Background technology
With the intelligentized fast development of China's power network, the reliability of various smart machines seems extremely important.It is wherein golden
The reliability of category Oxide Arrester directly affects the safe operation of other equipment in power system, therefore monitors metal oxide
The working condition of arrester becomes to become more and more important.
Gapless metal-oxide lighting arrester is mainly made up of the part such as insulator, resistor disc and dielectric framework, wherein important
Basic structure is exactly resistor disc, is connected and/or is composed in parallel by metal zinc oxide resistor disc and without between electric discharge in parallel or series
The arrester of gap.Zinc oxide resistance sheet has the nonlinear characteristic being highly profitable, the electricity presented in the case where there is the high voltages such as thunderbolt
Hinder very little, can release a large amount of lightning currents and residual voltage it is very low;Under power network normal operating voltage, the resistance that arrester is presented is very
Greatly, leakage current only has the μ A of 50 μ A ~ 150, and electric current is too small to can be considered no power frequency continued flow.
Because metal oxide arrester does not have discharging gap, zinc oxide resistance sheet bears working voltage for a long time, and lets out
Leakage current constantly flows through each series resistance piece of arrester, and the size of this electric current depends on thermostabilization and the resistor disc of arrester
Degree of aging.Arrester is typically mounted at outdoor, it is easy to makes moist, aging and surface have filth, this all can make arrester just
Often dielectric level over the ground reduces, leakage current increase, directly breakdown and damage.Therefore, can letting out measurement arrester
A kind of important means of the leakage current as monitoring arrester quality condition.
The conventional method of monitoring arrester quality condition is to carry out periodicity prophylactic tria, i.e., under arrester power down mode
Detect arrester direct current 1mA lower critical action reference voltages U1mAWith 75% U1mAUnder leakage current, by experiment can check
Whether the valve block of arrester makes moist, and determines whether its performance meets the requirements.The measurement result of periodicity prophylactic tria is accurate
Reliably, but the arrester under normal operating conditions is intended to receive periodicity prophylactic tria, causes to detect the wasting of resources, detection efficiency
It is low.Also, periodicity prophylactic tria must be carried out arrester power failure, and the cost of arrester quality condition is monitored using the method
It is very high.
The content of the invention
To be solved by this invention is cost height, the efficiency for being monitored using periodicity prophylactic tria arrester quality condition
It is low, detection the wasting of resources the problem of.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provide it is a kind of monitor the warning circuit of arrester deterioration, including piezo-resistance, grip
Streamline circle, first resistor, current transformer, second resistance, voltage comparator circuit, NPN triode, electromagnetic relay, afterflow two
Pole pipe and voice guard;
The output end of one end connection arrester of the piezo-resistance and one end of the choking-winding, the piezo-resistance
The other end connect the current transformer primary coil one end and ground connection, described in the other end connection of the choking-winding
One end of first resistor, the other end of the first resistor connect the other end of the primary coil of the current transformer;
One end of one end connection second resistance of the secondary coil of the current transformer and the voltage ratio are more electric
The input on road, the other end of the secondary coil of the current transformer connect the other end of the second resistance and the NPN
The emitter stage of triode, the output end of the voltage comparator circuit connect the base stage of the NPN triode;
The colelctor electrode of the NPN triode connects one end of the coil of the electromagnetic relay and the fly-wheel diode
Anode, the negative electrode of the fly-wheel diode connect the other end of the coil of the electromagnetic relay and suitable for receiving the first power supply electricity
Pressure, a contact of the electromagnetic relay are suitable to receive second source voltage, and another contact of the electromagnetic relay connects
The power end of the voice guard is connect, the voltage comparator circuit is suitable to the voltage in its input higher than default thresholding electricity
The NPN triode is controlled to turn on during pressure.
Optionally, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration also includes transient voltage suppressor;
One end of the transient voltage suppressor connects the other end of the choking-winding, and the transient voltage suppresses
The other end ground connection of diode.
