CN104795876A - Intelligent charging device based on multi-resonant topology - Google Patents
Intelligent charging device based on multi-resonant topology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104795876A CN104795876A CN201510206259.6A CN201510206259A CN104795876A CN 104795876 A CN104795876 A CN 104795876A CN 201510206259 A CN201510206259 A CN 201510206259A CN 104795876 A CN104795876 A CN 104795876A
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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Classifications
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- H02J7/027—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent charging device based on multi-resonant topology. The intelligent charging device comprises an AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) converting unit, a DC/DC converting unit, a controller, a charging protection unit and an auxiliary power source, wherein the AC/DC converting unit comprises an input protection module, an input filtering module, a surge suppression module and an AC/DC conversion rectification filtering module, the DC/DC converting module comprises a resonant module and a DC/DC conversion rectification filtering module, and the charging protection unit comprises an output overcurrent protection module, an output current-limiting protection module, an output overvoltage protection module and an input overvoltage and undervoltage protection module. The intelligent charging device based on the multi-resonant topology is simple to operate, high in universality, capable of charging batteries intelligently and higher than 90% in overall efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligent charge technique field, be specifically related to a kind of intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology.
Background technology
At present, domestic charger adopts power frequency charger mostly, and this charger is made up of transformer and rectification circuit, although circuit is simple, but operating frequency is low, required transformer both bulk, thermal losses is large, therefore conversion efficiency is low, be only about 70%, in addition, due to the fluctuation of line voltage and frequency, output voltage current stability, is inadequate, affects charging performance; Secondly, the noise feedback that charger inside produces, to power supply grid, has serious humorous wave interference to power supply grid; Further, charger lack of wisdom controls and perfect defencive function, and easily cause and overcharge or charge less, charging effect is undesirable, and security reliability is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology, this device is simple to operate, highly versatile, can carry out intelligent charge to battery, overall efficiency is higher than 90%.
For achieving the above object, a kind of intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology disclosed by the invention, it is characterized in that: it comprises AC/DC converter unit, DC/DC converter unit, controller, charge protection unit, accessory power supply, wherein, AC/DC converter unit comprises input protection module, input filter module, surge suppression modules, AC/DC convert rectification filtering module; Described DC/DC converter unit comprises resonance modules, DC/DC converts rectification filtering module; Charge protection unit comprises output overcurrent protection module, output current limiting protection module, output over-voltage protection module, input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module;
Wherein, the signal output part of described input protection module is by the input of input filter model calling to surge suppression modules, the output of surge suppression modules connects AC/DC respectively and converts the input of rectification filtering module and the input of accessory power supply, described AC/DC converts the input of the output connection resonance modules of rectification filtering module, and the output of resonance modules connects the input that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module;
Described accessory power supply powers to respectively controller, output overcurrent protection module, output current limiting protection module, output over-voltage protection module and input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module;
The voltage sample output of described surge suppression modules connects the sampled signal input of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module, the Surge suppression control signal output of overvoltage/undervoltage protection module connects the control end of surge suppression modules, the signal input part of the triggering signal output connection control device of overvoltage/undervoltage protection module;
The current sampling signal output of described resonance modules connects the current sampling signal input of output overcurrent protection module and output current limiting protection module respectively, the signal input part of the overcurrent protection control signal output connection control device of described output overcurrent protection module, the signal input part of the current-limiting protection control signal output connection control device of output current limiting protection module, the voltage sampling signal input of output current limiting protection module connects the voltage signal output end that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module;
Described DC/DC converts the voltage sampling signal input of the voltage sampling signal output connection output over-voltage protection module of rectification filtering module; the signal input part of the overvoltage protection control signal output connection control device of output over-voltage protection module, the control signal output of described controller connects the control signal input of resonance modules.
