CN104783931A - 假体 - Google Patents

假体 Download PDF

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CN104783931A
CN104783931A CN201410791892.1A CN201410791892A CN104783931A CN 104783931 A CN104783931 A CN 104783931A CN 201410791892 A CN201410791892 A CN 201410791892A CN 104783931 A CN104783931 A CN 104783931A
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flange
cup
acetabular cup
acetabular
band
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安德鲁·克莱夫·泰勒
迈克尔·安东尼·杜克
乔纳森·罗伯特·托马斯·杰弗斯
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Finsbury Development Ltd
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Finsbury Development Ltd
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34Acetabular cups
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4609Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of acetabular cups
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50Wavelength conversion elements
    • H01L33/501Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/10Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H05B33/00Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30561Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for breakable or frangible
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30667Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30718Means for protecting prosthetic parts, e.g. during operation
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/34Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3412Acetabular cups with pins or protrusions, e.g. non-sharp pins or protrusions projecting from a shell surface
    • A61F2002/3417Acetabular cups with pins or protrusions, e.g. non-sharp pins or protrusions projecting from a shell surface the outer shell having protrusions on meridian lines, e.g. equidistant fins or wings around the equatorial zone
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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Abstract

一种髋臼杯假体,其具有边缘,并且包括绕所述髋臼杯假体的外圆周并邻近所述边缘应用的金属带,所述杯假体还包括一个或多个凸缘,所述一个或多个凸缘从所述金属带延伸,并且被配置使得在使用中所述凸缘或者每一个凸缘均将所述假体连接到压紧帽。

Description

假体
本申请是于2010年6月18日提交的已进入中国国家阶段的PCT专利申请(中国国家申请号为201080027169.6,国际申请号为PCT/GB2010/051013,发明名称“假体”)的分案申请。
本发明涉及假体。更具体地,本发明涉及预先装配的髋臼部件。
髋关节的有效运作对人体的幸福感和移动性至关重要。每个髋关节包括股骨的上部,其终止于半圆头部所覆盖的偏移骨颈,该半圆头部在骨盆的髋臼内旋转。诸如类风湿关节炎和骨关节炎的疾病能导致髋臼的软骨衬里(lining)的侵蚀,使得股骨的球部和髋骨摩擦在一起引起疼痛及进一步侵蚀。骨侵蚀可导致骨头自身试图弥补侵蚀,这样会使得骨头变得畸形。
用人工植入来替换髋关节的手术是公知的而且被广泛实行。通常,髋假体由两个部件形成,即:填塞髋臼的髋臼部件;以及替换股骨头的股骨部件。股骨部件可以是全股骨头置换,在这种情况下该部件包括头部、颈部以及柄部,在使用中柄部被插入已准备的股骨的端部内。可选地,在适当情况下,股骨头部件可以是表面置换假体,一旦被适当加工其可附接至股骨的头部。
在将假体髋臼插入患者骨盆的手术中,外科医生首先使用铰刀在患者的骨盆中切出适当尺寸的腔。接下来将髋臼杯插入腔内。“适当尺寸”意思是由外科医生选定的对那个具体患者最适当的尺寸。一般来说,期望保留尽可能多的原始健康骨表面。
市售的髋臼杯在一定尺寸范围中售卖以适应个别患者的需求。通常,可获得的髋臼杯的尺寸为42mm到62mm的直径,相邻尺寸之间具有2mm增量。
存在许多不同类型的假体髋臼杯。一种类型的杯由聚乙烯制成。其通常被粘合于髋臼内并且仅需要小压力就可将其置于接合剂中。
一种可选类型的杯具有用于与股骨接合的聚乙烯衬垫(liner)单元以及用于插入骨盆腔内的金属壳。这些具有金属壳的杯可以无需接合剂植入,以使其依赖于金属壳与患者髋臼之间的堵塞配合件(jam fit)。然而,在一些设置中,在衬垫被应用到位之前可以使用螺钉将杯壳紧固于骨盆中就位。将金属壳插入骨盆需要相当大的作用力。当外科医生施加这个作用力时,存在金属壳被损坏或变形的风险。还存在这样的可能性,在施加作用力的过程中壳可以移动使得其在髋臼中没有最佳对准。金属壳通常具有支持骨骼随时间在其内生长的外表面或涂覆层。
对于这种类型的假体,在金属壳已放置于髋臼中之后,聚乙烯衬垫单元被折进或拧进该金属壳内。因此衬垫的内表面形成关节窝部分。
最近,陶瓷已被用作塑料衬垫的替代物。在这种设置中,被插入髋臼内的金属壳通常由钛形成并具有与使用聚乙烯衬垫的设置类似的厚度。然后陶瓷衬垫被插入壳内。该衬垫难以精确地在壳内对准。此外,衬垫的这种插入需要施加相当大的作用力,这种作用力通常由外科医生利用棒通过插入工具来施加。通常需要相当大的作用力来获得成功的界面。然而,这种作用力会损坏陶瓷衬垫。
为了得到最佳适配,对插入金属壳和对陶瓷衬垫施加的作用力必须适当但不过量。然而一个问题是至今不知什么作用力适当,也不知确保施加恰当作用力的装置。
外科医生通常能够施加可控量的作用力。一些外科医生在一次击打中可能没有施加足够的作用力,而必须使用多次击打。不可能所有的撞击都在相同角度,也不会每次都施加相同的作用力。其它的外科医生可能施加更大的单次撞击。通过外科医生例如施加在插入工具上的作用力可变化相当大,而且能够达到约3至5kN,还能更高甚至达到约35kN。
虽然很大的作用力仅施加瞬间,数秒或者一秒的若干分之几,但是这种量级的作用力或者多个较小量级的作用力可导致壳插入髋臼时变形。在壳的厚度仅为约1mm到约3mm的那些设置中这是特定的风险。如果壳变形,将衬垫插入会变得困难甚至不可能。
附加地或可选地,衬垫可被不适当地放置于壳中,这会导致各种缺陷。不仅存在位于杯的边缘上方的一部分衬垫能产生刺激点的风险,而且存在例如磨损碎屑的材料可聚集抵靠衬垫的凸起部分或者在衬垫位于边缘下方的区域抵靠杯壁的风险。碎屑的这种积聚会提供手术后感染的地点。即使在装配过程中衬垫被正确定位并且壳没有变形,将假体插入骨盆内时壳也会变形,以使得壳可以在至少一部分假体上从衬垫隔开。
即使外科医生能够将衬垫精确地放置在杯中,仍存在这样的风险,在装配期间碎屑会落到衬垫与杯之间,这将影响假体的耐磨性。与在壳与衬垫之间存在的、包括诸如血或脂肪的流体的碎屑关联的另一个问题是在使用中在活体内存在的碎屑可导致壳和衬垫移动分开。
不希望受到任何特殊理论的约束,应该理解壳与陶瓷衬垫通过摩擦力连在一起,尤其是脂肪物质或血的碎屑能妨碍衬垫的外表面与壳的内表面之间的摩擦界面,以使衬垫存在移动到壳之外的倾向。
