CN104804478B - A kind of method that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black - Google Patents
A kind of method that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to carbon black preparing technical field, it is related to a kind of method that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black, reduction-state oxygen carrier enters single stage cyclone progress gas solid separation after carrying out oxidation reaction generation oxidation state oxygen carrier, and the oxygen denuded air separated is sent to double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, fuel reactor and returning charge valve as fluidizing gas after shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler recovery section heat；The oxidation state oxygen carrier separated preheats coal tar into double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, oxidation state oxygen carrier is sent to the bottom of fuel reactor again and mixed in air intake branch with coal tar fluidizing, coal tar is uniformly dispersed by the oxidation state oxygen carrier of fluidisation, and the C H keys of catalytic pyrolysis coal tar, oxidation state oxygen carrier discharges Lattice Oxygen and H reaction generation carbon blacks, its simple process, scientific in principle, the apparatus structure used is simple, easy for operation, and maintenance cost is low, service life is grown, less energy consumption, the reasonable utilization of complementary energy is realized, effectively reduces disposal of pollutants.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to carbon black preparing technical field, is related to a kind of method that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black, special
It is not a kind of technique that using tar as raw material, carbon black is prepared by chemical chain technology.
Background technology：
With the quickening of China's modernization, the rubber using auto manufacturing as representative relies on industry and developed rapidly, and
A kind of important reinforcing agent of the carbon black as rubber, it is also growing day by day in demand, turn into the second largest rubber material for being only second to rubber
Material, the consumption in rubber industry account for the 89.5% of its total output；Research shows, appropriate carbon black is added in rubber,
Can effective reinforcing material physical and mechanical properties (tensile strength, tearing strength, wearability etc.) so that rubber product more may be used
Lean on, be durable；In addition, carbon black as coloring agent, conductive agent and ultraviolet light screener etc., be also extensively used for coating, dry cell and
The fields such as plastics-production.
So far, conventional method of producing black pigment mainly includes contact method, pyrolysis method and oven process, and wherein contact method is opened
Formula produces, and technique falls behind, now except specific function carbon black uses contact method, contact method less use；Pyrolysis method by
Develop limited, and the oven process using Audit For Process as representative in factors such as raw natural gas rise in price, carbon black products poor-performings
Black carbon technology obtains broad development, and the carbon black produced by Audit For Process accounts for more than the 95% of production of carbon black total amount, turns into current
The main method of production of carbon black, its general principle are：Preheated air carries fuel oil and enters combustion reaction room burning generation high temperature
Flue gas (1700-1800 DEG C of ignition temperature) enters pyrolytic reaction room, and feedstock oil is filtered, is atomized penetrating by compressed air after preheating
Wherein, gasify rapidly at high temperature and be cracked to form carbon black, at reative cell rear portion, cold water is injected directly into flue gas to reduce cigarette
Temperature and terminate carbon black reaction, final cooled flue gas through main bag hose collect carbon black.Audit For Process is main it can be seen from above-mentioned principle
Feature includes：High temperature must be kept to improve reaction rate in stove；Feedstock oil atomization quality is very crucial, and air stoichiometry control is strict；
Ignition temperature is up to 1800 DEG C, and refractory material is easily burned out, cost increase；Using combustion air, wherein 79% nitrogen, high temperature
A large amount of thermal NOs are easily generated downx, and the amount of heat of part coal tar oil firing generation can be carried, cause energy loss；Spray into
Cold water cooling high temperature flue gas, had both caused exhaust gas volumn to increase and more sensible heats are pulled away, and causes the increase of tail gas water capacity again, reduces tail
Gas calorific value.Therefore, in the case where nowadays advocating the overall background of environmental protection and energy saving, consumption reduction, pollution emission reduction are that current production of carbon black institute is necessary
The great difficult problem faced.
