CN104768077B - CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect - Google Patents
CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN104768077B CN104768077B CN201510109201.XA CN201510109201A CN104768077B CN 104768077 B CN104768077 B CN 104768077B CN 201510109201 A CN201510109201 A CN 201510109201A CN 104768077 B CN104768077 B CN 104768077B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6131—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect.The sampling to CMMB time-domain signals is carried out first；Then the fast coarse symbol timing synchronization in two stages is carried out to CMMB time domain sampled datas：The small point Schmidl＆Cox that first stage enters between-line spacing sampling to CMMB time domain sampled datas is synchronous, exchanges high synchronizing speed for low synchronous requirement, time slot position fast and effeciently is positioned at into a relatively minizone for including peak value platform；Second stage synchronously finds time slot position compared with carrying out more accurate traditional Schmidl＆Cox in minizone above-mentioned.The present invention is synchronous using a wide range of interval sampling of first stage, effectively increases the arithmetic speed of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization, using the small range high-precise synchronization of second stage, ensure that the synchronization accuracy of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital broadcasting divisions, it is intended to improves the synchronization process speed of CMMB signals, proposes a kind of based on flat
The CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods of platform effect.
Background technology
China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting TV (China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting, CMMB) uses
State-of-the-art channel error correction coding and OFDM (OFDM) modulation technique, improve the ability of resisting various interference and right
Ambulant support.CMMB signal frames are divided into 40 time slots, and each time slot includes 1 identification signal of transmitter, 2 synchronizing signals
With 53 OFDM symbols etc., wherein information, its content such as OFDM symbol carrying video, audio is particularly significant.
Because channel delay and receiving terminal send the unknown of signal definite moment to transmitting terminal, what receiving terminal primarily solved asks
Topic is exactly to find the accurate location of OFDM symbol, could carry out correct OFDM demodulation, i.e. timing synchronization thereafter.For
CMMB system, timing synchronization typically have two methods：OFDM symbol position is directly positioned using the cyclic prefix of OFDM symbol
Put, or utilize synchronizing signal localization time slot position, indirect addressing OFDM symbol position.
Document 1《A kind of OFDM symbol time synchronization method under multipath channel》(CN101848180A) a kind of warp is described
The ofdm system synchronous method of allusion quotation --- Schmidl＆Cox methods, the related fortune of normalization is done by two identical training symbols
Calculate and determine Symbol Timing point.This method is equally applicable to CMMB system, utilizes two identical synchronizations of CMMB signal frames
Signal completes CMMB system timing synchronization, i.e., time domain data is obtained from CMMB time domain samples and carries out related operation, it is most
Big relevant peaks position is Symbol Timing point.Using possible near its Symbol Timing point during this method progress timing synchronization
It is not high in the presence of a flat site, synchronization accuracy.
If directly carrying out high-precision timing synchronization, general amount of calculation is very big, and lock in time is very long, it is difficult to full
Foot is synchronous to be required, thus document 2《Carrier auxiliary and clock synchronization algorithm research in CMMB hand-set digit television systems》(Hangzhou：
Zhejiang University's Information Institute, 2008-5-1, particularly the 37th to 50 page) one kind is described in CMMB system by timing synchronization
It is divided into the synchronous method of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization and thin timing synchronization.Wherein, the task of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization is very fast
The rough position of time slot is found, specific practice is that one synchronizing signal of data-signal and delay received is sampled in time domain
The data of points make normalization correlation, metric function are constructed, according to the thresholding pre-set, when metric function value is more than the thresholding
When, that is, it is thick Symbol Timing point to think the point；The task of thin timing synchronization is to find time slot near thick Symbol Timing point
Accurate location, specific practice be near thick Symbol Timing point, by the data received carry out FFT, utilize OFDM frequency
Scattered pilot in the symbol of domain finds thin Symbol Timing point.It is same that this synchronous method carries out thin Symbol Timing in the small region of search
Step, adds few lock in time, effectively increases timing synchronization precision, but because thick synchronizing speed does not improve,
Its lock in time is still very long.So improve fast coarse symbol timing synchronization on the premise of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization precision is not reduced
Speed is one of key for improving overall symbol Timing Synchronization speed.
Document 3《Based on data-aided packet radio ofdm system simultaneous techniques》(Beijing：Beijing Jiaotong University, 2004-
3-1, particularly the 18th to 27 page) in describe the Schmidl＆Cox methods in CMMB system to be often used as thick Symbol Timing same
Step.There is " platform effect " in the synchronous method, its metric function constructed has peak value platform, i.e., the degree near peak
Flow function value is similar to peak value, when determining Symbol Timing point by peak value, the other positions on peak value platform is easily inquired, one
Determine to add the fuzziness of Symbol Timing in degree.
