CN104056853A - Method for separating cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic and mercury in paddy field soil - Google Patents
Method for separating cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic and mercury in paddy field soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104056853A CN104056853A CN201410285259.5A CN201410285259A CN104056853A CN 104056853 A CN104056853 A CN 104056853A CN 201410285259 A CN201410285259 A CN 201410285259A CN 104056853 A CN104056853 A CN 104056853A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for separating cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic and mercury in paddy field soil, which belongs to the technical field of agriculture soil restoration. The method employs a degumming agent and a polymerization displacement agent, the method comprises the following steps: 1)sampling soil in field; 2)analyzing oil sample; 3)weeding and immersing; 4)activating; 5)displacing and absorbing; 6)stirring; finally collecting through concentration to reach the purpose of separating and detoxifying. According to the invention, source of harmful heavy metal in paddy field can be eliminated at large limitation, so that problem of secondary dissolving of deposition formed by a lime emulsification method and a bleaching powder oxidation process can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that separates paddy field Cadmium in Soil, lead, chromium, arsenic, mercury, belong to agricultural soil recovery technique field.
Background technology
Modern industry brings when enriching material and cultural life, has also caused great impact to environment, and the of common occurrence poisoning and public health event of all rising has all been beaten alarm bell to people's unordered exploitation, and typical impact is; Its heavy metal pollution of the arable land that we people are depended on for existence has exceeded national discharge standard decades of times, and what have has even exceeded 2000 times, has reached startling stage.The method that current peasant separates paddy field harmful heavy metal has: the one, adopt the milk of lime precipitation method, the 2nd, adopt oxidization by bleaching powder method, the 3rd, adopt barium salt process, consequently in the time adopting the milk of lime precipitation method, in soil, increase new chlorion, can form new complex ion and cause precipitation to be partly dissolved, can not reach the Expected Results of sterilization; And while adopting oxidization by bleaching powder method, final result is also the precipitation that generates hydroxide, also be faced with the problem that secondary dissolves simultaneously, should be understood that, along with the precipitation of hydroxyl, in soil, the increase of calcium ion, by the alundum (Al2O3) activating in soil, makes the too much absorption aluminium ion of crop to form new ecocatastrophe; Other,, as adopted barium salt process, because barium itself is exactly heavy metal, has increased new pollution sources especially.Above-mentioned which kind of method that no matter adopts, its heavy metal still remains in soil.Due to the polytropy of weather cropping system, its dissolubility all can change whenever and wherever possible, can not separate all the time the pollution of the harmful heavy metals such as Lead In Soil, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury, has a strong impact on the healthy of people.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome defect in above-mentioned prior art, the another kind of method that separates harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil is provided, in order to fully to isolate the harmful heavy metal in soil, guarantee that people's is healthy.
For solving its technical problem, the another kind that the present invention adopts separates the method for harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil, and it comprises the steps:
One, to Tanaka's soil sample: to factors such as, physical features, landform, determine 5-10 sample point according to wind direction at that time, water in operation paddy field, get soil sample by GB/T4100-1999 relevant criterion, and press the sample preparation of quartering contracting sample;
Two, analyze soil sample: mainly detect the content to the harmful lead of crop, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion in soil and calculate the total amount of arable layer harmful heavy metal, estimate the gross weight of soil;
Three, root out weeds in field and discharge water immersion: after rooting out weeds in field, using the not irrigation water containing heavy metal to inject field, make it the water surface and can be stabilized in 3 ~ 6cm 2 ~ 3 days, allow soil invade bubble fully, be convenient to postorder operation;
Four, activation: select one or more degumming agents, according to the soil gross weight calculating in step 2, degumming agent applied by 1 ‰ of soil-3 ‰ in the soil in field, then use rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make soil become mud and in stable be suspended aqueous;
Five, displacement sorption: select one or more polymerization displacers, by 5 ~ 10 times of the total amount of the toxic heavy metals such as the cadmium calculating in step 2, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium, equably polymerization displacer is spilt into field;
Six, stir magnetic: apparatus has the rotary cultivator of inhaling ferrite function and ceaselessly stirs in field, make polymerization displacer fully with toxic heavy metal displacement sorption, then pass through centralized collection, thereby reach the object that separates removing toxic substances.
