CN104769269B - Fuel injector with piezoelectric actuator - Google Patents
Fuel injector with piezoelectric actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104769269B CN104769269B CN201380056149.5A CN201380056149A CN104769269B CN 104769269 B CN104769269 B CN 104769269B CN 201380056149 A CN201380056149 A CN 201380056149A CN 104769269 B CN104769269 B CN 104769269B
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- Prior art keywords
- coupler
- cavity volume
- fuel injector
- nozzle needle
- piston
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/701—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
- F02M2200/704—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
- F02M2200/708—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with hydraulic chambers formed by a movable sleeve
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel injector for fuel injection system, particularly common-rail injection system, it is included in the nozzle needle (3) for being used to open and close at least one injection opening being directed in the pressure hole of nozzle body (2) (1), the piezoelectric actuator (6) and coupling device (7) that are used to directly control the stroke motion of nozzle needle (3) that are received in area of low pressure (5) stroke motion, and piezoelectric actuator (6) is hydraulically coupled by the coupling device with nozzle needle (3).According to the present invention, coupling device (7) includes coupler cavity volume (8), the coupler cavity volume construction is in the inside of sleeve-shaped coupler piston (9), wherein, coupler piston (9) is guided by inner pin (10) stroke motion on the border for axially limiting coupler cavity volume (8), wherein, the end section (12) of nozzle needle (3) is inserted in coupler cavity volume (8) or in the fuel cavity volume that insertion is connected with coupler cavity volume (8).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel injector for fuel injection system, particularly common-rail injection system.
This fuel injector be included in be directed in the pressure hole of nozzle body stroke motion be used for open and close
The nozzle needle of at least one injection opening, the pressure for being used to directly control the stroke motion of nozzle needle received in area of low pressure
Electrical actuator and coupling device, the piezoelectric actuator can hydraulically be coupled by the coupling device with nozzle needle.
Background technology
A kind of fuel injector is learnt by the A1 of DE 10 2,009 001 131, it has the low-pressure area for being arranged in injector
The piezoelectric actuator for being used to directly control the stroke motion of nozzle needle in domain, in the fuel injector, nozzle needle is very
Arrange to big degree upper pressure balance.Therefore, the convex portion of plunger type, the convex portion are arranged on the end of the nozzle side of nozzle needle
It may axially move in the pilot hole being connected with combustion chamber and hermetically be directed.Piezoelectric actuator may pass through
Coupler space hydraulically couples with nozzle needle.Realize the coupling in the following manner, i.e., in piezoelectric actuator galvanization, spray
Mouth pin occupies its closed position, and must interrupt the electric current of piezoelectric actuator to open.That is, actuator is relative
Long injection interval is electrically charged, and only discharges (so-called multi channel) in relatively short injection period.Therefore, promote
The piezoelectric ceramics of dynamic device is for longer periods subjected to highfield during runtime compared with the case that it is in non-multi channel.
Therefore the service life of actuator may significantly be shortened.
The content of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of fuel injector, it, which has, is used to directly control nozzle needle
The piezoelectric actuator of stroke motion, the fuel injector are durable.Particularly to provide a kind of with piezoelectric actuator
Fuel injector, the piezoelectric actuator do not control nozzle needle inversely.
The purpose is realized by the fuel injector with feature of present invention.