The content of the invention：
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art to exist, seek design and a kind of coal-tar chemistry chain method is provided
The method that pyrolysis prepares carbon black, production of carbon black energy consumption is reduced, reduce disposal of pollutants.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is former using coal tar in the device that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black
Material prepares carbon black, and its specific preparation process is：
(1) paving oxygen carrier granule, is filled out on fuel reactor air distribution plate and forms the oxygen carrier granule bed of material, oxygen carrier granule material
The thickness of layer is not less than 150mm；
(2), the returning charge tube valve closed between fuel reactor and air reactor, block oxygen carrier granule anti-at two
Answer the circulation between device；
(3), preheated using 1000 DEG C of flue gases caused by combustion gas in external hot-blast stove and air burning, flue gas is advanced
Enter fuel reactor and carry out baker, flue gas sprays into from fuel reactor air distribution plate, heats the oxygen carrier granule in fuel reactor
The bed of material and refractory material, the oxygen carrier granule bed of material loosen expansion and bubbling fluidization, and flue gas is up to pass through cooling water coil, cooling water
Low power rate of flow of water is run in coil pipe, and flue gas leaves the air that air reactor bottom is introduced into after the offgas outlet of fuel reactor
Import, preheated by air reactor air distribution plate air inlet reactor；When main body furnace temperature reaches 800 in fuel reactor
At~900 DEG C, temperature reaches 700 DEG C in pipeline and air reactor, is revolved from the waste heat flue gas of air reactor discharge from single-stage
Oxygen denuded air outlet at the top of wind separator introduces shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler, so as to be preheated to shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler；So
Progressively reduce combustion intensity in hot-blast stove afterwards, start the feeding coal tar into fuel reactor and reacted, oxygen carrier granule enters
Enter air reactor exothermic heat of reaction, and gradually pass through oxygen carrier body circulation and take heat to fuel reactor；Fuel reactor medium temperature
After degree is stable, stop the operation of hot-blast stove；
(4) the returning charge tube valve between air reactor and fuel reactor, is opened, while opens coal tar pan feeding valve
Door, makes coal tar gradually be increased by 0 flow by coal tar oil inlet incoming fuel reactor, the pan feeding speed of coal tar, until
Metered flow, keeps the penetrating fluidisation of 1000 DEG C of flue gases, and the fluidisation of oxygen carrier granule is entered to the coal tar of incoming fuel reactor
Row is broken and heating, carbon black reaction proceed by, and the reduction-state oxygen carrier granule of generation is the same as the unreacted oxygen carrier of small part
Grain air inlet reactor, while open oxygen carrier material inlet valve supplement oxidation state oxygen carrier incoming fuel reactor；
(5) fluidized air blower of air reactor, is started, reduction-state oxygen carrier is aoxidized with oxygen in air reactor
Reaction generates oxidation state oxygen carrier, and temperature gradually rises in air reactor, with the flow rate increase of oxygen carrier granule, from air
The air capacity that import matching is sent into increases, and fast bed state is presented in air reactor, and (vigorous fluidisation, most of particle is by gas
Carry up, leave air reactor into separator and material returning valve and be sent into pyrolysis reactor) when, stablize each pipe valve and open
Degree；
(6), oxidation state oxygen carrier sends heat and Lattice Oxygen back to fuel reactor, and wherein oxidation state oxygen carrier is introduced into list
Level cyclone separator carries out gas solid separation, and the oxidation state oxygen carrier separated enters double jacket by single stage cyclone dipleg
Fluid-bed heat exchanger, the oxidation state oxygen carrier in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is sent into feed pipe under fluidizing gas loosening,
And the coal tar in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger chuck is heated, the coal tar after preheating passes through petroleum pipeline and fluidisation air inlet branch
Fluidizing gas in pipe mixes the bottom of latter same incoming fuel reactor, and oxidation state oxygen carrier is reacted by feed pipe incoming fuel
Device, fluidizing gas are passed through by the bottom of fuel reactor, and coal tar is uniformly dispersed by oxygen carrier under fluidization, and are catalyzed and are split
The c h bond of coal tar is solved, promotes the Lattice Oxygen and H reaction generation carbon blacks of oxidation state oxygen carrier, carries carbon black and a small amount of reduction-state
The flue gas of oxygen carrier passes sequentially through the outer of interconnected cooling water coil, water leg heat exchanger and double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger
Layer jacket for heat exchange cools the flue gas after being cooled down, and the flue gas after cooling enters two-stage series connection cyclone separator, reduction-state oxygen carrier
Body separates in primary cyclone, enters refeed line and with entering from fuel reactor bottom by primary cyclone dipleg
After the reduction-state oxygen carrier mixing for entering refeed line, together returning air reactor completes Matter Transfer, and flue gas goes successively to two
Level cyclone separator, part carbon black are separated into storage tank, and remaining carbon black is carried through filtering collection device point by flue gas
From collection, tail gas is sent to waste heat boiler through offgas outlet and burnt, and realizes the preparation of carbon black.
The main body that coal-tar chemistry chain conversion of the present invention prepares the device of carbon black includes air reactor, single stage cyclone
Separator, double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, fuel reactor, water leg heat exchanger, two-stage series connection cyclone separator, it is collected by filtration
Device, air reactor blast pipe, single stage cyclone dipleg, feed pipe, petroleum pipeline, shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler, air-introduced machine,
Fluidize air intake branch, cooling water coil, primary cyclone dipleg, refeed line, storage tank, oxidation state oxygen carrier, reduction-state
Oxygen carrier, fluidisation air inlet supervisor, fuel reactor air distribution plate, returning charge tube valve, air reactor air distribution plate, coal tar pan feeding valve
Door, the outlet of oxygen carrier material inlet valve, returning charge valve, air intlet, oxygen denuded air, the main import of fluidizing gas, cooling water inlet, high temperature
Water out, coal tar oil inlet, fluidizing gas divide import and offgas outlet；Air reactor is vented by the air reactor at top