Kind and the mechanism of action of the degumming agent of choosing in the present invention and polymerization displacer are as follows:
One, degumming agent:
1, PC-67, mainly in the time containing montmorillonite in soil, removes its absorption to heavy metal,
2, STPP is mainly for the dispergation of iron content, earth that manganese is higher, with entering to form cushioning liquid,
3, CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3mainly to the dispergation in soil and emulsification thereof,
Because soil in paddy field, various places varies, Application Range when use is: PC-67:5% ~ 10%; STPP:10% ~ 20%; CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3:70% ~ 85%;
Two, polymerization displacer:
1, PVA-1799 are mainly the effects of stablizing mud, prevent that the heavy metal after displacement from separating with iron ion and precipitating simultaneously,
2, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o be mainly with soil in lead, cadmium arsenic, mercury, chromium generation displacement reaction the formation ferrite that can adhere to each other,
3, KOH guarantees that Iron in Soil ion reaches 3 valencys and has magnetic;
Type and the content thereof of the heavy metal in ratio and the soil of same polymerization displacer have direct correlation, usually PVA-1799:15% ~ 10%; KOH:15% ~ 20%; Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o:70% ~ 80%;
In a word, a kind of method that separates paddy field harmful heavy metal of the present invention is compared with present technology, eliminate to the utmost the source of harmful heavy metal, the problem of having avoided precipitation secondary that existing lime emulsifying method, oxidization by bleaching powder method, barium salt process form to dissolve, has guaranteed the safety of agricultural product.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described by the following examples:
Embodiment mono-: the another kind of method that separates harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil, it comprises the steps:
One, sampling sample preparation: to factors such as, physical features, landform, determine 5 sample points according to wind direction at that time, water in operation paddy field, get soil sample by GB/T4100-1999 relevant criterion, and press sample quartering sample preparation;
Two, analyze soil sample: the total amount that detects the harmful heavy metals of arable layer to the harmful lead of crop, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion in soil is xppm.
Three, weeding is soaked: after rooting out weeds in field, use the not irrigation water containing heavy metal to inject field, make it the water surface and can be stabilized in 3 ~ 6cm 2 ~ 3 days, allow soil soak fully, be convenient to postorder operation;
Four, activation:, select degumming agent according to the character of the plough horizon heavy metal gross weight calculating in step 2 and soil, and by degumming agent, this degumming agent is applied in the soil in field, then use rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make soil become mud and in stable be suspended aqueous;
Five, displacement sorption: with polymerization displacer according to the total amount of harmful heavy metal, 5 times of the total amount every toxic heavy metals such as, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium that machine calculates spill into this polymerization displacer field equably;
Six, stir magnetic: the rotary cultivator that apparatus has suction ferrite function ceaselessly stirs in field, make polymerization displacer fully with toxic heavy metal displacement sorption, allow toxic heavy metal fully be adsorbed on magnet, finally by crossing centralized collection, reach the object that separates removing toxic substances.
Embodiment bis-: the another kind of method that separates harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil, it comprises the steps:
One, to Tanaka's soil sample: to factors such as, physical features, landform, determine 10 sample points according to wind direction at that time, water in operation paddy field, get soil sample by relevant criterion GB/T4100-1999, and press sample quartering sample preparation;
Two, analyze soil sample: the total amount that detects the harmful heavy metals to the harmful lead of crop, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion in soil is yppm, calculates the gross weight of plough horizon.