可能遇到的另一个问题是将衬垫插入壳中时衬垫会损坏。如果这种损坏是在衬垫的外表面上,即,在壳的表面附近的表面上的碎片或裂缝,那么在装配过程中外科医生可能不会注意它的存在。然而,它的存在将是导致假体不能使用的薄弱点。
已提出的一种方案是提供髋臼杯假体的预先装配单元,其包括:外壳;以及定位于该壳内的陶瓷衬垫。在一种设置中,预先装配单元可以在为使假体的部件的预加应力优化所选定的可控作用力下在活体外预先装配。
这种设置提供了髋臼假体,该髋臼假体减少了衬垫错位的风险并且具有增加的预期寿命,这一点部分通过对压紧到髋臼过程中所引起的损坏增强的抵抗力来产生。预先装配的系统还提供髋臼杯假体,其能在外科手术过程中容易地使用并插入而不损坏髋臼杯假体,并且其将碎屑收集于杯与衬垫之间的风险最小化。
这种预先装配的髋臼杯的示例能在EP 2008619和EP 2008620中找到。虽然本文所描述的设置解决了前述问题,对可选的设置仍存在需求。
在某些设置中,期望提供大体由陶瓷制成的髋臼杯假体。
虽然由陶瓷制成的髋臼杯假体提供了各种优势,但是也有各种缺陷。陶瓷没有足够的强度来经受僵硬地插入。另外,即使陶瓷杯能够无损伤地成功插入骨盆中,由于表面的结构,其具有很少或者几乎没有扭转稳定性。
即使髋臼杯包括薄金属壳,也存在提供额外强度或者额外扭转稳定性的需求。
为了解决这个问题,已建议提供一种髋臼杯假体,其包括髋臼杯,该髋臼杯具有边缘并且包括绕髋臼杯假体的外圆周并邻近所述边缘应用的金属带。
存在绕髋臼杯假体的外圆周并邻近其边缘应用的金属带为假体提供了额外的强度,尤其提供了所需水平的环向压缩(hoop compression)。
在EP 2174621中讨论了这种设置,该专利的全部内容并入本文。
为了允许髋臼杯插入骨盆中,髋臼杯可连接到压紧帽。压紧帽可以与假体预先装配。可以使用任何适当的压紧帽。在EP 2008618中描述了压紧帽的示例,该专利通过引用并入本文。
期望提供用于将压紧帽紧固至假体的适当装置,尤其是髋臼杯假体由陶瓷制成时,特别是其具有EP 2174621中所述的设置时。
根据本发明,提供了一种髋臼杯假体,其具有边缘并且包括绕该髋臼杯假体的外圆周并邻近所述边缘应用的金属带,所述杯假体还包括一个或多个凸缘,所述一个或多个凸缘从该金属带延伸,并且被配置成使得在使用中所述凸缘或者每一个凸缘将该假体连接到压紧帽。
凸缘优选是易碎的,以使得一旦假体被压紧到髋臼内,能够从带上移除凸缘以使凸缘和压紧帽都能被移除。
本发明的髋臼杯可以由任何合适的材料形成。在优选的实施方式中,合适的材料是陶瓷。术语“陶瓷”应该被解释为不仅指真实的陶瓷材料,还指表现类陶瓷性能的其它材料。为了本发明目的的类陶瓷性能是指强度、刚度以及硬度性能都类似于陶瓷的那些性能。合适材料的示例包括玻璃。在一种设置中,可以提供金属壳。
如在EP 2174621中讨论的,本文所描述的假体具有比现有技术中的假体改进的性能。具体来说,所描述的假体具有对破裂增加的抵抗力。尤其当杯是陶瓷杯或者包括陶瓷衬垫时,带的存在将用于为陶瓷施加预应力。这种预应力出现在可控装配过程中。例如现有技术中的那些无应力的陶瓷衬垫在使用中有破裂的倾向。
假体的带优选由金属制成。无论带由什么材料制成,凸缘将优选由金属形成,尽管也可以使用塑料材料。可以使用任何合适的金属,特别优选为钛。还可以使用钴/铬。
带的外表面可设有远离杯延伸的一个或多个肋部。在使用中这些肋部将与骨盆相互作用以提供所需的扭转稳定性。在一种设置中,一个或多个肋部,优选三个肋部可以在绕带的圆周的多个点处定位。在一种设置中,一个或多个肋部,优选三个肋部可以在绕圆周的相等间隔位置处定位,优选三个相等间隔位置。
肋部可以具有任何合适的配置。当存在不只一个肋部时,肋部可以具有相同或不同的配置。在一种设置中,该肋部或者每一个肋部可以是纵向伸展(longitudinal extension)的。
在一种设置中,带可以配置在其外表面上以促进骨整合。在一种设置中,外表面可以涂覆有骨生长促进材料,例如羟磷灰石。
在使用壳的实施方式中,可以在外表面上涂覆有材料以促进骨整合。在一种设置中,外表面可以涂覆有骨生长促进材料,例如羟磷灰石。
尽管不是优选的,在使用壳的情况下,壳可以是钛壳。如果使用钛壳,钛壳具有约1mm到约3mm范围的厚度。
陶瓷杯或陶瓷衬垫可以由具有可接受的生物相容性、硬性以及耐磨性的任何材料形成。适当的陶瓷材料包括氮化硅、掺杂的氮化硅、氧化铝-氧化锆陶瓷、氧化钇、稳定氧化锆、氧化铈、稳定氧化锆、氧化锆陶瓷、氧化铝陶瓷、黑晶或者它们的混合物。陶瓷杯或陶瓷衬垫的厚度优选为约2mm到约5mm的范围。
当带直接被应用到陶瓷杯的外表面时,陶瓷通常被成型于应用带的边缘区域中,以使得当带就位时,假体的外部轮廓(忽略任何肋部或者其它锐利配置)符合于不具有带的陶瓷杯假体的外部轮廓。因此具有带的杯仍具有近似半球形的外部配置。
