CN104774093A - pH-stable water-soluble liquid fertilizer and application thereof - Google Patents
pH-stable water-soluble liquid fertilizer and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774093A CN104774093A CN201510151597.4A CN201510151597A CN104774093A CN 104774093 A CN104774093 A CN 104774093A CN 201510151597 A CN201510151597 A CN 201510151597A CN 104774093 A CN104774093 A CN 104774093A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pH-stable water-soluble liquid fertilizer which is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 1-8% of potassium nitrate, 1-10% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-3% of urea, 0.1-3% of potassium sulfate, 0.1-1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5% of MES and 69-96.3% of water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the pH-stable water-soluble liquid fertilizer. The invention also discloses application of the pH-stable water-soluble liquid fertilizer in the aspect of plant growth. The pH-stable multielement water-soluble liquid fertilizer can be used in many aspects, and is especially designed for different culture media, including peat, rock wool and expanded clay granules as well as all continuous liquid feed growth systems, such as systems based on aeroponics, drip irrigation, emitters, nutrient solution membrane technique and deepwater culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, the liquid water-soluble that specifically a kind of pH is stable is fertile and its preparation method and application, and this fertilizer is applicable to vegetables, melon and fruit and food crop.
Background technology
China is a lack of water large agricultural country, existing arable land 13,000 hundred million m
2, farmland under irrigation accounts for 56% of total cultivated area.According to China's development of water saving irrigation planning, expect the year two thousand thirty, China's population will reach 1,600,000,000, required grain about more than 8,000 hundred million kg, and than current increase more than 2,500 hundred million kg, for this reason, agricultural irrigation area at least should reach 733,300,000,000 m
2above.But in recent decades, liquid manure resource consumption, serious waste phenomenon in China's agriculture production, the problem of liquid manure resource scarcity is must needing of development characteristic sustainable agriculture along with China's agricultural development more and more highlights water saving joint fertilizer.At present, the water soluble fertilizer solid type in Chinese market is more, and liquid-type is less, the pointed stronger feature of liquid-type water soluble fertilizer, more should focus on the development of liquid-type water soluble fertilizer for the present situation that water resources shortage obstacle soil is more.
The fertile composition of liquid water-soluble is in the market single, production technique falls behind, poor product quality; Inadequate to the research of production and utilisation technology, promotion nutrition absorption, the effective constituent concentration that improves, increase system stability etc.; Lack the development research to sequestrant, tensio-active agent, novel cpd, functional substance and application.And product category is more, levels of audit quality is uneven, and counterfeit and shoddy goods are more, and product also lacks specification.The price of water soluble fertilizer is 5 ~ 10 times of common fertilizer in the market, and vast farmers is difficult to bear economically, applies difficulty large.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for above-mentioned defect, first technical problem to be solved by this invention there is provided the stable Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer of a kind of pH, formula rationally, use simple, comprehensive nutrition and with low cost.The present invention only needs to be blended into appropriate water as requested and can use, and aims at and has different hydroponic culture medium and design.Do not pollute environment, this liquid water-soluble is fertile to be existed with ionic condition, and inclusion-free, can be directly absorbed by crops, Be very effective.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention there is provided the preparation method of the stable Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer of above-mentioned pH, and method is simple to operation.
3rd technical problem to be solved by this invention there is provided the application of the stable Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer of above-mentioned pH.
Technical scheme: in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the invention provides the stable liquid water-soluble of a kind of pH fertile, composed of the following components by mass percentage: saltpetre 1%-8%, potassium primary phosphate 1%-10%, urea 0.5%-3%, potassium sulfate 0.1%-3%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.1%-1%, MES (anhydrous morpholino b acid) 1-5%, water 69%-96.3%, the mass percent summation of described each component is 100%.
Further, composed of the following components by mass percentage: saltpetre 3.5%, potassium primary phosphate 5.5%, urea 1.5%, potassium sulfate 1%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.5%, MES3%, water 85%.
Further, described fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o≤80g/L.
Further, fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o optimized scope is 92.3g/L ~ 119.8g/L.
The preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer that above-mentioned a kind of pH is stable, comprise the following steps: water and urea to be added in reactor stirring at normal temperature to after dissolving completely by said ratio, add saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate again, after continuation stirring at normal temperature to solid matter all dissolves, add MES, after stirring and dissolving and get final product.
