CN104774413B - Polymer-based composite material sensing civil engineering structure super-deformation, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polymer-based composite material sensing civil engineering structure super-deformation, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polymer-based composite material sensing civil engineering structure super-deformation, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The polymer-based composite material is prepared from the raw materials of polyacrylamide, montmorillonite, water, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and a carbon-based material. With the adhesiveness of polyacrylamide after absorbing water, montmorillonite is added in polyacrylamide, such that a polymer-based material with adjustable flexibility and large deformation is prepared; and the carbon-based material is doped in the polymer substrate, such that the composite material with good conductivity is prepared. According to the strain-sensing composite material provided by the invention, polymer is adopted as a substrate, and the material is flexible, such that the material can sense the super-deformation of a civil engineering structure. The raw materials needed in the preparation are easy to obtain. The preparation method and needed instrument are easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymer matrix composite of perception deformation and preparation method and application, more particularly to
A kind of polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation and preparation method and application.
Background technology
Civil engineering structure is related to the every aspect of human lives, and the monitoring to structure has great meaning.Building work
Journey structure builds on the ground or in underground, land or water, directly or indirectly for human lives, production, military affairs, Scientific Research Service
Various job facilities, such as house, road, dykes and dams, bridge, power station, airport and protection works.There is substantial amounts of building in recent years
Build, bridge and other communal facilitys cause irremediable great life and economic loss because of structural deterioration if it is possible to
Well to structure monitoring, then just can reduce loss as far as possible.So in order to ensure safety, reduce loss, needing to structure
Damaged deformation be monitored, to reach the purpose just making safeguard procedures before destruction in advance.
Deformation monitoring to structure, staff also does excessive quantifier elimination.It is typically employed in body structure surface and paste strain
Piece or strain gauge, but this kind of method have the shortcomings that high cost and monitoring deformation range little.In recent years, with conductive polymer
Comprehensive development of sub- investigation of materials, staff grinds to its stretching-sensitive, the various and conductive related characteristics such as pressure-sensitive, temperature sensitive
Study carefully.Particularly conductive polymer composites, due to having characteristic and the electric conductivity of macromolecular material, and preparation process is simple, institute
To receive much concern.Finding report concentrates on the stretching-sensitive Journal of Sex Research to conductive silicon rubber at present, and deforms less；But to material of the present invention
The stretching-sensitive research of material have not been reported.
So, if working out the polymer matrix composite that the deformation of civil engineering structure can be produced with perception, by it
It is laid on the deformation of body structure surface monitoring of structures, particularly can perceive the super large deformation of civil engineering structure, and then can be thing
Therefore generation provide early warning, reduce loss.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation polymer matrix composite and
Its preparation method and application, this composite is with polymer as matrix, and this material is flexible, and civil engineering can be tied
The super large deformation of structure is perceived.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation polymer matrix composite, by polyacrylamide, montmorillonite,
Water, methylcellulose, Polyvinylpyrrolidone and carbon-based material are made and are formed, and described carbon-based material includes carbon fiber, carbon nanometer
Pipe and white carbon black, wherein: by quality ratio, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=2～4:10～20:15～25, water: polyacrylamide
Amine: montmorillonite=10:3～4:3～5；The consumption of carbon-based material is the 2.4～3.6% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite gross mass, first
The consumption of base cellulose is the 0.2～0.6% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite gross mass, and the consumption of Polyvinylpyrrolidone is carbon
The 15～25% of nanotube.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned polymer matrix composite, using the caking property after polyacrylamide water suction, at it
The adjustable polymer-based material with large deformation of flexibility prepared by middle filling montmorillonite；Carbon substrate is filled in polymeric matrix
Material prepares the good composite of electric conductivity.Concrete preparation process is as follows:
First, carbon fiber, CNT and the methylcellulose as dispersant and poly- second are added in a certain amount of water
Alkene pyrrolidone, is placed in dispersion 0.5～2 hour in Ultrasonic cell smash, and protects in dispersive process after manual stirring is uniform
Card temperature can not be too high, at 20～30 DEG C about, then is disperseed with ultrasonic cleaner, disperses 20～40 minutes every time,
Carry out second dispersion after 30 minutes, be divided into scattered 4 times；
2nd, add white carbon black in the dispersion liquid obtaining in step one, stirred with agitator for cement mortar, stirring
While being slowly added into the uniform polyacrylamide of mix and montmorillonite, first low rate mixing 3～5 minutes, quickly stirs 5～8 afterwards
Minute, carry out secondary stirring after 24 hours 3～5 minutes, so far each material is uniformly dispersed；
3rd, anode material prepared by step 2 is clogged to mould, dense extrusion.
Above-mentioned polymer matrix composite can deform for monitoring of structures being laid on civil engineering structure surface.