Pipe connects with single stage cyclone, and the bottom of air reactor is provided with air intlet, and the bottom of air reactor is provided with air
Reactor air distribution plate；Air reactor and air reactor exhaust Bottomhole pressure have an oxidation state oxygen carrier, oxidation state oxygen carrier by
Oxygen reaction generation in reduction-state oxygen carrier and air；The bottom of single stage cyclone passes through single stage cyclone dipleg
Connected with double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, the top of single stage cyclone exports provided with oxygen denuded air, oxygen denuded air outlet row
Go out N2With a small amount of unreacted O2；Double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is connected by feed pipe with the middle part of fuel reactor, and fuel is anti-
Device lower end is answered to be provided with fuel reactor air distribution plate, the bottom of fuel reactor air distribution plate is the wind connected with fluidisation air inlet supervisor
Room, fluidisation air inlet supervisor and the main inlet communication of fluidizing gas, fuel reactor pass through returning charge valve and refeed line and air reactor
Bottom be connected, be provided with returning charge tube valve on the refeed line between fuel reactor and returning charge valve, returning charge Bottomhole pressure has also
Ortho states oxygen carrier；The top of fuel reactor is provided with cooling water coil, and the top of cooling water coil is cooling water inlet, cooling water
Coil pipe is connected with water leg heat exchanger, the pipeline and two-stage series connection that the top of fuel reactor passes through water leg heat exchanger cavity
The inlet communication of cyclone separator, the exhaust outlet and two level whirlwind point that two-stage series connection cyclone separator passes through primary cyclone
Air inlet from device is composed in series, and primary cyclone dipleg connects with refeed line, and the bottom of secondary cyclone is with depositing
Storage tank is connected；Device for filtering and collecting is connected with the exhaust outlet of secondary cyclone, and the rear portion of device for filtering and collecting is provided with tail gas
Outlet；The top right side of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler is provided with high temperature water out；The top of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler goes out with oxygen denuded air
Mouthful communicate, the bottom of the outer layer chuck and water leg heat exchanger of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger respectively with shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler connects
Logical, the internal layer chuck bottom right of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is connected with petroleum pipeline, the internal layer of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger
The left side of chuck is provided with coal tar oil inlet, and coal tar pan feeding valve, double jacket stream are provided with the pipeline of coal tar inlet communication
The fluidized-bed bottom of heat exchanger of fluidized bed divides import provided with fluidizing gas；The bottom of petroleum pipeline is connected with fluidisation air intake branch, fluidizes
One end of air intake branch bottom is vertically connected with fluidisation air inlet supervisor, and the other end of fluidisation air intake branch bottom inclines provided with 30 °
Inclined tube, tipping tube are connected with fuel reactor bottom；The pipeline of fluidisation air intake branch upper end is provided with oxygen carrier material inlet valve, draws
The import of blower fan is connected with the bottom of waste heat boiler, and import main with fluidizing gas and fluidizing gas point enter respectively for the outlet of air-introduced machine
Mouth is connected.
Air reactor of the present invention is recirculating fluidized bed, and fuel reactor is bubbling fluidized bed；Double jacket fluid bed
The internal layer chuck of heat exchanger is coal tar oil lagging, and outer layer chuck is cooling water jecket, and double jacket coats the top and four of fluid bed
Week；Device for filtering and collecting is formed using filter cloth bag and exhaust gases passes.
The present invention prepares carbon black using coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis, when chemical chain pyrolytic reaction starts, in air reactor
Reduction-state oxygen carrier and air carry out oxidation reaction generation oxidation state oxygen carrier, oxidation state oxygen carrier is carried along into list by air-flow
Level cyclone separator carries out gas solid separation, and the oxygen denuded air separated passes through shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler recovery section heat, so
Double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, fuel reactor and returning charge valve are sent to as fluidizing gas by air-introduced machine afterwards；Separate
Oxidation state oxygen carrier enters double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger by single stage cyclone dipleg, and lower oxidation state is blown in fluidizing gas
Oxygen carrier preheats the coal tar in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger internal layer chuck, and the coal tar after preheating is fallen by petroleum pipeline
It is sent in fluidisation air intake branch, the fluidizing gas from fluidizing gas supervisor carries the oxidation fallen by oxygen carrier material inlet valve
State oxygen carrier is together sent to the bottom of fuel reactor, and is mixed fluidizing in air intake branch with coal tar, fluidizing gas supervisor
Interior fluidizing gas is passed through by the bottom plenum of fuel reactor, and coal tar is uniformly dispersed by the oxidation state oxygen carrier of fluidisation, and
The c h bond of catalytic pyrolysis coal tar, oxidation state oxygen carrier release Lattice Oxygen are reacted with H, then carbon separates out and is quickly generated carbon black, aoxidizes
State oxygen carrier generates reduction-state oxygen carrier, and bulky grain reduction-state oxygen carrier enters refeed line in fluidisation, sky is sent back to through returning charge valve
Solid/liquid/gas reactions device；Carbon black is carried in fuel reactor and the flue gas of a small amount of reduction-state oxygen carrier passes sequentially through interconnected water pond
Pipe, water leg heat exchanger enter two-stage separator and filter, and two-stage series connection cyclone separator, reduction-state oxygen carrier is in one-level
Separated in cyclone separator, refeed line is entered and with entering returning charge valve from fuel reactor bottom by primary cyclone dipleg
After the reduction-state oxygen carrier mixing of refeed line, together returning air reactor completes Matter Transfer, and flue gas goes successively to two
Level cyclone separator, part carbon black are separated into storage tank, and remaining carbon black is carried through filtering collection device point by flue gas
From collection, tail gas is sent to waste heat boiler afterburning through offgas outlet.