Optionally, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration also includes the first voltage-regulator diode and the pole of the second voltage stabilizing two
Pipe;
The anode of first voltage-regulator diode connects the other end of the choking-winding, first voltage-regulator diode
Negative electrode connects the negative electrode of second voltage-regulator diode, the plus earth of second voltage-regulator diode.
Optionally, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration also includes filter capacitor;
One end of the filter capacitor connects the output end of the voltage comparator circuit, and the other end of the filter capacitor connects
Connect the other end of the second resistance.
Optionally, the voltage comparator circuit is voltage comparable chip, gas-discharge tube or two-way admittance diode.
Optionally, the electromagnetic relay is dynamic circuit connector type electromagnetic relay.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below:
The warning circuit of monitoring arrester deterioration provided by the invention includes two current loops:One current loop is by pressing
The output end of quick resistance connection arrester directly arrives ground, the thunderbolt electricity released for transmission line of electricity of releasing by arrester when being struck by lightning
Stream;Another current loop is by choking-winding, first resistor, current transformer, second resistance, voltage comparator circuit, the poles of NPN tri-
The devices such as pipe, electromagnetic relay, fly-wheel diode and voice guard are formed, for the leakage current for arrester of releasing, and
The voice guard is controlled to carry out sounding alarm when the leakage current peak value of arrester is more than the current value of setting.Power transmission line
Road tour personnel by check the voice guard whether sounding, can intuitively judge arrester whether need carry out the cycle
Property prophylactic tria, so as to save detection resource, improve detection efficiency, mitigate arrester power failure proof strength, that strengthens power network can
By property.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention
Not limited to this.
Fig. 1 is a kind of electrical block diagram of warning circuit for monitoring arrester deterioration provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
The warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration includes piezo-resistance R10, choking-winding L11, first resistor R11, Current Mutual Inductance
Device L12, second resistance R12, voltage comparator circuit 11, NPN triode Q1, electromagnetic relay JH1, sustained diode 11 and
Voice guard 12.
Specifically, the piezo-resistance R10 one end connection arrester 10 output end and the choking-winding L11 one
End, the other end of the piezo-resistance R10 connects one end of the primary coil of the current transformer L12 and ground connection, described to grip
The streamline circle L11 other end connects one end of the first resistor R11, and the other end of the first resistor R11 connects the electricity
The other end of current transformer L12 primary coil;One end connection second electricity of the secondary coil of the current transformer L12
R12 one end and the input of the voltage comparator circuit 10 are hindered, the other end of the secondary coil of the current transformer L12 connects
Connect the other end of the second resistance R12 and the emitter stage of the NPN triode Q1, the output end of the voltage comparator circuit 11
Connect the base stage of the NPN triode Q1;The colelctor electrode of the NPN triode Q1 connects the coil of the electromagnetic relay JH1
One end and the sustained diode 11 anode, the negative electrode of the sustained diode 11 connects the electromagnetic relay JH1
Coil the other end and suitable for receive the first supply voltage VCC1, the electromagnetic relay JH1 a contact be suitable to receive
Second source voltage VCC2, the power end of voice guard 12 described in another contact portion of the electromagnetic relay JH1.
The first supply voltage VCC1 is suitable for the colelctor electrode power supply of the NPN triode Q1, can be 5V voltages;Institute
State second source voltage VCC2 and be suitable for the voice guard 12 and power, can be that DC voltage can also be 220V alternating currents
Pressure, determined with specific reference to the power demands of the voice guard 12.The first supply voltage VCC1 and the second source
Voltage VCC2 can be provided by transmission line of electricity electric supply installation, such as solar cell etc..Further, the electromagnetic relay JH1
For dynamic circuit connector type electromagnetic relay, i.e., when no electric current flows through the coil of the electromagnetic relay JH1, the electromagnetic relay JH1
Two contacts remain off.The voltage comparator circuit 11 is suitable to the voltage in its input higher than default thresholding electricity
The NPN triode Q1 is controlled to turn on during pressure, the threshold voltage is set according to the leakage current standard of arrester 10.Institute
State voltage comparator circuit 11 can be voltage ratio compared with chip, gas-discharge tube or two-way admittance diode, the present invention to this not
It is construed as limiting.
