CN104794286B - A kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene - Google Patents
A kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene Download PDFInfo
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- CN104794286B CN104794286B CN201510194319.7A CN201510194319A CN104794286B CN 104794286 B CN104794286 B CN 104794286B CN 201510194319 A CN201510194319 A CN 201510194319A CN 104794286 B CN104794286 B CN 104794286B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene.The three-dimensional curve that one has been built is as roller-coaster route, the route closed curve and track closed curve that then structure coincides with roller-coaster route respectively again, and carries out textures on track closed curve and form roller coaster track；Motion calculation is finally carried out, the acceleration and speed of roller-coaster is calculated in real time, roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track.The present invention can form rich and varied roller-coaster experience scene, meet the different demands for experience of user, realize the stimulation experience of long range, variation, feeling of immersion and thrilling track, reliability is high, has stronger technological innovation and advance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of virtual reality and processing method, more particularly to one kind to be used for virtual reality roller-coaster
The track structure and movement calculation method of scene.
Background technology
Virtual reality (Virtual Reality：VR) technology be a kind of all round computer graph technology, multimedia technology,
Sensor technology, human-computer interaction technology, network technology, stereo display technique and emulation technology etc. are a variety of scientific and technical and develop
The computer realm new technology got up.Virtual reality technology produces the virtual generation of a three dimensions by using computer simulation
Boundary, there is provided analogue simulation of the user including the sensory experiences such as vision, the sense of hearing, tactile, allow user as on the spot in person
Typically, the things in three dimensions can be observed in real time, actively, without restriction.
As the important component of virtual reality technology, virtual reality scenario builds technology in related application field
Demand is increasingly urgent.And classic applications scene of the roller-coaster as virtual reality technology, the design of its running route, track textures
The calculating of effect and movement velocity largely determine experience and impression of the user to virtual reality roller-coaster.It is existing
The track for having virtual reality roller-coaster scene builds technical sophistication, is difficult to change after the completion of design, and the calculating of movement velocity is not inconsistent
The physics law of real world is closed, causing the feeling of immersion of user, experience is poor than relatively low.
The content of the invention
The limitation of technology is built for existing virtual reality roller-coaster scene track, it is an object of the invention to provide one
Track structure and movement calculation method of the kind for virtual reality roller-coaster scene, were simulated with the physics law in real world
Roller coaster motion in orbit, so as to bring the stronger feeling of immersion of user.
To realize above-mentioned function, the technical scheme of use comprises the following steps the present invention：
1) then the three-dimensional curve for having built one is built mutually overlapping with roller-coaster route respectively again as roller-coaster route
The route closed curve and track closed curve of conjunction, and carry out textures on track closed curve and form roller coaster track；
2) motion calculation is finally carried out, the physical rules in the real worlds such as gravity, frictional force and centripetal force are real-time
The acceleration and speed of roller-coaster are calculated, roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track.
Route closed curve and track closed curve in the step 1) are Bezier.
Route closed curve in the step 1) is established in the following ways：
1) the Curvy inserter tools in Unity 3D are used, roller-coaster route curvature is big in existing roller-coaster scene
The newly-built CCP in place, curvature refers to greatly roller-coaster, and attitudes vibration is obvious in this place, and curvature refers to that greatly radius of curvature is less than
20m；
2) each CCP is sequentially connected, and first CCP and last CCP is set
Closure is set to, forms closed curve；
3) connected mode between each CCP of above-mentioned closed curve is arranged to Bezier connection, and adjusted
Position, normal direction and the slope of each CCP, make the closed curve be matched with the three-dimensional curve built, form road
Line closed curve.
