CN104772330A - Method for separating harmful heavy metals in paddy field - Google Patents
Method for separating harmful heavy metals in paddy field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104772330A CN104772330A CN201510186798.8A CN201510186798A CN104772330A CN 104772330 A CN104772330 A CN 104772330A CN 201510186798 A CN201510186798 A CN 201510186798A CN 104772330 A CN104772330 A CN 104772330A
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- heavy metal
- paddy field
- harmful heavy
- soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating harmful heavy metals in a paddy field, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural soil remediation. According to the method, the soil is changed into flowing colloid by using a paddy field dispergator, and displacement adsorption is realized by using an aggregation displacer; then a separation system is used for separating out the harmful heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium and mercury in the soil, wherein the paddy field dispergator is PC-67, STPP, CMC, K2O.nSiO2 or K2CO3, and the aggregation displacer is PVA-1799, KOH or Fe14O2(SO4)18.XH2O. The separation method comprises the following steps: sampling, analysis, immersion, activation, displacement adsorption and stirring magnetic absorption, so that the aim of restoring the paddy field polluted by the harmful heavy metal can be fulfilled. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that sources of the harmful heavy metals in the paddy field can be eliminated to the maximum extent, so that the difficulty in secondary dissolving of sediments formed by an existing lime emulsification method, a bleaching powder oxidization method and a barium salt process can be solved, the safety of agricultural products is guaranteed, and the balance of an ecological environment and the health of people are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of degumming agent that utilizes and work in coordination with polymerization displacer the method being separated paddy field harmful heavy metal, belong to agricultural soil recovery technique field.
Background technology
While modern industry brings and enriches material and cultural life, also cause great impact to environment, the of common occurrence poisoning and public health event of all rising all has beaten alarm bell to the unordered exploitation of people, and typical impact is; Exceeded national discharge standard decades of times to its heavy metal pollution of arable land that we people depend on for existence, what have has even exceeded 2000 times, reaches startling stage.The method of current improvement arable land harmful heavy metal has: one is adopt the milk of lime precipitation method, two is adopt oxidization by bleaching powder method, three is adopt barium salt process, when consequently adopting the milk of lime precipitation method, new chlorion to be increased in soil, can form new complex ion causes sediment fraction to dissolve, and can not reach the Expected Results of sterilization; And when adopting oxidization by bleaching powder method, final result is also the precipitation generating hydroxide, also be faced with the problem that secondary dissolves simultaneously, it should be pointed out that the precipitation along with hydroxyl, the alundum (Al2O3) that in soil, the increase of calcium ion will activate in soil, the absorption aluminium ion making crop too much will form new ecocatastrophe, other, as adopted barium salt process, due to barium inherently heavy metal, is more the increase in new pollution sources.Above-mentionedly no matter adopt which kind of method, its heavy metal still remains in soil.Due to the polytropy of weather cropping system, its dissolubility all can change whenever and wherever possible, can not be separated the pollution of the harmful heavy metals such as Lead In Soil, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury all the time, have a strong impact on the healthy of people.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned defect of the prior art, a kind of method being separated soil harmful heavy metal is provided, in order to fully to isolate the harmful heavy metal in soil, guarantee that people's is healthy.
