CN104766426A

CN104766426A - Theft detection and prevention part in power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN104766426A
Application number: CN201510111948.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: G·塞拉; L·汉德尔斯曼; 伊兰·约斯科维奇; M·阿德斯特; M·盖兹特; Y·戈林; A·菲谢尔夫; 亚龙·宾德尔
Original assignee: SolarEdge Technologies Ltd
Current assignee: SolarEdge Technologies Ltd
Priority date: 2010-05-31
Filing date: 2010-05-31
Publication date: 2015-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-31
Also published as: CN104766426B

Abstract

The invention relates to a theft detection and prevention part in a power generation system, and discloses a theft detection method in the power generation system. The system comprises a DC power line. Alternating current (AC) is applied to the DC power line from an AC power supply, and impedance components of the system are sensed. Impedance responds to the applied AC. Impedance data in proportion to the impedance are transmitted to a receiver and are stored as impedance data. Electric energy can be stored so that power can be supplied for conducting sensing when no electricity is generated by the system. Voltage and current of the AC power supply are sensed. The theft detection and prevention part responds to changes, larger than threshold values preset in advance, in the impedance or gives an alarm for possible theft of assemblies of the system once expected impedance data transmission is not received.

Description

Theft in electricity generation system detects and prevents

The application is the applying date is on May 31st, 2010, and application number is 201080067135.X, and denomination of invention is the divisional application of the application of " theft in electricity generation system detects and prevents ".

Field and background

1. field:

The present invention relates to electricity generation system, the theft particularly relating to the assembly of photovoltaic generating system detects and prevents.

2. correlation technique:

Photovoltaic generating system comprises one or more photovoltaic panel be usually arranged on the roof of buildings.The inverter being positioned at interior of building is connected to these photovoltaic panel.The electric power exported from photovoltaic panel is direct current (DC) electric power.This direct current power is transformed to interchange (AC) electric power by inverter.

Electricity generation system based on photovoltaic panel is attractive from environmental.But, due to the with high costs of photovoltaic panel and it is relatively easily stolen, therefore may be limited it for possibility adopted during electricity generation system.

Therefore there are the needs of method and system that the theft for photovoltaic panel is detected and prevented.

As used herein term " storer " refer in ROM (read-only memory) (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memories, optical memory one or more, such as CD, switch, random access memory (RAM), magnetic store (such as hard disk) or other type of memory as known in the art.

Hash function is a kind of conversion, and this conversion obtains and inputs and return the fixing string of length or digital value, and it is called as hashed value." hash " refers to the hashed value output of this conversion as used herein, the term.

" match or be paired " as used herein, the term and referring to such as at least two electricity generation system assemblies such as inverter, photovoltaic panel and/or electronic module and " be paired " or be associated with each other." pairing " establishes the contact of uniqueness between such as inverter (other inverter) in contrast and electricity generation system and one group of specific photovoltaic panel and/or electronic module.Electrification component such as between inverter, photovoltaic panel and/or electronic module " pairing " common execution be code, the signal via the hash of allocation of codes/again, or extra hardware is for good and all attached to each electrification component, and as the pith of " pairing " process, each electrification component know the code of the hash of described code/again, signal or other electrification components by the extra hardware be for good and all attached." pairing " process can occur when manufacturing electricity generation system assembly, occurs, and/or occur at electricity generation system duration of work during installation electricity generation system.To the code of the hash of electricity generation system assembly allocation of codes/again, signal or the extra hardware by permanent attachment, this usually establish the electricity generation system assembly in electricity generation system electrical connection, topology location, exist/lack, quantity, type.

" sensing " and " measurement " can exchange use as used herein, the term.

" direct current (DC) power supply " refers to such as battery, DC dynamotor, switched-mode power supply (SMPS), photovoltaic panel and/or is operatively attached to (DC) power supply of the photovoltaic panel of converter module (such as DC-DC converter) as used herein.

" photo-voltaic power supply " refers to photovoltaic panel and/or is operatively attached to the photovoltaic panel of converter module (such as DC-DC converter) as used herein, the term.

As used herein, the term " central location " refer to such as inverter load or be such as attached directly to load or be directly attached to described load next-door neighbour's scope (immediatevicinity) in the element of control circuit.

General introduction

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method prevented from the system theft assembly for generation of electric power is proposed.Described system comprises inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply.First memory is for good and all attached to photo-voltaic power supply.Microprocessor and second memory are attached to inverter.First code is written into first memory, and based on first code, second code is stored in second memory.Second code is preferably the copy of first code or the hash of first code.The write of first code and/or the storage of second code preferably perform between the installation period of described system.The write of first code and/or the storage of second code perform optionally by the remote server being attached to system.During generating electricity, be read when first code and be stored in first memory, and second code is read and after being stored in second memory, first code and second code or its hash are compared.Based on comparing of first code and second code, electric power transforms and/or inversion is initialised or continues.The reading of the first and second codes and comparing performs preferably by microprocessor.Selectively, first code and second code is received by the remote server being operatively attached to microprocessor.The copy of first code and second code or be stored in based on the hash of first code and second code is attached in the remote storage device of this remote server by remote server.Before the initialization/continuation electric power transformation of inverter, remote server receives the first and second codes.This first and second code and the copy/hash stored before compare by remote server.If comparative result correct (such as code is corresponding), then allow to be transformed by the electric power of inverter.Selectively, first code or second code or its part are generated by GPS module, its by first code or second code with the global coordinates of photo-voltaic power supply or inverter for basis.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of avoiding theft for generation of the method for the system of electric power is proposed.Described system comprises inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply.First memory is for good and all attached to photo-voltaic power supply.Second memory is attached to inverter.First code is written into first memory, and based on first code, second code is stored in second memory.Second code is preferably the copy of first code or the hash of first code.The write of first code and/or the storage of second code preferably perform between the installation period of described system.Preferably during generating electricity or before generating, first code and second code are compared.This compares by processor and/or remote server execution, described processor is first processor, it is attached to photo-voltaic power supply and is configured to address first memory, or second processor, it is attached to inverter and is configured to address second memory, and described remote server is attached to described first processor or the second processor by wide area network.Based on the comparison, be not that the electric power of disable inverter transforms be exactly forbid photo-voltaic power supply to export to the electric power of inverter.Its separately part first code or second code can based on global coordinates.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of have theft prevent and detect feature, for generation of the system of electric power, it comprises the inverter being connected to photo-voltaic power supply.First memory is for good and all attached to photo-voltaic power supply.First memory is configured to store first code.Second memory is attached to inverter.Second memory is configured to store second code.Between the manufacture or installation period of this system, first code is stored in a first memory, and this first memory is attached to photo-voltaic power supply.Second code based on first code is stored in second memory.Before inverter work, first code is compared with second code.And compare based on this, the generation of electric power can be enabled or disabled.This compares by processor and/or remote server execution, described processor is be attached to photo-voltaic power supply and the first processor of address first memory and be attached to inverter and the second processor of address second memory, and described remote server is selectively attached to first processor or the second processor by Wide Area Network.Described system comprises global positioning module alternatively, and it is positioned at the place of inverter or is positioned at the place of panel.First code and second code are generated based on global coordinates by global positioning module.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply and DC line of electric force can be used to be connected to the load of DC power supply.This burglary-resisting installation has interchange (AC) power supply, and it is operatively attached between load and DC power supply.This AC power supplies is preferably arranged as the DC line of electric force that is added to by AC electric current.Receiver is arranged in the region near interchange (AC) power supply.Impedance probe is operatively attached to DC line of electric force.Impedance probe is arranged in response to AC electric current to sense impedance.Impedance probe can comprise voltage detector and current probe, energy storage devices, the storer being arranged to storage impedance data and/or transmitter, and this transmitter is arranged to transfer impedance data.Be greater than threshold value predetermined in advance in response to the change in impedance, then the assembly of system may be stolenly reported to the police.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises DC line of electric force.(AC) will be exchanged from interchange (AC) power supply and be applied to DC line of electric force, and the impedance component of sensing system.This impedance response is in applied interchange (AC).Along with impedance data is transferred to receiver, the impedance data proportional with impedance is stored.Storing electric charge, powering for sensing when not producing electric power with convenient system.Sensing comprises the voltage and current measured and exchange (AC) power supply.Be greater than threshold value predetermined in advance in response to the change in impedance or once not receive the impedance data transmission of expection, then the assembly of system may be stolenly reported to the police.

