CN104783761B - Hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to orthogonal square wave frequency coding of mammary gland - Google Patents

Hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to orthogonal square wave frequency coding of mammary gland Download PDF

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CN104783761B
CN104783761B CN201510196702.6A CN201510196702A CN104783761B CN 104783761 B CN104783761 B CN 104783761B CN 201510196702 A CN201510196702 A CN 201510196702A CN 104783761 B CN104783761 B CN 104783761B
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monochromatic light
lambda
camera
light source
monochromatic
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CN104783761A (en
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李刚
杨雪
张启蕊
林凌
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Tianjin University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/43—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the reproductive systems
    • A61B5/4306—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the reproductive systems for evaluating the female reproductive systems, e.g. gynaecological evaluations
    • A61B5/4312—Breast evaluation or disorder diagnosis

Abstract

The invention discloses a hyperspectral imaging measurement system of orthogonal square wave frequency coding applied to mammary gland, wherein a group of monochromatic light sources are distributed on one side of mammary gland tissue, and cameras are distributed on the other side of the mammary gland tissue; the monochromatic light sources in the group of monochromatic light sources are densely arranged on a set hemispherical surface and converged into a beam of light by a lens to form the light source; a camera constitutes a light source receiving device; respectively driving each monochromatic light source in a group of monochromatic light sources by adopting orthogonal square waves with different frequencies, wherein each pixel point in an image received by a camera is a monochromatic light combination of each monochromatic light source penetrating through mammary gland; the computer separates the monochromatic light combination to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, and accordingly the transmission hyperspectral imaging of the mammary gland is achieved. The invention realizes high-speed and high-information high-precision measurement of mammary gland transmission hyperspectral image imaging, has the advantages of low cost, convenient application and the like, and is suitable for frequent household self-inspection.

