A kind of utilize gravitional force to carry out generating electricity automobile and method of work
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilize gravitional force to carry out generating electricity automobile and method of work, especially hybrid vehicle or pure electric automobile.
Background technology
The utilization of gravitional force, modal is hydropower, and it utilizes the gravitional force of water to be converted to electric energy, therefore, gravitional force is converted to electric energy, kinetic energy etc., will be conducive to economizing on resources, and improves energy utilization rate.
Vehicle in the process of moving, due to pavement roughness, in the process travelled, people are sitting in and a stool will inevitably produce fitfull pitch, in the process of pitching, contained gravitional force, owing to not having corresponding recycle device, these gravitional force are all wasted in vain, be not recycled recycling, unfortunately.
Special in hybrid vehicle or pure electric automobile, gravitional force is carried out generating and significantly can extend its lasting enforcement mileage.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, the automobile that utilizes gravitional force to carry out generating electricity and method of work thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of gravitional force that utilizes and carry out the automobile generated electricity, comprising: vehicle frame or self-supporting body, vehicle bridge, be located at vehicle frame or the elastic element between self-supporting body and vehicle bridge, be located at gravitational potential energy converting device bottom vehicle frame or self-supporting body.
Described gravitational potential energy converting device comprises: be located at the housing bottom described vehicle frame or self-supporting body, be located at the driven wheel of bearing fit on a fix shaft in this housing, the drive spindle that medial extremity is fixedly connected with described driven wheel, the miniature gears engaged with driven wheel, this miniature gears activity is matched with on a center shaft, this center shaft head bearing is combined with ratchet permanent seat and big gear wheel, this ratchet permanent seat is distributed with multiple centrosymmetric ratchet, and this ratchet permanent seat can with miniature gears around center shaft synchronous rotary.The external side end of drive spindle is movably connected in the junction of described elastic element and vehicle bridge, or the lower fulcrum of described elastic element.
The periphery of described ratchet permanent seat is provided with the ratchet engaged with described each ratchet.
The medial extremity of ratchet is movably connected on ratchet permanent seat by little axle, and ratchet and big gear wheel are by the upper and lower heavy keying fit of multiple bolt.Upper and lower location fit is realized by spacing preiection and position-limited trough between described miniature gears and ratchet permanent seat, or the end face entirety of described ratchet permanent seat realizes upper and lower location fit with the position-limited trough on the bottom surface of described miniature gears, is suitable for miniature gears around center shaft synchronous rotary to make ratchet permanent seat.
Described big gear wheel coordinates with the rotating shaft transmission of an electrical generator, to drive electrical power generators.
The part coordinated with miniature gears activity of described center shaft is lengthening part, this lengthening part is provided with stop nut, stage clip is provided with between stop nut and the upper surface of miniature gears, the sidewall of miniature gears is provided with circular groove, the L-shaped knuckle end stirring bar is movably connected on the support that is fixed in described housing one of the side of miniature gears, the free end stirring the bottom bar of bar extends in described circular groove, and the top of stirring the montant of bar is connected with a stay cord.
Described support is provided with multiple locating dowel pin for limiting the pendulum angle stirring bar.
As one preferred embodiment, the medial extremity of described drive spindle is fixedly connected with described driven wheel by multiple screw.
During running car, because of factors such as pavement roughnesses, wheel pitches, and then makes described elastic element occur flexible relative to described vehicle frame or self-supporting body; Wherein, when described resilient member contracts, the external side end of described drive spindle is made to be subject to corresponding power, described drive spindle is rotated around described fix shaft, and then drive above-mentioned driven wheel to rotate, and drive miniature gears to rotate, due to miniature gears by with the coordinating of ratchet permanent seat, so make ratchet permanent seat with miniature gears around center shaft synchronous rotary, and then each ratchet is engaged with the madial wall of ratchet, to make ratchet permanent seat drive ratchet and big gear wheel synchronous rotary by ratchet, and together rotated by the rotating shaft of big gear wheel drive electrical generators, and then realize generating; When described elastic element stretches, the external side end of drive spindle is oppositely stressed, drive spindle is made to drive driven wheel and miniature gears retrograde rotation, and then drive the retrograde rotation of ratchet permanent seat, the madial wall of each ratchet and ratchet is departed from, ratchet permanent seat can not rotate by driving pawl when retrograde rotation, and the rotating shaft of big gear wheel and electrical generator also would not be made to rotate.