Very big additionally, due to the data volume of a time slot, the data are carried out with Schmidl＆Cox synchronously needs to do largely
Related operation, lock in time are longer.If the faster fast coarse symbol timing synchronization speed of acquisition, and reduce Schmidl＆Cox synchronizations
The middle sequence length for participating in related operation, can widen the peak value platform of its metric function, and increase Symbol Timing point appears in platform
The possibility of other positions；Or directly enter the Schmidl＆Cox synchronizations of between-line spacing sampling, i.e., it is spaced from CMMB time domain samples
Original position computation measure functional value is chosen, then easily omits Symbol Timing point, both approaches may cause thin symbol to determine
When synchronous region of search do not include correct time slot position, reduce synchronization accuracy.Exist and improve fast coarse symbol timing synchronization
Synchronizing speed when its synchronization accuracy the problem of being easily reduced.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome present in prior art improve fast coarse symbol timing synchronization synchronizing speed when its
The problem of synchronization accuracy is easily reduced, there is provided a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect,
The arithmetic speed of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization can be effectively lifted, while ensure that the synchronization accuracy of fast coarse symbol timing synchronization.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse Symbol Timings based on platform effect are same
One step process, this method handle is slightly synchronously divided into two stages, smaller where quick search time slot position in the first phase first
Region, more accurate fast coarse symbol timing synchronization is then carried out in the region and finds time slot position.
The present invention includes the sampling to CMMB time domain datas, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
Step 1, it is f that the CMMB time-domain signals for being T to time span, which do sample frequency,sSampling, it is N to obtain data volumeall
CMMB time domain sampled data r, wherein NallFor CMMB time domain samples sum；
Step 2, the D points Schmidl＆Cox for carrying out the sampling of N points interval is synchronous；
Step 2.1, N values and D values are selected, wherein D is the related fortune of the one group of participation intercepted in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
The sample value points of the sample sequence of calculation, meet 0 ＜ D ＜ L；N is from being obtained time domain samples in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
Beginning position selection interval, meets 0 ＜ N≤L-D；L is the number of sam-pies of a CMMB synchronizing signal；
Step 2.2, every the selected starting of N number of time domain samples since CMMB time domain sampled datas r the 0th time domain samples
Position n, data progress related operation is obtained in r, and be normalized, until n+2L exceedes time domain samples quantity Nall,
The formula that related operation is carried out in this step is as follows：
Wherein：
* complex conjugate is represented；
M represents the deviation post of the time domain samples that are currently obtained from r relative to nth point in r；
C (n) represents the correlation function that original position is the time domain samples of the time domain samples of nth point and delay L points in r；
R (n) represents the average energy that original position is D time domain samples of the n-th+L points in r；
Γ (n) represents the metric function estimated when original position is nth point in r, and Γ is complete zero array when initial；
Step 3, section A where determining time slot position；
Step 3.1, the metric function Γ obtained according to step 2 finds metric function Γ peak value and peak；
Step 3.2, found respectively from the peak that step 3.1 is found to peak value both sides first be less than α times of peak value and
Γ values are not 0 position PLeftWith PRightRespectively as section A right boundary, i.e. A=[PLeft,PRight], wherein, α is represented
Search PLeftWith PRightWhen threshold coefficient；
Step 4, it is synchronous that traditional Schmidl＆Cox is carried out in the section A that step 3 determines；
The P from CMMB time domain sampled datas rLeftIndividual time domain samples start to select original position n ' by ascending order, are obtained in r
Access is normalized until n ' ＞ P according to progress related operationRight, the formula of related operation is carried out such as in this step
Under：
Wherein：
* complex conjugate is represented；
The time domain samples that m ' expressions currently obtain from r are relative to the deviation post of the n-th ' in r；
C ' (n ') represents that original position is that the time domain samples of the n-th ' are related to the time domain samples of delay L points in r
Function；
R ' (n ') represents the average energy that original position is L time domain samples of the n-th '+L points in r；
Γ ' (n ') represents the metric function estimated when original position is the n-th ' in r, and Γ ' is complete zero array when initial；
Step 5, the metric function Γ ' obtained according to step 4 finds metric function Γ ' peak, the peak
The time slot position as positioned.
Preferably for the CMMB signals that physics layer bandwidth is 8MHz, 25.4095 milliseconds of the T values described in step 1, adopt
Sample frequency is fsTake 10MHz.
Preferably, the α values described in step 3 are 0.2-0.8.