The present invention is during charcoal processing is black, and the temperature in air reactor is 1000-1100 DEG C, the temperature of fuel reactor
For 850-950 DEG C；The outer layer chuck that cooling water after water leg heat exchanger is first passed through in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is to adjust
Fuel-economizing temperature, then shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler tube side is passed through, and with guiding to shell-and-tube waste heat pot from oxygen denuded air outlet using air-introduced machine
The oxygen denuded air heat exchange of furnace shell journey, the oxygen denuded air after cooling goes to the main import of fluidizing gas respectively and fluidizing gas divides import to do
Air inlet is fluidized, and the water after heating leads to external heat user by high temperature water out.
Compared with prior art, during preparing carbon black, coal tar is not direct and air contact, but passes through load by the present invention
Alternating oxidation-reduction reaction of the oxysome between air reactor and fuel reactor realizes the preparation process of carbon black, have with
Lower advantage, first, the oxygen carrier under fluidized state uniformly blends with oil plant, play good broken atomization oil plant and strengthen contact
Heat transfer effect, save the energy needed for mechanical atomization compressed air in Audit For Process；Second, substituted using the Lattice Oxygen of oxygen carrier
Molecular oxygen in ingress of air, simplify air stoichiometry control, avoid the loss of the excess enthalpy and carbon of oxygen, ensure carbon black productivity；Third,
Air reactor and fuel reactor temperature be below be equal to 1100 DEG C, reaction temperature is low, improves the resistance to material life-span, save operation into
This, and due to using oxygen carrier catalytic pyrolysis oil plant c h bond, promote Lattice Oxygen and H reaction, carbon black reaction rate does not drop
It is low；Four be due to that temperature is relatively low in fuel reactor, and oil plant not with O in air2Contact, effectively reduces thermal NOxAnd fuel
Type NOxProduce；Fifth, being provided with water coil and water leg heat exchanger at the top of fuel reactor, changed by cooling water and flue gas dividing wall type
Thermal conditioning cigarette temperature, co- controlling/termination carbon black reaction, and the water after heating is sent to waste heat boiler utilization, compared to high-temperature flue gas
Spray cooling and the way for causing a large amount of heat loss, have huge power savings advantages, and tail gas water capacity is small, is also sent to waste heat boiler
Afterburning utilizes；Sixth, oil plant increases, fired beneficial to being sent into by preheating during oxygen carrier backflow, mobility in double jacket heat exchanger
Expect that reactor blends with oxygen carrier, save special oil plant warm, there is characteristics of energy saving；Seventh, air reactor exhaust is by drawing
Blower fan leads back waste heat boiler, is exchanged heat with the water after cooling water jecket adjusts oil temperature, and cooling final vacuum is used as fuel reactor
Deng fluidisation air inlet, and high-temperature water is eventually sent to heat user, it may have the characteristics of waste heat residual air energy is recycled；Its technique
Simplicity, scientific in principle, the apparatus structure used is simple, easy for operation, and maintenance cost is low, service life length, and less energy consumption is real
The reasonable utilization of existing complementary energy, effectively reduces disposal of pollutants, has far-reaching extensively social benefit and commercial Application potential value.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the agent structure principle schematic for the device that coal-tar chemistry chain conversion of the present invention prepares carbon black,
Changed including air reactor 1, single stage cyclone 2, double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, fuel reactor 4, water leg
Hot device 5, two-stage series connection cyclone separator 6, device for filtering and collecting 7, air reactor blast pipe 8, single stage cyclone dipleg
9th, feed pipe 10, petroleum pipeline 11, shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12, air-introduced machine 13, fluidisation air intake branch 14, cooling water coil 15, one
Level cyclone dip-leg 16, refeed line 17, storage tank 18, oxidation state oxygen carrier 19, reduction-state oxygen carrier 20, fluidisation air inlet master
Pipe 21, fuel reactor air distribution plate 22, returning charge tube valve 23, air reactor air distribution plate 24, coal tar pan feeding valve 25, oxygen carrier
Body material inlet valve 26, air intlet A, oxygen denuded air outlet B, the main import C of fluidizing gas, cooling water inlet D, high temperature water out E,
Coal tar oil inlet F, fluidizing gas divide import G and offgas outlet H.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below by specific embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment：
The present embodiment prepares carbon black in the device that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black using coal tar raw material, and it has
Production procedure is：
(1) paving oxygen carrier granule, is filled out on fuel reactor air distribution plate 22 and forms the oxygen carrier granule bed of material, oxygen carrier granule
The thickness of the bed of material is not less than 150mm；