Operation principle of the present invention is: the three-phase alternating current of input converts rectification filtering module convert level and smooth high voltage direct current to through input protection module, input filter module, surge suppression modules, AC/DC; and being transformed to high-frequency alternating current by resonance modules, DC/DC converts rectification filtering module and high-frequency alternating current is transformed to galvanic current.Controller sampling and outputting voltage, after the microprocessor of inside processes, controls the break-make of resonance modules switching tube, makes output voltage keep stable.The current signal of output overcurrent and output current limiting protection module sampling switch pipe, controls output current after microprocessor processes.The voltage of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module sampling input, converts AC/DC more afterwards with reference voltage and controls, simultaneously by overvoltage/undervoltage signal feedback to controller, turn off through Microprocessor S3C44B0X resonance modules switching tube.High voltage direct current is converted to 5 road direct currents for AC/DC conversion, control circuit, protective circuit by accessory power supply provides working power.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
DC/DC converter unit have employed multi-resonant and controls power conversion technology, achieve " Sofe Switch " of switching tube, switching tube in resonant circuit carries out switch when drain-source both end voltage is zero, the rectifier diode that DC/DC converts in rectification filtering module simultaneously is also operated in " Sofe Switch " state, decrease switching loss, the conversion efficiency of charger reaches more than 90%.The operating frequency of resonance modules breaker in middle pipe is 20kHz, it is 400 times of traditional charger operating frequency, the volume and weight of the transformer used, inductance, electric capacity can reduce decades of times than traditional power frequency charger, and therefore intelligent charging machine is less, lightweight than traditional charger volume.Adopt computer control, parameter such as sampling charging voltage, electric current etc., charging voltage, electric current are controlled in real time, charging curve is made more to meet the charge characteristic of battery, make charging effect better, battery namely not charge less, fill only, under the prerequisite ensureing battery electric quantity abundance, effectively can extend the useful life of battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is DC/DC mapped structure block diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of output overcurrent protection module in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of output current limiting protection module in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of output over-voltage protection module in the present invention;
Wherein, 1-AC/DC converter unit, 1a-input protection module, 1b-input filter module, 1c-surge suppression modules, 1d-AC/DC conversion rectification filtering module, 2-DC/DC converter unit, 2a-resonance modules, 2b-DC/DC convert rectification filtering module, 3-controller, 4-charge protection unit, 4a-output overcurrent protection module, 4b-output current limiting protection module, 4c-output over-voltage protection module, 4d-input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module, 5-accessory power supply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises AC/DC converter unit 1, DC/DC converter unit 2, controller 3, charge protection unit 4, accessory power supply 5, wherein, AC/DC converter unit 1 comprises input protection module 1a, input filter module 1b, surge suppression modules 1c, AC/DC convert rectification filtering module 1d; Described DC/DC converter unit 2 comprises resonance modules 2a, DC/DC and converts rectification filtering module 2b; Charge protection unit 4 comprises output overcurrent protection module 4a, output current limiting protection module 4b, output over-voltage protection module 4c, input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d;
Wherein, the signal output part of described input protection module 1a connects the input of surge suppression modules 1c by input filter module 1b, the output of surge suppression modules 1c connects AC/DC respectively and converts the input of rectification filtering module 1d and the input of accessory power supply 5, described AC/DC converts the input of the output connection resonance modules 2a of rectification filtering module 1d, and the output of resonance modules 2a connects the input that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b;
Described accessory power supply 5 powers to respectively controller 3, output overcurrent protection module 4a, output current limiting protection module 4b, output over-voltage protection module 4c and input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d;
The voltage sample output of described surge suppression modules 1c connects the sampled signal input of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d, the Surge suppression control signal output of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d connects the control end of surge suppression modules 1c, the signal input part of the triggering signal output connection control device 3 of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d;
The current sampling signal output of described resonance modules 2a connects the current sampling signal input of output overcurrent protection module 4a and output current limiting protection module 4b respectively, the signal input part of the overcurrent protection control signal output connection control device 3 of described output overcurrent protection module 4a, the signal input part of the current-limiting protection control signal output connection control device 3 of output current limiting protection module 4b, the voltage sampling signal input of output current limiting protection module 4b connects the voltage signal output end that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b;
Described DC/DC converts the voltage sampling signal input of the voltage sampling signal output connection output over-voltage protection module 4c of rectification filtering module 2b; the signal input part of the overvoltage protection control signal output connection control device 3 of output over-voltage protection module 4c, the control signal output of described controller 3 connects the control signal input of resonance modules 2a.
In technique scheme; input protection module 1a comprises insurance, piezo-resistance and discharge tube; charger running current is less than the blowout current of insurance; the normal work of insurance; when short circuit phenomenon appears in the devices such as charger rectifier bridge, switching tube, insurance quick fuse, makes charger and power supply grid disconnect; avoid power supply grid to cause larger damage to circuit for charging machine, after also avoiding charger to occur short trouble, power supply grid is impacted simultaneously.Piezo-resistance and discharge tube can anti-lightning strike and absorption instantaneous high pressures.
In technique scheme, input filter module 1b comprises filter capacitor and differential mode inductance, can reduce differential mode interference and common mode disturbances.
In technique scheme, surge suppression modules 1c comprises relay and high-power resistance.Surge suppression modules 1c limits charging current by the resistance of inside, ensures can not produce surge current at the filter capacitor charging initial stage.Sample to filtered voltage, when voltage reaches preset value, control relay action, by current-limiting resistance short circuit, decreases power loss.
In technique scheme, AC/DC converts rectification filtering module 1d and comprises rectifier bridge, Active PFC, filter capacitor, for three-phase alternating current is transformed to direct current, and improves power factor (PF).