According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power.Described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply with DC output terminal.DC output terminal can use DC line of electric force to be connected to load.Burglary-resisting installation has impedance probe, and it can be connected to DC output terminal and DC line of electric force.Impedance probe comprises transmitter, and it is configured to transmit detector signal.Receiver module is operatively attached to direct current (DC) electric power source and load.Receiver module comprises receiver, and it is configured to pick-up probe signal.Detector signal can comprise the data using power line communication coding.Be attached to direct current (DC) electric power source and load module operation.Module comprises receiver, and it is configured to pick-up probe signal and/or data.Impedance probe can comprise voltage detector and current probe, energy storage devices and/or be arranged to the storer storing impedance data.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected.Described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply.The impedance of DC power supply is measured, according to this impedance store impedance data, described impedance data and impedance proportional.Impedance data is transmitted and receives.By impedance data compared with the data stored in advance, and relatively the possible larceny of DC power supply is reported to the police in response to this.Measured impedance can comprise the measured voltage and current of DC power supply.Electric energy can be stored, for powering for measurement impedance, and for powering for receiving impedance data.

According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of theft checkout equipment in distributed generation system, described distributed generation system comprises direct current (DC) power supply, and it has DC output terminal, is connected to electronic module.DC output terminal can use DC line of electric force to be connected to load.Center impedance detector can be connected to DC line of electric force.Center impedance detector comprises impedance sensing module, and it is arranged to the impedance for sensing DC power supply.Electronic module can comprise by-pass switch, and it is suitable for the impedance of described photovoltaic panel to present to described center impedance detector.

According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of theft detection method carrying out stealing protection in distributed generation system, described distributed generation system comprises direct current (DC) power supply with DC output terminal.DC output terminal can use DC line of electric force to be connected to load.Center impedance unit is connected to DC line of electric force.Detector signal transmits on DC line of electric force, and in response to the impedance of described detector signal sensing.By sensed impedance compared with the resistance value of direct current (DC) power supply stored in advance, and relatively can perform warning based on this resistance value.Detector signal can be AC feeding power signal, electric-power wire communication signal or the specialized signal about impedance measurement.Electronic module can be bypassed, center impedance detector is presented in the impedance of power supply (such as photovoltaic panel).

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the photovoltaic system of electric power.Described theft checkout equipment has electronic module, and it is attached to photo-voltaic power supply.Imageing sensor is preferably arranged the image for capture photovoltaic power supply.Arrange that central controller is to be supplied to electronic module by signal.The thermal property of photo-voltaic power supply changes in response to signal.Load is preferably connected to electronic module, and load is generally inverter.Imageing sensor is thermal image sensor.Electronic module can comprise receiver, direct current (DC)-DC transducer or DC-and exchange (AC) transducer.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises electronic module, and it is attached to photo-voltaic power supply.After receiving signal, electronic module is signaled for a very short time, and photo-voltaic power supply is reverse biased, and causes the heat dissipation in photo-voltaic power supply to increase thus.The picture frame of capture photovoltaic power supply, and about the heat change in response to signal, these picture frames are analyzed.The existence of photo-voltaic power supply is determined based on to the analysis of picture frame, and determines may stolenly to report to the police to photo-voltaic power supply based on this.Signal and usually cause electronic module reverse bias photo-voltaic power supply.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply, and described theft checkout equipment has transmitter, and it is attached to photo-voltaic power supply.Transmitter is arranged to signal transmission, and receiver is arranged to Received signal strength.Transmitter can be arranged to stored charge.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises: inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply and receives electric power from photo-voltaic power supply; Transmitter, it is operatively attached to photo-voltaic power supply and receiver.Signal transmits from transmitter.This signal is monitored, and once sensed signal deletion, then stolenly may report to the police or give the alarm to photo-voltaic power supply.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply.Burglary-resisting installation has transmitter, and it is attached to photo-voltaic power supply, and this transmitter is arranged to for signal transmission.The receiver being attached to photo-voltaic power supply is arranged to for Received signal strength, and controller is operatively attached to receiver and transmitter.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises: inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply; Be attached to transmitter and the receiver of photo-voltaic power supply.The signal intensity of transmitter uses receiver to measure, and by detecting the object in photo-voltaic power supply peripheral region by means of the change in measurement.Based on this detection, photo-voltaic power supply may stolenly be reported to the police;

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises inverter, it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply, described theft checkout equipment has the sensor of the electric field intensity measuring photo-voltaic power supply, and is operatively attached to the controller of sensor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises: inverter, and it is connected to photo-voltaic power supply; Sensor, is operatively attached to photo-voltaic power supply; And controller, is operatively connected to this sensor.The electric field of photo-voltaic power supply uses sensor to measure.This measurement is arranged to the change indicated in the threshold value of electric field.Object in photo-voltaic power supply peripheral region detects by means of the change in electric field threshold value.Controller is used may stolenly to report to the police to photo-voltaic power supply.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of theft checkout equipment in the system for generation of electric power, described system comprises photovoltaic string and DC line of electric force can be used to be connected to the load of this photovoltaic string, this burglary-resisting installation has central control unit, and it is operatively attached between load and photovoltaic string.Central control unit is arranged to for the DC line of electric force that control signal and test signal is added to.Switch element is operatively attached to photovoltaic string.Switch element is arranged to for reception control signal and test signal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected, described system comprises: photo-voltaic power supply and DC line of electric force can be used to be connected to the load of this photo-voltaic power supply; Central control unit, it is operatively connected between load and photo-voltaic power supply; And have the switch element of resonant circuit, this switch element is operatively attached to photo-voltaic power supply.The first control signal from central control unit is added on DC circuit.Resonant circuit is connected to photo-voltaic power supply.Resonant circuit is in response to control signal.The second control signal from central control unit is added on DC circuit.In response to the second superposition, sensed by the signal reflected.Test signal is Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) signal or frequency domain reflection (FDR) signal.Described sensing can be according to sensing by the mode of the phase shift of the signal reflected, according to sensing by the mode of the frequency displacement of the signal reflected, and/or the mode that sensing is changed by the amplitude of the signal reflected.

According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power.Described equipment comprises multiple electronic module, and it is attached to multiple photo-voltaic power supply.At least one in these electronic modules is arranged to for constructing confirmation signal.Central control unit by be operatively attached in these electronic modules at least one.Central control unit is arranged to for signal being sent at least one electronic module described and being used for confirmation of receipt signal.Described confirmation signal generally includes the information that at least one electronic module described is collected from other electronic modules next-door neighbour's scope of at least one electronic module described.Central control unit can based on described confirmation signal to may stolenly report to the police.

According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of carrying out in for generation of the system of electric power and steal the method detected.Described system comprises: multiple photo-voltaic power supply; Multiple electronic module, it is attached to described photo-voltaic power supply; And, central control unit.Central control unit is operatively attached to electronic module.Signal is sent at least one these electronic modules from central control unit.At least one electronic module described is arranged to for constructing confirmation signal, and it is sent to central controller as response.The confirmation signal formed generally includes the information that at least one electronic module described is collected from other electronic modules next-door neighbour's scope of at least one electronic module described.Confirmation signal be based on or the data that comprise from connecting electronic module in the mesh network and collecting.These data receive at central control unit place.Confirmation signal can be decoded, and the data of decoding compare with the question blank stored at central control unit place.May stolenly can be reported to the police in described photo-voltaic power supply by central control unit.