因此应该理解,带的厚度通常为几毫米。与杯接触的带的表面通常是平整的,而带的外表面可以是弯曲的,同样带的横截面的形状可以为D形。在最厚的点处,带可以具有约1mm到约3mm的厚度。
凸缘可以具有任何合适的尺寸。凸缘的长度通常足以使其能够连接到压紧尺寸。凸缘可以绕杯的整个边缘延伸,或者可以是由此延伸的条或者锯齿部。
带可以通过任何合适的装置应用到髋臼杯上。在一种设置中,其可以被压合在杯上。由于带紧密配合在杯上,压合于杯上可能存在困难。在一种设置中,带可以被加热以允许其恰当适配。在一种设置中,加热可以通过感应加热来进行。感应加热的好处是仅金属带受到影响,而陶瓷杯不会被加热。感应加热可以通过任何合适的装置来进行。压合需要待施加的负荷。所需的负荷可取决于将带加热的温度。在一种设置中,可以加热到约500°C至700°C。在一种设置中,可以使用大约5kN负荷来进行压合。
一旦带已冷却,杯上的带的负荷将通常以最佳方式对杯预加应力,以使得带与杯之间不会发生分离。在这种连接中,应该理解,金属构成的带的环向张力较强,而陶瓷杯的环向压缩较强。本发明的预加应力使得张力得到优化。具体来说,陶瓷中的剩余应力可以被设计为具有使性能优化并且有压缩力的值。此外,贯穿活体内的假体的全部负荷保持两个部件之间的压缩界面。
具有定位于边缘附近的外表面上的带的髋臼杯假体的另一优势是其具有足够的强度,以抵挡在假体插入髋臼的过程中所施加的作用力,而不会损伤、变形或者使带从杯分离。具体来说,令人惊奇的是即使直径缩小,由于杯的边缘处的局部化压缩,假体的球形也可大体上得以维持。
本发明的假体可以设有压紧帽。压紧帽可以与假体预先装配在一起,如共同未决的申请EP 2008618中所描述的那样,该申请通过引用并入本文。在一种设置中,压紧帽被配置使得将假体压紧在髋臼内所施加的作用力被引导通过陶瓷杯,以使穿过金属带的任何打击最小化。
凸缘可以与带整体形成,或者可以与带分离但通过任何合适的装置连接于其上。例如,凸缘可以在带的后面从压紧帽延伸,然后在帽附近的那些凸缘被连接到压紧帽或者连接到压紧帽所附接的部件上。
凸缘可以通过任何合适的装置破碎。在一种设置中,凸缘可以具有带槽口区,当例如通过旋转压紧帽在特定方向上施加作用力时以促进凸缘的破裂。在另一设置中,凸缘可以在其将要断开的区域更薄。无论使用什么设置,重要的是凸缘在适当的方向具有足够强度,在压紧假体的过程中不会断开,而在加紧过程中当在没有使用的方向上施加作用力通常需要时其容易断开。
凸缘通常被配置使得在断裂之后仍附接至带的端部不具有锋利的边缘。在优选的设置中,凸缘将被设计成在断裂之后凸缘剩下的边缘处于陶瓷杯的边缘的下方。这对将可能接触软组织的任何锋利边缘的风险除去或至少最小化有好处。
可以使用任何合适数量的凸缘。在一些设置中,可使用三个凸缘。在可选的设置中,凸缘可以大体上从整个带延伸或者从带的很大一部分延伸。
现在将通过示例的方式参考附图来描述本发明,在附图中:
图1是本发明的髋臼杯假体的一个示例的立体图;
图2是图1中的设置的一部分的近视图;
图3是从图1中的设置的上方看去的视图;
图4是示出导致凸缘断开所需的作用力的方向的图3中设置的示意图;
图5是图4中的设置的示意图;
图6是图示带槽口的设置的凸缘的近视图;
图7是图示拆卸工具从图1中的设置的上方看去的示意图;
图8是从本发明的可选设置的上方看去的视图;
图9是图8中的设置的另一视图;
图10是图8中的设置的示意图;
图11图示了本发明的另一实施方式;
图12图示了在凸缘连接到压紧帽之前的图11中的设置;
图13图示了具有已连接到压紧帽的凸缘的图11中的设置;
图14图示了图13中设置的另一视图;
图15是凸缘被连接时本发明的又一设置的立体图;
图16是凸缘绕带缠绕的图15中的设置的又一视图;
图17图示了连接到压紧帽的凸缘;
图18是具有就位的连接件的图15中的设置的立体图;
图19是图15中设置的部件的示意图;
图20图示了髋部中就位的髋臼杯;
图21是本发明的髋臼杯假体的立体图;
图22是凸缘的一部分的示意图;
图23是又一设置的立体图;
图24是图23中的杯部的一部分的部分侧视图;
图25是用于图23中的设置的压紧帽的剖面的部分侧视图;
图26是在图23中的杯部上就位的压紧帽的部分立体图;以及
图27是图26的设置的又一视图。
如图1所示,本发明的假体1包括杯部2和钛带3,钛带3绕该杯部的外表面并邻近杯部2的边缘4定位。如图5所示,肋部5定位于该带的外表面上,并且被配置成当定位于骨盆中时骨盆中杯部的扭转运动受到抵抗。
压紧帽6通过三个凸缘7连接到假体1。每个凸缘7具有易碎区8,易碎区8是比凸缘7的其余部分更薄的区域以使得当需要时能够断开。这一点在图22中示意性地示出。
每个凸缘7的端部可连接到压紧帽6的突出部9。一旦假体被插入骨盆的髋臼中,帽6便可沿图4和图5中的箭头的方向旋转以使得凸缘断开。如图6所示,可提供槽口10以便于凸缘断开。