In technique scheme, resonance modules 2a comprises switching tube, resonant inductance, transformer, resonant capacitance, and it is high-frequency alternating current that resonance modules 2a is used for DC power conversion.
In technique scheme, DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b and comprises rectifier diode, filter inductance, filter capacitor, and DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b and is used for high-frequency alternating current to be transformed to direct current.
In technique scheme, controller 3 presses output voltage and the electric current of the charge requirement control charger of battery.Controller 3 mainly realizes current sample, voltage sample, Current Control, voltage control, communication function, fault alarm function, charging curve selection function and defencive function.The too high meeting of output voltage causes catastrophic failure to power consumption equipment, and occur for stopping this type of situation, acquiescence overvoltage protection value is 63 ± 1V, occurs charger automatic shutdown after output overvoltage, and carries out fault warning.The output current of charger can not infinitely increase, and maximum limit is made as 1.05 ~ 1.15 times of output-current rating, if excess load, charger turns down output voltage automatically to protect charger.Charger output voltage and electric current and battery charging state are shown by liquid crystal display screen, and user can the operating state of understanding charger of intuitive and convenient.
In technique scheme, output overcurrent protection module 4a is used for the automatic shutdown when overcurrent appears in charger.Output current limiting protection module 4b is for limiting the output current of charger.Output over-voltage protection module 4c is used for the automatic shutdown when charger output end voltage is too high, can protect power consumption equipment.Input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module 4d is when there is overvoltage or be under-voltage in input three-phase alternating current, and charger does not start, and can protect charger, when input voltage is lower than 323VAC or higher than 437VAC, sends stopping signal by testing circuit, and protection charger is not damaged.Accessory power supply 5 is made up of control chip, switching tube, transformer, rectifier diode, for charger control circuit, protective circuit are powered.
In technique scheme, resonance modules 2a as illustrated in figs. 1 and 2 comprises metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, metal-oxide-semiconductor S2, resonant inductance L1, transformer T1, resonant capacitance C5, resonant capacitance C6, electric capacity C1 ~ electric capacity C4, wherein, the control signal output of the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 and the grid connection control device 3 of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 connects the output that AC/DC converts rectification filtering module 1d, electric capacity C1 is connected the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 with one end of electric capacity C3, electric capacity C1 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 with the other end of electric capacity C3, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 connects the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 connects the output that AC/DC converts rectification filtering module 1d, electric capacity C2 is connected the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 with one end of electric capacity C4, electric capacity C2 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 with the other end of electric capacity C4, one end of described resonant inductance L1 connects the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, one end that the other end connection transformer T1 of resonant inductance L1 is elementary, the elementary other end of transformer T1 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 by the resonant capacitance C5 of series connection with resonant capacitance C6, the other end of described resonant inductance L1 and the circuit of the elementary one end of transformer T1 are provided with the current signal sampling ring B of output overcurrent protection module 4a and the current signal sampling ring A of output current limiting protection module 4b, described current signal sampling ring B is the current sampling signal input of output overcurrent protection module 4a, current signal sampling ring A is the current sampling signal input of output current limiting protection module 4b.
In technique scheme, described DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b and comprises diode Z1, diode Z2, output filter capacitor C7, output filter capacitor C8 and output inductor L2, wherein, the positive pole of diode Z1 connects one end of transformer T1 the level of resonance modules 2a, the positive pole of diode Z2 connects the other end of transformer T1 the level of resonance modules 2a, the negative pole of diode Z1 connects the positive pole of diode Z3, the negative pole of diode Z2 connects the negative pole of diode Z1, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode Z1 of output filter capacitor C7, the tap of negative pole connection transformer T1 the level of output filter capacitor C7, the tap of one end connection transformer T1 level of output inductor L2, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode Z1 of output filter capacitor C8, the negative pole of output filter capacitor C8 connects the other end of output inductor L2, the negative pole of described diode Z3 and the other end of output inductor L2 are the output that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b, the two ends of described output filter capacitor C8 are the voltage sampling signal output that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b.Controller 3 pumping signal drives upper and lower two metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 respectively, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 alternate conduction leave certain interval time.When metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 conducting, metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 is in off state, the positive pole that electric current converts rectification filtering module 1d output Vi from AC/DC flows out, through metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, resonant inductance L1, transformer T1 armature winding, resonant capacitance C5, resonant capacitance C6, return the negative pole that AC/DC converts rectification filtering module 1d output Vi, part energy is exported through diode Z1 to secondary by transformer coupled in the process, and another part energy is then stored