The invention provides a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply and load, and described load uses DC line of electric force can be connected to described DC power supply, and described burglary-resisting installation comprises:

Exchange (AC) power supply, it is operatively attached between described load and described DC power supply, and wherein said AC power supplies is arranged to for the described DC line of electric force that is added to by AC electric current; And

Impedance probe, it is operatively attached to described DC line of electric force, wherein said impedance probe be arranged to in response to described AC electric current to sense impedance.

Described burglary-resisting installation can comprise rectifier, and it can be suitable for described AC current commutates, to power for described impedance probe.

Described burglary-resisting installation can comprise reactive components, and it can select from the group be made up of capacitor and inductor, and wherein said reactive components can be configured to increase the impedance sensed by described impedance probe.

Described impedance probe can comprise voltage detector and current probe.

Described impedance probe can comprise energy storage devices.

Described impedance probe can comprise the storer being arranged to store impedance data.

Described impedance probe can comprise transmitter, and described transmitter can operate to transmit described impedance data.

Described theft checkout equipment can comprise receiver, and it can be arranged in the peripheral region of described interchange (AC) power supply.

Present invention also offers a kind of method detecting for generation of the theft in the system of electric power, described system comprises DC line of electric force, and the method that described theft detects comprises the following steps:

The interchange (AC) from exchanging (AC) power supply is applied to described DC line of electric force; And

Sense the impedance of the assembly of described system, described impedance response is in described interchange (AC).

Described method can comprise the following steps: store the impedance data proportional with described impedance; Described impedance data is transferred to receiver.

Described method can comprise the following steps: storing when electric charge does not produce electric power with the described system of box lunch is the power supply of described sensing.

Described method can comprise the following steps: be greater than pre-determined threshold value in response to the change in described impedance, may stolenly report to the police to the assembly of described system.

Described method can comprise the following steps: when the transmission of that do not receive expection, proportional with described impedance impedance data, may stolenly report to the police to the assembly of described system.

Described sensing can comprise the voltage and current measuring described interchange (AC) power supply.

Present invention also offers a kind of for generation of the theft checkout equipment in the system of electric power, described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply with DC output terminal, wherein said DC output terminal uses DC line of electric force to be connected to load, and described burglary-resisting installation comprises:

Impedance probe, it can be connected to described DC output terminal and described DC line of electric force, and described impedance probe comprises transmitter, and described transmitter is configured to transmit detector signal; And

Receiver module, it is operatively attached to described direct current (DC) power supply and described load, and described receiver module comprises the receiver being configured to receive described detector signal.

Described detector signal can comprise the data using power line communication.

Described impedance probe can comprise voltage detector and current probe.

Described impedance probe can comprise energy storage devices.

Present invention also offers a kind of method detecting for generation of the theft in the system of electric power, described system comprises direct current (DC) power supply, and the method that described theft detects comprises the following steps:

Measure the impedance of described DC power supply;

Store the impedance data proportional with described impedance;

Transmission detector signal; And

Impedance is sensed in response to described detector signal.

Described method can comprise the following steps: the impedance data of more described impedance and described prior storage; And relatively DC power supply may stolenly be reported to the police in response to described.

The voltage and current measuring described DC power supply can be comprised to the described measurement of impedance.

Described method can comprise the following steps: store electrical energy, for for powering to the described measurement of impedance.

Described method can comprise store electrical energy for being the described step receiving power supply.

When considering by reference to the accompanying drawings, aforesaid and/or other aspect will become clear from the following detailed description.

Accompanying drawing is sketched

Below by means of only illustrational mode, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described, wherein:

Fig. 1 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, comprise theft and prevent the electricity generation system of feature;

Fig. 1 b shows communication module and the storer of the electricity generation system in Fig. 1 a with more details;

Fig. 1 c and 1d show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for the treatment scheme of antitheft method;

Fig. 1 e show according to another implementation of the invention, the electricity generation system with antitheft feature;

Fig. 1 f and 1g shows the treatment scheme for method antitheft in the system of Fig. 1 e;

Fig. 1 h shows the electricity generation system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 1 i and 1j shows the treatment scheme for method antitheft in the electricity generation system of Fig. 1 h;

Fig. 1 k show according to another other embodiments of the present invention, the electricity generation system with antitheft feature.

Fig. 1 l and 1m shows the treatment scheme for method antitheft in the electricity generation system of Fig. 1 k.

Fig. 2 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 2 b show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the further details of receiver/current source cell of connecting as shown in Figure 2 a and impedance unit.

Fig. 2 c show according to an aspect of the present invention, for electricity generation system is carried out steal detect method.

The Alternate embodiments of the impedance unit shown in Fig. 2 d shows in figure 2b.

Fig. 2 e show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 2 f shows the method detected for theft according to the embodiment of the present invention, it uses the electricity generation system shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 g show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 2 h show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the method for theft in distributed generation system protection.

Fig. 3 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 3 b show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the typical topology of the electricity generation system (illustrating in fig. 3 a) that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 3 c show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method for detection, it use the system of Fig. 3 a with the topological structure shown in Fig. 3 b.

Fig. 4 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 4 b show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antitheft method that employs the system shown in Fig. 4 a.

Fig. 4 c show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 4 d show according to the embodiment of the present invention, theft detects/antitheft method.

Fig. 5 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 5 b shows the typical section figure of photovoltaic panel according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 c shows the planimetric map of photovoltaic panel according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 d show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent condenser that represents photovoltaic panel.

Fig. 5 e show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method for detection/antitheft.

Fig. 6 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 6 b shows the further details of photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 c show according to the embodiment of the present invention, detect/antitheft method for the theft employing the system shown in Fig. 6 a.

Fig. 7 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature.

Fig. 7 b show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method for detection/antitheft.

Describe in detail

To make reference to embodiments of the present invention in detail now, example of the present invention is shown in the drawings, and wherein same reference numeral refers to similar element all the time.Embodiment is described, to explain the present invention below by with reference to accompanying drawing.

Code storage device

Now reference is made to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 a show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 157 that includes antitheft feature.System comprises one or more photovoltaic panel 152, and described one or more photovoltaic panel 152 is connected to inverter 150 by direct current (DC) power cable 156.At electricity generation system 157 duration of work, DC electric power is generated by photovoltaic panel 152, and transfers to the input end of inverter 150 via DC cable 156.DC electric power is on its input terminals converted to the AC electric power on this inverter 150 output terminal 158 by inverter 150.Memory module 154 is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152.Communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150." be for good and all attached " refers to a kind of for carrying out the method that is attached or equipment as used herein, the term, and it makes the damage such as memory module 154 will caused such as module 154 and/or panel 152 from photovoltaic panel 152 physical removal or this trial.In general, during manufacture photovoltaic (PV) plate 152 and/or inverter 150, module 154,153 " is for good and all attached " respectively to photovoltaic panel 152 and/or inverter 150.Such as, when module 154 is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152, when attempting module 154 to remove from photovoltaic panel 152, the operation termination of photovoltaic panel 152 or the disconnecting of photovoltaic panel 152.Any mechanism as known in the art, that " be for good and all attached " for carrying out can be applied in different embodiment of the present invention.This type of employs a heat cured bonding agent for the mechanism be for good and all attached, such as, based on the resin of epoxy resin, and rigidizer.

Also make reference to Fig. 1 b now, it shows communication module 153 and the memory module 154 of system 157 with more details 137.Memory module 154 is connected to communication module 153 by telecommunication cable 168.Power cable 156 (its by the DC electric power transfer from photovoltaic panel 152 to the input end of inverter 150) is polycore cable selectively, and at least two lines wherein in polycore cable are preferably for telecommunication cable 168.If inverter 150 and photovoltaic panel 154 distance, telecommunication cable 168 is preferably twisted-pair cable (twisted pair cable).In another embodiment, communication is added to DC line of electric force 156, i.e. power line communication.In another embodiment, Radio-Frequency Wireless Communication is used to power supply middle ground by from inverter, or can use mesh network.The communication module 153 being attached to inverter 150 preferably includes bus controller 164 (such as cyclone ^tM1C3, i ²c bus controller, Altera, 101San JoseCA95134), the communication on its control cables 168.Bus controller 164 is preferably connected to microprocessor 160.Storer 175 is preferably connected to bus controller 164 and microprocessor 160.Microprocessor 160 preferably outputs signal 174, and it is used to the work allowing and/or forbid the inverter 150 DC electric power being converted to AC electric power.Storer 159 is comprised by the memory module 154 being for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152.Storer 159 is connected to the bus controller 164 in communication module 153 by telecommunication cable 168.Storer 159 storage code 1000.Storer 175 storage code 2000.