The present invention can reach stable pH value effect by adding appropriate MES.MES is used for biological growth as acid-base buffer agent, provides buffer value to be: 5.5-6.7.The feature of MES is: pH 1, can be made to be stabilized in 6 ~ 8; 2, soluble in waterly organic solvent is slightly soluble in; 3, microbial film can not be passed; 4, minimum salt effect is produced; 5, the ion that the component of MES, temperature and buffer reagent dissociate in medium does not affect by other; 6, MES and positively charged ion form title complex and should dissolve and know its coordination constant; 7, MES is more stable; 8, they at visible ray and ultraviolet region without absorption peak; 9, MES is easy to synthesis, and cost is low and easily purify.
The present invention also comprises the fertile application in plant growing of the stable liquid water-soluble of a kind of pH.
The liquid water-soluble fertilizer that the present invention also comprises a kind of pH stable has the application in different cultivation medium.
Further, described cultivation medium comprises water planting medium, earth culture medium and nutrient film.
Further, the application process of this liquid water-soluble fertilizer has the mode of water planting mode, earth culture mode and foliage spray.
Further, described earth culture medium comprises one or more in peat soil, rock wool, swelling clay, coconut palm chaff, peanut press pulp, plant ash, perlite particle.
Further, this water planting mode can adopt continuous print liquid feeding growing system.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristic and advantage:
1) in conventional water-soluble fertilizer, chemical compound lot all has dependency to pH value, and pH directly may affect the nutrient in plant absorption fertilizer.The pH value of plant culture can reduce along with the prolongation of material incubation time, maximumly declines 1.5, and this is because plant is in process of growth, constantly discharges various root exudates to substratum, and these root exudates all may change Medium's PH Value.The Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that pH of the present invention is stable can use in diversification, the present invention aims at have different hydroponic culture medium and design, comprise peat, rock wool and swelling clay particle, and all continuous print liquid feeding growing systems, as the use of aeroponics, drip irrigation and projector, nutrient film techinique, deep water culture system.
2) preparation method's technological specification of the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that pH of the present invention is stable, simple to operate, easy to use, no pollution.Preparation method of the present invention is without the need to special instrument and equipment, simple to operate.Use Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer prepared by this preparation method, cheap, solvability good, noresidue in soil, easy to use, effectively can control soil pH value, contribute to plant growth, high yield and improve fruit quality.This fertilizer only need require directly to use according to explanation.Fertilizer prepared by the present invention exists with ionic state, inclusion-free, and therefore directly can be absorbed by crop, utilization ratio is high, pollution-free.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further described; it should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that embodiment 1:pH is stable
The liquid water-soluble that a kind of pH is stable is fertile, weight percent proportioning: saltpetre 3.5%, potassium primary phosphate 5.5%, urea 1.5%, potassium sulfate 1%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.5%, MES 3%, water 85%.
This fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o=92.3g/L.
The concrete preparation method that 10L prepared by above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:
Calculate: according to above-mentioned optimum proportioning weight percent, calculate the quality of required component;
Weigh: accurately take each component, if component raw material contains bulk or particulate state, must be pulverized;
Dissolve: the tap water of Nanjing City Area and urea are added in reactor by above-mentioned weight percent, after stirring at normal temperature is extremely dissolved completely, add saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate again, after continuation stirring at normal temperature to solid matter all dissolves, add MES, after stirring and dissolving, namely obtain the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that a kind of pH prepared by the present invention is stable.
The preparation of the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that embodiment 2:pH is stable
The liquid water-soluble that a kind of pH is stable is fertile, weight percent proportioning: saltpetre 1%, potassium primary phosphate 10%, urea 3%, potassium sulfate 0.1%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.1%, MES 5%, water 80.8%.
This fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o=119.8g/L.