Track closed curve in the step 1) is established in the following ways and textures：
1) the Spline Blend inserter tools in Unity 3D are used, roller-coaster route is bent in existing roller-coaster scene
The big local newly-built curve mark point of rate, adjust the position of each curve mark point make its with corresponding route closed curve
CCP position is identical, actual i.e. identical with the building mode of the CCP of route closed curve, is in roller-coaster
Newly-built curve mark point at each CCP of route closed curve, adjust the position of each curve mark point make its with it is corresponding
Route closed curve on CCP position it is identical；
2) each curve mark point is sequentially connected, and first curve mark point and last curve mark point is set
Be set to closure and form closed curve, it is Bezier to set the connected mode between each curve mark point, form one with
The track closed curve that roller-coaster route is completely superposed, track closed curve are identical with route closed curve；
3) the track picture drawn is subjected to track textures along track closed curve, obtains roller coaster track.
Described step 2) specifically carries out motion calculation in the following ways：
1) roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track, and roller-coaster optional position point in orbit is calculated by below equation
Acceleration：
Wherein, aTractionThe traction acceleration that dynamical system provides when starting for roller-coaster, after power removal during free-running operation
It is local gravitational acceleration equal to zero, g, θ is the angle at orbital position point between curve near tangent and horizontal plane where roller-coaster,
The coefficients of kinetic friction of the f between track and roller-coaster, v are the speed at orbital position point where roller-coaster, and r is roller-coaster place
Radius of curvature at orbital position point；
2) speed of roller-coaster optional position point in orbit is calculated by below equation：
=v0+a0Δt (2)
Wherein, v0For roller-coaster in scene animation previous frame where speed on track at location point, a0Exist for roller-coaster
Acceleration where during scene animation previous frame on track at location point, interval times of the Δ t between scene animation consecutive frame.
The angle theta value of curve near tangent and horizontal plane is used with lower section at orbital position point where described roller-coaster
Formula：When going up a slope, θ is -90~0 degree of degree, and in descending, θ is 0 degree~90 degree.
Described roller-coaster be upward slope or descending state according to roller-coaster scene animation present frame location point with it is upper
The scene z-axis changes in coordinates of 1 frame position point is judged that the increase of z-axis coordinate represents upward slope state, and z-axis coordinate reduces under expression
Ramp shaped state.
It is just, to refer to when the radius of curvature of curve points to scene z-axis positive direction at orbital position point where described roller-coaster
It is negative during to scene z-axis negative direction.
Orbital position point where described roller-coaster is the point that roller-coaster barycenter is located on route closed curve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention can efficiently complete the building of virtual reality roller-coaster scene route and track, simple and feasible,
And easily result can be modified, reduce the workload of relevant staff.
2nd, the present invention can quickly complete the textures of virtual reality roller-coaster scene track high quality, there is provided it is more fine and
Real virtual reality scenario.
3rd, the present invention can carry out roller-coaster movement velocity calculating in orbit according to the physics law of real world, so as to
Bring the stronger feeling of immersion of user.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for having built three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of roller-coaster route closed curve in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of embodiment roller coaster track closed curve.
Fig. 4 is the track textures that embodiment uses.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that roller-coaster is located at the certain point X on track closed curve in embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the whole virtual reality roller-coaster schematic diagram of a scenario that embodiment is formed based on isolated island castle scene.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention are as follows：
1) roller-coaster highway route design is carried out first, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, according to existing virtual reality
Scene and demand for experience build a three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route (for Bezier), for controlling roller-coaster position
And posture.
The route closed curve to be coincided with roller-coaster route is established in the following ways：In the present embodiment, such as accompanying drawing 2
It is shown, using the Curvy inserter tools in Unity 3D, successively on the three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route that structure is completed
The big local newly-built CCP (the ball mark point on route closed curve as shown in Figure 2) of curvature, wherein, curvature
Referring to roller-coaster greatly, attitudes vibration is obvious in this place, and the radius of curvature of curve is less than 20m；By first CCP and finally
One CCP is arranged to close, and makes the curve of a closing；Curve between each CCP is connected
Mode is arranged to Bezier, and adjusts position, normal direction and the slope of each CCP, curve is moved towards and is bent
The three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route that degree is completed with structure matches.
