CN104768846A - 高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机系统(ham-vawt) - Google Patents
高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机系统(ham-vawt) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)的功能已经进行了改进以便于有效利用在高海拔以及不存在弱风况的地理位置的限制。所提出的VAWT系统可以以最小结构前置时间建立并且无需长年的风测量和/或分析。氦升降传输工具被设计为持续校准VAWT系统至其设计风速存在的最优高度,因此确保其在任何时间以最大效率工作。氦传输工具配有一舵,升降机,以及两个航空器发动机以使其能够上升/下降和机动性。氦传输工具由一持续监控不同天气指标的气象站控制和引导。
Description
I.技术领域
本发明涉及使用垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)从风能生产电力,或者其它有用的产品。
II.背景技术
在一垂直轴风力涡轮机中,来自自然风的能量旋转涡轮机叶片,其被支撑在一垂直轴上,并将其转换为电力,或其它有用的产品。具有这样的一系统,任何空气动力叶片(机翼)在低风速下的性能差并且叶片在低旋转速度下可能失速。任何风力涡轮机系统的安装因此在地理上被限制和限于放置在令人满意的风况存在的地方。这是因为任何风力涡轮机需要一稳定的风速以在50/60Hz的恒定频率下有效地产生电力。在一线圈电场发电机与VAWT一起被使用的情况下,所产生的电功率的30%通常在自激发电机或者被交替使用的一永磁发电机中损耗。另一方面,永磁发电机给VAWT系统带来一相对较高的总系统重量和较高的系统成本的缺点。在磁悬浮VAWT设计中,永久磁铁被用于磁性地悬浮涡轮机系统垂直于一转轴,作为用于常规风力涡轮机上使用的球轴承的一有效替代。
如在现有技术中和/或具有类似概念的机器所示的风力涡轮机的实施例由美国专利号:2634177,3140850,3719377,和4494008给出,其公开内容在此引用参考。
本发明提供了现有技术的磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)的改进。本发明的高海拔磁悬浮(HAM)VAWT系统包括一氦升降传输工具以持续校准VAWT系统至其设计风速存在的最优高度。本发明还包括一较小的VAWT以从外部激励主VAWT的发电机的线圈电场,以减少通常发生在同步发电机的功率损耗。
为了避免它们可能退磁,用于实现设计的磁悬浮部分的永久磁铁也被替换为由较小的VAWT提供的一电流激励的线圈电场。在一个实施例中,本发明的系统提供了一高度自校准高效风能利用设备,其明智地在任何地理位置的最优风况下放置VAWT确保其在任何时间以最大效率工作。
III.发明内容
在一第一实施例中,本发明的高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机(HAM-VAWT)系统包括一个或两个永久地固定至一氦气传输工具结构的磁悬浮VAWT,在其结构中也承载了通过持续监控和记录所有的天气相关的指标(例如环境温度,大气压力,风速等)控制VAWT系统的标高的一气象站。来自气象站的数据将命令氦气传输工具或上升或下降,以自校准自身置于VAWT设计风速存在的最优风况下。风流入主(较大)VAWT(7)将旋转其叶片以有效地产生预期的额定电功率。本发明的系统被设计为它可以被远程操作。
在另一实施例中,每个磁悬浮VAWT系统包括两个通过它们的发电机底盖连接在一起的磁性地悬浮(磁悬浮)VAWTs。两个VAWTs都配有替代永久磁铁的线圈电场同步发电机,以避免其相对较重总重量和可能的长期退磁。这个改变允许一等效系统的重量减少约三分之二。这是本发明的系统的一先决条件,因为它具有提供氦升降传输工具可以承载的有效负载允许内的最大装机功率容量的进一步的目的。较小的VAWT(8)具有激励包括提供磁悬浮效应的线圈电场的两发电机内的所有线圈电场的目的。较大的VAWT(7)是产生本发明的系统计划的额定电功率的主风力发电机。包含在一金属箱框架(6)内的VAWT系统被牢固地紧固至氦升降传输工具上。该金属箱框架可以配有四个风拦截器,以为了更多的发电引导较大的风量进入叶片。当前发明的各个VAWT系统被设计为具有250kW的一装机容量和约2100kg的一总重量,并且被连接至一电缆(9)将电力输出传输至地面上的预期用户。
平行于电缆的一钢索(10)还被用于固定VAWT系统至地面上的一特定位置,其中用于系统的一着陆架被构建。
在另一实施例中,氦升降传输工具具有约750kg的一总重量的一球形轻质金属结构。该结构由在两者顶点并且以至彼此120°的一角度彼此绑定的3个圆形碳纤维桁架组成。每个圆形桁架(11)进一步由一六边形结构(12)内部支撑以提高结构的整体刚度。该碳纤维桁架的所有独立元件具有一三角形排列并且由该结构内周密间隔的结板紧固在一起。外部包膜(1)是被覆盖有一纳米基底层的一聚酯防撕裂织物,以使其防风雨,即雨水,并且太阳的光和热不会影响其耐久性。两个半球形(13)的氦气袋被放置在圆形金属结构的中心,这给予了本发明的系统以上升/下降和易机动性的能力。
该氦升降传输工具可以配有具有高达120°的一旋转角度的两个螺旋桨和一舵(2)和两个升降机(3),以使得本发明的系统能够上升/下降和机动性。每个螺旋桨(4)可以由一110kW的电动马达或一强劲的150马力的航空器发动机驱动。该氦气袋的总体积将决定该氦升降传输工具能够承载的最大起飞负载。对于250kW装机容量的一VAWT系统,该氦气半球将具有约20米的一直径,而一500kW的VAWT系统将需要具有一24.5米直径的一氦气球。该500kW的VAWT系统基本上是在其之间留有必要的空间的两个250kW的VAWT系统适当地固定在球形结构下。
在另一实施例中,本发明的系统包括具有通过利用最新的数字传感器和数据记录器持续监控和记录所有的天气相关的指标(例如环境温度,大气压力,风速等)控制当前发明的系统的标高的主要目的一气象站(5)。来自气象站的数据将命令氦气传输工具或上升或下降,以自校准自身至VAWT设计风速存在的最优风况内。
因此本发明具有使用垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)系统从风能产生电力或其它有用的产品的主要目的。