The concrete preparation method that 10L prepared by above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:
Calculate: according to above-mentioned optimum proportioning weight percent, calculate the quality of required component;
Weigh: accurately take each component, if component raw material contains bulk or particulate state, must be pulverized;
Dissolve: the tap water of Nanjing City Area and urea are added in reactor by above-mentioned weight percent, after stirring at normal temperature is extremely dissolved completely, add saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate again, after continuation stirring at normal temperature to solid matter all dissolves, add MES, after stirring and dissolving, namely obtain the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that a kind of pH prepared by the present invention is stable.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that pH is stable
The liquid water-soluble that a kind of pH is stable is fertile, weight percent optimum proportioning: saltpetre 8%, potassium primary phosphate 1%, urea 0.5%, potassium sulfate 3%, primary ammonium phosphate 1%, MES 1%, water 85.5%.
This fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o=100.6g/L.
The concrete preparation method that 10L prepared by above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:
Calculate: according to above-mentioned optimum proportioning weight percent, calculate the quality of required component;
Weigh: accurately take each component, if component raw material contains bulk or particulate state, must be pulverized;
Dissolve: the tap water of Nanjing City Area and urea are added in reactor by above-mentioned weight percent, after stirring at normal temperature is extremely dissolved completely, add saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate again, after continuation stirring at normal temperature to solid matter all dissolves, add MES, after stirring and dissolving, namely obtain the Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer that a kind of pH prepared by the present invention is stable.
The using method of the fertilizer of embodiment 4 embodiment 1 ~ 3 preparation
Fertilizer of the present invention was by the optimum range that makes the pH of nutritive medium remain on to make nutrient stabilizing take in one week.In order to reach best effect, we advise the water using reverse osmosis (RO) water or water level up to about 100ppm (EC160 μ S/cm).This invention aims at have different cultivation medium and design, and comprises peat, rock wool and swelling clay particle, and all continuous print liquid feeding growing systems, as aeroponics, and drip irrigation and projector, nutrient film techinique, and the use of deep water culture system.Plant uses 4ml/L at stage of growth per week, uses 1ml/L for per week when cutting and seed.
Embodiment 5
The specific experiment example of nutrient film techinique:
Fertilizer of the present invention is mainly containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur four factor, and the MES effect wherein added is remarkable.This fertilizer is grown Promoting plant growth, stablize pH value needed for plant-growth, strengthen photosynthesis, improve disease resistance of plant obvious effect.In order to verify the effect of Multi-element water-soluble liquid fertilizer on plant that pH prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 3 is stable, elite copper coin grass of selecting carries out corresponding test as experimental subjects to this, and test concrete operations are as follows:
1, materials and methods
1.1 test design
By the copper coin grass bought from florist's shop, 60 close strain equivalent of blade face size are selected to be divided into three parts, be placed in respectively and the container of 1L through the tap water of more than aeration 24h is housed, be labeled as A, B, C, in A and B, per week one adds the water soluble fertilizer that 4mL embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 configures, and in illumination cultivation room, (26 DEG C, periodicity of illumination: 12h/12h) cultivated for 3 weeks.
1.2 testing datas measure
1.2.1 medium pH value measures
With pH meter, nutrient solution pH initial value is adjusted to 6.8, after copper coin grass cultivates 2 weeks, measure pH value of water solution.
1.2.2 moisture determination
Leaf water content is measured with plum Teller-Tuo Li moisture content tester.
1.2.3 measuring chlorophyll content
Adopt the method such as Li Hesheng measure (Li Hesheng etc. plant physiology and biochemistry experimental principle and technology): with 95% extraction using alcohol, centrifugal, filter, constant volume.Filtrate measures the absorbance value of 665nm and 649nm respectively with ultraviolet spectrophotometer, calculates chlorophyll a, b content.
1.2.4 phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) determination of activity
Extract recipe: 5gPVP, 35 μ l mercaptoethanols, are settled to 100mL with 0.1mol/L borate buffer (pH8.8).Blade 0.5mL extracting solution grinds to form homogenate, the centrifugal 10min of 10000r/min, and supernatant constant volume, is enzyme liquid.Get pH8.8 borate buffer 0.5mL, 0.02mol/L phenylalanine 0.25mL, enzyme liquid 0.25mL, blank replaces with extracting solution.30 DEG C of insulation 1h, measure 290nm light absorption value, every milligram of protein per minute makes OD290 increase to 1U.