2) build the track to be coincided with roller-coaster route a closed curve again in the following ways, carry out roller-coaster rail
Road textures：
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, using the Spline Blend inserter tools in Unity 3D, mountain is being crossed
The newly-built curve mark point (cube i.e. shown in Fig. 3 on track closed curve at each CCP of bus or train route line closed curve
Mark point), adjusting the position of each curve mark point makes itself and the CCP position phase on corresponding route closed curve
Together；It is Bezier to set the connected mode between each curve mark point, forms one and is completely superposed with roller-coaster route
Closed curve；Track textures are carried out along the curve using drawn track textures unit (as shown in Figure 4), obtained
Roller coaster track.
3) motion calculation is finally carried out, the physical rules in the real worlds such as gravity, frictional force and centripetal force are real-time
The acceleration and speed of roller-coaster are calculated, roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track.
3.1) moving on rails that roller-coaster is completed in structure, in the present embodiment, roller-coaster is calculated by below equation
The acceleration of optional position in orbit point：
Wherein, aTractionThe traction acceleration 10m/s that dynamical system provides when starting for roller-coaster2, after power removal freely
Equal to zero, g it is local gravitational acceleration 9.8m/s during operation2, θ is curve near tangent and water at the orbital position point of roller-coaster place
The angle of interplanar, the coefficients of kinetic friction 0.2 of the f between track and roller-coaster, v are the speed at orbital position point where roller-coaster
Degree, r are the radius of curvature at orbital position point where roller-coaster；
The angle theta value regulation of curve near tangent and horizontal plane is at orbital position point where roller-coaster, be when going up a slope-
90 degree~0 degree, be 0 degree~90 degree in descending.Roller-coaster be upward slope or descending state according to roller-coaster in scene animation
The scene z-axis changes in coordinates of present frame location point and previous frame location point is judged that the increase of z-axis coordinate is to go up a slope, and z-axis is sat
It is descending that mark, which reduces,.
It is just, to point to scene when the radius of curvature r of curve points to scene z-axis positive direction at orbital position point where roller-coaster
It is negative during z-axis negative direction.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, so that roller-coaster is in the acceleration calculation at point X as an example, mountain is crossed
Car goes up a slope dynamic traveling at point X, and the angle theta of curve near tangent and horizontal plane is 60 degree at point X, bent curvature of a curve at point X
Radius is infinity, and it is 0.53m/s to substitute into formula (1) and acceleration of the roller-coaster at point X is calculated2。
3.2) speed in the present embodiment, put at an arbitrary position by below equation calculating roller-coaster：
V=v0+a0Δt (2)
Wherein, v0For roller-coaster in scene animation previous frame where speed on track at location point, a0Exist for roller-coaster
Acceleration where during scene animation previous frame on track at location point, interval times of the Δ t between scene animation consecutive frame
0.04s。
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, with roller-coaster where point X next frame animation on track location point speed
Exemplified by degree calculates, acceleration of the roller-coaster at point X is 0.53m/s2, the speed at roller-coaster point X is vX(wherein, vXBy crossing mountain
Car is the speed of location point and acceleration calculation are learnt on track where point X previous frame animation), substitute into formula (2) and calculate
To roller-coaster the speed of location point is (v on track where point X next frame animationX+0.0212)m/s。
With reference to existing virtual reality scenario, virtual reality roller-coaster experience scene as shown in Figure 6 is finally given, in figure
It can be seen that roller coaster track closed curve, white ball is the CCP of roller-coaster route closed curve, and roller-coaster is in track
During upper motion, roller-coaster position in orbit is updated according to movement calculation method.