Described fuel injector be included in can be directed in the pressure hole of nozzle body stroke motion be used for open and
The stroke motion for being used to directly control nozzle needle for close the nozzle needle of at least one injection opening, being received in area of low pressure
Piezoelectric actuator and coupling device, the piezoelectric actuator can pass through the coupling device and nozzle needle hydraulically coupling
Close.According to the present invention, coupling device includes coupler cavity volume, and the coupler cavity volume construction is in sleeve-shaped coupler piston
Portion.Here, the inner pin on the border by axially limiting coupler cavity volume can guide coupler to live stroke motion
Plug.In addition, the end section of nozzle needle inserts the fuel that in coupler cavity volume or insertion is hydraulically connected with coupler cavity volume
In cavity volume, so as to which the axial force acted on along closing direction is applied to the end of nozzle needle by the pressure in coupler cavity volume
The end face of section.Realized by the guide part with small gap in the part being connected with coupler cavity volume of nozzle needle and spray
Hydraulically separated between the part surrounded by fuel under high pressure of the bottom of mouth pin.The guide part is directly arranged at
In the bottom parts of coupler piston or it is arranged in seal sleeve, the seal sleeve is arranged in below coupler piston.Coupling
Attach together to put to realize and directly control nozzle needle, in the directly control, the elongation of actuator promotes nozzle needle to open.In order to
Nozzle needle is set to be lifted from its seal receptacle, sleeve-shaped coupler piston is relative to inner pin towards the direction of the seal receptacle of nozzle needle
It is mobile, so as to which coupler cavity volume increases.The pressure in coupler cavity volume occurred therewith, which reduces, to be caused, and nozzle needle enters coupling
In device cavity volume or enter with coupler cavity volume is connected, in fuel cavity volume above end section positioned at nozzle needle.Here,
Nozzle needle lifts from its seal receptacle.Therefore, cause to commutate by coupling device.That is, only when to be sprayed,
Then piezoelectric actuator must be electrically charged.In injection interval, piezoelectric actuator electric discharge.Therefore, piezoelectric actuator is so reduced
Load, to cause the service life of actuator to improve.In addition, contributing to this, piezoelectric actuator is arranged in fuel injection
In the area of low pressure of device, that is to say, that the piezoelectric actuator is not subjected to the loading by high pressure.This is additionally realized, and is promoted
Dynamic device is encapsulated in the actuator module surrounded by metal sleeve, and therefore reliably and fully avoids fuel and actuator
Between contact.If use this possibility, then actuator must be substituted in the correct way and actuator module is discussed.
However, because the difference is unessential within the scope of the invention, below term " actuator " is also served as being used for
The synonym of " actuator module " uses.In addition, described coupling device is simply constructed and needs only to small structure
Space.
Preferably, coupler piston is loaded by the elastic force of compression spring, on the one hand the compression spring is supported on coupler
On the other hand supported on piston and in housing side.When end is shunk to piezoelectric actuator energization and the piezoelectric actuator
When, the elastic force of compression spring extrudes coupler piston towards the direction of piezoelectric actuator and promotes coupler to live by this way
The return of plug is in situ.In addition, the elastic force of compression spring is used to make actuator pretension with the compression stress of machinery in inactive state.
Therefore avoid, the part of at least actuator ceramics is operationally subjected to tension, and this can cause to damage actuator.Especially
Ground, the danger at the beginning of discharge process after the charging process of actuator terminates and directly mainly directly be present.
In addition, in order to transmit power, power transmission part is disposed with preferably between piezoelectric actuator and coupling device.The power
Transferring member preferably includes through the pin shape section of pressing plate and the disc portion for vertically supporting sleeve-shaped coupler piston
Section.The pressing plate passed through by the pin shape section of power transmission part is preferably used for the area of low pressure and high-pressure area of fuel injector
Separate.It is preferred that the diameter selection of the pin shape section of power transmission part is as small as possible and/or is arranged in pressing plate
The guiding clearance selection in the hole for receiving pin shape section is as narrow as possible.Alternatively or addedly, power transmission part
Pin shape section can be surrounded in high-pressure area by seal sleeve, the seal sleeve is preferably supported on pressure by undercut
On plate.Meanwhile if the guiding clearance in pressing plate be designed as it is big, then the configuration realizes power including seal sleeve and passed
Part is passed to move along radial direction and it is achieved that compensate possible journal offset.In addition, produced by seal sleeve low
Intermediate pressure section is relative to the extraordinary sealing in high-pressure area.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, inner pin integratedly constructs with coupler board.