For solving its technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method being separated soil harmful heavy metal, the method utilizes paddy field degumming agent first by colloid that Zinc fractions can flow, displacement sorption is carried out again with polymerization displacer, then isolate Lead In Soil, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury harmful heavy metal by piece-rate system, its feature is:
1, described paddy field degumming agent is: PC--67, STPP, CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3or be wherein one or more combination;
2, described in. polymerization displacer is: PVC-1799, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o, KOH or be wherein one or more combination;
3, described piece-rate system adopts magnet or electromagnet by harmful heavy metal adsorbing separation;
4, the method for described separation paddy field harmful heavy metal comprises the steps:
Step poly-one: sampling, by field according to wind direction, water to, physical features, landform etc. determine that several sample point gets soil sample by relevant criterion, and by related specifications sample preparation;
Step 2: analyze, determines that the kind of soil and the type pipette of heavy metal thereof are to allocate degumming agent and polymerization displacer exactly into; The content (plough horizon is by 20 centimetres of calculating) of the lead in main detection soil, crop is harmful to, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion;
Step 3: soak, eliminated by the weeds in field, then can be stabilized in 3 ~ 6cm 2 ~ 3 days by not having the irrigation water of heavy metal pollution injection field to make it the water surface, allowing soil soak fully, facilitating postorder operation to form stable mud;
Step 4: activation, spills into field the kind of the degumming agent determined by step 2 and uniform amount thereof, usually calculates with arable layer 20cm, then use rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make Soil slurry be in stable suspension;
Step 5: displacement sorption, spills into field equably by 5 ~ 10 times of total amount of the poisonous heavy metal such as cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium of step 2 gained by polymerization displacer;
Step 6: stir magnetic, ceaselessly stirs in field with possessing the rotary cultivator inhaling ferrite function, make polymerization displacer fully with harmful heavy metal exchange adsorption, then draw through magnet, reach the object being separated removing toxic substances.
Wherein said degumming agent and polymerization displacer are:
1. degumming agent, its main component is: PC--67, STPP or CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3;
2. be polymerized displacer, main component is: PVC-1799, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o or KOH;
This degumming agent is as follows with the polymerization displacer mechanism of action:
One, degumming agent:
1, PC-67 is mainly for when containing montmorillonite in soil, removes the absorption of its heavy metal,
2, STPP is mainly for the dispergation of iron content, earth that manganese is higher, and forms cushioning liquid,
3, CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3mainly to soil dispergation and emulsification thereof,
The percentage by weight of its content is: PC-67:5% ~ 10%, STPP:10% ~ 20%, CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3: 70% ~ 85%;
Two, displacer is polymerized:
1, the effect of mud is mainly stablized in PVA-1799, prevents the heavy metal after replacing be separated with iron ion and precipitate simultaneously,
2, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o mainly with the lead in soil, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium generation displacement reaction to adhere to each other formation ferrite,
3, KOH mainly guarantees that Iron in Soil ion reaches 3 valencys and has magnetic;
The percentage by weight of its content is: PVA-1799:10% ~ 15%, KOH:10% ~ 20%, Fe
14o
2(SO
4) 18XH
2o: 70% ~ 80%.
Compared with present technology, the present invention can eliminate the source of harmful heavy metal in paddy field to the utmost, the difficult problem that the precipitation secondary avoiding existing lime emulsifying method, oxidization by bleaching powder method, barium salt process to be formed dissolves, guarantee the safety of agricultural product, be conducive to the balance of ecological environment and the healthy of people.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described by the following examples:
Embodiment one: less containing montmorillonite in paddy field after measured, the total amount of its harmful heavy metal is 20ppm, then the proportioning that first we design degumming agent is: PC-67 ︰ STPP ︰ CMC ︰ K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3=5 ︰ 10 ︰ 5 ︰ 70 ︰ 10, by arable layer 20cm every mu of soil total amount 200 tons, degumming agent applies field by 5 ‰ of soil, needs degumming agent one ton altogether, stablizes: P=1.75g/ml, V=40S through rotary tillage mud; Press PVC-1799 ︰ KOH ︰ Fe again
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o=5 ︰ 15 ︰ 80 by 5 times of harmful heavy metal total amount allocate into polymerization displacer totally 20 kilograms apply field, after stirring with rotary cultivator rotary tillage, through magnet or electromagnet by harmful heavy metal adsorbing separation, then focused on or fully utilized.
Embodiment two: more containing montmorillonite in soil after measured, but not containing manganese red, calcium ions and magnesium ions is also on the low side, and the total amount of its harmful heavy metal is 100ppm, then the proportioning that first we design degumming agent is PC-67 ︰ STPP ︰ CMC ︰ K
2onSiO
2︰ K
2cO
3=10 ︰ 10 ︰ 10 ︰ 65 ︰ 5 join degumming agent 600 kilograms be sprinkled into field in the ratios of 3 ‰, stablize: P=1.72g/ml, V=50s, then press PVA-1799 ︰ KOH ︰ Fe through rotary tillage mud
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o=10 ︰ 20 ︰ 70 by 6 times of total metals allocate into polymerization displacer altogether 120 kg be sprinkled into field, stir with rotary cultivator rotary tillage, through magnet or electromagnet by harmful heavy metal adsorbing separation, then focus on or fully utilize.