Description

Hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to orthogonal square wave frequency coding of mammary gland
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mammary gland transmission light imaging measurement systems, in particular to a hyperspectral imaging measurement system with orthogonal square wave frequency coding applied to mammary glands.
Background
In the prior art, the inside of an object is imaged through light, particularly the inside of a human body, and the breast transmission imaging light measurement system has the outstanding advantages of no damage, no wound and no radiation, but the breast transmission imaging light measurement system which can be used in families is not used for regular tumor self-inspection so far, and the breast transmission imaging light measurement system has the reasons that the existing breast imaging measurement system is high in cost, complex in operation and limited in precision, and cannot meet the breast self-inspection requirement in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hyperspectral imaging measurement system of orthogonal square wave frequency coding applied to mammary gland, which realizes high-precision measurement of high-speed and large-information mammary gland transmitted light imaging, meets the requirements in practical application, and is described in detail as follows:
an orthogonal square wave frequency encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system for application to the breast, the measurement system comprising: the system comprises a group of monochromatic light sources, a camera and a computer, wherein the computer is externally connected with the camera;
wherein, each monochromatic source in a group of monochromatic sources is densely arranged on a set hemisphere, and is converged into a beam of light by a lens to form a light source; a camera constitutes a light source receiving device;
respectively driving each monochromatic light source in a group of monochromatic light sources by adopting orthogonal square waves with different frequencies, wherein each pixel point in an image received by a camera is a monochromatic light combination of each monochromatic light source penetrating through mammary gland;
the computer separates the monochromatic light combination to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, and accordingly the transmission hyperspectral imaging of the mammary gland is achieved.
The monochromatic light source and the camera are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the breast tissue sample.
The computer separates the monochromatic light combination to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, and the operation of realizing the transmission hyperspectral image imaging of the mammary gland specifically comprises the following steps:
the light emitting diodes with 4 wavelengths are used for explanation, the frequency of the light emitting diode driving orthogonal square wave with the wavelengths of lambda 1 and lambda 2 is 2 times f, the frequency of the light emitting diode driving orthogonal square wave with the wavelengths of lambda 3 and lambda 4 is 1 time f, and the phase difference of the orthogonal square wave with the same driving frequency is 90;
the sampling frequency of the camera is fSAnd f isS2f, sampling in the process that the lambda 1 driving signal changes from low to high;
the operation is performed with every 8 digital signals in sequence as a group, and optical signals with 4 times of wavelengths λ 1, λ 2, λ 3 and λ 4 are obtained respectively.
Wherein the monochromatic light source is a laser diode.
In another embodiment, the monochromatic light source is a monochromatic diode.
In another embodiment, the camera is a mobile phone camera.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device adopts orthogonal square waves with different frequencies to drive the monochromatic light sources, separates photoelectric signals detected by the photosensitive device to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, and further realizes the imaging of the breast tissue sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an orthogonal square wave frequency-encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to mammary glands;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a monochromatic light source, breast tissue and a camera provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a quadrature square wave.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1: a set of monochromatic light sources; 2: a lens;
3: a breast tissue sample; 4: a camera.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Example 1
An orthogonal square wave frequency encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to mammary gland, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the imaging measurement system comprises: a group of n monochromatic light sources 1 (represented by LD, the wavelength of the monochromatic light source is 600-1200nm, the wave band is an optical window, and the penetration depth is deeper) and a camera 4.
Wherein, the specific value of n is related to the sensitivity of the breast sample 3 to different wavelengths, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention); a set of monochromatic light sources 1 is distributed on one side of the breast tissue sample 3, and a camera 4 is distributed on the other side of the breast tissue sample 3.
Wherein each monochromatic light source LD in a group of monochromatic light sources 11…LDnThe light beams are densely arranged on a set hemispherical surface and converged into a beam of light by a lens 2 to form a linear array light source; one camera 4 constitutes a multi-wavelength light source receiving device. The linear array imaging light measuring system further comprises a computer (not shown in the figure) which is externally connected with one camera 4.
Referring to fig. 3, the different frequencies of orthogonal square waves are used to drive the individual monochromatic light sources LD in a set of monochromatic light sources 1 respectivelyiThe camera 4 collects images, and each pixel point is each monochromatic light source LDiCombination of monochromatic light I through a mammary tissue sample 3ij(ii) a Computer for monochromatic light combination IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach of the monochromatic light sources LD iniThe contribution of (a) constitutes a transmission image at each wavelength. The transmitted light imaging measurement of the mammary gland is carried out according to the different optical characteristics of normal tissues, tumor tissues and the like in the mammary gland tissues under various wavelengths, so as to realize the early detection of the tumor.
Wherein, the computer combines the monochromatic light IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach of the monochromatic light sources LD iniThe contributing steps are specifically:
for the sake of simplicity, the light emitting diodes 2 with 4 wavelengths are taken as an example for explanation, and it is assumed that the light emitting diodes 2 with λ 1(D1 light emitting diode) and λ 2(D2 light emitting diode) wavelengths drive orthogonal square wave frequency 2 times f, the light emitting diodes 2 with λ 3(D3 light emitting diode) and λ 4(D4 light emitting diode) wavelengths drive orthogonal square wave frequency 1 times f, respectively, and the driving orthogonal square wave frequency of the light emitting diodes 2 with λ 1 and λ 2 wavelengths are the same but are 90 ° out of phase, and the driving orthogonal square wave frequency of the light emitting diodes 2 with λ 3 and λ 4 wavelengths is the same but 90 ° out of phase.
Assume that the sampling frequency of the camera 4 is fSAnd f isS2f and ensures intermediate sampling at λ 1 drive signal high and low levels.
Digital signal sequence
Figure BDA0000704666800000032
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0000704666800000033
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0000704666800000034
voltage signals at wavelengths lambda 1, lambda 2, lambda 3 and lambda 4 respectively,
Figure BDA0000704666800000035
is a low-frequency signal and comprises: background light, background noise of the camera 4.
Assuming a sampling frequency fSThe amplitude of each path of orthogonal square wave signal and the amplitude of the background light signal can be approximately considered to be unchanged in one period of the lowest driving signal frequency, which is far higher than the change frequency of the modulated orthogonal square wave signal and the background light. Take the first 8 samples as an example:
Figure BDA0000704666800000031
Figure BDA0000704666800000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0000704666800000042
and
Figure BDA0000704666800000043
the amplitudes of the optical signal and the background signal at wavelengths λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, and λ 4, respectively.
In other words, the operation is performed in order every 8 digital signals:
Figure BDA0000704666800000044
i.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength λ 1
Figure BDA00007046668000000413
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure BDA0000704666800000045
The influence of (c).
Figure BDA0000704666800000046
I.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 2
Figure BDA00007046668000000414
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure BDA00007046668000000415
The influence of (c).
Figure BDA0000704666800000047
I.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 3
Figure BDA0000704666800000048
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure BDA0000704666800000049
The influence of (c).
Figure BDA00007046668000000410
I.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 4
Figure BDA00007046668000000411
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure BDA00007046668000000412
The influence of (c).
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Example 2
An orthogonal square wave frequency-encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to mammary gland is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the embodiment takes a laser diode as a monochromatic light source LD1…LDnThe description is given for the sake of example.
Respectively driving each laser diode LD in a group of monochromatic light sources 1 by adopting orthogonal square waves with different frequenciesiEach pixel point in one camera 4 receives each laser diode LDiCombination of monochromatic light I through a mammary tissue sample 3ij(ii) a Computer for monochromatic light combination IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach laser diode LD iniFrom which transmission hyperspectral imaging of the breast tissue sample 3 can be performed.
The computer processing steps in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Example 3
An orthogonal square wave frequency-encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to mammary gland is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the embodiment takes a monochromatic diode as a monochromatic light source LD1…LDnThe description is given for the sake of example.
Driving each monochromatic diode LD in a set of monochromatic light sources 1 with orthogonal square waves of different frequenciesiEach pixel point in one camera 4 receives each monochrome diode LDiCombination of monochromatic light I through a mammary tissue sample 3ij(ii) a Computer for monochromatic light combination IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach of the single color diodes LD in (1)iFrom which transmission hyperspectral imaging of the breast tissue sample 3 can be performed.
The computer processing steps in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Example 4
Milk for milkOrthogonal square wave frequency-encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system for glands, see fig. 1 and 2, and the embodiment takes a laser diode as a monochromatic light source LD1…LDnThe camera of the mobile phone is described as an example of a camera.
Driving each monochromatic diode LD in a set of monochromatic light sources 1 with orthogonal square waves of different frequenciesiEach pixel point in one mobile phone camera 4 receives each laser diode LDiCombination of monochromatic light I through a mammary tissue sample 3ij(ii) a Computer for monochromatic light combination IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach laser diode LD iniFrom which transmission hyperspectral imaging of the breast tissue sample 3 can be performed.
The computer processing steps in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Example 5
An orthogonal square wave frequency-encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system applied to mammary gland is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the embodiment takes a monochromatic diode as a monochromatic light source LD1…LDnThe camera of the mobile phone is described as an example of a camera.
Driving each monochromatic diode LD in a set of monochromatic light sources 1 with orthogonal square waves of different frequenciesiEach pixel point in one mobile phone camera 4 receives each monochrome diode LDiCombination of monochromatic light I through a mammary tissue sample 3ij(ii) a Computer for monochromatic light combination IijThe separation can obtain monochromatic light combination IijEach laser diode LD iniFrom which transmission hyperspectral imaging of the breast tissue sample 3 can be performed.
The computer processing steps in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (1)