When described electrical generator uses as electrical motor by needs, pull stay cord, when the free end of the bottom bar stirring bar is upwarped, stirring bar drives miniature gears centrally axially to slide, miniature gears and ratchet permanent seat are departed from, and now, the rotating shaft of described electrical generator is suitable for retrograde rotation.Now, switch on power, electrical generator can be controlled arbitrarily as electrical motor main story or reversion, with outputting power; Namely the hand of rotation of electrical motor can be selected arbitrarily, to meet the demand of special occasions.
As preferred embodiment, described electrical generator is without silicon steel plate electrical generator, and it significantly can reduce the consumption of coil and magnetic patch.This is without silicon steel plate electrical generator, and it comprises coaxially and the stator be arranged in parallel, rotor; Stator comprises: the coil layer of two-layer or three layers of parallel distribution, and each coil layer is formed around distribution by multiple plane sector coil uniform ring be connected in series successively; With being evenly distributed in multiple permanent magnets on rotor, and the polarity of adjacent magnetic patch is contrary, be characterized in: described each coil layer adopts plastic composite to be hot pressed into one, and the magnetic powder containing 10-50wt% in plastic composite, surplus is plastics or resin, such as, in PP, PS, PC etc. one or more.
In described three layer line ring layers, the structure of each coil layer is consistent with shape size, and the top of each coil layer differs 120 ° of distributions, and the terminal of each coil layer is connected.
The number of turn of each plane sector coil is at least 2 circles, can need adjustment arbitrarily according to generator power.
Plane sector coil number in each coil layer is at least 4, and winding method is consistent, and the number of plane sector coil can need adjustment arbitrarily according to generator power.
Each permanent magnets is fan-shaped, and symmetrical with circle center, and the number of permanent magnets can need adjustment arbitrarily according to generator power.
As plane sector coil number more (such as more than 7), then, in same coil layer, between adjacent plane sector (-shaped) coil, part is stacked.
Each coil layer is formed by solid conductor coiling, to guarantee the quality of electrical generator.
Described stator comprises and is symmetrically set in a pair of rotor both sides, and the cover plate contiguous with each stator is magnetic conduction cover plate; Described rotor comprises: a pair magnetic conduction disk body of being isolated by the dividing plate of non-magnet material, is located at the permanent magnets on this magnetic conduction disk body; This coaxially be arranged in parallel to magnetic conduction disk body and described dividing plate; This is to the polar-symmetric of the permanent magnets on magnetic conduction disk body.Described stator comprises symmetrical a pair, be beneficial to raising generator power, make rotor both sides uniform force simultaneously, stator comprises a pair that is symmetrically set in rotor both sides, epitrochanterian permanent magnets is embedded in the mounting hole of rotor body, or rotor comprise the adjacent structure arranged dorsad identical a pair, this is to the polar-symmetric of epitrochanterian permanent magnets.
During concrete enforcement, described rotor is fixed in rotating shaft, and shaft bearing is matched with in pair of bearing, and stator, rotor are in this between bearing seat; Described each magnetic conduction cover plate, stator, rotor are located in a non-magnetic annular outer cover.