Set according to the interchangeable preferred embodiment of the present invention, inner pin can swingingly and/or can be along
Radial direction is movably supported in the hole of coupler board.Here, coupler board is used as other housing parts and can example
As being axially connected with foregoing pressing plate.Moved to realize along radial direction, the hole of coupler board is necessarily provided with enough
Gap, inner pin is received in the hole.Further, it is preferable to internally pin goes up the support of formation level or spherical shaping
Face, inner pin are supported in coupler board by the supporting surface.Such as internally pin on construct it is with plane or it is spherical into
The lug area in side of the supporting surface of type, inner pin can be supported movably and/or swingingly by the supporting surface.
In order to realize that inner pin radially moves, construction internally pin on supporting surface be preferably configured to plane and
On the supporting surface constructed with being supported on the reverse symmetry of coupler board.In order to swingingly support inner pin, the inner pin
Supporting surface preferably has the supporting surface of spherical shaping, and inner pin is supported on the plane earth of coupler, circle by the supporting surface
On the supporting surface conically or being spherically molded.Alternatively, however or addedly, can also internally sell with coupler board it
Between insert among ring, the middle ring advantageously achieves inner pin and not only swings relative to coupler board but also radially move
It is dynamic.
Preferably, coupler board has at least one other dead slot as input hole and/or break-through opening.As defeated
The dead slot for entering hole is preferably laterally arranged and continues to extend in input hole that is constructing in keeping body and laterally arranging.
Input hole can be structured as slightly angled extending internally, so that the pressure hole connection in the input hole and nozzle body of keeping body.
In addition, at least one other dead slot is provided for sleeve-shaped coupler piston or for integratedly connecting with coupler piston
The break-through opening of the force transmission element connect.This force transmission element can for example be configured to pin shape, and relative to each other
It is arranged in equal angular distance in the axial extension of coupler piston.Substitute the element of pin shape, the portion of coupler piston
The wall segment of cyclotomy shape is also used as force transmission element.Cross section phase of the dead slot of coupler board preferably with force transmission element
Matching.However, it must be ensured here that coupler piston keeps moving in the axial direction.
Moreover, it is proposed that inner pin is loaded by the elastic force of compression spring, on the one hand the compression spring is supported on coupler board
Upper and another aspect is supported on the convex shoulder radially extended of inner pin.When inner pin swingingly and/or can move radially
When ground is arranged, what this was particularly applicable.If for support spring, the convex shoulder radially extended, which is internally sold to inner radial, to be taken
To, then the groove constructed for this that end that is that spring can be structured as cone and being narrowed with it is acted in inner pin
In.However, this outer spring can also be configured to cylinder and be supported on the convex shoulder radially extended, the convex shoulder to radially
Outside extension.Therefore, a sleeve can be for example pressed in inner pin.Even if work as in closing process in coupler cavity volume
When the dynamic overpressure peak of middle appearance is caused towards the direction extruding inner pin of piezoelectric actuator, the elastic force of spring also keeps interior
Portion's pin contacts with coupler board.
In addition, nozzle needle is preferably also loaded by the elastic force of compression spring, wherein, the compression spring one side is directly
It is supported on coupler piston or is supported on coupler piston indirectly by seal sleeve and is on the other hand supported on
On nozzle needle.
In addition, the end section of nozzle needle can be transported stroke in the hole directly in the region of the bottom parts of coupler piston
It is directed dynamicly.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end section of the nozzle needle stroke motion in seal sleeve
Ground is directed, and the seal sleeve is loaded by the elastic force of compression spring towards the direction of coupler piston, and is preferably arranged
In the lower section of coupler piston.In addition, seal sleeve is preferably arranged between coupler piston and compression spring, so as to seal
Sleeve keeps the end contact with the bottom of coupler piston by the elastic force of compression spring.Preferably, seal sleeve, nozzle needle
End section and coupler piston limit the border of fuel cavity volume, the fuel cavity volume is connected with coupler cavity volume.The company
Connecing to be accomplished by the following way, i.e., the end section of nozzle needle passes through coupling above its guide part in seal sleeve
In hole insertion coupler cavity volume in the bottom parts of device piston, and hole in the bottom parts of coupler piston and nozzle needle
Big diametric clearance between end section be present.By seal sleeve surround fuel cavity volume be connected with coupler cavity volume another
Possibility is that nozzle needle is merely configured as what is so grown, to cause the upper surface of its end section to be located at coupler piston
In the region of seal sleeve below lower surface, and by under seal sleeve, the end section of nozzle needle and coupler piston
Passage in the bottom parts that the cavity volume of end face limited boundary passes through coupler piston with it is being surrounded by coupler piston and inner pin,
Initial coupler cavity volume connection.Here, the passage is preferably configured to hole, wherein, its diameter can now be less than nozzle
The diameter of the end section of pin.In the further scheme of the embodiment, the passage is configured to throttle position.Passage is made
Overcome hydraulic vibration and/or mechanical oscillation are inspired in the region of nozzle needle for the construction of throttle position.