1. An orthogonal square wave frequency encoded hyperspectral imaging measurement system for application to the breast, the measurement system comprising: the device comprises a group of monochromatic light sources, a camera and a computer externally connected with the camera, and is characterized in that the group of monochromatic light sources are distributed on one side of the mammary tissue, and the camera is distributed on the other side of the mammary tissue; the wavelength of the monochromatic light source is 600-1200 nm; the hyperspectral imaging measurement system can be used in families and is used for breast self-inspection;
wherein, each monochromatic source in a group of monochromatic sources is densely arranged on a set hemisphere, and is converged into a beam of light by a lens to form a light source; a camera constitutes a light source receiving device;
respectively driving each monochromatic light source in a group of monochromatic light sources by adopting orthogonal square waves with different frequencies, wherein each pixel point in an image received by a camera is a monochromatic light combination of each monochromatic light source penetrating through mammary gland;
the computer separates the monochromatic light combination to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, so as to realize the transmission hyperspectral imaging of the mammary gland;
assuming that the sampling frequency of a camera is fs, and fs is 2f, and ensuring that the high and low levels of a lambda 1 driving signal are sampled in the middle;
digital signal sequence
Figure FFW0000021322880000011
Can be expressed as:
Figure FFW0000021322880000012
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FFW0000021322880000013
and
Figure FFW0000021322880000014
voltage signals at wavelengths lambda 1, lambda 2, lambda 3 and lambda 4 respectively,
Figure FFW0000021322880000015
is a low-frequency signal and comprises: background light and background noise of the camera;
assuming that the sampling frequency fs is much higher than the variation frequency of the modulated quadrature square wave signal and the background light, the amplitude of each path of quadrature square wave signal and the amplitude of the background light signal are approximately considered to be unchanged in one period of the lowest driving signal frequency, taking the first 8 sampling values as an example:
Figure FFW0000021322880000016
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FFW0000021322880000017
and
Figure FFW0000021322880000018
the amplitudes of the optical signal and background signal at wavelengths λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, and λ 4, respectively;
in other words, the operation is performed in order every 8 digital signals:
Figure FFW0000021322880000019
i.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength λ 1
Figure FFW0000021322880000021
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure FFW0000021322880000022
The influence of (a);
Figure FFW0000021322880000023
i.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 2
Figure FFW0000021322880000024
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure FFW0000021322880000025
The influence of (a);
Figure FFW0000021322880000026
i.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 3
Figure FFW0000021322880000027
And completely eliminates background signal
Figure FFW0000021322880000028
The influence of (a);
Figure FFW0000021322880000029
i.e. to obtain an optical signal of 4 times the wavelength lambda 4
Figure FFW00000213228800000210
And completely eliminates background informationNumber (C)
Figure FFW00000213228800000211
The influence of (a);
the monochromatic light source is a laser diode; or, the monochromatic light source is a monochromatic diode;
the monochromatic light source and the camera are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mammary tissue sample;
the computer separates the monochromatic light combination to obtain the contribution of each monochromatic light source in the monochromatic light combination, and the operation of realizing the transmission hyperspectral image imaging of the mammary gland specifically comprises the following steps:
the light emitting diodes with 4 wavelengths are used for explanation, the frequency of the light emitting diode driving orthogonal square wave with the wavelengths of lambda 1 and lambda 2 is 2 times f, the frequency of the light emitting diode driving orthogonal square wave with the wavelengths of lambda 3 and lambda 4 is 1 time f, and the phase difference of the orthogonal square wave with the same driving frequency is 90;
the sampling frequency of the camera is fs, fs is 2f, and sampling is carried out in the process that the lambda 1 driving signal changes from low to high;
calculating by taking 8 digital signals in sequence as a group to respectively obtain optical signals with 4 times of wavelengths lambda 1, lambda 2, lambda 3 and lambda 4;
the camera is a mobile phone camera.
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