Technique effect of the present invention: (1) automobile of the present invention is by gravitational potential energy converting device, and the gravitional force produced is used by pitching, and is converted to electric energy, substantially increases energy utilization rate; (2) of the present invention without silicon steel plate electrical generator, without the need to silicon steel plate, stator adopts multilayer coil layer through plastic composite hot pressing ringwise, and thickness is generally and is less than 1cm, and this composite material contains magnetic powder, and it is the magnetic conduction when coil electricity only, and insulating power are good.Therefore magnetic leakage free and magnetic circuit impedance is little, magneto-conductivity is high, so significantly can reduce coil turn, reduces the consumption of copper cash.Relative to conventional brush-less mag-dynamo, under the condition of equal-wattage, total coil turn can reduce 1/3, and magnetic patch use amount reduces 1/2, and under the condition of same consumption energy, generated output power improves 15-20%, and effective power reaches 88%.(3) electrical generator of the application is without the need to silicon steel plate, and stator adopts multilayer coil layer through plastic composite hot pressing ringwise, and thickness is generally and is less than 1cm, and this composite material contains magnetic powder, and it is the magnetic conduction when coil electricity only, and insulating power are good.Because stator in the electrical generator of the application, rotor are parallel adjacent and coaxially arrange, stator thickness is thin, therefore small volume, and the magnetic field that coil layer produces and epitrochanterian permanent magnets form closed magnetic path.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 1, the automobile utilizing gravitional force to carry out generating electricity of the present embodiment comprises: vehicle frame or self-supporting body 12, vehicle bridge 19, be located at vehicle frame or the elastic element between self-supporting body 12 and vehicle bridge 19 21, be located at gravitational potential energy converting device 22 bottom vehicle frame or self-supporting body 12; The two ends of vehicle bridge are provided with wheel.Elastic element 21 is air bellow, coil spring or torsion bar spring.
As Fig. 2, described gravitational potential energy converting device 22 comprises: the housing 20 being located at described body bottom, be located at the driven wheel 14 of bearing fit on a fix shaft 13 in this housing 20, the drive spindle 8 that medial extremity is fixedly connected with described driven wheel 14, the miniature gears 15 engaged with driven wheel 14, this miniature gears 15 activity is matched with on a center shaft 11, this center shaft 11 head bearing is combined with ratchet permanent seat 3 and big gear wheel 1, this ratchet permanent seat 3 is distributed with multiple centrosymmetric ratchet 5, and this ratchet permanent seat 3 can with miniature gears 15 around center shaft 11 synchronous rotary.The external side end of drive spindle 8 is movably connected in the junction of described elastic element and vehicle bridge, or the lower fulcrum of described elastic element.(if elastic element steel spring, the then external side end of drive spindle 8 is movably connected in the central authorities of steel spring).
The periphery of described ratchet permanent seat 3 is provided with the ratchet 2 engaged with described each ratchet 5.
As Fig. 3 or 4, the medial extremity of ratchet 5 is movably connected on ratchet permanent seat 3 by little axle 4, and ratchet 2 and big gear wheel 1 are by multiple bolt about 9 heavy keying fit.Upper and lower location fit is realized by spacing preiection and position-limited trough between described miniature gears 15 and ratchet permanent seat 3, or the end face entirety of described ratchet permanent seat 3 realizes upper and lower location fit with the position-limited trough on the bottom surface of described miniature gears, is suitable for miniature gears 15 around center shaft 11 synchronous rotary to make ratchet permanent seat 3.
Described big gear wheel 1 coordinates with the rotating shaft transmission of an electrical generator, to drive electrical power generators, and to the battery charge on automobile.The preferred hybrid vehicle of this automobile or pure electric automobile.
The part coordinated with miniature gears 15 activity of described center shaft 11 is lengthening part, this lengthening part is provided with stop nut 16, stage clip 17 is provided with between the upper surface of stop nut 16 and miniature gears 15, the sidewall of described miniature gears 15 is provided with circular groove 15-1, the L-shaped knuckle end 180 stirring bar 18 is movably connected on the support 7 that is fixed in described housing 20 one of miniature gears 15 side, the free end 181 stirring the bottom bar of bar 18 extends in described circular groove 15-1, and the top of stirring the montant of bar 18 is connected with a stay cord 6.