The embodiment that nozzle needle can be directed in seal sleeve can compensate for coupler piston and nozzle needle it
Between journal offset tolerance, wherein, it is while close relative to high-pressure area by the guiding clearance between seal sleeve and nozzle needle
Seal coupler cavity volume.
Remark additionally herein, coupling device is essential safe type.Because in case of a fault, for example when cursorily long
Between to actuator charge in the case of, coupler cavity volume is little by little full of, and therefore cause close nozzle needle.Surround coupling dress
The high-pressure chamber put can also act as additional pressure reservoir (so-called " Minirail (miniature rail) ").
Further preferably, it is determined that throttle position be arranged in the flow area between nozzle needle and pressure hole, so as to
The power closed in the state of unlatching acts on nozzle needle all the time.Because when nozzle is opened, then the pressure on nozzle carrier due to
Throttle position is always slightly less than the pressure in the region of coupling device.In addition, the throttle position overcomes or damped
Hydraulic vibration and mechanical oscillation in the region of nozzle needle.Exceed system in coupler cavity volume in addition, overcoming in this way
The pressure of pressure rises.
Advantageously, power transmission part is loaded by the elastic force of compression spring, on the one hand the compression spring directly or indirectly leads to
It is supported on pressing plate with crossing seal sleeve, and is on the other hand supported in the plate-like section of power transmission part.Enclosed in seal sleeve
In the arrangement of the pin shape section of power transmission part, compression spring keeps seal sleeve to be contacted with pressing plate.Realize in this way
Optimal sealing.In addition, in the case that composition is measured as sufficiently large guiding clearance simultaneously between power transmission part and pressing plate, it is close
The arrangement of big envelope cylinder realizes power transmission part and can radially moved relative to pressing plate.Therefore can equally be mended by the arrangement
Repay possible journal offset.
Itd is proposed as further step, regulating part is arranged between power transmission part and piezoelectric actuator.Pass through regulating part
Height can influence the height of coupler cavity volume.In addition, actuator force is delivered evenly to by power transmission part by regulating part
On.Alternatively, described regulating part can also be arranged between power transmission part and coupler piston.
Moreover, it is proposed that being disposed with sleeve-shaped housing parts between coupler board and nozzle body, the housing parts are at least
Partly receive coupling device.Therefore, sleeve-shaped housing parts are loaded by high pressure, and the high pressure surrounds coupling device.According to structure
The size of the pressure chamber inside sleeve-shaped housing parts is made, the pressure chamber may be used as so-called " miniature rail ".
The advantages of high service life, is had according to the fuel injector of the present invention.Because on the one hand piezoelectric actuator is arranged
In area of low pressure, on the other hand it can be coupled by the coupler that direction is reversed with nozzle needle, so that when to be sprayed,
Only charged to piezoelectric actuator.In contrast to this, in injection interval, piezoelectric actuator electric discharge.In order to realize setting side
To the coupling device of reverse, simply construct and need only to few structure space.Because coupling device is arranged in higher-pressure region
In domain, wherein, fuel under high pressure surrounds coupling device, and the guiding clearance overcome in the guiding area of coupling device is expanded
Greatly.Therefore, coupler leakage is reduced in addition with pressure and temperature about influence of the ground to function.In addition, by means of simple
Measure can realize the possible journal offset of compensation.