本发明具有提供利用风能的一改进设备的进一步的目的,其可以以最小结构前置时间建立并且无需长年的风测量和/或分析。
本发明具有提供通过在相关高度自校准VAWT系统利用风能的一改进设备的进一步的目的,其中最优风况存在以确保其在任何时间以最大效率工作。
本发明具有提供在高海拔的一气象站以监控天气系统的进一步的目的,并且其中也可以设置一自然灾害报警系统。
本发明具有改进在任何给定的地理位置的无论多弱的风况的一磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)系统的有效性和效率的进一步的目的。
IV.附图说明
图(1)提供了本发明的高海拔磁悬浮VAWT(HAM-VAWT)的一剖切透视的一3D表示,示出了在球形包膜内的球形金属结构和氦气袋的多种布置。
图(2)提供了本发明的系统的一3D仰视图,说明了具有在气象站机舱下方安装的两个250kW VAWT系统的可能性。
图(3)提供了两个同步发电机(励磁机和主发电机)的一剖切透视,连同线圈电场提供磁悬浮效应。
Claims (5)
1.一高海拔磁悬浮(HAM)垂直轴风力涡轮机(VAWT)系统,其特征在于,包括:
(a)一第一部件具有一个或两个磁悬浮VAWT系统,其中每个系统配有两个通过它们的发电机底盖连接在一起的磁悬浮VAWT,作为将风能转换为电能和/或有用产品的一工具;
(b)一第二部件具有一远程控制的球形氦气传输工具其具有多个金属三角形桁架以圆形和六边形结构方式紧固在一起,作为承载和校准1(a)的VAWT系统至其设计风速存在的最优高度的一有效工具;
(c)一第三部件具有一气象站,作为控制当前发明的系统的标高并且持续引导氦升降传输工具至所需的最优高度内的一工具。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机系统,其特征在于,小VAWT的输出用于激励主(较大的)VAWT的发电机,以产生本发明的系统的额定电功率。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机系统,其特征在于,进一步包括两个氦气袋,以允许支撑等效于最多两个VAWT系统的重量的一总有效负载。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高海拔磁悬浮垂直轴风力涡轮机系统,其特征在于,配有一舵,升降机,以及两个航空器发动机以使本发明的系统能够上升/下降和机动性至所需的高度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的磁悬浮VAWT系统,其特征在于,配有线圈电场替代永久磁铁为两个风力发电机都提供磁悬浮效应。
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DE102019004106B3 (de) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-11-26 | Andreas Nuske | Ballongeführter Höhenwindturbinengenerator zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie |
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2012
- 2012-06-20 CN CN201280075260.4A patent/CN104768846B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-20 WO PCT/EG2012/000021 patent/WO2013189503A2/en active Application Filing
- 2012-06-20 DE DE112012006563.8T patent/DE112012006563T5/de not_active Withdrawn
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CN2464635Y (zh) * | 2001-01-15 | 2001-12-12 | 田洪军 | 浮力飞行器 |
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US20100213718A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Kelly Patrick D | Reciprocating system with buoyant aircraft, spinnaker sail, and heavy cars for generating electric power |
CN201457734U (zh) * | 2009-07-15 | 2010-05-12 | 唐应平 | 太阳能飞艇 |
US20110070083A1 (en) * | 2009-09-19 | 2011-03-24 | Salomo Murtonen | Streamlined Wind Turbine Optimized for Laminar Layer |
CN102135069A (zh) * | 2010-01-21 | 2011-07-27 | 王晓川 | 磁悬浮竖轴风力发电 |
CN102182624A (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-09-14 | 南京工业大学 | 一种五自由度磁悬浮水平轴直驱式风力发电机 |
Also Published As
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DE112012006563T5 (de) | 2015-03-26 |
WO2013189503A3 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
WO2013189503A2 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
CN104768846B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
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