CN104783885A - 下装钉式万向螺钉 - Google Patents

下装钉式万向螺钉 Download PDF

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CN104783885A
CN104783885A CN201510225965.5A CN201510225965A CN104783885A CN 104783885 A CN104783885 A CN 104783885A CN 201510225965 A CN201510225965 A CN 201510225965A CN 104783885 A CN104783885 A CN 104783885A
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screw
ball
bulb
socket
diameter
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谢宁
邬春辉
高亚军
王晗
寇万福
王利君
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Shandong Weigao Orthopedic Materials Co Ltd
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Shandong Weigao Orthopedic Materials Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7074—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
    • A61B17/7076—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling for driving, positioning or assembling spinal clamps or bone anchors specially adapted for spinal fixation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • A61B17/8615—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver at the central region of the screw head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A61B17/8635—Tips of screws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8685—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

一种下装钉式万向螺钉，涉及医疗器械技术领域，包括螺钉座和球头螺钉，螺钉座下部的装配孔内设有相连的下球窝和上球窝，上球窝的直径大于下球窝直径，球头螺钉的球头由下球窝下方的装配孔装配入螺钉座内，下球窝内、球头螺钉的球头下侧设有一侧开口、具有弹性的球形环，球头螺钉的球头与球形环内球面相配合的装配在球形环内，球形环的外球面与下球窝相配合，球头螺钉的球头上部的装配孔内设有压紧球头的定位压环，U形槽两侧的螺钉座内壁上设有内螺纹。本发明结构简单，装配方便，钉体直径大、摆动角度大，球形环与球头螺钉的球头面接触，受力均匀，不易断裂，结构稳固，适用范围宽，尤其适用于髂骨固定手术。

Description

下装钉式万向螺钉
技术领域
本发明涉及骨科手术用医疗器械技术领域，详细讲是一种结构简单、装配方便，钉体直径大、摆动角度大，结构稳固的下装钉式万向螺钉。
背景技术
我们知道，现有的用于脊柱内固定术的万向螺钉常见的为上装钉式万向螺钉，上装钉式万向螺钉的结构：包括螺钉座和球头螺钉，螺钉座上部设有穿设棒的U形槽，螺钉座内设有纵向贯通的安装孔，螺钉座下部的安装孔内设有与球头螺钉的球头相配合半球形球窝，球头螺钉由螺钉座上方经安装孔安装在螺钉座内，球头螺钉的球头与螺钉座下部的半球形球窝相配合，球头螺钉的球头上部的安装孔内设有压紧球头的定位压环，U形槽两侧的螺钉座内壁上设有内螺纹，内螺纹上可以设有螺塞。如国家知识产权局公开的申请号为：201210026316.9、发明创造名称为：一种可微动的万向椎弓根螺钉系统的发明专利专利申请即描述了上述结构的万向螺钉，此种万向螺钉由于上装钉，球头螺钉的球头需要经过球窝上部的安装孔，为了保证整体的强度，安装孔尺寸受限，此时，球头螺钉的球头直径和钉体直径均较小；由于螺钉座下部的球窝与球头螺钉的球头相配合，球窝下侧的孔径较小，球头螺钉的摆动角度小。不适合髂骨等手术需要摆动角度大、钉体直径的场合使用。
国家知识产权局2014年12月17日公开了一种名称为：可变角度的髂骨钉、申请号为：201420383030.0的实用新型专利，该专利虽然公开了下装钉方式，但其仍然存在摆动角度小、钉体直径小的缺点，并且由于骨科手术植入人体的螺钉尺寸较小，公开的这种下装钉结构安装困难，卡圈安装费时、费力, 卡圈与球头螺钉的球头线接触，局部受力大、容易断裂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决上述现有技术的不足，提供一种结构简单，装配方便，钉体直径大、摆动角度大，结构稳固的下装钉式万向螺钉。
本发明解决上述现有技术的不足所采用的技术方案是：
一种下装钉式万向螺钉，包括螺钉座和球头螺钉，螺钉座上部设有穿设棒的U形槽，螺钉座内设有纵向贯通的装配孔，其特征在于螺钉座下部的装配孔内设有相连的下球窝和上球窝，上球窝的直径大于下球窝直径，球头螺钉的球头由下球窝下方的装配孔装配入螺钉座内，下球窝内、球头螺钉的球头下侧设有一侧开口、具有弹性的球形环，球头螺钉的球头与球形环内球面相配合的装配在球形环内，球形环的外球面与下球窝相配合，球头螺钉的球头上方的装配孔内设有压紧球头的定位压环，U形槽两侧的螺钉座内壁上设有内螺纹。
本发明中所述的下球窝下方的装配孔直径不小于球头螺钉的球头直径。
本发明中所述的U形槽处的螺钉座内设有压紧螺塞。
本发明装配，按压球形环、使其直径缩小，由下球窝下方的装配孔装入下球窝内，将球头螺钉的球头由下球窝下方的装配孔装入下球窝内，此时球形环进入上球窝内，继续向上顶动球头螺钉，球头螺钉的球头将球形环撑开、进入上球窝内，球形环位于球头下侧后在自身弹性的作用下收缩、进入下球窝内。球头螺钉承受向下的轴向拉力时，球头只能向下挤压、扩展球形环，球形环不会向上运动，球形环贴紧下球窝时、其下侧开口的直径小于球头直径，球头不能脱出，结构稳固。由于球形环的存在，增大了装配孔下端口的直径，且当球头螺钉摆动时，球形环也会跟随摆动，增大了球头螺钉的摆动角度，或者可以制造大直径钉体的球头螺钉，本发明结构简单，装配方便，钉体直径大、摆动角度大，球形环与球头螺钉的球头面接触，受力均匀，不易断裂，结构稳固，适用范围宽，尤其适用于髂骨固定手术。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的球形环结构示意图。
图3是本发明螺钉座的结构示意图。
图4是本发明球头螺钉摆动时的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1-4所示的下装钉式万向螺钉，包括螺钉座2和球头螺钉，螺钉座2上部设有穿设棒的U形槽，螺钉座内设有纵向贯通的装配孔，螺钉座2下部的装配孔内设有相连的下球窝9和上球窝4，上球窝4的直径大于下球窝9直径，下球窝下方的装配孔直径不小于球头螺钉的球头直径。球头螺钉的球头6由下球窝9下方的装配孔装配入螺钉座2内，下球窝9内、球头螺钉的球头6下侧设有一侧设有开口8、具有弹性的球形环5，球头螺钉的球头6与球形环5内球面相配合的装配在球形环5内，球形环5的外球面与下球窝9相配合，球形环在球头螺钉的带动下在下球窝内转动，且防止球头从下球窝的下端口脱出。球头螺钉的球头上部的装配孔内设有压紧球头的定位压环3，U形槽两侧的螺钉座内壁上设有内螺纹，U形槽处的螺钉座内设有压紧螺塞1。
本发明在装配时，按压球形环5，使其开口8闭合、直径缩小，由下球窝下方的装配孔装入下球窝内，将球头螺钉的球头由下球窝下方的装配孔装入下球窝内，此时球形环进入上球窝内，继续向上顶动球头螺钉，球头螺钉的球头将球形环撑开、进入上球窝内的球形环内，球形环位于球头下侧后在自身弹性的作用下收缩、进入下球窝内，被球头挤压在球头和下球窝内壁之间。球头螺钉承受向下的轴向拉力时，球头只能向下挤压、扩展球形环，球形环不会向上运动，球形环贴紧下球窝时、其下侧开口的直径小于球头直径，球头不能脱出，结构稳固。由于球形环的存在，增大了装配孔下端口的直径，当球头螺钉摆动时，球形环也会跟随摆动，增大了球头螺钉的摆动角度，现有用于医疗的万向螺钉的钉体摆动角度小于50度，本发明的结构钉体7可达到80度，或者可以制造大直径钉体7的球头螺钉，本发明结构简单，装配方便，钉体直径大、摆动角度大，球形环与球头螺钉的球头面接触，受力均匀，不易断裂，结构稳固，适用范围宽，尤其适用于髂骨固定手术。