in resonant inductance L1, resonant capacitance C5, resonant capacitance C6.Transformer T1 primary side current is determined by the resonance of resonant inductance L1, resonant capacitance C5, resonant capacitance C6, sinusoidal variation rule is presented in the LC network that this electric current is formed at above-mentioned device, thus the electric current exported at transformer secondary output also changes in sinusoidal rule, therefore, secondary switching mode rectifier diode is that nature turns off, be operated in Sofe Switch state, the switch spike of output is minimum.There is electric capacity C3 between the drain-source of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, because electric capacity both end voltage can not be suddenlyd change, so metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 is zero voltage turn-off, reduce turn-off power loss.After metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 turns off, metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 can not conducting immediately, because the electric current of inductance can not suddenly change, so the electric current in network continues, by the flowing of former direction, at this moment can form electric capacity C3 and charge under the effect of resonant inductance L1, and electric capacity C4 discharges, until electric capacity C3 both end voltage charges to input voltage, electric capacity C4 is discharged to zero, and metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 parasitic diode is conducting clamp because bearing forward voltage, the both end voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 is zero, and now drive singal makes metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 conducting.Electric current in network commutates after natural zero-crossing, starts reciprocal sinusoidal variation, exports reciprocal sinusoidal current at transformer secondary output, exports through diode Z2.The drain-source of same metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 also has electric capacity C4, and metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 is zero voltage turn-off.Electric current in network continues by flowing in the other direction under the effect of resonant inductance L1, electric capacity C3 discharges, electric capacity C4 charges, when electric capacity C4 both end voltage charges to input voltage value, electric capacity C3 is discharged to zero, metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 parasitic diode conducting clamp, now drive singal makes metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 conducting (zero-pressure conducting), starts next switch periods.The characteristic impedance of LC resonant network determines the peak power output of converter.In fact, due to the coupling of transformer T1, output filter capacitor C7, electric capacity C8, and output inductor L2 is the branch of resonant network, is referred to as multi-resonant.In order to reduce the current stress that single device bears, improve reliability and the technical indicator of circuit, filter capacitor, resonant capacitance adopt the mode of multiple parallel connection.
In technique scheme, as shown in Figure 3, described output overcurrent protection module 4a comprises diode D101 ~ diode D106, resistance R101 ~ resistance R107, electric capacity C201, electric capacity C202, operational amplifier IC1C, operational amplifier IC1D and photoelectrical coupler U1, wherein, the positive pole of described diode D101 connects current signal sampling ring B, the positive pole of diode D103 connects current signal sampling ring B, the negative pole of diode D102 connects the positive pole of diode D101, the negative pole of diode D104 connects the positive pole of diode D103, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D104 of diode D102, the negative pole of diode D101 connects the negative pole of diode D103, resistance R101 and resistance 102 are connected in parallel between the negative pole of diode D103 and the positive pole of diode D104, one end of resistance R103 connects the negative pole of diode D103, the other end of resistance R103 connects one end of electric capacity C201, the other end of electric capacity C201 connects the positive pole of diode D104, the reverse input end of one end concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of resistance R105, the other end of resistance R105 connects the positive pole of diode D104, one end of resistance R105 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply 5 by resistance R104, the other end of one end contact resistance R103 of resistance R106, the other end of resistance R106 connects the positive pole of diode D104, one end of one end contact resistance R106 of electric capacity C202, the other end of electric capacity C202 connects the positive pole of diode D104, the plus earth of diode D104, the in-phase input end of the other end concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of resistance R103, one end of the inverting input contact resistance R105 of operational amplifier IC1D, the inverting input of the output concatenation operation amplifier IC1C of operational amplifier IC1D, the in-phase input end of the reverse input end concatenation operation amplifier IC1C of operational amplifier IC1D, the output of operational amplifier IC1C connects the input of photoelectrical coupler U1, the input meeting photoelectrical coupler U1 also connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply 5 by resistance R107,
The in-phase input end of the negative pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of diode D105, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D106 of diode D105, the inverting input of the positive pole of diode D106 also concatenation operation amplifier IC1C, the signal input part of the correspondence of the negative pole of diode D106 and the equal connection control device 3 of the over-current signal output of photoelectrical coupler U1, the earth terminal ground connection of photoelectrical coupler U1.Output overcurrent protection module 4a makes charger automatic shutdown when overcurrent appears in charger.
During normal work: when charger output current is lower than the overcurrent value set, output current is sampled the voltage obtained, through resistance R103 and resistance R106 dividing potential drop, the in-phase input end voltage of operational amplifier IC1D is lower than reverse voltage (supply power voltage of 12V is through resistance R104 and resistance R105 dividing potential drop), operational amplifier IC1D output low level, does not have signal to deliver to shutdown end (i.e. controller 3).Operational amplifier IC1C exports high level, so there is no over-current signal and exports.