Premise is manufactured in other words as needed, can be in all parts, such as nozzle needle, coupler piston, power transmission part
Integral construction and modular construction between select.That is, for example it ought be had the advantage that for manufacture or installation
When, these components can be divided into multiple components on arbitrary position.Such as can be with through the force transmission element of coupler board
Coupler piston is integratedly constructed or integratedly constructed with power transmission part.In addition, the force transmission element can be used as individually
Component exist.
The piezoelectric actuator received in the area of low pressure of keeping body being packaged as shown in following accompanying drawings,
Or alternatively sealed by means of diaphragm relative to the fuel being under low pressure for filling up actuator cavity, wherein preferably,
It is embedded between actuator head and the inwall of keeping body to the diaphragm seal.Further, it is preferable to it can be filled up with the filler of heat conduction
Intermediate space between actuator and keeping body, to make radiating reach optimum degree.
Brief description of the drawings
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained below according to accompanying drawing.In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 shows the partial longitudinal section figure dissected according to the fuel injector of the present invention,
Fig. 2 shows the Local map of Fig. 1 amplification in the region of coupling device,
Fig. 3 show to dissect in the region of coupler board Fig. 1 fuel injector cross-sectional view,
Fig. 4 shows Fig. 1 fuel injector in open position, i.e. when piezoelectric actuator charges,
Fig. 5 shows another longitudinal section according to the power transmission part of the fuel injector of the present invention of dissecting,
Fig. 6 a show another partial longitudinal section figure according to the coupling device of the fuel injector of the present invention of dissecting,
Fig. 6 b show to dissect the partial longitudinal section figure of coupling device, and the coupling device is for being filled according to Fig. 6 a coupling
Interchangeable embodiment is put,
Dissect in the region that Fig. 7 a-c show internally to sell according to the present invention fuel injector coupling device it is corresponding
Longitudinal section, and
Dissect in the region that Fig. 8 a-c show internally to sell according to the present invention fuel injector coupling device it is corresponding
Longitudinal section.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 longitudinal section shows the fuel injector according to the present invention in a closed position.Show in fuel
The piezoelectric actuator 6 received in the keeping body 4 of injector, the piezoelectric actuator are supported on power transmission part by regulating part 30
On 14.Power transmission part 14 has pin shape section 16, and the power transmission part passes through pressing plate 15 with the pin shape section, so as to up to
Contacted to regulating part 30.Power transmission part 14 has plate-like section 17, the section and coupling device 7 on its other end
Interaction.The diameter selection of pin shape section 16 is to be significantly less than the diameter of plate-like section, meanwhile, the reception pin of pressing plate 15
The hole of shape section 16 has narrow guiding clearance.It is achieved that receive the area of low pressure 5 of piezoelectric actuator 6 and receive coupling dress
The sealing between 7 high-pressure area 18 is put, and protects piezoelectric actuator 6 from affected by high.Coupling device 7 includes sleeve-shaped
Coupler piston 9, in the Inner Constitution coupler cavity volume 8 of the coupler piston.Coupler piston 9 can axle by inner pin 10
To being movably directed, so as to change coupler cavity volume 8 by axially moving coupler piston 9.In coupler piston 9
The bottom parts 11 opposed with inner pin 10 in construct a hole, the end section 12 of nozzle needle 3 can move axially in the hole
Dynamic ground is received.If it is powered to piezoelectric actuator 6 and extends herein, then the piezoelectric actuator is towards nozzle needle 3
The direction squeeze adjustments part 30 of seal receptacle (not shown) and the power transmission part 14 to be reclined thereon.Here, power transmission part 14 makes
The elastic force of the renitency spring 13 of sleeve-shaped coupler piston 9 moves towards the direction of seal receptacle.Here, coupler cavity volume 8 increases
Greatly, this causes that pressure in coupler cavity volume 8 reduces and the elastic force of the renitency spring 25 of nozzle needle 3 is opened.If knot
Energization of the beam to piezoelectric actuator 6, then the piezoelectric actuator shrinks again, wherein, compression spring 13 makes coupler piston 9
It is returned to power transmission part 14 in corresponding initial position.Coupler cavity volume 8 diminishes and the pressure liter in coupler cavity volume 8
Height, and the elastic force of compression spring 25 cause nozzle needle 3 to be returned in its seal receptacle.Therefore, the stroke motion of nozzle needle 3 arrange
In the pressure hole 1 of nozzle body 2.Figure 4 illustrates the fuel injector in open position.