Above detailed description of the invention is illustrated essence of the present invention; but can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; as long as the simple modifications done according to the essence of the present invention, modification or equivalent transformation, all drop within claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is separated the method for paddy field harmful heavy metal, the method utilizes paddy field degumming agent first by colloid that Zinc fractions can flow, displacement sorption is carried out again with polymerization displacer, then Lead In Soil, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury harmful heavy metal is separated by piece-rate system, it is characterized in that: described paddy field degumming agent is: PC-67, STPP, CMC, K
2onSiO
2,k
2cO
3, polymerization displacer PVA-1799, KOH, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o.
2. be separated the method for paddy field harmful heavy metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described paddy field degumming agent is: PC-67, STPP, CMC, K
2onSiO
2,k
2cO
3one or more combinations wherein.
3. be separated the method for paddy field harmful heavy metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described polymerization displacer is: PVA-1799, KOH, Fe
14o
2(SO
4) 18XH
2o one or more combinations wherein.
4. be separated the method for paddy field harmful heavy metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piece-rate system adopts magnet or electromagnet by harmful heavy metal adsorbing separation.
5. be separated a method for paddy field harmful heavy metal described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method being separated paddy field harmful heavy metal comprises the steps:
Step poly-one: sampling, by field according to wind direction, water to, physical features, landform etc. determine that several sample point gets soil sample by relevant criterion, and by related specifications sample preparation;
Step 2: analyze, determines that the kind of soil and the type pipette of heavy metal thereof are to allocate degumming agent and polymerization displacer exactly into; The content (plough horizon is by 20 centimetres of calculating) of the lead in main detection soil, crop is harmful to, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion;
Step 3: soak, eliminated by the weeds in field, then can be stabilized in 3 ~ 6cm 2 ~ 3 days by not having the irrigation water of heavy metal pollution injection field to make it the water surface, allowing soil soak fully, facilitating postorder operation to form stable mud;
Step 4: activation, spills into field the kind of the degumming agent determined by step 2 and uniform amount thereof, usually calculates with arable layer 20cm, then use rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make Soil slurry be in stable suspension;
Step 5: displacement sorption, spills into field equably by 5 ~ 10 times of total amount of the poisonous heavy metal such as cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium of step 2 gained by polymerization displacer;
Step 6: stir magnetic, ceaselessly stirs in field with possessing the rotary cultivator inhaling ferrite function, make polymerization displacer fully with toxic heavy metal exchange adsorption, then draw through magnet, reach the object being separated removing toxic substances.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510186798.8A CN104772330A (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2015-04-18 | Method for separating harmful heavy metals in paddy field |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410200079 | 2014-05-14 | ||
| CN2014102000792 | 2014-05-14 | ||
| CN201510186798.8A CN104772330A (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2015-04-18 | Method for separating harmful heavy metals in paddy field |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110663304A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-10 | 贵州省山地资源研究所有限公司 | Method for improving organic matters in paddy field soil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201101864D0 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2011-03-23 | Univ Surrey | Composite adsorbent material |
| CN102500613A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 同济大学 | Process for restoring heavy metal contaminated soil/sludge through combining nanometer zero-valent iron with electromagnetic rake |
-
2015
- 2015-04-18 CN CN201510186798.8A patent/CN104772330A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201101864D0 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2011-03-23 | Univ Surrey | Composite adsorbent material |
| EP2670526A2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2013-12-11 | The University of Surrey | Composite adsorbent material |
| CN103608104A (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-02-26 | 萨里大学 | Composite adsorbent material containing a porous carbon matrix |
| CN102500613A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 同济大学 | Process for restoring heavy metal contaminated soil/sludge through combining nanometer zero-valent iron with electromagnetic rake |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110663304A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-10 | 贵州省山地资源研究所有限公司 | Method for improving organic matters in paddy field soil |
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Application publication date: 20150715 |