Also reference is made to Fig. 1 c and 1d now, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for the treatment scheme 1700 (a) of antitheft method 1700, it illustrates and match in electricity generation system 157.In general, during manufacture, memory module 154 is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152 (step 100).In step 102, communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150.Although step 100 and 102 is generally in the manufacture of photovoltaic panel 152 and/or inverter 150 or perform between erecting stage, step 100 and 102 can perform when transforming or perform during installation.In step 103, during manufacture photovoltaic panel 152 or during installation photovoltaic panel 152, code 1000 is write storer 159.Communication module 153 uses bus controller 164 and microprocessor 160 to read code 1000 (step 104).The copy of the code 1000 read at step 104 or hash are stored in the code 2000 in storer 175 (step 105) by microprocessor 160.Although method step 103,104 and 105 performs usually during installation photovoltaic panel 152 and inverter 150, step 103,104 and 105 can perform during manufacture and/or assembling photovoltaic panel 152 and/or inverter 150.Method 1700 is continued as the subprocess 1700 (b) performed in the usual power generation operation process in system 157 in Fig. 1 d.Microprocessor 160 reads the code 1000 (step 1200) in memory module 154.In step 1202, code 1000 and the code 2000 be stored in communication module 153 and memory module 175 in advance compare by microprocessor 160.In decision box 1204, if code 1000 is identical with 2000, or otherwise correct comparison, then output terminal 174 is arranged by microprocessor 160, to allow the DC-AC power converter of inverter 150 and to continue antiburglary process 1700 in step 1200.Otherwise, the DC/AC power converter (step 1206) of output 174 disable inverter 150 is used by microprocessor 160.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 1 e, it illustrates another embodiment of the invention, be i.e. the photovoltaic system 147 of antitheft feature.Memory module 154 is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152 (not showing in Fig. 1 e).Memory module 154 comprises storer 159, and it is for storing code 1000.Storer 159 is connected to the bus controller 164 in communication module 153 by telecommunication cable 168.Communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150 (not showing in Fig. 1 e).Controller 164 is connected to microprocessor 160 and the storer 175 for storing code 2000.Remote server 172 is by bus 168, be connected to microprocessor 160 by special wan interface (not shown) or by other suitable communication meanss.Remote server 172 is connected to remote storage device 172a.Remote storage device 172a preferably stores copy or the hash of code 1000 and 2000.Microprocessor 160 has output signal 174, and it is activated by remote server 172, to allow inverter 150 that DC electric power is converted into the work of AC electric power.

Also reference is made to Fig. 1 f and 1g now, it illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, for the treatment scheme of the antitheft method 1750 of (Fig. 1 e's) electricity generation system 147.In step 100, memory module 154 is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152.In step 102, communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150.In step 103, during manufacture photovoltaic panel 152 or during installation photovoltaic panel 152, code 1000 is write storer 159.Remote server 172 preferably uses bus controller 164 to read code 1000 (step 1304).The copy of code 1000 and code 2000 or hash are stored as the code 3000 (step 1305) on remote storage device 172a by remote server 172.Method step 103,1304 and 1305 performs usually during installation photovoltaic panel 152 and inverter 150.In Fig. 1 g continuation method 7150 as subprocess 1750 (b), be performed during the power generation operation of system 147 in this subprocess 1750 (b) period step 1400,1402,1404 and 1406.In order to protect for theft during operation, remote server 172 reads code 1000 and 2000 (step 1400).In step 1402, the code 3000 in the code read in step 1400 and remote storage device 172a compares by remote server 172.In step 1404, if code (1000,2000) is identical with 3000, or when the hash that code 3000 is codes 1000 and 2000, and code 3000 and code 1000 and 2000 correct comparison, then via the output terminal 174 of remote server 172 activation of microprocessor 160, to allow the power converter of the DC-AC of inverter 150 and to work in step 1400.Otherwise remote server 172 does not allow inverter 150 to be AC electric power (step 1406) by DC power converter.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 1 h of system 138, according to antitheft, another embodiment of the invention for photovoltaic system 157.Communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150 (not shown) and comprises bus controller 164, and described bus controller 164 is connected to microprocessor 160 and has the storer 175 of code 2000.What be connected to bus controller 164 is remote server 172.Remote server 172 is connected to remote storage device 172a.Microprocessor 160 has output signal 174, and it activates to allow inverter 150 by the work of DC power converter for AC electric power by remote server 172.The memory module 154b being for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 154b comprises: storer 159 (such as EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other storeies be applicable to), and it has code 1000; And GPS (GPS) module 159a, it has code 4000.The global coordinates of photovoltaic panel 152 during code 4000 is based on installation panel 152.By telecommunication cable 168, storer 159 and GPS module 159a are connected to microprocessor 160 preferably by the bus controller 164 in communication module 153.

Also reference is made to Fig. 1 i and 1j now, it illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention, for the treatment scheme of the antitheft method 1780 of (Fig. 1 h's) electricity generation system 138.In step 100, usually perform during manufacture and/or assembling electricity generation system 138 and memory module 154b is for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152.In step 102, communication module 153 is attached to inverter 150.In step 103, manufacturing or during assembling photovoltaic panel 152 or when installing photovoltaic panel 152, code 1000 is being write storer 159.Remote server 172 uses bus controller 164 to read the code 4000 (step 1504) of code 1000 and GPS module 159a.Copy/the hash of the code 1000 and 4000 read in step 1504 is stored in the code 2000 of storer 175 by remote server 172, and is stored in the code 3000 of remote storage device 172a (step 1505).Method step 103,1504 and 1505 performs usually during installation photovoltaic panel 152 and inverter 150.The subprocess 1780 (b) that method 1780 performs as the power converter duration of work in system 138 is continued in Fig. 1 j.In order to protect for theft, remote server 172 reads code 1000,2000 and 4000 (step 1600).In step 1602, the code read in step 1600 (1000,2000 and 4000) and the code 3000 in remote storage device 172a compare by remote server 172.In step 1604, if code (1000,2000,4000) is identical with 3000 or otherwise correctly compare, then via remote server 172, the output terminal 174 of microprocessor 160 allows the DC-AC power converter of inverter 150 and works in step 1600.Otherwise remote server 172 does not allow inverter 150 to be AC electric power (step 1406) by DC power converter.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 1 k of photovoltaic system 139, it illustrates according to another antitheft embodiment of the present invention.The communication module 153 being attached to inverter 150 comprises: bus controller 164, and it is connected to microprocessor 160; And storer 175, it has code 2000.Microprocessor 160 has output signal 174, and DC power converter is the work of AC electric power for allowing inverter 150 by it.The memory module 154c being for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152 comprises: storer 159, and it has code 1000; And microprocessor 177, it has output terminal 176.By telecommunication cable 168, storer 159 and microprocessor 177 are connected to the bus controller 164 in communication module 153.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 1 l, it illustrates subprocess 1700 (b) and 1800 (b), its according to subprocess 1700 (a), manufacture/install after power converter duration of work executed in parallel.According to the embodiment of the present invention, subprocess 1700 (b) and 1800 (b) concurrently and simultaneously co-operation, to realize detecting the theft of electricity generation system 139 and preventing.Subprocess 1700 (b) shows the use of microprocessor 160 that the theft for electricity generation system 139 detects and prevents.Subprocess 1800 (b) shows the use of microprocessor 177 that the theft for electricity generation system 139 detects and prevents.