Described support 7 is provided with multiple locating dowel pin 71 for limiting the pendulum angle stirring bar 18.
As one preferred embodiment, the medial extremity of described drive spindle 8 is movably set on described fix shaft 13, and is fixedly connected with described driven wheel 14 by multiple screw.
When described ratchet 5 is symmetrical two, for the benefit of described ratchet 5 engages with described ratchet 2, is provided with spring 10 between the external side end of ratchet 5 and ratchet permanent seat 3.
During running car, because of factors such as pavement roughnesses, wheel pitches, and then makes described elastic element occur flexible relative to described vehicle frame or self-supporting body, wherein, when described resilient member contracts, the external side end of described drive spindle 8 is made to be subject to corresponding power, drive spindle 8 is rotated around described fix shaft 13, and then drive above-mentioned driven wheel 14 to rotate, and drive miniature gears 15 to rotate, due to miniature gears 15 by with the coordinating of ratchet permanent seat 3, so make ratchet permanent seat 3 with miniature gears 15 around center shaft 11 synchronous rotary, (in Fig. 3, each ratchet 5 produces centnifugal force, ) and then each ratchet 5 is engaged with the madial wall of ratchet 2, ratchet 2 and big gear wheel 1 synchronous rotary is driven by ratchet 5 to make ratchet permanent seat 3, and together rotated by the rotating shaft of big gear wheel 1 drive electrical generators, and then realize generating, when described elastic element stretches, the external side end of drive spindle 8 is oppositely stressed, drive spindle 8 is made to drive driven wheel 14 and miniature gears 15 retrograde rotation, and then drive the retrograde rotation of ratchet permanent seat 3, ratchet permanent seat 3 can not rotate by driving pawl 2 when retrograde rotation, and the rotating shaft of big gear wheel 1 and electrical generator also would not be driven to rotate.The rotating shaft of electrical generator is now by free-wheel.
When pulling stay cord 6, when the free end 181 of the bottom bar stirring bar 18 is upwarped, stir bar 18 and drive miniature gears 15 centrally axle 11 upward sliding, miniature gears 15 and ratchet permanent seat 3 are departed from, now, the rotating shaft of described electrical generator is suitable for retrograde rotation, and electrical generator now can use as electrical motor, and hand of rotation can be selected arbitrarily, to meet the demand of special occasions.
The described action pulling stay cord 6 can be manual, and motor driving or cylinder or Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder also can be adopted to realize.
(embodiment 2)
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the present embodiment adopts electrical generator to be without silicon steel plate electrical generator, as Fig. 5, comprise annular outer cover 31, with the stator 40, the rotor 42 that are located in this shell, with the pair of bearing 37 of rotating shaft 39 bearing fit of this rotor 42, each bearing seat 37 is fixed in described annular outer cover 31 by corresponding cover plate, stator 40 comprises: the coil layer of two-layer or three layers of parallel distribution, and each coil layer is formed around distribution by multiple plane sector coil uniform ring be connected in series successively; During concrete enforcement, each coil layer on stator 40 comprises 18,21,24 or 27 fan-shaped plan coils 45.The external side end of rotating shaft 39 is provided with belt pulley or gear, for coordinating with external power supply transmission.
The current output terminal of each coil layer on stator 40 is connected with regulating circuit with a rectification.
Permanent magnets 33 on rotor 42 is 2-20, symmetrical with circle center.
Described each coil layer adopts plastic composite to be hot pressed into one, and contains the magnetic powder of 20wt% or 10 wt% or 30wt% or 40 wt% or 50 wt% in plastics.Magnetic powder is one or more in iron oxide magnetic powder, cobalt-iron oxide magnetic powder, chromium dioxide magnetic.