Relative to the beneficial effect of prior art：While ensure that fast coarse symbol timing synchronization precision, effectively increase
Its synchronizing speed.
CMMB signal fast coarse symbol timing synchronizations are divided into two stages by the present invention, in the first stage quick search time slot position
The relatively minizone at place, i.e., exchange faster synchronizing speed for by reducing synchronous requirement.And pass through reduction in this stage
Correlated series points synchronous Schmidl＆Cox, have widened the peak value platform of metric function so that interval sampling substantially will not shadow
Ring to the peak value of metric function and the inquiry of peak value approximate location, and time slot position is on peak value platform or peak value platform is attached
Closely, so this stage can accurately search out the relatively minizone where time slot position.Second stage is much smaller than whole time domain
More accurate fast coarse symbol timing synchronization is carried out in smaller area, ensure that the synchronization accuracy of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is basic skills schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is simulation result figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of simulation result of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the simulation result figure of first stage of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the platform effect figure of invention embodiment first stage；
Fig. 6 is the simulation result figure of invention embodiment second stage；
Table 1 is the simulation result contrast table synchronous with traditional Schmidl＆Cox of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In embodiment, the input signal of selection is the CMMB time-domain signals that physics layer bandwidth is 8MHz；CMMB time domains are believed
Number time span T values be 25.4095 milliseconds；Sample frequency f when being sampled to CMMB time-domain signalssTake 10MHz.
Fig. 1 is basic skills schematic flow sheet of the present invention.It may be seen that the invention mainly includes steps：
Step 1, it is f that the CMMB time-domain signals for being T to time span, which do sample frequency,sSampling, it is N to obtain data volumeall
CMMB time domain sampled data r, wherein NallFor CMMB time domain samples sum.
Step 2, the D points Schmidl＆Cox for carrying out the sampling of N points interval is synchronous；
Step 2.1, N values and D values are selected, wherein D is the related fortune of the one group of participation intercepted in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
The sample value points of the sample sequence of calculation, meet 0 ＜ D ＜ L；N is from being obtained time domain samples in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
Beginning position selection interval, meets 0 ＜ N≤L-D；L is the number of sam-pies of a CMMB synchronizing signal.N takes 8, D in the present embodiment
1024, L is taken to take 2048.
Step 2.2, every the selected starting of N number of time domain samples since CMMB time domain sampled datas r the 0th time domain samples
Position n, data progress related operation is obtained in r, and be normalized, until n+2L exceedes time domain samples quantity Nall,
The formula that related operation is carried out in this step is as follows：
Wherein：
* complex conjugate is represented；
M represents the deviation post of the time domain samples that are currently obtained from r relative to nth point in r；
C (n) represents the correlation function that original position is the time domain samples of the time domain samples of nth point and delay L points in r；
R (n) represents the average energy that original position is D time domain samples of the n-th+L points in r；
Γ (n) represents the metric function estimated when original position is nth point in r, and Γ is complete zero array when initial.
Step 3, section A where determining time slot position；
Step 3.1, the metric function Γ obtained according to step 2 finds metric function Γ peak value and peak；
Step 3.2, found respectively from the peak that step 3.1 is found to peak value both sides first be less than α times of peak value and
Γ values are not 0 position PLeftWith PRightRespectively as section A right boundary, i.e. A=[PLeft,PRight], wherein, α is represented
Search PLeftWith PRightWhen threshold coefficient.α values are 0.2-0.8, and α values are 0.6 in the present embodiment.
Step 4, it is synchronous that traditional Schmidl＆Cox is carried out in the section A that step 3 determines；
The P from CMMB time domain sampled datas rLeftIndividual time domain samples start to select original position n ' by ascending order, are obtained in r
Access is normalized until n ' ＞ P according to progress related operationRight, the formula of related operation is carried out such as in this step
Under：
Wherein：
* complex conjugate is represented；
The time domain samples that m ' expressions currently obtain from r are relative to the deviation post of the n-th ' in r；
C ' (n ') represents that original position is that the time domain samples of the n-th ' are related to the time domain samples of delay L points in r
Function；
R ' (n ') represents the average energy that original position is L time domain samples of the n-th '+L points in r；
Γ ' (n ') represents the metric function estimated when original position is the n-th ' in r, and Γ ' is complete zero array when initial.
Step 5, the metric function Γ ' obtained according to step 4 finds metric function Γ ' peak, the peak
The time slot position as positioned.