如图7所示,可以使用工具11,其将与压紧帽上的突出部相互作用以引起旋转。
图1至图7中所示的凸缘平整地铺设于压紧帽的表面上。然而,如图8至图10中所示,凸缘可以以当经受旋转时将增加凸缘断开能力的方式扭转并附接至压紧帽的中心。
在图11至图14中描述了可选的设置,其中凸缘不附接至压紧帽的中心而是附接至被压紧帽的边缘隔开的突出部。在这种设置中,可以使用连接件12将凸缘保持在突出部上,并且允许与引起旋转以断开凸缘的工具进行相互作用。
在图15至图18的设置中,凸缘不从带延伸。相反,凸缘从压紧帽的中心延伸,在压紧帽的中心凸缘可以在带的后面向外附接至突出部,然后在连接至突出部之前绕带的外表面缠绕。凸缘的各个端部可连接至相同的突出部或者不同的突出部。
如图9所示,完整的设置可以由髋臼杯2、带、凸缘7、由两个部件6a和6b形成的压紧板、以及连接件12形成。
虽然已讨论的本发明与包括杯和带的髋臼杯假体有关,但是应该理解,凸缘设置同样可以与传统的髋臼髋假体结合使用。
在图23至图27中示出了可选的设置。在这种设置中,凸缘7从带3向上延伸。一般来说,凸缘可大体上绕整个圆周延伸,尽管会有不存在凸缘以允许与压紧帽进行相互作用的区域。凸缘可以具有在带3的中心之上的任何设置。可以设有较薄区域30以使得当需要时凸缘能够断开。这一点在图24的部分横截面中示出。在这个实施方式中,压紧帽6可成型以具有凸耳31,当凸耳31在杯中就位时延伸通过不存在凸缘的区域,如图26和图27所示。在这种设置中,压紧帽的旋转将导致凸耳对凸缘施加压力,从而使凸缘断开。

Claims (8)

1. 一种髋臼杯假体(2),包括一个或多个凸缘(7),所述一个或多个凸缘(7)从所述杯假体延伸,并且被配置成使得在使用中所述凸缘或者每一个凸缘将所述杯假体连接到压紧帽(6),其特征在于,所述凸缘是易碎的。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述髋臼杯假体(2)由陶瓷形成。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述髋臼杯假体(2)包括壳和衬垫。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述壳为金属壳。
5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述凸缘由金属形成。
6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述髋臼杯的外表面上设有远离所述杯延伸的一个或多个肋部(5)。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述一个或多个肋部是纵向伸展的。
8. 根据任一前述权利要求所述的髋臼杯假体(2),其特征在于,所述杯假体(2)的外表面涂覆有骨生长促进材料。
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GB (1) GB0910552D0 (zh)
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US8845747B2 (en) 2014-09-30
KR101651857B1 (ko) 2016-08-30
KR20120046172A (ko) 2012-05-09
JP2015091371A (ja) 2015-05-14
AU2010261502B2 (en) 2014-09-04
EP2442754B1 (en) 2013-07-24
GB0910552D0 (en) 2009-07-29
JP5680632B2 (ja) 2015-03-04
ZA201109212B (en) 2013-02-27
EP2684542A1 (en) 2014-01-15
JP6022611B2 (ja) 2016-11-09
US20120150310A1 (en) 2012-06-14
CA2765775A1 (en) 2010-12-23
JP2012529950A (ja) 2012-11-29
WO2010146398A1 (en) 2010-12-23
CN102481193B (zh) 2015-01-28
CN102481193A (zh) 2012-05-30
AU2010261502A1 (en) 2012-01-19
EP2442754A1 (en) 2012-04-25

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