With reference now to Fig. 1 m, subprocess 1800 (b), in step 1200b, microprocessor 177 is by the code 2000 read in communication module 153 that signals on communication bus 168.In step 1202b, code 2000 and code 1000 compare by microprocessor 177.In decision box 1204b, if code 1000 and 2000 is different, then the output 176 of microprocessor 177 is used to close photovoltaic panel 152 (step 1206b).Photovoltaic panel 152 can be closed, and this is by some mechanism, by using the simple bypass of the bypass diode in parallel with photovoltaic panel 152, or, if when there is DC/DC translation circuit in module 154, turn off this DC/DC translation circuit.

There is provided a kind of monitoring mechanism to remove pairing, again match to use different inverters 150 and module 154 to perform.

Impedance measurement

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, comprise theft and prevent the electricity generation system 201 of feature.Electricity generation system 201 has at least one string 218, impedance unit 210, unit 212, capacitor C of photovoltaic panel 152 ₃, DC line of electric force 216 and load 150.Load 150 is preferably inverter.Impedance unit 210 has impedance probe 200, and it is connected in series between the positive output end of string 218 and unit 212 via direct current (DC) circuit 216.When there is more than one string 218, each string 218 generally comprises its oneself impedance probe 200.Unit 210 can be incorporated to load 150 selectively.Impedance unit 210 senses the impedance of panel 152, and has the output terminal being connected to transmitter 202.When working by day, impedance unit 210 is powered by the electric current of going here and there in 218, or by detector being attached to single photovoltaic panel and receiving electric power to power from described serial-parallel photovoltaic panel.Impedance unit 210 and/or unit 212 can have charge storage element such as accumulator or capacitor for working at night, and this electric charge storage unit by day duration of work charged.Transmitter 202 periodically transmits the signal proportional with the impedance of being measured by impedance probe 200.Unit 212 has receiver 204 and exchanges (AC) power module 206.Unit 212 is connected in series between the negative output terminal of unit 210 and string 218.Unit 210 can be incorporated in panel 152 or electronic module 302 (not shown), and described electronic module 302 is operatively attached to/be for good and all attached to photovoltaic panel 152.Load 150 has DC input end, and its (locating at node A and B respectively) is connected in series between receiver 204 and AC power supply module 206.If unit 210 comprises charge storage, then current source module 206 is optional and may is unnecessary.Capacitor C ₃be connected between node A and B.Receiver 204 is connected in series between the positive output end of string 218 and node A.AC power supply module 206 is connected in series between the negative output terminal of Node B and string 218.AC power supplies module 206 be connected to panel 152 string and by AC Signal averaging to DC line of electric force 216.Be attached to impedance probe 200 measurement impedance of the string of panel 152, this carries out along the AC electric current of the string of panel and AC voltage preferably by measuring independently.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 b, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the further details of the unit that is connected as shown in Figure 2 a 212 and impedance unit 210.The load 150 being connected to node A and B place is not illustrated.Unit 212 has receiver 204 and AC power supplies module 206.AC power supplies module 206 comprises AC current source 220, and it is to be generally the frequency operation of 100KHz.The AC electric current in source 220 is via transformer T ₂or any other AC coupling device is added on DC circuit 216.Transformer T ₂the side of coil is shunted (in shunt) and is connected to the capacitor C2 and resistor R that are connected in parallel ₁.R ₁one end be connected to the output terminal of current source 220.R ₁the other end via resistance direct current capacitor C _bbe connected to another output terminal of current source 220.Transformer coil T ₂opposite side only have DC circuit 216 to be connected in series between Node B and panel 152.Receiver 204 is via transformer T ₁a coil be received on DC circuit 216 exist AC input, described transformer T ₁be connected in series between node A and impedance unit 210 via DC circuit 216.Transformer T ₁another coil be at one end connected to differential amplifier A ₁input end, and the other end of this coil is via blocking capacitor C _bbe connected to amplifier A ₁another input end.Amplifier A ₁output terminal be connected to the input end of bandpass filter (BPF) 224.The output terminal of bandpass filter (BPF) 224 is connected to the input end of analog to digital (A/D) transducer 222.The output terminal of analog to digital (A/D) transducer 222 is operatively attached to processor 226 (having storer).

Impedance unit 210 is connected in series between panel 152 and receiver 204 via DC circuit 216.The positive DC output terminal of panel 152 is connected to inductor L ₁one end and resistance direct current capacitor C _bone end.The capacitor C of resistance direct current _bthe other end be connected to input end and the amplifier A of transmitter 202 ₂input end.Amplifier A ₂another input end be connected to capacitor C ₁one end, diode D ₁anode and inductor L ₁the other end.Capacitor C ₁can be used as charge storage device, to power for impedance unit 210 in period of working at night.D ₁negative electrode connect diode D ₂anode.D ₂negative electrode connect capacitor C ₁the other end.D ₁negative electrode be connected to diode D ₂the node of anode provide the connection arriving DC circuit 216.Amplifier A ₃there is transdiode D ₁the input end connected.Amplifier A ₂output terminal can be connected to the input end of analog to digital (A/D) transducer (not shown), described transducer has the output terminal being connected to memory storage device (not shown).Amplifier A ₃output terminal can be connected to the input end of analog to digital (A/D) transducer (not shown), described transducer has the output terminal being connected to memory storage device (not shown).

Also reference is made to Fig. 2 c now, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the method 203 that detects for the theft of electricity generation system 201, it illustrates the pairing in system 201.The interchange of usual 100KHz is such as via unit 212 and transformer T ₂superposition or application (step 205) are to DC circuit 216.Selectively, with C ₂and R ₁the value that the coil of the transformer T2 be connected in parallel has is selected to the series inductance and the inductor L being arranged in impedance unit 210 with DC circuit 216 ₁resonance carry out work.Work by day period in system 201, direct current flows out from panel 152, by the L in impedance unit 210 ₁and D ₁, by receiver 104, inverter 150, source 260, and get back to the other end of panel 152.By sensing by inductor L via amplifier A2 ₁electric current and via amplifier A ₃sensing is at diode D ₁the voltage (step 207) at two ends realizes the measurement of the impedance of counter plate 152.The measurement of the impedance of panel 152 is by diode D ₁the amplitude of the voltage at two ends passes through inductor L divided by sensing ₁the amplitude (step 207) of electric current realize.The measurement result of the impedance of the panel 152 obtained by sensing (step 207) can be stored (step 209) in storer (not shown) by as impedance data, and described storer is attached to amplifier A via analog to digital (A/D) transducer (not shown) ₂and A ₃.The impedance data be stored obtained by sensing (step 207) also transmits (step 211) on line of electric force 216 by transmitter 202.Usually at night, transmitter 202 transmits for every 3 minutes.Receiver 204 is via transformer T ₁side receives the transmission to impedance data from transmitter 202.Transformer T ₁opposite side be applied to amplifier A ₁input end.Amplifier A ₁output be fed to the input end of bandpass filter 224, described bandpass filter 224 extracts the impedance data sent by transmitter 202.The output of bandpass filter 224 is transformed into digital value via analog to digital (A/D) transducer 222 subsequently, and it is by the processor 226 (having storer) that is selectively stored into by the output terminal that is operatively attached to analog to digital (A/D) transducer 222.The impedance data (step 209) be stored and the comparison (step 213) of impedance data (step 211) be transmitted are made preferably by processor 226.Capacitor C ₁duration of work is used as charge storage device (step 215) by day, selectively to power for impedance unit 210 in period of working at night.May stolen report to the police (step 217) to the assembly of system 201, its corresponding to the impedance data be sensed according to the change in the comparison (step 213) of pre-determined threshold value.Once not from the report of impedance unit 210, then to possible stolen warning, if because transmitter 202 can every 3 minutes transmission primarieses and do not receive when using power line communication and transmit so cable and may be cut off.