Thus, the present invention efficiently completes the building of virtual reality roller-coaster scene route and track, simple and feasible,
It can easily change, reduce workload compared to existing method；And provide more fine and real virtual reality track and
Real movement velocity calculates, and has prominent significant effect.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
1) then the three-dimensional curve for having built one builds what is coincided with roller-coaster route respectively again as roller-coaster route
Route closed curve and track closed curve, and carry out textures on track closed curve and form roller coaster track；
2) motion calculation is finally carried out, the acceleration and speed of roller-coaster is calculated in real time, roller-coaster is transported on roller coaster track
It is dynamic；
Described step 2) specifically carries out motion calculation in the following ways：
1) roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track, and the acceleration of roller-coaster optional position point in orbit is calculated by below equation
Degree：
Wherein, aTractionThe traction acceleration that dynamical system provides when starting for roller-coaster, it is equal to after power removal during free-running operation
Zero, g are local gravitational acceleration, and θ is that the angle at orbital position point between curve near tangent and horizontal plane, f are where roller-coaster
The coefficient of kinetic friction between track and roller-coaster, v are that the speed at orbital position point, r are in-orbit for roller-coaster where roller-coaster
Radius of curvature at road location point；
2) speed of roller-coaster optional position point in orbit is calculated by below equation：
V=v0+a0Δt (2)
Wherein, v0For roller-coaster in scene animation previous frame where speed on track at location point, a0It is roller-coaster in scene
Acceleration where during animation previous frame on track at location point, interval times of the Δ t between scene animation consecutive frame.
2. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Route closed curve and track closed curve in the step 1) are Bezier.
3. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：Route closed curve in the step 1) is established in the following ways：
1) the Curvy inserter tools in Unity 3D, the big place of roller-coaster route curvature in existing roller-coaster scene are used
Newly-built CCP, curvature refer to that greatly radius of curvature is less than 20m；
2) each CCP is sequentially connected, and first CCP and last CCP is arranged to
Closure, form closed curve；
3) connected mode between each CCP of above-mentioned closed curve is arranged to Bezier connection, and adjusted each
Position, normal direction and the slope of CCP, make the closed curve be matched with the three-dimensional curve built, form route
Closed curve.
4. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Track closed curve in the step 1) is established in the following ways and textures：
1) the Spline Blend inserter tools in Unity 3D are used, roller-coaster route curvature is big in existing roller-coaster scene
Local newly-built curve mark point, curvature refers to that greatly radius of curvature is less than 20m；
2) it is Bezier to set the connected mode between each curve mark point, is formed one completely heavy with roller-coaster route
The track closed curve of conjunction；
3) the track picture drawn is subjected to track textures along track closed curve, obtains roller coaster track.
5. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The angle theta value of curve near tangent and horizontal plane is using following at described roller-coaster place orbital position point
Mode：When going up a slope, θ is -90~0 degree of degree, and in descending, θ is 0 degree~90 degree.
6. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that：Described roller-coaster be upward slope or descending state according to roller-coaster scene animation present frame location point with
The scene z-axis changes in coordinates of previous frame location point is judged.
7. a kind of track structure and movement calculation method for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that：It is when the radius of curvature r of curve points to scene z-axis positive direction at orbital position point where described roller-coaster
Just, it is negative during sensing scene z-axis negative direction.
Based on 8. a kind of track by virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 5~7 is any builds and moved
Calculation method, it is characterised in that：Orbital position point where described roller-coaster is that roller-coaster barycenter is located on route closed curve
Point.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20170102758A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-12 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus and method for providing virtual experience based on interactive actual rail coaster |
| CN106407506B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-08-27 | 中南大学 | A kind of road three-dimensional linear modeling method and system |
| CN106512394B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2020-07-24 | 嘉兴市立特电子科技有限公司 | Virtual reality roller coaster simulation equipment |
| CN106693290B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of Spinning Virtual Wandering System and virtual roaming implementation method |
| CN107704801B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2021-08-06 | 电子科技大学 | Curve lane line detection method based on segmented straight line and segmented Bezier curve |
| CN108108027A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-01 | 福建蓝帽子互动娱乐科技股份有限公司 | Virtual reality method and system based on roller-coaster |
| CN109238273B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-07-02 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Roller coaster motion state monitoring method and device |
| CN115292872B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Roller coaster track defect positioning method, system, medium and equipment |
| CN114742975B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 西南交通大学 | Vehicle-mounted image rail curve modeling method |
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