Three, bubble is invaded in weeding: after rooting out weeds in field, use the not irrigation water containing heavy metal to inject field, make it the water surface and can be stabilized in 6cm 3 days, allow soil soak fully, be convenient to postorder operation;
Four, activation: according to the soil gross weight estimating in step 2, this degumming agent, by 3 ‰ soil that 600 kilograms apply field of soil, is then used to rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make soil become mud and in stable be suspended aqueous;
Five, displacement sorption: selecting a kind of PVA-1799 is polymerization displacer, is 1000 ppm by 10 times of the total amount of the toxic heavy metals such as the cadmium estimating in step 2, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium, equably this polymerization displacer is spilt into field;
Six, stir magnetic: the rotary cultivator that apparatus has suction ferrite function ceaselessly stirs in field, polymerization displacer is adsorbed with toxic heavy metal conversion fully, allow toxic heavy metal fully be adsorbed on magnet, finally by crossing centralized collection, reach the object that separates removing toxic substances.
Above detailed description of the invention is illustrated essence of the present invention; but can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; in every case the simple modifications, modification or the equivalent transformation that do according to the present invention's essence, within all dropping on claim protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method that separates paddy field Cadmium in Soil, lead, chromium, arsenic, mercury is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
One, to Tanaka's soil sample: to factors such as, physical features, landform, determine 5-10 sample point according to wind direction at that time, water in operation paddy field, get soil sample by relevant criterion GB/T4100-1999, and press sample quartering sample preparation;
Two, analyze soil sample: mainly detect the content to the harmful lead of crop, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium ion in soil and calculate the total amount of harmful heavy metal, estimate the gross weight of soil;
Three, weeding is soaked: after rooting out weeds in field, use the not irrigation water containing heavy metal to inject field, make it the water surface and can be stabilized in 3 ~ 6cm 2 ~ 3 days, allow soil invade bubble fully, be convenient to postorder operation;
Four, activation: according to one or more degumming agents of experimental selection, according to the soil gross weight calculating in step 2, degumming agent is applied in the soil in field by the experimental data gained amount of soil, then uses rotary cultivator rotary tillage, make soil become mud and in stable be suspended aqueous;
Five, displacement sorption: by 5 ~ 10 times of the total amount of the toxic heavy metals such as the cadmium calculating in step 2, lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium, equably polymerization displacer is sprinkled into field;
Six, stir magnetic: the rotary cultivator that apparatus has suction ferrite function ceaselessly stirs in field, make polymerization displacer fully with toxic heavy metal displacement sorption, allow toxic heavy metal fully be adsorbed on magnet, finally by crossing centralized collection, reach the object that separates removing toxic substances.
2. the method that separates according to claim 1 harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil, is characterized in that: described degumming agent is PC-67, STPP or CMC, K
2onSiO
2, K
2cO
3.
3. the method that separates according to claim 1 harmful heavy metal in paddy field soil, is characterized in that: described polymerization displacer is PVA-1799, Fe
14o
2(SO
4)
18xH
2o, KOH.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105013812A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-04 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Technology for rapidly restoring heavy metal pollution of farmland |
| CN105284231A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Soil disinfection method for lilium brownii field |
| CN106825028A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 环保桥（湖南）生态环境修复有限公司 | A kind of in-situ remediation method of removable agricultural land soil arsenic |
| CN109332370A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-15 | 东北石油大学 | In-situ remediation method for heavy metal chromium ionic soil soil |
| CN110999586A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-04-14 | 花王生态工程股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN114669592A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-28 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for repairing organic contaminated soil by vulcanizing nano zero-valent iron activated persulfate |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105013812A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-04 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Technology for rapidly restoring heavy metal pollution of farmland |
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| CN105284231A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Soil disinfection method for lilium brownii field |
| CN106825028A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 环保桥（湖南）生态环境修复有限公司 | A kind of in-situ remediation method of removable agricultural land soil arsenic |
| CN109332370A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-15 | 东北石油大学 | In-situ remediation method for heavy metal chromium ionic soil soil |
| CN110999586A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-04-14 | 花王生态工程股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN114669592A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-28 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for repairing organic contaminated soil by vulcanizing nano zero-valent iron activated persulfate |
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Application publication date: 20140924 |