(2), the returning charge tube valve 23 closed between fuel reactor 4 and air reactor 1, oxygen carrier granule is blocked two
Circulation between individual reactor；
(3), preheated using 1000 DEG C of flue gases caused by combustion gas in external hot-blast stove and air burning, flue gas is advanced
Enter fuel reactor 4 and carry out baker, flue gas sprays into from fuel reactor air distribution plate 22, heats the oxygen carrier in fuel reactor 4
The particle bed of material and refractory material, the oxygen carrier granule bed of material loosen expansion and bubbling fluidization, and flue gas is up to pass through cooling water coil 15,
Low power rate of flow of water is run in cooling water coil 15, and flue gas is introduced into air reactor after leaving the offgas outlet H of fuel reactor 4
The air intlet A of 1 bottom, preheated by the air inlet reactor 1 of air reactor air distribution plate 24；When fuel reactor 4
When middle main body furnace temperature reaches 800~900 DEG C, temperature reaches 700 DEG C in pipeline and air reactor 1, is discharged from air reactor 1
Waste heat flue gas introduce shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12 from the oxygen denuded air outlet B at the top of single stage cyclone 2, so as to shell
Formula waste heat boiler 12 is preheated；Then progressively reduce combustion intensity in hot-blast stove, start to be sent into coal tar into fuel reactor 4
Oil is reacted, the exothermic heat of reaction of oxygen carrier granule air inlet reactor 1, and is gradually passed through oxygen carrier body circulation and taken heat to combustion
Expect reactor 4；In fuel reactor 4 after temperature stabilization, stop the operation of hot-blast stove；
(4) the returning charge tube valve 23 between air reactor 1 and fuel reactor 4 on pipeline, is opened, while opens coal tar
Oily pan feeding valve 25, make coal tar by coal tar oil inlet F incoming fuels reactor 4, the pan feeding speed of coal tar by 0 flow by
It is cumulative big, until metered flow, the penetrating fluidisation of 1000 DEG C of flue gases is kept, the fluidisation of oxygen carrier granule is to incoming fuel reactor
4 coal tar is crushed and heated, and carbon black reaction proceeds by, and the reduction-state oxygen carrier granule 20 of generation is not anti-with small part
The oxygen carrier granule air inlet reactor 1 answered, while open oxygen carrier material inlet valve 26 and supplement oxidation state oxygen carrier granule 20
Incoming fuel reactor 4；
(5) fluidized air blower of air reactor 1, is started, reduction-state oxygen carrier 19 is carried out with oxygen in air reactor 1
Oxidation reaction generates oxidation state oxygen carrier 19, and temperature gradually rises in air reactor 1, increases with the flow rate of oxygen carrier granule
Add, the air capacity increase being sent into from air intlet A matchings, fast bed state (vigorous fluidisation, big portion is presented in air reactor 1
Divide particle to be carried by gas up, leave air reactor into separator and material returning valve and be sent into pyrolysis reactor) when, it is stable
Each pipe valve aperture；
(6), oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 sends heat and Lattice Oxygen back to fuel reactor 4, wherein oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 first
Gas solid separation is carried out into single stage cyclone 2, the oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 separated is by single stage cyclone dipleg 9
Into double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, by the oxidation state oxygen carrier in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 under fluidizing gas loosening
19 are sent into feed pipe 10, and the coal tar in the chuck of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 is heated, and the coal tar after preheating passes through defeated
Oil pipe 11 mixes the bottom of latter same incoming fuel reactor 4, oxidation state oxygen carrier with the fluidizing gas in fluidisation air intake branch 14
Body 19 is passed through by the incoming fuel reactor 4 of feed pipe 10, fluidizing gas by the bottom of fuel reactor 4, is downloaded in fluidization
Coal tar is uniformly dispersed by oxysome 19, and the c h bond of catalytic pyrolysis coal tar, promotes the Lattice Oxygen and H of oxidation state oxygen carrier 19
Reaction generation carbon black, the flue gas for carrying carbon black and a small amount of reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 pass sequentially through interconnected cooling water coil
15th, the outer layer jacket for heat exchange of water leg heat exchanger 5 and double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 cools the flue gas after being cooled down, cooling
Flue gas afterwards enters two-stage series connection cyclone separator 6, and reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 separates in primary cyclone a, by one-level
Cyclone dip-leg 16 enters refeed line 17 and the reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 with entering refeed line 17 from the bottom of fuel reactor 4
After mixing, together returning air reactor 1 completes Matter Transfer, and flue gas goes successively to secondary cyclone b, part carbon black
It is separated into storage tank 18, remaining carbon black is carried through filter collection device 7 by flue gas and separated and collected, and tail gas goes out through tail gas
Mouth H is sent to waste heat boiler burning, realizes the preparation of carbon black.