The piezo-resistance R10 flows through the pressure-sensitive electricity when the output end voltage of arrester 10 is less than its pressure sensitive voltage
Hinder R10 electric current very little, equivalent to one valve shut of the piezo-resistance R10;When arrester 10 output end voltage not
During pressure sensitive voltage less than the piezo-resistance R10, the electric current for flowing through the piezo-resistance R10 increases sharply, and is opened equivalent to valve.
The choking-winding L11 transmission line of electricity not by when being struck by lightning equivalent to wire with the leakage current for arrester 10 of releasing, defeated
Electric line flows through by the thunder-strike current that impedance increase prevents arrester 10 from releasing when being struck by lightning.The first resistor R11 is used to limit
System flows through the electric current of the primary coil of the current transformer L12, and the current transformer L12 can be primary and secondary turns ratio
For 1:1 current transformer, can obtain high-precision monitoring current, and by the circuit of rear end and the electrical isolation of arrester 10.
The electric current for the secondary coil for flowing through the current transformer L12 is converted to monitoring voltage, the voltage by the second resistance R12
Comparison circuit 11 is by the monitoring voltage compared with default threshold voltage.
The operation principle of the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration to the present embodiment illustrates below:
When transmission line of electricity is by being struck by lightning, arrester 10 acts, thunder-strike current of being released within the very short time.According to pressure
The characteristic of quick resistance and choking-winding, the thunder-strike current that arrester 10 is released are released to greatly by the piezo-resistance R10.
When transmission line of electricity is not by being struck by lightning, arrester 10 is failure to actuate, and high impedance status is presented in the piezo-resistance R10,
The leakage current of arrester 10 passes through the first of the choking-winding L11, the first resistor R11 and the current transformer L12
Release to greatly in the loop that level coil is formed.If the quality condition of arrester 10 is good, time of the current transformer L12 is flowed through
The current peak of level coil is very small, and the monitoring voltage peak value correspondingly changed into by the second resistance R12 is also very small,
Less than the pre-determined threshold voltage, the NPN triode Q1 is in cut-off state, and no current flows through the electromagnetic relay JH1
Coil, two contacts of the electromagnetic relay JH1 are off, and the voice guard 12 is powered not because of non-transformer
Sounding;On the contrary, if quality problems occurs in the reason such as arrester 10 is because making moist, aging, the leakage current peak value of arrester 10 increases,
The current peak increase of the secondary coil of the current transformer L12 is flowed through, is correspondingly changed into by the second resistance R12
Monitoring voltage peak value increase, higher than the pre-determined threshold voltage, the voltage comparator circuit 11 controls the NPN triode Q1
Conducting, there is a coil that electric current flows through the electromagnetic relay JH1, two contact portions of the electromagnetic relay JH1, and described the
Two supply voltage VCC2 are that the voice guard 12 is powered, the sounding alarm of voice guard 12.