The Local map of Fig. 2 amplification shows Fig. 1 fuel injector in the region of coupling device 7.Show sleeve
The end section 12 of shape coupler piston 9, inner pin 10 and nozzle needle 3, the end section is in the bottom of coupler piston 9
It is directed in part 11.Nozzle needle 3 is hydraulically coupled by coupler cavity volume 8 with piezoelectric actuator 6.Therefore, axial direction can be passed through
Ground movement coupler piston 9 changes coupler cavity volume 8 and the caused pressure in coupler cavity volume 8, wherein, promoted by piezoelectricity
Dynamic device 6, which is realized, axially moves coupler piston 9.The power (see the black arrow in Fig. 2) of piezoelectric actuator 6 is towards nozzle needle 3
Seal receptacle direction extruding coupler piston 9, therefore, the pressure in coupler cavity volume 8 reduces and nozzle needle 3 is in reverse to pressure
The force direction of electrical actuator 6 is opened.Therefore, realize that direction is reversed by the coupling device 7 shown in Fig. 2, the direction is reversed
The nozzle needle 3 when piezoelectric actuator 6 elongates is caused to be moved to piezoelectric actuator 6.
Fig. 3 show to dissect Fig. 1 injector cross section, wherein, the section provided with coupler board 20 of dissecting.In figure 3
The diameter region of inner pin 10 is shown respectively, the inner pin integratedly constructs with coupler board 20 herein.Inner pin 10
The diameter region is surrounded by dead slot, wherein, the dead slot 22 of two kidney shapes is used as the force transmission element 33 for coupler piston 9
Break-through opening, and the dead slot laterally arranged is used as input hole 21.It is internal in the interchangeable embodiment of the present invention
Pin 10 can also be configured to single component and be received in the hole 19 of coupler board.Here, inner pin 10 is in coupler
Supporting in the hole 19 of plate 20 can be configured differently.Therefore, specific embodiment can be drawn from Fig. 7 a-c and 8a-c.
Fig. 7 a-c show following embodiments, and possible journal offset is can compensate for by means of the embodiment.Therefore,
Inner pin 10 (see Fig. 7 a) or swingingly can be supported in the hole 19 of coupler board 20 in which can move radially (see Fig. 7 b).Pass through
Internally pin 10 and the supporting surface of the plane in coupler board 20 realize the mobility of radial direction, and the supporting surface of spherical shaping
The swingable property of inner pin 10 is ensure that (see Fig. 7 b).The combination of two kinds of frees degree can be real by the embodiment according to Fig. 7 c
Existing, in said embodiment, middle ring 32 is arranged between inner pin 10 and coupler board 20.Middle ring 32 not only realizes
Inner pin 10 radially moves to middle ring 32 and thus relative to coupler board 20, and realize middle ring 32 and by
This inner pin 10 is swung relative to coupler board 20.
In addition Fig. 8 a-c are corresponded to, inner pin 10 is loaded by the elastic force of compression spring 23, on the one hand the compression spring props up
On the other hand support internally on the convex shoulder 24 of the radial direction of pin 10 and is supported in coupler board 20.Because the convex shoulder 24 of radial direction to
Inner radial extends, and compression spring 23 shapes conically.However, necessary to this is not pressure, because the convex shoulder radially extended
24 can also extend to radially outer, so as to use the spring 23 of cylinder.