Claims (3)

1.一种下装钉式万向螺钉，包括螺钉座和球头螺钉，螺钉座上部设有穿设棒的U形槽，螺钉座内设有纵向贯通的装配孔，其特征在于螺钉座下部的装配孔内设有相连的下球窝和上球窝，上球窝的直径大于下球窝直径，球头螺钉的球头由下球窝下方的装配孔装配入螺钉座内，下球窝内、球头螺钉的球头下侧设有一侧开口、具有弹性的球形环，球头螺钉的球头与球形环内球面相配合的装配在球形环内，球形环的外球面与下球窝相配合，球头螺钉的球头上部的装配孔内设有压紧球头的定位压环，U形槽两侧的螺钉座内壁上设有内螺纹。
2.根据权利要求1所述的下装钉式万向螺钉，其特征在于所述的下球窝下方的装配孔直径不小于球头螺钉的球头直径。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的下装钉式万向螺钉，其特征在于所述的U形槽处的螺钉座内设有压紧螺塞。
CN201510225965.5A 2015-05-06 2015-05-06 下装钉式万向螺钉 Pending CN104783885A (zh)

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CN105232131A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2016-01-13 苏州施必牢精密紧固件有限公司 一种锁紧式椎弓根螺钉
CN105496540A (zh) * 2016-01-20 2016-04-20 北京大学深圳医院 具有骨诱导材料涂层的髂骨钉及脊椎固定装置
CN112617993A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-09 北京中安泰华科技有限公司 可旋转大角度颈后路万向钉
CN113171166A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-27 宁波兆盈医疗器械有限公司 一种多用途的椎弓根钉、其制备方法和固定方法
CN113476130A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-08 宁波兆盈医疗器械有限公司 一种融合骨钉

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CN102525635A (zh) * 2010-12-10 2012-07-04 上海微创骨科医疗科技有限公司 一种万向椎弓根螺钉
CN204600652U (zh) * 2015-05-06 2015-09-02 山东威高骨科材料股份有限公司 下装钉式万向螺钉

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CN105232131A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2016-01-13 苏州施必牢精密紧固件有限公司 一种锁紧式椎弓根螺钉
CN105496540A (zh) * 2016-01-20 2016-04-20 北京大学深圳医院 具有骨诱导材料涂层的髂骨钉及脊椎固定装置
CN112617993A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-09 北京中安泰华科技有限公司 可旋转大角度颈后路万向钉
CN113171166A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-27 宁波兆盈医疗器械有限公司 一种多用途的椎弓根钉、其制备方法和固定方法
CN113171166B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-06-14 宁波兆盈医疗器械有限公司 一种多用途的椎弓根钉、其制备方法和固定方法
CN113476130A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-08 宁波兆盈医疗器械有限公司 一种融合骨钉

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