When charger output current is higher than the overcurrent value set, output current is sampled the voltage obtained, through resistance R105 and R106 dividing potential drop, operational amplifier IC1D in-phase input end voltage is higher than anti-phase input terminal voltage, operational amplifier IC1D exports high level, and this high level signal delivers to shutdown port makes charger quit work.Operational amplifier IC1D is once export Gao Ping, this level feeds back to the in-phase end of operational amplifier IC1D through diode D105, and at this moment operational amplifier IC1D in-phase end input terminal voltage is always higher than anti-phase input terminal voltage, and charger is locked, only have and disconnect input, start could unlock again.The output low level of operational amplifier IC1C, photoelectrical coupler U1 sends over-current signal to controller 3.
In technique scheme, as shown in Figure 4, described output current limiting protection module 4b comprises resistance R1 ~ resistance R18, diode D1 ~ D7, electric capacity C101 ~ electric capacity C105, triode Q1, triode Q2, operational amplifier IC1A, wherein, the positive pole of described diode D1 connects current signal sampling ring A, the positive pole of described diode D3 connects current signal sampling ring A, the negative pole of diode D2 connects the positive pole of diode D1, the negative pole of diode D4 connects the positive pole of diode D3, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D4 of diode D2, the negative pole of diode D1 connects the negative pole of diode D3, resistance R1 and resistance R2 is connected in parallel between the negative pole of diode D3 and the positive pole of diode D4, one end of resistance R3 connects the negative pole of diode D3, the other end of one end contact resistance R3 of electric capacity C101, the other end of electric capacity C101 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the base stage of triode Q1 is connected the positive pole of diode D4 with resistance R5 by the resistance R4 of series connection, the collector electrode of triode Q1 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the emitter of triode Q1 connects the negative pole of diode D5, the positive pole of diode D5 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply 5 by resistance R7, the other end of one end contact resistance R3 of resistance R6, the other end of resistance R6 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1A passes through the other end of resistance R9 contact resistance R3, the inverting input of operational amplifier IC1A passes through one end of resistance R10 contact resistance R8, the other end of resistance R8 connects the positive pole of diode D4, one end of resistance R8 connects the negative pole of diode D7, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode D6 of diode D7, the positive pole contact resistance R7 of diode D6,
The base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of electric capacity C102, the base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of resistance R11, the base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of resistance R12, one end of the other end contact resistance R13 of resistance R12, the other end of resistance R13 is all connected the negative pole of electric capacity C104 with the other end of electric capacity C102, the other end of resistance R11 connects the positive pole of electric capacity C104, the positive pole of described electric capacity C104 is connected the voltage signal output end that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b with negative pole, the other end of resistance R13 connects the positive pole of diode D4;
Between the inverting input that resistance R15 and electric capacity C103 connects afterwards and resistance R14 is connected in parallel on operational amplifier IC1A and output, the output of operational amplifier IC1A passes through the base stage of resistance R16 connecting triode Q2, one end of the emitter contact resistance R18 of triode Q2, resistance R17 and electric capacity C105 is parallel with, the signal input part of the collector electrode connection control device 3 of described triode Q2 between the other end of resistance R18 and the base stage of triode Q2.
Above-mentioned output current limiting protection module 4b operating state is divided into the normal power-up stage, current limliting stage and backrush stage, wherein, the normal power-up stage: when charger output current is lower than the cut-off current set, output current is sampled the voltage obtained, through resistance R3 and resistance R6 dividing potential drop, when the voltage of operational amplifier IC1A in-phase input end, lower than the voltage of inverting input, (supply power voltage of 12V is through the conduction voltage drop of diode D6 and diode D7, again through resistance R7 and resistance R8 dividing potential drop), operational amplifier IC1A output low level, triode Q2 ends, output voltage is constant, charger normally works.
The current limliting stage: charger output current reaches the cut-off current of setting, load if continue, output current sampled voltage (through overcurrent signal sampling ring A), through resistance R3 and R6 dividing potential drop, operational amplifier IC1A in-phase input end voltage is higher than anti-phase input terminal voltage, and operational amplifier IC1A exports high level.This level, through resistance R16 and resistance R17 dividing potential drop, is added to the base stage of triode Q2, and make be tie positively biased, triode Q2 starts conducting.Because the emitter of triode Q2 is connected to R18, triode Q2 is operated in amplification region, the collector voltage of triode Q2 reduces, pulse width modulator reference voltage in controller 3 is dragged down, at this moment pulse width modulator reference voltage can lower than output feedack voltage, make pulse width modulator adjust pulsewidth, impel output voltage to reduce, and output current keeps the cut-off current of setting constant.