The main body that coal-tar chemistry chain conversion described in the present embodiment prepares the device of carbon black includes air reactor 1, single-stage
Cyclone separator 2, double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, fuel reactor 4, water leg heat exchanger 5, two-stage series connection cyclone separator
6th, device for filtering and collecting 7, air reactor blast pipe 8, single stage cyclone dipleg 9, feed pipe 10, petroleum pipeline 11, shell
Formula waste heat boiler 12, air-introduced machine 13, fluidisation air intake branch 14, cooling water coil 15, primary cyclone dipleg 16, refeed line
17th, storage tank 18, oxidation state oxygen carrier 19, reduction-state oxygen carrier 20, fluidisation air inlet supervisor 21, fuel reactor air distribution plate 22,
Returning charge tube valve 23, air reactor air distribution plate 24, coal tar pan feeding valve 25, oxygen carrier material inlet valve 26, returning charge valve 27, sky
Gas import A, oxygen denuded air outlet B, the main import C of fluidizing gas, cooling water inlet D, high temperature water out E, coal tar oil inlet F, stream
Change gas and divide import G and offgas outlet H；Air reactor 1 is separated by the air reactor blast pipe 8 at top with single stage cyclone
Device 2 connects, and the bottom of air reactor 1 is provided with air intlet A, and the bottom of air reactor 1 is provided with air reactor air distribution plate
24；Flowing has oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 in air reactor 1 and air reactor blast pipe 8, and oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 is by reducing
Oxygen reaction generation in state oxygen carrier 20 and air；The bottom of single stage cyclone 2 passes through single stage cyclone dipleg 9
Connected with double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, the top of single stage cyclone 2 is provided with oxygen denuded air outlet B, oxygen denuded air outlet
B discharges N2Unreacted O less2；Double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 is connected by feed pipe 10 with the middle part of fuel reactor 4,
The lower end of fuel reactor 4 is provided with fuel reactor air distribution plate 22, and the bottom of fuel reactor air distribution plate 22 is with fluidizing air inlet master
The air compartment that pipe 21 connects, fluidisation air inlet supervisor 21 connect with the main import C of fluidizing gas, and fuel reactor 4 passes through the He of returning charge valve 27
Refeed line 17 is connected with the bottom of air reactor 1, is provided with and returns on the refeed line 17 between fuel reactor 4 and returning charge valve 27
Expects pipe valve 23, the interior flowing of refeed line 17 have reduction-state oxygen carrier 20；The top of fuel reactor 4 is provided with cooling water coil 15,
The top of cooling water coil 15 is cooling water inlet D, and cooling water coil 15 is connected with water leg heat exchanger 5, fuel reactor 4
Top pass through the pipeline of the inner chamber of water leg heat exchanger 5 and the inlet communication of two-stage series connection cyclone separator 6, two-stage series connection whirlwind
The air inlet of exhaust outlet and secondary cyclone b that separator 6 passes through primary cyclone a is composed in series, one cyclonic
Separator dipleg 16 connects with refeed line 17, and secondary cyclone b bottom is connected with storage tank 18；Device for filtering and collecting 7
It is connected with secondary cyclone b exhaust outlet, the rear portion of device for filtering and collecting 7 is provided with offgas outlet H；Shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler
12 top right side is provided with high temperature water out E；The top of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12 communicates with oxygen denuded air outlet B, double jacket
Bottom of the outer layer chuck and water leg heat exchanger 5 of fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 respectively with shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12 connects, double jacket
The internal layer chuck bottom right of fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 is connected with petroleum pipeline 11, the internal layer chuck of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3
Left side is provided with coal tar oil inlet F, and the pipeline connected with coal tar oil inlet F is provided with coal tar pan feeding valve 25, double jacket fluidisation
The fluidized-bed bottom of bed heat exchanger 3 divides import G provided with fluidizing gas；The bottom of petroleum pipeline 11 is connected with fluidisation air intake branch 14,
One end of fluidisation air intake branch 14 bottom is vertically connected with fluidisation air inlet supervisor 21, and the other end of fluidisation air intake branch 14 bottom is set
There is 30 ° of tipping tube, tipping tube is connected with the bottom of fuel reactor 4；The pipeline of fluidisation air intake branch 14 upper end is provided with oxygen carrier
Body material inlet valve 26, the import of air-introduced machine 13 are connected with the bottom of waste heat boiler 12, the outlet of air-introduced machine 13 respectively with fluidized gas
The main import C of body divides import G to be connected with fluidizing gas.
Air reactor 1 described in the present embodiment is recirculating fluidized bed, and fuel reactor 4 is bubbling fluidized bed；Double jacket stream
The internal layer chuck of heat exchanger of fluidized bed 3 is coal tar oil lagging, and outer layer chuck is cooling water jecket, and double jacket coats the top of fluid bed
And surrounding；Device for filtering and collecting 7 is formed using filter cloth bag and exhaust gases passes.
The present embodiment prepares carbon black using coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis, when chemical chain pyrolytic reaction starts, air reactor 1
Interior reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 carries out oxidation reaction generation oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 with air, and oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 is taken by air-flow
Band enters single stage cyclone 2 and carries out gas solid separation, and the oxygen denuded air separated reclaims by shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12
Partial heat, double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, fuel reactor 4 and returning charge valve 27 then are sent to as stream by air-introduced machine 13
Change gas；The oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 separated enters double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3 by single stage cyclone dipleg 9,
Lower oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 is blown in fluidizing gas to preheat the coal tar in the internal layer chuck of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3, in advance
Coal tar after heat is fallen by petroleum pipeline to be sent in fluidisation air intake branch 14, and the fluidizing gas from fluidizing gas supervisor 21 is taken
Band logical crosses the bottom that the oxidation state oxygen carrier that oxygen carrier material inlet valve 26 is fallen together is sent to fuel reactor 4, and fluidize into
Being mixed in gas branch pipe 14 with coal tar, the fluidizing gas in fluidizing gas supervisor 21 is passed through by the bottom plenum of fuel reactor 4,
Coal tar is uniformly dispersed by the oxidation state oxygen carrier of fluidisation, and the c h bond of catalytic pyrolysis coal tar, and oxidation state oxygen carrier 19 discharges
Lattice Oxygen is reacted with H, then carbon, which separates out, is quickly generated carbon black, oxidation state oxygen carrier generation reduction-state oxygen carrier, bulky grain reduction-state
Oxygen carrier enters refeed line 17 in fluidisation, and air reactor 1 is sent back to through returning charge valve 26；Carry in fuel reactor 4 carbon black and
The flue gas of a small amount of reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 passes sequentially through interconnected water coil 15, water leg heat exchanger 5 enters two-stage and separated
Device and filter, two-stage series connection cyclone separator 6, reduction-state oxygen carrier 20 separates in primary cyclone a, by one-level
Cyclone dip-leg 16 enters refeed line 17 and the reduction with entering returning charge valve 27 and refeed line 17 from the bottom of fuel reactor 4
After state oxygen carrier 20 mixes, together returning air reactor 1 completes Matter Transfer, and flue gas goes successively to secondary cyclone
B, part carbon black are separated into storage tank 18, and remaining carbon black is carried through filter collection device 7 by flue gas and separated and collected, tail
Gas is sent to waste heat boiler afterburning through offgas outlet H.