Carry out reference to Fig. 2 d now, which show impedance unit 210a, impedance unit 210a is the Alternate embodiments of the impedance unit 210 shown in figure 2b.Impedance unit 210a comprises: high impedance, inductance device L, and resonance may be used to increase impedance; And, impedometer Z.Inductor L is connected in series to impedometer Z.Impedometer Z can have charge storage element 2100a such as accumulator or capacitor for working at night, its by day duration of work charged.In another embodiment, the method that impedometer Z is fed to by AC is powered.When unit 212 comprises AC power supplies, and this AC power supplies for detector 200 feed and for impedance measurement carry out feed object and by use time, rectification is carried out to the AC signal be applied on inductor L.Impedometer Z is arranged to usually via power line communication or via wireless connections or other suitable communication means transfer impedance/voltage/current data.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 e, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 201a that comprises antitheft feature, it illustrates the pairing in system 201a.Electricity generation system 201a has string 218a, the impedance unit 210a of photovoltaic panel 152, module 262 and load 150.Load 150 can be direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter, and it has and is connected to line voltage (V _grid) output terminal.Impedance unit 210a and panel 152 are connected in series, or the part that can be merged in as panel 152 is to form string 218a.Module 262 generally includes receiver 2102, to receive the data transmitted from unit 210a.

Duration of work by day, module 262 is powered by the voltage of string 218b, in period of working at night by line voltage (V _grid) power supply, or module 262 can have charge storage element 2100b such as accumulator or capacitor for working at night, its by day duration of work charged.Working at night period, impedance unit 210a is by module 262 (the DC electric current of usual 12 volts is provided to module 210a) power supply, and described module 262 is by line voltage (V _grid) and/or charge storage device 2100b power.Duration of work by day, impedance unit 210a is by the electrical current in string 218b or by receiving electric power from single panel.Impedance unit 210a can have charge storage element 2100a such as accumulator or capacitor for working at night, its duration of work charging by day.

String 218a is connected in series to the DC input end of load 150 via direct current (DC) circuit 216.Module 262 can be merged in as the circuit of load 150 a part or be operatively attached to load 150.Impedance unit 210a can sense panel 152 impedance, in string 218a the electric current that flows or in string 218a the voltage at specified point place, it depends on the position of the impedance unit 210a connected in string 218a.Impedance unit 210a by power line communication or via arrive module 262 radio-communication period transmit data, it is corresponding to measured impedance/DC or AC electric current/DC or AC voltage data.The assembly of module 262 couples of system 201a may stolenly be reported to the police, and it corresponds to the pass the change in sensed impedance/current/voltage data that impedance unit 210a provides.Do not receive report, inherently may be stolen.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 f, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 219 of detection, its use system 201a (showing at Fig. 2 e).Impedance unit 210a preferably measures the impedance at each some place in string 218a, DC electric current or DC voltage (step 230).Impedance unit 210a preferably has storer, to store measured impedance, DC electric current or DC voltage as data (step 232).Duration of work by day, impedance unit 210a is by the electrical current in string 218b.Impedance unit 210a and/or module 262 can have charge storage element (being respectively 2100a and 2100b) such as accumulator or capacitor for working at night.Charge storage element (being respectively 2100a and 2100b) is used to duration of work by day and stores electric charge (step 233).The measurement data (step 232) that impedance unit 210a passes through power line communication or is stored via wireless connections transmission (step 234) arriving module 262.Module 262 uses receiver 2102 to receive the measurement data be transmitted, and the data be transmitted and data be stored in advance in the question blank of module 262 are compared (step 238), as a part for the process between module 262 and impedance unit 210a.If compare more than specific predetermined threshold levels between the data (step 232) be stored with received data (step 236), then module 262 to stolen report to the police (step 242) of assembly possibility of system 201a, otherwise can go here and there the impedance on each aspect in 218a, DC electric current or DC voltage (step 230) with regard to continuing to measure.In central location, do not receive report is possible stolen.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 g, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 201b that comprises antitheft feature.Electricity generation system 201b has string 218b, photovoltaic panel 152, impedance unit 210a, electronic module 264, module 262 and load 150.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter, and it has and is connected to line voltage (V _grid) output terminal.Be connected in series output impedance unit 210a to form string 218b.The input end of impedance unit 210a is by parallel or be connected in series the output terminal of electronic module 264.The part of impedance unit 210a as electronic module 264 can be incorporated to.The input end of electronic module 264 is connected to the output terminal of panel 152.Module 262 generally includes receiver 2102 to receive the data transmitted from unit 210a.Electronic module 264 can additionally comprise bypass 264a, between its input end being connected in series in module 264 and output terminal.Bypass 264a normally single-pole switch, it is energized to open circuit when module 264 receives electric power from panel 152, or capacitor or series capacitor and inductor.

Duration of work by day, module 262 can by string 218b power voltage supply, work at night period by line voltage (V _grid) power supply, or module 262 can have the charge storage element 2100b for working at night, such as accumulator or capacitor, its duration of work charging by day.Working at night period, impedance unit 210a is by module 262 (providing the DC electric current of usual 12 volts) power supply, and module 262 is by line voltage (V _grid) and/or charge storage device 2100b power.Duration of work by day, impedance unit 210a is by the power voltage supply of module 264, or impedance unit 210a can have the charge storage element 2100a for working at night, such as accumulator or capacitor, its duration of work charging by day.There is the daytime for 210a and/or the extra selection of working at night, wherein module 262 send AC signal and this AC signal by certain impedance of 210a (inductor of such as resonance) rectification, to produce DC.

String 218b is connected in series to the DC input end of load 150 via direct current (DC) circuit 216.Module 262 by the part of circuit be incorporated to selectively as load 150, or may be operatively attached to load 150.Impedance unit 210a preferably measurement module 264 impedance, in string 218b the electric current that flows or in string 218b the voltage at specified point place, it depends on the position of the impedance unit 210a connected in string 218b, or the voltage of measurement module 264 exports.Impedance unit 210a periodically transmits data by power line communication or via the wireless connections arriving module 262, and these data are corresponding to measured impedance/DC electric current/DC voltage.Module 262 comprises receiver 2102 to receive data from module 210a.The assembly of module 262 couples of system 201a may stolenly be reported to the police, and it corresponds to the pass the change in sensed impedance/current/voltage data that impedance unit 210a provides.Again, theft can be detected by not receiving report from impedance unit 210a, and no matter whether impedance unit 210a is incorporated in module 264.

Impedance measurement performs separately by impedance unit 210a, or by using the center impedance detector 210b being arranged in external AC electrical power source 262 to perform, a kind of rear method is suitable for the situation of the simple panel or do not have with DC module 264.Impedance probe is attached to microprocessor 21, and it has the port carrying storer for analog to digital/digital-analog conversion and plate.

The conjunction of the impedance that the impedance of being measured by impedance unit 210a is reflected indeed through every other impedance unit 210a.Carry out reference to Fig. 2 d now, as the example of circuit, it can be included in impedance unit 210a.Impedance unit 210a can be a part for DC module 264, and has the output capacitance of DC module 264 and series reactor (conventional inductor L or resonant inductor) to increase its impedance.Another example is, impedance unit 210a shows as capacitor (part or individually as DC module 264), and measured impedance is the impedance of capacitor.

According to the feature of this embodiment, and other embodiments disclosed herein, when only photovoltaic panel 152 is stolen, photovoltaic panel 152 can be sensed and be not connected to DC module 264.By day period, be easy to detect that the DC from panel 152 inputs.And during night, when panel 152 does not export DC, DC module 264 can measure panel capacitance, or attempt applying voltage, and whether sense panel 152 at certain some extraction electric current (for its diode voltage).

According to another feature of the present invention, wherein panel 152 be attached to module 264 and only night panel 152 to be stolen; Then likely configuration module 264 so that the impedance by using bypass 264a to reflect panel 152 passively.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 2 h, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the method 261c of theft in distributed generation system 201b protection.Center impedance detector 210b is connected to DC circuit 216 (step 263).Subsequently, detector 210b is by detector signal conveying (step 265) on DC circuit 216, and this detector signal can be AC feeding or DC electric-power wire communication signal.Transmitting step 265 uses microprocessor 21 control and perform.As the result of application detector signal, detector 210b senses the impedance of (step 267) string 218b subsequently.In step 267, sensed impedance can with being compared (step 269) by the resistance value stored in advance of storing in the storer of microprocessor 21.This can be relatively store from the storer at microprocessor 21 deducted by the resistance value stored in advance the impedance be sensed in step 267, to produce difference.At decision box 271, described difference can be subsequently more than specific threshold value or below, this makes alarm (step 273) to theft in this case, otherwise continues transmission detector signal in step 265.