The ultimate principle of the present invention is as follows:
Raw material required for the composite of the preparation present invention is passed through the artificial and work such as machine stirring and ultrasonic disperse
Skill, prepares finely dispersed polymer matrix composite.By the use of the caking property after polyacrylamide water suction as framework,
Wherein fill montmorillonite, by adjusting the flexibility of the proportion adjustment material of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite；Matrix material is mixed
The carbon-based material entering mutually can be overlapped to form conductive network can effectively improve the electric conductivity of material；The anode of present invention research
Material is viscoelastic body, and the extensibility that material can reach before tension failure can reach 100%, i.e. 1,000,000 microstrain；This
The resistance of invention material changes with its extensibility, using this variation relation, the deformation of structure is perceived；And
Reusable property is not had by this material of verification experimental verification.
The present invention gives it is functional relationship between the resistance of material and extensibility, test principle, required various
Raw material and the preparation method of composite.According to proportioning and the preparation technology of each raw material being given in the present invention, final system
The standby super large deformation drawing the composite being capable of perceptual structure deformation, especially can perceiving civil engineering structure.The present invention
Have the advantage that
1st, the composite of the present invention can be by changing polyacrylamide and montmorillonite consumption, and then adjusts material
Flexibility.
2nd, the deformation that the composite of the perception strain of the present invention can perceive can reach 1,000,000 microstrains, in building
What engineering structure field perceived is the super large deformation of structure.
3 The present invention gives a kind of definite relation formula between resistance value of the composite of proportioning and extensibility, whereby
Deformation can be perceived by monitoring resistor.
4th, the every raw material required for preparation of composite is readily available, and the instrument of preparation method and needs is easily real
Existing, so the composite of the present invention is convenient preparing.
5th, by being laid on body structure surface in Practical Project, become by monitoring material resistance change in resistance perceptual structure
Shape, the composite that the present invention provides is the flexible composite that can produce moderate finite deformation, should be different from general strain and pass
Sense material.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is four electrode test schematic diagrams；
Fig. 2 is test result matching.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme is further described, but is not limited thereto, every to this
Inventive technique scheme is modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should cover
In protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment one: present embodiments provide for a kind of polymer matrix of perception civil engineering super large deformation is combined
Material and preparation method thereof, is illustrated one by one to the perception deformation performance and preparation method of composite below.
First, the preparation of composite
In present embodiment, the preparation process of material, the consumption of each material and preparation technology are described as follows:
Water in the raw material that in present embodiment, composite uses: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:3:5, carbon substrate
Carbon fiber in material: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption is polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount
0.4%, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, and the consumption of carbon-based material is polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount
2.8%, concrete operation step:
(1) carbon fiber 0.265g, CNT 1.326g and methylcellulose 0.48g and poly- second are added in 150g water
Alkene pyrrolidone 0.265g, wherein carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, manual stirring 3 minutes；It is placed in super after stirring
Dispersion 1 hour in sound wave cell pulverization instrument, then with ultrasonic washing instrument dispersion, dispersion 30 minutes every time, interval 30 minutes is laggard
Row disperses for second, is divided into scattered 4 times, i.e. 2 hours；
(2) add white carbon black 1.768g in the dispersion liquid obtaining in step (1), stirred 3 minutes with agitator for cement mortar；
Stir while being slowly added into mix uniform polyacrylamide 45g and montmorillonite 75g, (paddle revolves round the sun first at a slow speed
65r/min) stir 4 minutes, quick afterwards (paddle revolution 125r/min) stirring 6 minutes, carry out secondary stirring after 24 hours, slowly
Speed (paddle revolve round the sun 65r/min) stirring 4 minutes, so far each material be uniformly dispersed；
(3) complete the composite anode materials prepared according to step (1) and step (2), be sealed against preserving, according to test need
The difference wanting mould clogs the anode material of above-mentioned preparation to mould, dense extrusion.
2nd, composite perception deformation performance
The polymer matrix composite of the present invention utilizes the relation of resistance value and stretcher strain, makes material have perception building
The effect of engineering structure super large deformation.It is water: polyacrylamide that the present invention provides a kind of proportioning by test: montmorillonite joins=10:
3:5, carbon-based material consumption is the relation between 2.8% resistance value of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount and extensibility.Specifically
Test uses resistance under given tensile elongation for the four electrode method test material, draws material by data processing
Resistance is with the variation relation of extensibility.
The four electrode test principles that the present invention adopts are shown in Fig. 1, and the size of four electrode samples is in figure dimensioning, using adopting
Two channel acquisition of truck, passage collection in parallel with reference resistor its voltage u1, another passage is with middle two electrodes simultaneously
Connection collection both end voltage u2, then can get the resistance of part test specimen to be measured using formula r2=u2r1/u1.To test specimen in test
Stretching step-length be 2mm, always extension test be eventually pulled completely to test specimen disconnected.Power supply in the present invention adopts constant current, in order to reduce
The value of current of polarization should be tried one's best little it is ensured that capture card can collect adopts electric current in numerical value, this test for 0.001a.
In Fig. 2, curve represents the test result of 3 samples respectively, and in figure obtains to data matching for the present invention compared with bold curve
Standard curve, according to standard curve can learn between the resistance of material of the present invention and extensibility exist relation be: y=
197.99817+0.09308 × exp (8.63158 × x), wherein y represent resistance, and x represents extensibility.