The present embodiment is during charcoal processing is black, and the temperature in air reactor 1 is 1000-1100 DEG C, fuel reactor 4
Temperature is 850-950 DEG C；Cooling water after water leg heat exchanger 5 is first passed through the outer layer folder in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger 3
Cover to adjust oil temperature, then be passed through the tube side of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler 12, and with guiding to pipe from oxygen denuded air outlet B using air-introduced machine 13
The oxygen denuded air heat exchange of the shell side of shell-type waste heat boiler 12, the oxygen denuded air after cooling go to the main import C of fluidizing gas and stream respectively
Changing gas divides import G to do fluidisation air inlet, and the water after heating leads to external heat user by high temperature water out E.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis prepares carbon black, it is characterised in that prepare carbon black in coal-tar chemistry chain pyrolysis
Device in carbon black prepared using coal tar raw material, its specific preparation process is：
(1) paving oxygen carrier granule, is filled out on fuel reactor air distribution plate and forms the oxygen carrier granule bed of material, the oxygen carrier granule bed of material
Thickness is not less than 150mm；
(2), the returning charge tube valve closed between fuel reactor and air reactor, oxygen carrier granule is blocked in two reactors
Between circulation；
(3), preheated using 1000 DEG C of flue gases caused by combustion gas in external hot-blast stove and air burning, flue gas is introduced into combustion
Expect that reactor carries out baker, flue gas sprays into from fuel reactor air distribution plate, heats the oxygen carrier granule bed of material in fuel reactor
And refractory material, the oxygen carrier granule bed of material loosen expansion and bubbling fluidization, flue gas is up to pass through cooling water coil, cooling water coil
The operation of middle low power rate of flow of water, flue gas, which leaves, to be introduced into the air of air reactor bottom after the offgas outlet of fuel reactor and enters
Mouthful, preheated by air reactor air distribution plate air inlet reactor；When in fuel reactor main body furnace temperature reach 800~
At 900 DEG C, temperature reaches 700 DEG C in pipeline and air reactor, from the waste heat flue gas of air reactor discharge from single stage cyclone
Oxygen denuded air outlet at the top of separator introduces shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler, so as to be preheated to shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler；Then
Progressively reduce combustion intensity in hot-blast stove, in fuel reactor after temperature stabilization, stop the operation of hot-blast stove；
(4) the returning charge tube valve between air reactor and fuel reactor, is opened, while opens coal tar pan feeding valve, is opened
Begin to be sent into coal tar into fuel reactor and reacted, oxygen carrier granule air inlet reactor reaction heat release, and gradually leading to
Cross oxygen carrier circulation and take heat to fuel reactor；The pan feeding speed of wherein coal tar is gradually increased by 0 flow, until specified
Flow, keeps the penetrating fluidisation of 1000 DEG C of flue gases, and the fluidisation of oxygen carrier granule is broken to the coal tar of incoming fuel reactor
Broken and heating, carbon black reaction proceed by, and the reduction-state oxygen carrier granule of generation enters with the unreacted oxygen carrier granule of small part
Enter air reactor, while open oxygen carrier material inlet valve supplement oxidation state oxygen carrier incoming fuel reactor；
(5) fluidized air blower of air reactor, is started, reduction-state oxygen carrier carries out oxidation reaction with oxygen in air reactor
Oxidation state oxygen carrier is generated, temperature gradually rises in air reactor, with the flow rate increase of oxygen carrier granule, from air intlet
The air capacity that matching is sent into increases, and when fast bed state being presented in air reactor, stablizes each pipe valve aperture；
(6), oxidation state oxygen carrier sends heat and Lattice Oxygen back to fuel reactor, and wherein oxidation state oxygen carrier is introduced into single-stage rotation
Wind separator carries out gas solid separation, and the oxidation state oxygen carrier separated is fluidized by single stage cyclone dipleg into double jacket
Bed heat exchanger, the oxidation state oxygen carrier in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is sent into feed pipe under fluidizing gas loosening, and it is right
Coal tar heating in double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger chuck, the coal tar after preheating is by petroleum pipeline with fluidizing in air intake branch
Fluidizing gas mix the bottom of latter same incoming fuel reactor, oxidation state oxygen carrier by feed pipe incoming fuel reactor,
Fluidizing gas is passed through by the bottom of fuel reactor, and coal tar is uniformly dispersed by oxygen carrier under fluidization, and catalytic pyrolysis
The c h bond of coal tar, promote the Lattice Oxygen and H reaction generation carbon blacks of oxidation state oxygen carrier, carry carbon black and a small amount of reduction-state carries
The flue gas of oxysome passes sequentially through the outer layer of interconnected cooling water coil, water leg heat exchanger and double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger
Jacket for heat exchange cools cooled down after flue gas, the flue gas after cooling enters two-stage series connection cyclone separator, reduction-state oxygen carrier
Separated in primary cyclone, refeed line is entered and with entering from fuel reactor bottom by primary cyclone dipleg
After the reduction-state oxygen carrier mixing of refeed line, together returning air reactor completes Matter Transfer, and flue gas goes successively to two level
Cyclone separator, part carbon black are separated into storage tank, and remaining carbon black is carried through filtering collection device separation by flue gas
Collect, tail gas is sent to waste heat boiler through offgas outlet and burnt, and realizes the preparation of carbon black.