The backrush stage: load if continue, output voltage can continue to reduce, when reaching the backrush magnitude of voltage of setting, output voltage divides through resistance R11, resistance R4, resistance R5 and is sent to triode Q1 base stage, and when triode Q1 base voltage is lower than the voltage of diode D5 positive pole, triode Q1 starts conducting, diode D5 cathode voltage is dragged down, and then operational amplifier IC1A anti-phase input terminal voltage is dragged down, cut-off current reduces, and charger output current, voltage decline simultaneously.
When output short-circuit, because the reference voltage of pulse width modulator in controller 3 has the PN junction pressure drop of triode Q2 and the pressure drop of resistance R18, and zero can not be pulled low to, so module output voltage can not drop to zero, generally at about 1V.In addition because output voltage is non-vanishing, the pressure drop that the base current of adding triode Q1 is formed on resistance R4 and resistance R5, so triode Q2 base voltage also can not be zero, therefore, output current also can not be zero, generally within 15% of output current rating.After short circuit is removed, charger output voltage can automatically restore to set point.
In technique scheme, as shown in Figure 5, described output over-voltage protection module 4c comprises electric capacity C301 ~ electric capacity C303, resistance R201 ~ resistance R206, diode D201 ~ diode D203, operational amplifier IC1E, operational amplifier IC1F, photoelectrical coupler U101, wherein, the two ends of described electric capacity C301 connect the output filter capacitor C8 two ends that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module 2b, resistance R201 one end connects the anode of electric capacity C301, the resistance R201 other end connects one end of electric capacity C302, the other end of electric capacity C302 connects the negative terminal of electric capacity C301, one end of resistance R202 connects one end of electric capacity C302, the other end of resistance R202 connects the other end of electric capacity C302 by resistance R203, the other end of resistance R202 connects the positive pole of diode D201, the in-phase input end of the negative pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1F of diode D201, one end of the reverse input end contact resistance R205 of operational amplifier IC1F, the other end ground connection of resistance R205, one end of one end contact resistance R205 of electric capacity C303, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C303, the reverse input end of operational amplifier IC1F connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply 5 by resistance R204, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1F connects the negative pole of diode D202, the output of the positive pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1F of diode D202, the inverting input of the output concatenation operation amplifier IC1E of operational amplifier IC1F, the in-phase input end of the inverting input concatenation operation amplifier IC1E of operational amplifier IC1F, the output of operational amplifier IC1E connects the input of photoelectrical coupler U101, the input of photoelectrical coupler U101 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply 5 by resistance R206, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D202 of diode D203, the respective signal input of the negative pole of diode D203 and the equal connection control device 3 of the overvoltage signal output part of photoelectrical coupler U101, the earth terminal ground connection of photoelectrical coupler U101.Output over-voltage protection module 4c makes charger automatic shutdown when overvoltage appears in charger output, can protect power consumption equipment.
Charger output voltage is through resistance R201, R202, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1F is received after R203 electric resistance partial pressure, the 12V reference voltage of accessory power supply 5 is through resistance R204, the inverting input of operational amplifier IC1F is received after resistance R205 dividing potential drop, when charger output exceedes set point, operational amplifier IC1F exports high level, this level feeds back to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1F through diode D202, at this moment the in-phase input end voltage of operational amplifier IC1F is always high than anti-phase input terminal voltage, charger is locked, only have and disconnect input, again start could unlock.The output high level of operational amplifier IC1F is connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier IC1E, makes operational amplifier IC1E output low level, sends over voltage alarm signal to controller 3 by photoelectrical coupler U101.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology, it is characterized in that: it comprises AC/DC converter unit (1), DC/DC converter unit (2), controller (3), charge protection unit (4), accessory power supply (5), wherein, AC/DC converter unit (1) comprises input protection module (1a), input filter module (1b), surge suppression modules (1c), AC/DC conversion rectification filtering module (1d); Described DC/DC converter unit (2) comprises resonance modules (2a), DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b); Charge protection unit (4) comprises output overcurrent protection module (4a), output current limiting protection module (4b), output over-voltage protection module (4c), input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module (4d);
Wherein, the signal output part of described input protection module (1a) connects the input of surge suppression modules (1c) by input filter module (1b), the output of surge suppression modules (1c) connects AC/DC respectively and converts the input of rectification filtering module (1d) and the input of accessory power supply (5), described AC/DC converts the input of output connection resonance modules (2a) of rectification filtering module (1d), and the output of resonance modules (2a) connects the input that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b);
Described accessory power supply (5) gives controller (3), output overcurrent protection module (4a), output current limiting protection module (4b), output over-voltage protection module (4c) and input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module (4d) power supply respectively;
The voltage sample output of described surge suppression modules (1c) connects the sampled signal input of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module (4d), the Surge suppression control signal output of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module (4d) connects the control end of surge suppression modules (1c), the signal input part of triggering signal output connection control device (3) of input overvoltage/undervoltage protection module (4d);
The current sampling signal output of described resonance modules (2a) connects the current sampling signal input of output overcurrent protection module (4a) and output current limiting protection module (4b) respectively, the signal input part of overcurrent protection control signal output connection control device (3) of described output overcurrent protection module (4a), the signal input part of current-limiting protection control signal output connection control device (3) of output current limiting protection module (4b), the voltage sampling signal input of output current limiting protection module (4b) connects the voltage signal output end that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b),
Described DC/DC converts the voltage sampling signal input of voltage sampling signal output connection output over-voltage protection module (4c) of rectification filtering module (2b); the signal input part of overvoltage protection control signal output connection control device (3) of output over-voltage protection module (4c), the control signal output of described controller (3) connects the control signal input of resonance modules (2a).
2. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described resonance modules (2a) comprises metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, metal-oxide-semiconductor S2, resonant inductance L1, transformer T1, resonant capacitance C5, resonant capacitance C6, electric capacity C1 ~ electric capacity C4, wherein, the control signal output of the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 and the grid connection control device (3) of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 connects the output that AC/DC converts rectification filtering module (1d), electric capacity C1 is connected the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 with one end of electric capacity C3, electric capacity C1 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1 with the other end of electric capacity C3, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 connects the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 connects the output that AC/DC converts rectification filtering module (1d), electric capacity C2 is connected the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 with one end of electric capacity C4, electric capacity C2 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 with the other end of electric capacity C4, one end of described resonant inductance L1 connects the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S1, one end that the other end connection transformer T1 of resonant inductance L1 is elementary, the elementary other end of transformer T1 is connected the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor S2 by the resonant capacitance C5 of series connection with resonant capacitance C6, the other end of described resonant inductance L1 and the circuit of the elementary one end of transformer T1 are provided with the current signal sampling ring B of output overcurrent protection module (4a) and the current signal sampling ring A of output current limiting protection module (4b), described current signal sampling ring B is the current sampling signal input of output overcurrent protection module (4a), current signal sampling ring A is the current sampling signal input of output current limiting protection module (4b).
3. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b) and comprises diode Z1 ~ diode Z2, output filter capacitor C7, output filter capacitor C8 and output inductor L2, wherein, the positive pole of diode Z1 connects one end of transformer T1 the level of resonance modules (2a), the positive pole of diode Z2 connects the other end of transformer T1 the level of resonance modules (2a), the negative pole of diode Z1 connects the positive pole of diode Z3, the negative pole of diode Z2 connects the negative pole of diode Z1, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode Z1 of output filter capacitor C7, the tap of negative pole connection transformer T1 the level of output filter capacitor C7, the tap of one end connection transformer T1 level of output inductor L2, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode Z1 of output filter capacitor C8, the negative pole of output filter capacitor C8 connects the other end of output inductor L2, the negative pole of described diode Z3 and the other end of output inductor L2 are the output that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b), the two ends of described output filter capacitor C8 are the voltage sampling signal output that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b).
4. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described output overcurrent protection module (4a) comprises diode D101 ~ diode D106, resistance R101 ~ resistance R107, electric capacity C201, electric capacity C202, operational amplifier IC1C, operational amplifier IC1D and photoelectrical coupler U1, wherein, the positive pole of described diode D101 connects current signal sampling ring B, the positive pole of diode D103 connects current signal sampling ring B, the negative pole of diode D102 connects the positive pole of diode D101, the negative pole of diode D104 connects the positive pole of diode D103, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D104 of diode D102, the negative pole of diode D101 connects the negative pole of diode D103, resistance R101 and resistance 102 are connected in parallel between the negative pole of diode D103 and the positive pole of diode D104, one end of resistance R103 connects the negative pole of diode D103, the other end of resistance R103 connects one end of electric capacity C201, the other end of electric capacity C201 connects the positive pole of diode D104, the inverting input of one end concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of resistance R105, the other end of resistance R105 connects the positive pole of diode D104, one end of resistance R105 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply (5) by resistance R104, the other end of one end contact resistance R103 of resistance R106, the other end of resistance R106 connects the positive pole of diode D104, one end of one end contact resistance R106 of electric capacity C202, the other end of electric capacity C202 connects the positive pole of diode D104, the plus earth of diode D104, the in-phase input end of the other end concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of resistance R103, one end of the inverting input contact resistance R105 of operational amplifier IC1D, the inverting input of the output concatenation operation amplifier IC1C of operational amplifier IC1D, the in-phase input end of the reverse input end concatenation operation amplifier IC1C of operational amplifier IC1D, the output of operational amplifier IC1C connects the input of photoelectrical coupler U1, the input meeting photoelectrical coupler U1 also connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply (5) by resistance R107,
The in-phase input end of the negative pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1D of diode D105, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D106 of diode D105, the inverting input of the positive pole of diode D106 also concatenation operation amplifier IC1C, the signal input part of the negative pole of diode D106 and equal connection control device (3) correspondence of the over-current signal output of photoelectrical coupler U1, the earth terminal ground connection of photoelectrical coupler U1.
5. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described output current limiting protection module (4b) comprises resistance R1 ~ resistance R18, diode D1 ~ D7, electric capacity C101 ~ electric capacity C105, triode Q1, triode Q2, operational amplifier IC1A, wherein, the positive pole of described diode D1 connects current signal sampling ring A, the positive pole of described diode D3 connects current signal sampling ring A, the negative pole of diode D2 connects the positive pole of diode D1, the negative pole of diode D4 connects the positive pole of diode D3, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D4 of diode D2, the negative pole of diode D1 connects the negative pole of diode D3, resistance R1 and resistance R2 is connected in parallel between the negative pole of diode D3 and the positive pole of diode D4, one end of resistance R3 connects the negative pole of diode D3, the other end of one end contact resistance R3 of electric capacity C101, the other end of electric capacity C101 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the base stage of triode Q1 is connected the positive pole of diode D4 with resistance R5 by the resistance R4 of series connection, the collector electrode of triode Q1 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the emitter of triode Q1 connects the negative pole of diode D5, the positive pole of diode D5 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply (5) by resistance R7, the other end of one end contact resistance R3 of resistance R6, the other end of resistance R6 connects the positive pole of diode D4, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1A passes through the other end of resistance R9 contact resistance R3, the inverting input of operational amplifier IC1A passes through one end of resistance R10 contact resistance R8, the other end of resistance R8 connects the positive pole of diode D4, one end of resistance R8 connects the negative pole of diode D7, the negative pole of the cathode connecting diode D6 of diode D7, the positive pole contact resistance R7 of diode D6,
The base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of electric capacity C102, the base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of resistance R11, the base stage of one end connecting triode Q1 of resistance R12, one end of the other end contact resistance R13 of resistance R12, the other end of resistance R13 is all connected the negative pole of electric capacity C104 with the other end of electric capacity C102, the other end of resistance R11 connects the positive pole of electric capacity C104, the positive pole of described electric capacity C104 is connected the voltage signal output end that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b) with negative pole, the other end of resistance R13 connects the positive pole of diode D4;
Between the inverting input that resistance R15 and electric capacity C103 connects afterwards and resistance R14 is connected in parallel on operational amplifier IC1A and output, the output of operational amplifier IC1A passes through the base stage of resistance R16 connecting triode Q2, one end of the emitter contact resistance R18 of triode Q2, resistance R17 and electric capacity C105 is parallel with, the signal input part of the collector electrode connection control device (3) of described triode Q2 between the other end of resistance R18 and the base stage of triode Q2.
6. the intelligent charger based on multi-resonant topology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described output over-voltage protection module (4c) comprises electric capacity C301 ~ electric capacity C303, resistance R201 ~ resistance R206, diode D201 ~ diode D203, operational amplifier IC1E, operational amplifier IC1F, photoelectrical coupler U101, wherein, the two ends of described electric capacity C301 connect the output filter capacitor C8 two ends that DC/DC converts rectification filtering module (2b), resistance R201 one end connects the anode of electric capacity C301, the resistance R201 other end connects one end of electric capacity C302, the other end of electric capacity C302 connects the negative terminal of electric capacity C301, one end of resistance R202 connects one end of electric capacity C302, the other end of resistance R202 connects the other end of electric capacity C302 by resistance R203, the other end of resistance R202 connects the positive pole of diode D201, the in-phase input end of the negative pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1F of diode D201, one end of the reverse input end contact resistance R205 of operational amplifier IC1F, the other end ground connection of resistance R205, one end of one end contact resistance R205 of electric capacity C303, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C303, the reverse input end of operational amplifier IC1F connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply (5) by resistance R204, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier IC1F connects the negative pole of diode D202, the output of the positive pole concatenation operation amplifier IC1F of diode D202, the inverting input of the output concatenation operation amplifier IC1E of operational amplifier IC1F, the in-phase input end of the inverting input concatenation operation amplifier IC1E of operational amplifier IC1F, the output of operational amplifier IC1E connects the input of photoelectrical coupler U101, the input of photoelectrical coupler U101 connects the feeder ear of accessory power supply (5) by resistance R206, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode D202 of diode D203, the negative pole of diode D203 and the overvoltage signal output part of photoelectrical coupler U101 equal connection control device (3) respective signal input, the earth terminal ground connection of photoelectrical coupler U101.
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