Fig. 5 shows an interchangeable embodiment of the fuel injector according to the present invention, in the fuel injector
In, power transmission part 14 is surrounded in its pin shape section 16 by seal sleeve 29.Seal sleeve 29 be supported on pressing plate 15 and
Keep contacting with pressing plate 15 by the elastic force of compression spring 28.Therefore, the one side of compression spring 28 is supported on seal sleeve 29, and
And on the other hand it is supported in the plate-like section 17 of power transmission part 14.Moreover, the pin shape of the reception power transmission part 14 of pressing plate 15
The hole of section 16 has larger guiding clearance, so as to which for the purpose for compensating possible journal offset, power transmission part 14 can
Radially move.Meanwhile sealing of the area of low pressure 5 relative to high-pressure area 18 is realized by seal sleeve 29.Except to axle
Line skew is carried out beyond possible compensation, and other advantages that the embodiment has are caused pressure in high-pressure area 18
Realize the guiding clearance between reduction seal sleeve 29 and power transmission part 14.Overcome and generally raised in high pressure in this way
When leakage in power transmission part 14 on guide part in pressing plate 15 inevitable increase.
In addition, a kind of comparable arrangement can be provided for making coupler cavity volume 8 as shown in FIG. 6 a relative to height
Intermediate pressure section 18 seals, wherein, seal sleeve 26 surrounds the end section 12 of nozzle needle 3.In hole, here, can fanging noz(zle) pin 3
The hole of end section 12 be also equipped with enough guiding clearances, so as to pass through radially moving nozzle pin 3 and sealing shroud
Cylinder 26 can compensate for possible journal offset.Seal sleeve 26 is further through compression spring 25 relative to coupler piston 9 by axial direction
Ground pretension, wherein, on the one hand compression spring 25 is supported on the convex shoulder 27 radially extended of nozzle needle 3 and on the other hand supported
On seal sleeve 26.
Fig. 6 b show the further scheme of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 a.Here, it is constructed so as to sealing for nozzle needle 3
The end section 12 being directed in sleeve 26, make it that end face is had been arranged in seal sleeve 26 thereon, be arranged in coupling
The lower section of the lower surface of device piston 9.Therefore the diameter in the hole in the bottom parts 11 of coupler piston 9 can be significantly reduced.
That is the hole now need not fanging noz(zle) pin 3 again, but only must also be in the coupler cavity volume 8 or coupler of reality
Establish the connection of hydraulic pressure between part cavity volume A and coupler section cavity volume B, the coupler cavity volume 8 coupler section in other words
Cavity volume A is formed between coupler piston 9 and inner pin 10, inside shapes of the coupler section cavity volume B in seal sleeve 26
Into.Particularly advantageously, the hole in the bottom parts 11 of coupler piston 9 is configured to throttle position.In the described situation, coupling
When device piston 9 and/or nozzle needle 3 move every time, pressure drop is produced on the hole, the pressure drop is applied to damping nozzle needle
Hydraulic vibration and/or mechanical oscillation in 3 region.
In addition, hole in the bottom parts 11 of coupler piston 9 can with its whether the nothing of end section 12 of fanging noz(zle) pin 3
It is also configured as the passage with non-circular cross section with closing.
The high pressure for surrounding coupling device 7 may be used as additional pressure reservoir or " Minirail is (micro- as so-called
Type rail) ".In order to construct pressure reservoir, as previously mentioned, coupling device 7 is surrounded by sleeve-shaped housing parts 31, the housing
It is partially disposed between coupler board 20 and nozzle body 2.All housing parts, particularly keeping body 4, pressing plate 15, coupler
Plate 20, housing parts 31 and nozzle body 2 can be axially fixed relative to each other by locking nut (not shown).Therefore,
The housing parts are realized to seal relative to each other.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of fuel injector for fuel injection system, it include can in the pressure hole (1) of nozzle body (2) stroke
What is be directed to motion is used to open and close at least one nozzle needle (3) for spraying opening, is received in area of low pressure (5)
Be used for directly control the nozzle needle (3) stroke motion piezoelectric actuator (6) and coupling device (7), the piezoelectricity
Actuator (6) can hydraulically be coupled by the coupling device with the nozzle needle (3), it is characterised in that the coupling dress
Putting (7) includes coupler cavity volume (8), and the coupler cavity volume is constructed in the inside of sleeve-shaped coupler piston (9), wherein, institute
Stating coupler piston (9) can stroke by axially limiting the inner pin (10) on the border of the coupler cavity volume (8)
Motion ground is directed, the end section (12) of the nozzle needle (3) extend into the coupler cavity volume (8) or extend into and
In the fuel cavity volume of coupler cavity volume (8) connection,
Power transmission part (14), the power transmission part bag are disposed between the piezoelectric actuator (6) and the coupling device (7)
Include through the pin shape section (16) of pressing plate (15) and the disc portion for vertically supporting the sleeve-shaped coupler piston (9)
Section (17), wherein, the pressing plate (15) separates the area of low pressure (5) of the fuel injector with high-pressure area (18).