2. the method that the pyrolysis of coal-tar chemistry chain prepares carbon black according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coal tar oiling
The agent structure for learning the device that chain conversion prepares carbon black is changed including air reactor, single stage cyclone, double jacket fluid bed
Hot device, fuel reactor, water leg heat exchanger, two-stage series connection cyclone separator, device for filtering and collecting, air reactor exhaust
Pipe, single stage cyclone dipleg, feed pipe, petroleum pipeline, shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler, air-introduced machine, fluidisation air intake branch, cooling water
Coil pipe, primary cyclone dipleg, refeed line, storage tank, fluidisation air inlet supervisor, fuel reactor air distribution plate, returning charge pipe valve
Door, air reactor air distribution plate, coal tar pan feeding valve, oxygen carrier material inlet valve, returning charge valve, air intlet, oxygen denuded air go out
Mouth, the main import of fluidizing gas, cooling water inlet, high temperature water out, coal tar oil inlet, fluidizing gas divide import and offgas outlet；
Air reactor is connected by the air reactor blast pipe at top with single stage cyclone, and the bottom of air reactor is provided with
Air intlet, the bottom of air reactor are provided with air reactor air distribution plate；In air reactor and air reactor blast pipe
Flowing has oxidation state oxygen carrier, and oxidation state oxygen carrier is generated by the oxygen reaction in reduction-state oxygen carrier and air；Single stage cyclone
The bottom of separator is connected by single stage cyclone dipleg with double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger, the top of single stage cyclone
Portion exports provided with oxygen denuded air；Double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is connected by feed pipe with the middle part of fuel reactor, and fuel is anti-
Device lower end is answered to be provided with fuel reactor air distribution plate, the bottom of fuel reactor air distribution plate is the wind connected with fluidisation air inlet supervisor
Room, fluidisation air inlet supervisor and the main inlet communication of fluidizing gas, fuel reactor pass through returning charge valve and refeed line and air reactor
Bottom be connected, be provided with returning charge tube valve on the refeed line between fuel reactor and returning charge valve, returning charge Bottomhole pressure has also
Ortho states oxygen carrier；The top of fuel reactor is provided with cooling water coil, and the top of cooling water coil is cooling water inlet, cooling water
Coil pipe is connected with water leg heat exchanger, the pipeline and two-stage series connection that the top of fuel reactor passes through water leg heat exchanger cavity
The inlet communication of cyclone separator, the exhaust outlet and two level whirlwind point that two-stage series connection cyclone separator passes through primary cyclone
Air inlet from device is composed in series, and primary cyclone dipleg connects with refeed line, and the bottom of secondary cyclone is with depositing
Storage tank is connected；Device for filtering and collecting is connected with the exhaust outlet of secondary cyclone, and the rear portion of device for filtering and collecting is provided with tail gas
Outlet；The top right side of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler is provided with high temperature water out；The top of shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler goes out with oxygen denuded air
Mouthful communicate, the bottom of the outer layer chuck and water leg heat exchanger of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger respectively with shell-and-tube exhaust-heat boiler connects
Logical, the internal layer chuck bottom right of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger is connected with petroleum pipeline, the internal layer of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger
The left side of chuck is provided with coal tar oil inlet, and coal tar pan feeding valve, double jacket stream are provided with the pipeline of coal tar inlet communication
The fluidized-bed bottom of heat exchanger of fluidized bed divides import provided with fluidizing gas；The bottom of petroleum pipeline is connected with fluidisation air intake branch, fluidizes
One end of air intake branch bottom is vertically connected with fluidisation air inlet supervisor, and the other end of fluidisation air intake branch bottom inclines provided with 30 °
Inclined tube, tipping tube are connected with fuel reactor bottom；The pipeline of fluidisation air intake branch upper end is provided with oxygen carrier material inlet valve, draws
The import of blower fan is connected with the bottom of waste heat boiler, and import main with fluidizing gas and fluidizing gas point enter respectively for the outlet of air-introduced machine
Mouth is connected.
3. the method that the pyrolysis of coal-tar chemistry chain prepares carbon black according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the air reaction
Device is recirculating fluidized bed, and fuel reactor is bubbling fluidized bed；The internal layer chuck of double jacket fluid-bed heat exchanger presss from both sides for coal tar
Set, outer layer chuck are cooling water jecket, the top of double jacket cladding fluid bed and surrounding；Device for filtering and collecting uses filter cloth bag
Formed with exhaust gases passes.
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