The outside of stator 40 is provided with magnetic conduction cover plate 32, and described magnetic conduction cover plate 32, stator 40, rotor 42 are located in non-magnetic annular outer cover 31.
The electrical generator of the application is without the need to silicon steel plate, and stator adopts multilayer coil layer through plastic composite hot pressing ringwise, and thickness is generally and is less than 1cm, and this composite material contains magnetic powder, and it is the magnetic conduction when coil electricity only, and insulating power are good.
Because stator in the electrical generator of the application, rotor 42 are parallel adjacent and coaxially arrange, stator thickness is thin, therefore small volume, and the permanent magnets on the magnetic field that coil layer produces and rotor 42 forms closed magnetic path.
Due to the composite material only just magnetic conduction when coil electricity, therefore magnetic leakage free and magnetic circuit impedance is little, magneto-conductivity is high, so significantly can reduce coil turn, reduces the consumption of copper cash.
Relative to conventional brush-less mag-dynamo, under the condition of equal-wattage, total coil turn can reduce 1/3, and magnetic patch use amount reduces 1/2, and under the condition of same consumption energy, generated output power improves 15-20%, and effective power reaches 88%.
Fig. 5 is low power without silicon steel plate electrical generator, and wherein, the cover plate of adjacent stator 40 is magnetic conduction cover plate 32, and the cover plate of adjacent rotor 42 is non-magnetic cover plate 44.This magnetic conduction disk body is provided with permanent magnets 33.
Fig. 6 is high-performance without silicon steel plate electrical generator, and wherein, the cover plate of adjacent stator 40 is magnetic conduction cover plate 32, and the cover plate of rotor is non-magnetic cover plate 44.Described stator 40 comprises and is symmetrically set in a pair of rotor both sides, is magnetic conduction cover plate 32 with cover plate contiguous outside each stator 40; Described rotor 42 comprises: a pair magnetic conduction disk body of being isolated by the dividing plate 43 of non-magnet material, is located at the permanent magnets 33 on this magnetic conduction disk body; This coaxially be arranged in parallel to magnetic conduction disk body and described dividing plate 43; This is to the polar-symmetric of the permanent magnets 33 on magnetic conduction disk body.Described rotor is fixed in rotating shaft, and shaft bearing is matched with in pair of bearing, and stator, rotor are in this between bearing seat; Described each magnetic conduction cover plate, stator, rotor are located in a non-magnetic annular outer cover.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, other multi-form combination, change or variation can also be made on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to spirit institute's apparent change of extending out of the present invention or change and are still among protection scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automobile of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the gravitational potential energy converting device of boosted vehicle;
Fig. 3 is the section drawing of the ratchet of three ratchets;
Fig. 4 is the section drawing of the ratchet of two ratchets;
Fig. 5 be single stator of the present invention, single rotor miniwatt without the sectional structure chart of silicon steel plate electrical generator;
Fig. 6 is the high-power cross-sectional view without silicon steel plate electrical generator of bimorph transducer of the present invention, single rotor;
Fig. 7 is a kind of embodiment of rotor of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the another kind of embodiment of rotor of the present invention, there is shown;
Fig. 9 is the end face structure figure of A phase coil in described electrical generator;
Figure 10 is the end face structure figure of B phase coil in described electrical generator;
Figure 11 is the end face structure figure of C phase coil in described electrical generator;
Figure 12 is the coil distributed architecture schematic diagram in described three-phase generator;
Figure 13 is the structural representation after the multiple plane sector coils in described coil layer are separated;
Figure 14 is the another kind of structural representation of described gravitational potential energy converting device;
Reference numeral: 31. annular outer covers, 32. magnetic conduction cover plates, 33. permanent magnets, 34.A phase line ring layer, 35. B phase line ring layers, 36. C phase line ring layers, 37. bearing seats, 38. bearings, 39 rotating shafts, 40. stators, 42 rotors, 43. magnetic isolation plates, 44. non-magnetic cover plates, 45. fan-shaped plan coils.