1.2.5 peroxidase (POD) determination of activity
Adopt the method for Zhang Zhiliang etc. measure POD activity (Zhang Zhiliang etc. plant physiology experiment instructs (third edition)).Causing absorption value (OD) to change 1 with per minute every gram sample is an activity unit.
2, results and analysis
The experimental result of fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1: table 1
The experimental result of fertilizer prepared by embodiment 2: table 2
The experimental result of fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3: table 3
3, sum up
Water soluble fertilizer prepared by the present invention can Promoting plant growth, stablize pH, strengthen photosynthesis, improve disease resistance.By above-mentioned testing and verification, provide theoretical foundation for wideling popularize this fertilizer.
Embodiment 6: the result of use of fertilizer under earth culture medium prepared by embodiment 3
Materials and methods
5.1 test design
By the copper coin grass bought from florist's shop, 60 close strain equivalent of blade face size are selected to be divided into three parts, be placed in plant nutrition soil (the organic loam in Sheng Lv garden: main component coconut palm chaff, peat soil, peanut press pulp, plant ash, the perlite etc.) flowerpot that equal quality is housed respectively, be labeled as A, B, C, in A and B, the per week set time adds the water soluble fertilizer of 4mL embodiment 3 configuration in Nutrition Soil, and in illumination cultivation room, (26 DEG C, periodicity of illumination: 12h/12h) cultivated for 3 weeks.
5.2 testing datas measure
5.2.1 medium pH value measures
With pH meter, nutrient solution pH initial value is adjusted to 6.8, after copper coin grass cultivates 2 weeks, measure pH value of water solution.
5.2.2 moisture determination
Leaf water content is measured with plum Teller-Tuo Li moisture content tester.
5.2.3 measuring chlorophyll content
Adopt the method such as Li Hesheng measure (Li Hesheng etc. plant physiology and biochemistry experimental principle and technology): with 95% extraction using alcohol, centrifugal, filter, constant volume.Filtrate measures the absorbance value of 665nm and 649nm respectively with ultraviolet spectrophotometer, calculates chlorophyll a, b content.
5.2.4 phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) determination of activity
Extract recipe: 5gPVP, 35 μ l mercaptoethanols, are settled to 100mL with 0.1mol/L borate buffer (pH8.8).Blade 0.5mL extracting solution grinds to form homogenate, the centrifugal 10min of 10000r/min, and supernatant constant volume, is enzyme liquid.Get pH8.8 borate buffer 0.5mL, 0.02mol/L phenylalanine 0.25mL, enzyme liquid 0.25mL, blank replaces with extracting solution.30 DEG C of insulation 1h, measure 290nm light absorption value, every milligram of protein per minute makes OD290 increase to 1U.
5.2.5 peroxidase (POD) determination of activity
Adopt the method for Zhang Zhiliang etc. measure POD activity (Zhang Zhiliang etc. plant physiology experiment instructs (third edition)).Causing absorption value (OD) to change 1 with per minute every gram sample is an activity unit.
5.3 results and analysis
The result of use of fertilizer under earth culture medium prepared by embodiment 3:
Table 4
5.4 sum up
Water soluble fertilizer prepared by the present invention can Promoting plant growth, stablize pH, strengthen photosynthesis, improve disease resistance.By above-mentioned testing and verification, provide theoretical foundation for wideling popularize this fertilizer.
Fertilizer prepared by embodiment 7 embodiment of the present invention 3 carries out the experimental verification under the mode of foliage spray
Materials and methods
6.1 test design
By the copper coin grass bought from florist's shop, 60 close strain equivalent of blade face size are selected to be divided into three parts, be placed in plant nutrition soil (the organic loam in Sheng Lv garden: main component coconut palm chaff, peat soil, peanut press pulp, plant ash, the perlite etc.) flowerpot that equal quality is housed respectively, be labeled as A, B, C, in A and B, the per week set time sprays the water soluble fertilizer of 4mL (graduated cylinder quantitative sampling) embodiment 3 configuration in copper coin grass liquid level with the little spray bottle that supermarket is bought, and in illumination cultivation room, (26 DEG C, periodicity of illumination: 12h/12h) cultivated for 3 weeks.
6.2 testing datas measure
6.2.1 medium pH value measures
With pH meter, nutrient solution pH initial value is adjusted to 6.8, after copper coin grass cultivates 2 weeks, measure pH value of water solution.