2. fuel injector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coupler piston (9) is by compression spring
(13) on the one hand elastic force loading, the compression spring are supported on the coupler piston (9) and on the other hand in housing
Side is supported.
3. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the inner pin (10) and coupler board
(20) integratedly construct.
4. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the inner pin (10) can swingingly and/or
Can movably it be supported on along radial direction in the hole (19) of coupler board (20).
5. fuel injector according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the coupler board (20) has at least one another
Outer is used as input hole (21) and/or the dead slot as break-through opening (22).
6. fuel injector according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the inner pin (10) is by compression spring (23)
Elastic force loads, on the one hand the compression spring is supported in the coupler board (20) and is on the other hand supported on the inside
On the convex shoulder (24) radially extended for selling (10).
7. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the end section (12) of the nozzle needle (3)
It is directed Kong Zhongke stroke motions in bottom parts (11) region of the coupler piston (9).
8. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the end section (12) of the nozzle needle (3)
It can be directed in seal sleeve (26), the seal sleeve is by the elastic force of compression spring (25) towards the coupling stroke motion
The direction loading of clutch piston (9), it is preferable that the seal sleeve (26), the end section (12) of the nozzle needle (3)
The border for the fuel cavity volume being connected with the coupler cavity volume (8) is limited with the coupler piston (9).
9. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the power transmission part (14) is by compression spring
(28) on the one hand elastic force loading, the compression spring are directly or indirectly supported on the pressure by seal sleeve (29)
On plate (15) and on the other hand it is supported in the plate-like section (17) of the power transmission part (14).
10. fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the power transmission part (14) and the pressure
Regulating part (30) is disposed between electrical actuator (6) or between the power transmission part (14) and the coupler piston (9).
11. fuel injector according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the coupler board (20) and the nozzle
Sleeve-shaped housing parts (31) are disposed between body (2), the sleeve-shaped housing parts receive the coupling dress at least in part
Put (7).
12. fuel injector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fuel injection system is common rail injection system
System.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012219867.9A DE102012219867A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Fuel injector with piezo actuator |
| DE102012219867.9 | 2012-10-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/070073 WO2014067720A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2013-09-26 | Fuel injector comprising a piezoactuator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104769269A CN104769269A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN104769269B true CN104769269B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
Family
ID=49274632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380056149.5A Active CN104769269B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2013-09-26 | Fuel injector with piezoelectric actuator |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2914838B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104769269B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012219867A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014067720A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201415539D0 (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-10-15 | Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.�.R.L. | Fuel injector |
| DE102015219912B3 (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-06 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Piezo injector for fuel injection |
| DE102015224554A1 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dosing device for an electrically insulating medium |
| CN106870230B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-09-24 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of common-rail injector |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006021491A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector with directly operable nozzle needle |
| JP2010019147A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-28 | Nippon Soken Inc | Fuel injection valve |
| DE102009001131A1 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel injector |
| JP5024320B2 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-09-12 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection valve |
| DE102010040581A1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 | Fuel injector and method for producing and / or mounting a nozzle needle assembly |
| DE102010029123A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector with hydraulic coupler unit |
-
2012
- 2012-10-30 DE DE102012219867.9A patent/DE102012219867A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-09-26 CN CN201380056149.5A patent/CN104769269B/en active Active
- 2013-09-26 EP EP13770891.3A patent/EP2914838B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-09-26 WO PCT/EP2013/070073 patent/WO2014067720A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2914838A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
| WO2014067720A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
| EP2914838B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
| DE102012219867A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN104769269A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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