Specific embodiment two: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one, water: polyacrylamide: cover de-
Stone=10:3:4, carbon fiber in carbon-based material: CNT: white carbon black=2:10:25, methylcellulose consumption be polyacrylamide and
The 0.3% of montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 18% of CNT, and the consumption of carbon-based material is polyacrylamide
With montmorillonite total amount 2.6%.
Specific embodiment three: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one, water: polyacrylamide: cover de-
Stone=10:4:3, carbon fiber in carbon-based material: CNT: white carbon black=4:20:15, methylcellulose consumption be polyacrylamide and
The 0.5% of montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 22% of CNT, and the consumption of carbon-based material is polyacrylamide
With montmorillonite total amount 3.2%.
Specific embodiment four: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one, water: polyacrylamide: cover de-
Stone=10:4:4, carbon fiber in carbon-based material: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption be polyacrylamide and
The 0.4% of montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, and the consumption of carbon-based material is polyacrylamide
With montmorillonite total amount 2.8%.
Specific embodiment five: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one, water: polyacrylamide: cover de-
Stone=10:4:5, carbon fiber in carbon-based material: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption be polyacrylamide and
The 0.4% of montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, and the consumption of carbon-based material is polyacrylamide
With montmorillonite total amount 2.8%.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation is it is characterised in that described polymer matrix is multiple
Condensation material is made up of polyacrylamide, montmorillonite, water, methylcellulose, Polyvinylpyrrolidone and carbon-based material and is formed, described
Carbon-based material includes carbon fiber, CNT and white carbon black, wherein: by quality ratio, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=2～4:
10～20:15～25, water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:3～4:3～5；The consumption of carbon-based material be polyacrylamide and
The 2.4～3.6% of montmorillonite gross mass, the consumption of methylcellulose be polyacrylamide and montmorillonite gross mass 0.2～
0.6%, the consumption of Polyvinylpyrrolidone is the 15～25% of CNT.
2. the polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:3:5, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption
For the 0.4% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, the use of carbon-based material
Measure 2.8% for polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount.
3. the polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:3:4, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=2:10:25, methylcellulose consumption
For the 0.3% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 18% of CNT, the use of carbon-based material
Measure 2.6% for polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount.
4. the polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:4:3, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=4:20:15, methylcellulose consumption
For the 0.5% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 22% of CNT, the use of carbon-based material
Measure 3.2% for polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount.
5. the polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:4:4, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption
For the 0.4% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, the use of carbon-based material
Measure 2.8% for polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount.
6. the polymer matrix composite of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described water: polyacrylamide: montmorillonite=10:4:5, carbon fiber: CNT: white carbon black=3:15:20, methylcellulose consumption
For the 0.4% of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount, Polyvinylpyrrolidone consumption is the 20% of CNT, the use of carbon-based material
Measure 2.8% for polyacrylamide and montmorillonite total amount.
7. the polymer matrix composite wood of perception civil engineering structure super large deformation described in a kind of claim 1-6 any claim
The preparation method of material is it is characterised in that methods described step is as follows:
First, carbon fiber, CNT and the methylcellulose as dispersant and polyethylene pyrrole are added in a certain amount of water
Pyrrolidone, is placed in dispersion 0.5～2 hour in Ultrasonic cell smash after manual stirring is uniform, and ensures temperature in dispersive process
Degree can not be too high, at 20～30 DEG C, then is disperseed with ultrasonic cleaner, disperses 20～40 minutes every time, is spaced 30 minutes
After carry out second dispersion, be divided into scattered 4 times；
2nd, add white carbon black in the dispersion liquid obtaining in step one, stirred with agitator for cement mortar, stir
It is slowly added into the uniform polyacrylamide of mix and montmorillonite, first low rate mixing 3～5 minutes, quickly stir 5～8 minutes afterwards,
Carry out secondary stirring 3～5 minutes, so far each material is uniformly dispersed after 24 hours；
3rd, anode material prepared by step 2 is clogged to mould, dense extrusion.
8. polymer matrix composite described in claim 1-6 any claim is laid on civil engineering structure surface and is used for supervising
Geodesic structure deforms.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101418107A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-29 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Nano graphite high conductivity composite material and preparation method |
| CN101805491A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-08-18 | 龙海市奈特化工有限责任公司 | Composite material with electromagnetic shielding effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN102827317A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-12-19 | 淮阴工学院 | Attapulgite/polyacrylamide composite thickening agent and preparation method |
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| KR101183696B1 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-09-14 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Carbon material-polymer composite for shielding and absorption of electromagnetic wave and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101418107A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-29 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Nano graphite high conductivity composite material and preparation method |
| CN101805491A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-08-18 | 龙海市奈特化工有限责任公司 | Composite material with electromagnetic shielding effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN102827317A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-12-19 | 淮阴工学院 | Attapulgite/polyacrylamide composite thickening agent and preparation method |
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