6.2.2 moisture determination
Leaf water content is measured with plum Teller-Tuo Li moisture content tester.
6.2.3 measuring chlorophyll content
Adopt the method such as Li Hesheng measure (Li Hesheng etc. plant physiology and biochemistry experimental principle and technology): with 95% extraction using alcohol, centrifugal, filter, constant volume.Filtrate measures the absorbance value of 665nm and 649nm respectively with ultraviolet spectrophotometer, calculates chlorophyll a, b content.
6.2.4 phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) determination of activity
Extract recipe: 5gPVP, 35 μ l mercaptoethanols, are settled to 100mL with 0.1mol/L borate buffer (pH8.8).Blade 0.5mL extracting solution grinds to form homogenate, the centrifugal 10min of 10000r/min, and supernatant constant volume, is enzyme liquid.Get pH8.8 borate buffer 0.5mL, 0.02mol/L phenylalanine 0.25mL, enzyme liquid 0.25mL, blank replaces with extracting solution.30 DEG C of insulation 1h, measure 290nm light absorption value, every milligram of protein per minute makes OD290 increase to 1U.
6.2.5 peroxidase (POD) determination of activity
Adopt the method for Zhang Zhiliang etc. measure POD activity (Zhang Zhiliang etc. plant physiology experiment instructs (third edition)).Causing absorption value (OD) to change 1 with per minute every gram sample is an activity unit.
6.3 results and analysis
Fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3 carries out the experimental verification under the mode of foliage spray: table 5
6.4 sum up
Water soluble fertilizer prepared by the present invention can Promoting plant growth, stablize pH, strengthen photosynthesis, improve disease resistance.By above-mentioned testing and verification, provide theoretical foundation for wideling popularize this fertilizer.
Above are only the preferred embodiment of the invention, be not restricted to the present invention.To those of ordinary skill in the art, other multi-form change or variations can also be made on the basis of the above description.Here without the need to also illustrating all embodiments.And thus scheme the apparent change of extending out or variation be still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the liquid water-soluble fertilizer that a pH is stable, it is characterized in that, composed of the following components by mass percentage: saltpetre 1%-8%, potassium primary phosphate 1%-10%, urea 0.5%-3%, potassium sulfate 0.1%-3%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.1%-1%, MES1-5%, water 69%-96.3%, the mass percent summation of described each component is 100%.
2. the liquid water-soluble that pH according to claim 1 is stable is fertile, it is characterized in that, composed of the following components by mass percentage: saltpetre 3.5%, potassium primary phosphate 5.5%, urea 1.5%, potassium sulfate 1%, primary ammonium phosphate 0.5%, MES3%, water 85%.
3. the liquid water-soluble that pH according to claim 1 is stable is fertile, it is characterized in that, described fertilizer nutrient content N+P
2o
5+ K
2o≤80g/L.
4. the preparation method of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer that pH according to claim 1 is stable, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: water and urea to be added in reactor stirring at normal temperature to after dissolving completely by said ratio, add saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate again, after continuation stirring at normal temperature to solid matter all dissolves, add MES, after stirring and dissolving and get final product.
5. the fertile application in plant growing of the liquid water-soluble that pH according to claim 1 is stable.
6. the liquid water-soluble fertilizer that pH according to claim 1 is stable has the application in different cultivation medium.
7. application according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described cultivation medium comprises water planting medium, earth culture medium and nutrient film.
8. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described earth culture medium comprises one or more in peat soil, rock wool, swelling clay, coconut palm chaff, peanut press pulp, plant ash, perlite particle.
9. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the application process of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer that described pH is stable has water planting mode, earth culture mode and foliage spray mode.
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| WO2017080114A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-18 | 苏文藏 | Nutrient materials for planting soil in greening of municipal project, and preparation method therefor and applications thereof |
| US10508061B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-12-17 | Bfp Management, Llc | Synthetic agricultural product |
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| CN101272999A (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2008-09-24 | 阿德莱德研究和创新私人有限公司 | Chelating agents for micronutrient fertilisers |
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| US10508061B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-12-17 | Bfp Management, Llc | Synthetic agricultural product |
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