To verify the implementation result of the inventive method, the CMMB signal Fast Coarse Symbol Timings based on platform effect have been carried out
The checking of synchronous method accuracy and rapidity.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the simulation result figure of Schmidl＆Cox synchronous method when L is 2048, position location 150385；It is attached
Fig. 3 is the peak partial enlarged drawing for the result that accompanying drawing 2 provides, and does not occur peak value platform as can be seen from the figure,
Because now the points of cross-correlation are counted equal to the data of synchrodata, maximum correlation peak is not in nearby other substantially
Continuous and basically identical degree of correlation data segment.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the emulation knot for the 1024 point Schmidl＆Cox synchronization computings that the sampling of 8 point intervals is done to CMMB time domain datas
Fruit is schemed, and the smaller area sought is [150317,151633], total length 1317, much smaller than total time domain data amount 254095.It is attached
Fig. 5 is that the platform effect occurred during 1024 point Schmidl＆Cox synchronization computings of 8 point intervals sampling is done to CMMB time domain datas,
That is the partial enlarged drawing of the synchronized result peak.Because the points of cross correlation algorithm are counted less than synchrodata, so imitative
Very wide peak value platform be present in true result figure, now time slot position is located in platform or near platform.
Accompanying drawing 6, can be with directly to carry out 2048 points of Schmidl＆Cox synchronizations in zonule [150317,151633]
Find out, the time slot position of its determination is identical with arithmetic result proposed by the present invention.
Table 1 is the operation time of two methods, it can be seen that method arithmetic speed proposed by the present invention is than basic
Fast 81.07 times of Schmidl＆Cox synchronous method, and position location is consistent, while realize CMMB signal fast coarse symbol timing synchronizations
The accuracy and rapidity of method.
Table 1
Claims (3)
1. a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect, including CMMB time domain datas are adopted
Sample, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, it is f that the CMMB time-domain signals for being T to time span, which do sample frequency,sSampling, it is N to obtain data volumeall's
CMMB time domain sampled data r, wherein NallFor CMMB time domain samples sum；
Step 2, the D points Schmidl＆Cox for carrying out the sampling of N points interval is synchronous；
Step 2.1, N values and D values are selected, wherein D is the one group of participation related operation intercepted in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
The sample value points of sample sequence, meet 0 ＜ D ＜ L；N is start bit when time domain samples are obtained in CMMB time domain sampled datas r
Selection interval is put, meets 0 ＜ N≤L-D；L is the number of sam-pies of a CMMB synchronizing signal；
Step 2.2, original position is selected every N number of time domain samples since CMMB time domain sampled datas r the 0th time domain samples
N, data progress related operation is obtained in r, and be normalized, until n+2L exceedes time domain samples quantity Nall, this step
The formula that related operation is carried out in rapid is as follows：
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Wherein：
* complex conjugate is represented；
M represents the deviation post of the time domain samples that are currently obtained from r relative to nth point in r；
C (n) represents the correlation function that original position is the time domain samples of the time domain samples of nth point and delay L points in r；
R (n) represents the average energy that original position is D time domain samples of the n-th+L points in r；
Γ (n) represents the metric function estimated when original position is nth point in r, and Γ is complete zero array when initial；
Step 3, section A where determining time slot position；
Step 3.1, the metric function Γ obtained according to step 2 finds metric function Γ peak value and peak；
Step 3.2, find first respectively from the peak that step 3.1 is found to peak value both sides and be less than α times of peak value and Γ values
It is not 0 position PLeftWith PRightRespectively as section A right boundary, i.e. A=[PLeft,PRight], wherein, α represents to search
PLeftWith PRightWhen threshold coefficient；
Step 4, it is synchronous that traditional Schmidl＆Cox is carried out in the section A that step 3 determines；
The P from CMMB time domain sampled datas rLeftIndividual time domain samples start to select original position n ' by ascending order, and number is obtained in r
According to progress related operation, and it is normalized until n ' ＞ PRight, the formula that related operation is carried out in this step is as follows：
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* complex conjugate is represented；
The time domain samples that m ' expressions currently obtain from r are relative to the deviation post of the n-th ' in r；
C ' (n ') represents the correlation function that original position is the time domain samples of the time domain samples of the n-th ' and delay L points in r；
R ' (n ') represents the average energy that original position is L time domain samples of the n-th '+L points in r；
Γ ' (n ') represents the metric function estimated when original position is the n-th ' in r, and Γ ' is complete zero array when initial；
Step 5, the metric function Γ ' obtained according to step 4 finds metric function Γ ' peak, and the peak is
The time slot position of positioning.
2. a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, for the CMMB signals that physics layer bandwidth is 8MHz, 25.4095 milliseconds of the T values described in step 1, sample frequency
For fsTake 10MHz.
3. a kind of CMMB signal Fast Coarse symbol timing synchronization methods based on platform effect according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, the α values described in step 3 are 0.2-0.8.
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