When bypass 264a is single-pole switch (such as magnetic reed relay); At night, when panel 152 does not export DC, this single-pole switch closes usually, and panel 152 impedance switches to the output terminal of module 264 from the input end of module 264.In general, if module 264 is power converter circuits, main switch then in this power converter circuit is open circuit at night, makes the shunt impedance of the output terminal of module 264 and input end (via bypass 264a) can not affect the measurement (step 267) of detector 210b counter plate 152 impedance.Duration of work by day, activates single-pole switch 264a to become open circuit.Another of bypass 264a is preferably realized be, make bypass 264a be fixing bypass between the input end and output terminal of module 264, if this fixing bypass 264a panel 152 impedance is reflected to module 264 output terminal but can not interference module 264 working method.Fixing bypass 264a can be the series capacitor between the input end and output terminal of module 264, or series capacitor between the input end and output terminal of module 264 and inductor (its can resonant operational).

According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of method in a preferred embodiment, it depends on impedance measurement, and this impedance measurement is by sending signal by central location (load/inverter) and measured voltage/current performs.In one example in which, signal is special measuring-signal.In this case, the impedance/electric capacity of the panel 152 without any extra circuit can be sensed.In another example, signal is fed to (on night or daytime) for the AC of power module 264.In another example, signal is power line communications, and it is used (such as order and control, monitor, etc.) for other objects.Extra circuit, such as power module 264, can Impedance of reflection or output capacitance to measure.Selectively, the impedance of the series reactor (inductor of such as conventional, resonance, switched resonance) of DC module 264 is by (from central location) order with control to measure.

Again reference is carried out to Fig. 2 f now, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 219 of detection, it use the system 201b shown in Fig. 2 g.Impedance unit 210a preferably measures the impedance at each some place in string 218b, DC electric current or DC voltage (step 230).Impedance unit 210a preferably has storer, measured impedance, DC or AC electric current or DC or AC voltage are stored (step 232) as data.Duration of work by day, impedance unit 210a powers by the output voltage of module 264, or impedance unit 210a and module 262 preferably can have the charge storage element 2100b used in period of working at night, such as accumulator or capacitor.Charge storage element (2100a and 2100b) is used to duration of work by day and stores electric charge (step 233).Impedance unit 210a is by power line communication or via wireless connections transmission measurement data (step 234) arriving module 262.Module 262 uses receiver 2102 to receive the measurement data be transmitted, and the data this be transmitted compare (step 238), as a part for the process in module 262 and impedance unit 210a with the data in the question blank be stored in advance in module 262.If the comparison of these data is more than specific predeterminated level, then stolen report to the police (step 242) of assembly possibility of module 262 couples of system 201a, otherwise the impedance at each the some place of continuation measurement in string 218a, DC electric current or DC voltage (step 230).

Hotness video camera

Herein, infrared ray (IR) radiation or heat radiation are defined as its wavelength and are longer than visible wavelength (400-700nm) but the electromagnetic radiation being shorter than terahertz emission wavelength (100 μm of-1mm) and microwave wavelength.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 3 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 301 that comprises antitheft feature.Electronic module 302 is operatively attached to photovoltaic panel 152.Electronic module 302 can perform DC-to-dc (DC/DC) conversion or DC-exchanges (AC) inversion, and according to the embodiment of the present invention can reverse bias panel 152.Multiple panel 152 is connected in series to form string 304.Load 150 can be direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.The central control unit 300 be preferably located in load 150 peripheral region is operatively connected to load 150 and electronic module 302.Signal is selectively supplied to electronic module 302 by central control unit 300, and is connected to video camera 306 (not shown).The signal of electronic module 302 is arrived by load 150 being connected to the line of electric force of string 304 or carrying via the wireless connections between controller 300 and module 302 from central controller 300.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 3 b, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the typical topology 310 of the electricity generation system that comprises antitheft feature 301 (showing in fig. 3 a).Topological structure 310 comprises multiple panels 152 with module 302 (not shown), and described model calling is to load 150 and controller 300.Video camera 306 is arranged in the peripheral region of controller 300 and load 150, and described controller 300 and load 150 are arranged in buildings 308.Video camera 306 is preferably hotness imaging camera machine.The ken of video camera 306 preferably catches the image of panel 152.The image of the panel 152 of being caught by video camera 306 is preferably sent to controller 300 for analyzing via electrical power/signal circuit 309 or via radio communication.

Also reference is made to Fig. 3 c now, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 311 of detection, it use the system 301 with topological structure 310.Between theft detection period, signal is sent to electronic module 302 (step 303) from central location 300.From unit 300 to the signal of electronic module 302 by load 150 being connected to the line of electric force of string 304 or carrying via wireless connections or other communication meanss unit 300 and module 302.In general, the signal sent from unit 300 reaches the time period causing the temperature of panel 152 obviously to rise via module 302 reverse bias panel 152 (step 305).After use module 302 reverse bias panel 152 (step 305), video camera 306 is used to catch the picture frame (step 307) of panel 152.Subsequently, unit 300 analyzes (step 309) catches the panel 152 of (307) picture frame by video camera 306.Analyze the picture frame of catching preferably mean the impact of monitoring reverse bias panel 152 or selectively monitor the thermal effect of the common current produced in the period that works by day of panel 152, and do not use the signal sent from unit 300.The way using the signal from unit 300 to carry out reverse bias panel has the effect that panel 152 is heated up, and changes the infrared radiation/heat radiation of panel 152 thus.The existence of panel 152 is (steps 311) of determining by means of the change of the infrared radiation analyzed in captured picture frame by unit 300 after being applied to panel 152 at the signal from unit 300 via module 302.Therefore, do not provide owing to lacking panel 152 and change because signal being applied to the heat that panel 152 causes via module 302, thus achieve stolen report to the police (step 313) of possibility.

Radio communication

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 4 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 401 that comprises antitheft feature.Photovoltaic panel 152 has the transmitter 402 being operatively connected to it.Transmitter 402 preferably has charge storage device 406, and it is for being that transmitter 402 is powered at night.The electricity that the charge storage device 406 of transmitter 402 produces by irradiating panel 152 during normal daytime charges.Multiple panel 152 is connected in series to load 150.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.Be attached to load 150 and be receiver 404 in the peripheral region of load 150.Receiver 404 is from transmitter 402 Received signal strength.Receiver 401 can be made up of the array of the receiver/repeater distributed in solar energy field facility, and described array the most all received information sends to inverter 150.

Also make reference to Fig. 4 b now, which show for using system 401 to carry out antitheft method 403, the method 403 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Operatively be attached to the transmitter 402 signal transmission (step 405) of panel 152.The signal be transmitted of transmitter 402 is preferably each to be transmitted over different frequencies.The different frequency that transmitter 402 carries out transmitting allows the unique identification to particular panel 152.The signal be transmitted of transmitter 402 is monitored (step 407) by receiver 404.Which monitor (step 407) by receiver 404 preferably to allow carrying out transmission to transmitter 402 distinguish and identify.(step 409) is sensed to the signal lacked from transmitter preferably by receiver 404.Receiver 404 is reported to the police to theft situation by means of lacking the one or more signals received from transmitter 402.

In extra method, transmitter 402 only sends signal (by particular sensor such as accelerometer or detect by disconnecting cable, described disconnection cable cutting is from the signal of inverter 150 or DC feeding) after stealing.

In extra realization, transmitter 402 is passive, and only comprises resonant circuit (series/parallel) and antenna.Inverter 150 sends AC signal via cable, and it is transmitted passively by the antenna of 402, and is amplified by the resonant circuit of 402.It is advantageous that, except sending except signal on cable, at night without the need to carrying out any feeding.

