinforcing system |
| CN115064068A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-16 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Flexible display module and preparation method thereof |
| CN115064068B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2024-03-19 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Flexible display module and preparation method thereof |
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