The warning circuit for the monitoring arrester deterioration that this implementation provides, is released arrester 10 by the piezo-resistance R10
Thunder-strike current, let out by the choking-winding L11, the first resistor R11 and the current transformer L12 primary coil
Put the leakage current of arrester 10.If quality problems occurs in arrester 10, whenever the peak value of the leakage current of arrester 10 arrives
When, the sounding of voice guard 12 is once.Patrolling transmission line personnel by check the voice guard 12 whether sounding,
It can intuitively judge whether arrester 10 needs to carry out periodicity prophylactic tria, so as to save detection resource, improve detection effect
Rate, mitigate arrester power failure proof strength, strengthen the reliability of power network.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure signal of the warning circuit of another monitoring arrester deterioration provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration are mutual including piezo-resistance R20, choking-winding L21, first resistor R21, electric current
Sensor L22, second resistance R22, voltage comparator circuit 21, NPN triode Q2, electromagnetic relay JH2, sustained diode 21, sound
Sound alarm 22 and transient voltage suppressor D22.The piezo-resistance R20, the choking-winding L21, described first
Resistance R21, the current transformer L22, the second resistance R22, the voltage comparator circuit 21, the NPN triode Q2,
The electromagnetic relay JH2, the sustained diode 21 and the voice guard 22 attachment structure and function and Fig. 1
Corresponding embodiment is similar, will not be repeated here.One end of the transient voltage suppressor D22 connects the choking-winding
The L21 other end, the other end ground connection of the transient voltage suppressor D22.
Compared with embodiment corresponding to Fig. 1, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration of the present embodiment is in the choke line
The transient voltage suppressor D22 is connected between circle the L21 other end and ground, can further protect the Current Mutual Inductance
Device L22 further improves the reliability for monitoring the warning circuit that arrester deteriorates from the damage of thunderbolt.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure signal of the warning circuit of another monitoring arrester deterioration provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration are mutual including piezo-resistance R30, choking-winding L31, first resistor R31, electric current
Sensor L32, second resistance R32, voltage comparator circuit 31, NPN triode Q3, electromagnetic relay JH3, sustained diode 31, sound
Sound alarm 32, the first voltage-regulator diode D32 and the second voltage-regulator diode D33.The piezo-resistance R30, the choke line
Enclose L31, the first resistor R31, the current transformer L32, the second resistance R32, the voltage comparator circuit 31, institute
State the connection knot of NPN triode Q3, the electromagnetic relay JH3, the sustained diode 31 and the voice guard 32
Structure and function embodiment corresponding with Fig. 1 are similar, will not be repeated here.The anode connection institute of the first voltage-regulator diode D32
The choking-winding L31 other end is stated, the negative electrode of the first voltage-regulator diode D32 connects the second voltage-regulator diode D33's
Negative electrode, the plus earth of the second voltage-regulator diode D33.
Compared with embodiment corresponding to Fig. 1, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration of the present embodiment is in the choke line
The first voltage-regulator diode D32 and the second voltage-regulator diode D33, Ke Yijin are connected between circle the L21 other end and ground
One step protects the current transformer L32 from the damage of thunderbolt, further improves the warning circuit of monitoring arrester deterioration
Reliability.
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure signal of the warning circuit of another monitoring arrester deterioration provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration are mutual including piezo-resistance R40, choking-winding L41, first resistor R41, electric current
Sensor L42, second resistance R42, voltage comparator circuit 41, NPN triode Q4, electromagnetic relay JH4, sustained diode 41, sound
Sound alarm 42 and filter capacitor C1.It is the piezo-resistance R40, the choking-winding L41, the first resistor R41, described
Current transformer L42, the second resistance R42, the voltage comparator circuit 41, the NPN triode Q4, the electromagnetism relay
Device JH4, the attachment structure of the sustained diode 41 and the voice guard 42 and function embodiment corresponding with Fig. 1
It is similar, it will not be repeated here.One end of the filter capacitor C1 connects the output end of the voltage comparator circuit 41, the filtering
The electric capacity C1 other end connects the other end of the second resistance R42.
Compared with embodiment corresponding to Fig. 1, the warning circuit of the monitoring arrester deterioration of the present embodiment is in the voltage ratio
The filter capacitor C1 is connected compared between the output end of circuit 41 and the other end of the second resistance R42, can be to the electricity
The output end voltage of pressure comparison circuit 41 is filtered, and improves the accuracy for triggering the NPN triode Q4 conductings.
It is described above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, any formal limitation not done to the present invention, it is every according to
Any simply modification, the equivalent variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention to above example, each fall within the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.