The another kind of variant of this method is, wherein photovoltaic panel comprises the module using the resonant circuit had in different frequency bands, make load 150 send all relevant frequencies (such as frequency sweeping) and the generation of receiver 402 sensing frequency depression (frequency dip), depression is the specific instruction of stolen module.Which provide and identify and extra accuracy (because conjunction not being asked to the strength signal received in all modules).

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 4 c, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 405 that comprises antitheft feature.Multiple photovoltaic panel 152 is connected in series to form string.The string of photovoltaic panel 152 is connected across load 150.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.Transmitter 402 and receiver 408 are operatively attached to each panel 152.Transmitter 402 and receiver 408 can share common assembly, and can are radio transceiver by unification.Central control unit 410 is operatively attached to transmitter 402 and receiver 408 via load 150.Control module 706 can operatively be attached to transmitter 402 and receiver 408 via power line communication or via wireless connections.Receiver 408 is selectively from transmitter 402 Received signal strength.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 4 d, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 421 detecting/prevent.The signal intensity (step 423) of the transmitter 402 within the scope of the next-door neighbour of panel 152 measured by receiver 408.Signal intensity measured in next-door neighbour's scope of panel 152 is used to detect (step 427) object in next-door neighbour's scope of panel 152 according to the change (step 425) of predetermined threshold.Change in the signal intensity detected by receiver 408 is transported to central controller 410, which provides the warning (step 429) that counter plate 152 may be stolen.If obviously do not change (step 425) in threshold signal strength, receiver 408 continues the signal intensity (step 423) of the transmitter 402 measured within the scope of the next-door neighbour of panel 152.

Electric field intensity measuremenrt

" electric field " refers at the electric flux existed in the space of electric charge as used herein, the term, or the electric flux existed in the space of time-varying magnetic field.Can be air and/or dielectric substance around the space of electric charge or the space that has time-varying magnetic field to exist.Power is applied on other charged objects by electric field, and wherein the amplitude of power depends on the quadratic relationship reciprocal of the spacing of charged object.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 5 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 501 that comprises antitheft feature.Multiple photovoltaic panel 152 is connected in series to form string.The string of photovoltaic panel 152 is connected across load 150.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.Field sensor 502 is operatively attached to each panel 152.Field sensor 502 is usually measured in the electric field in panel 152 or the electric field in next-door neighbour's scope of panel 152 and is measured.Controller 504 is operatively attached to sensor 502, and this controller 504 is also operatively attached to load 150.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 5 b, which show the common cross section 590 of photovoltaic panel 152.Cross section 590 show typical parts 520a, the 520b that can be included in photovoltaic panel 152,522,524a, 534b, 526 and 528.Parts 522,524a, 534b, 526 and 528 are arranged in the housing 520 formed by parts 520a (being generally metal alloy) and 520b (being generally the material of metal alloy or plastic type), and this housing 520 is for surrounding insulating trip 522.Near insulating trip 522 are reactive diaphragm seal 524a, and it is made up of vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer usually.Near reactive diaphragm seal 524a is photovoltaic substrate 526, is thereafter another reactive diaphragm seal 524b.Finally, is the sheet 528 being generally low iron flat glass after reactive diaphragm seal 524b.The side adjoining the photovoltaic substrate 526 of reactive diaphragm seal 524b is metal track 550 (not shown) position, photovoltaic cell 552 (not shown) of described metal track electrical connection photovoltaic substrate 526.Sensor 502 can be placed between photovoltaic substrate 526 and reactive diaphragm seal 524a or in region a.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 5 c, which show the planimetric map of photovoltaic panel 152.This planimetric map shows housing 520 and photovoltaic cell 552, and its middle orbit 550 is through that transparent glass 528 and sheet 524b show.

Also reference is carried out to Fig. 5 d now, which show the equivalent condenser 505 representing photovoltaic panel 152.Plate 530 and node D represent the housing 520 of panel 152 equivalently.Medium 534 entirety represents: insulating trip 522, reactive diaphragm seal 524b/524a, photovoltaic substrate 526, low iron flat glass 528 and the spatial domain shown by the region A in Fig. 5 b.Plate 532 and node E represent metal track sediment 550, photovoltaic cell 552 that show in its electrical connection graph 5c, photovoltaic substrate 526.Capacitor 505, electric capacity (C) in units of farad provided by equation 1

C = \frac{ϵ_{0} ϵ_{r} X}{d}

Equation 1

Wherein ε ₀=permittivity of vacuum=8.85X 10 ^-12farad every meter, ε _rthe relative dielectric constant of=dielectric 534 or electric medium constant, the area of X=plate 530 and 532, and, the distance between d=plate 530 and 532.Because the spatial domain shown by region A in figure 5b constitutes specific inductive capacity (ε _r) a part, therefore the object in the peripheral region of region A causes specific inductive capacity (ε _r) change, therefore electric capacity (C) change electric field (E) change therefore in capacitor 505.

Also reference is made to Fig. 5 e now, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 511 detecting/prevent, it uses equivalent condenser 505.Sensor 502 measures the electric field intensity (step 503) in panel 152 or the electric field intensity in next-door neighbour's scope (i.e. region A) of panel 152.In next-door neighbour's scope of panel 152 or the electric field intensity of field measured in panel 152 according to the change (step 505) of predetermined threshold be used to detect (step 507) object in next-door neighbour's scope of panel 152.Change in the electric field intensity detected by sensor 502 is transferred to central controller 504, and this central controller 504 provides the stolen alarm (step 509) of counter plate 152 possibility.If significantly do not change (step 505) in the threshold value of electric field intensity, then sensor 502 continues to measure electric field intensity (step 503).

From the reflection in string

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 6 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 601 that comprises antitheft feature.Multiple photovoltaic module 606 is connected in series to form photovoltaic string 608.Photovoltaic string 608 is connected across load 150 via direct current (DC) line of electric force 610.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.Photovoltaic module 606 has photovoltaic panel 152, and it is operatively attached to switch element 602.Central control unit 604 is operatively attached to load 150, and usually provides control signal and test signal, and these signals are added on line of electric force 610 via load 150.Switch element 602 selectively receives the control signal from unit 604, and in response to the control signal from unit 604; Switch element 602 reconfigures the connection of panel 152 to load 150 by adding with the resonant circuit of panel 152 serial or parallel connection usually.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 6 b, which show the further details of photovoltaic module 606 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Photovoltaic module 606 has switch element 602 usually, and it is connected in panel 152 two ends in parallel, is connected in series the string of panel, or switch element 602 can be connected across the string of panel 152.Multiple switch element can be activated independently.Switch element 602 is operatively attached to controller 604, and when switch element 602 is connected in parallel module 606, switch element 602 preferably has switch S ₁, itself and capacitor C _swith inductor L _sbe connected in series.Switch S ₁activated by actuator 612, wherein actuator 612 obtains electric power from the connection of crossing over panel 152, and obtains control signal from central control unit 604, so that Closing Switch S ₁.The electric power that actuator 612 obtains from panel 152 charges to storage facilities extraly, and described storage facilities is the accumulator being such as arranged in actuator 612, to allow working at night of switch element 602.Multiple switch element 602 can by activation/deactivation independently.

Fig. 6 b shows the resonant circuit being parallel-connected to panel 152.Selectively, resonant circuit can connect (this resonant circuit is LC in parallel but not series LC) with panel 152.

Need right and wrong enforceable for this resonant circuit of switch, and if when actuator 612 does not have the electric power for switched resonant circuit, then switched resonant circuit is impossible.Even if resonant circuit connects all the time (serial or parallel connection), all reflection can be measured.But the reason of adding this resonant switch is, to order each series excitation live or do not activate resonance.Which like this, likely control (via central location, such as, being load 150 in this case) string to have participated in reflection measurement.Especially, preferably only have one to go here and there in the time and participate in, it can for measuring the degree of accuracy (meaning that every other string will interrupt its resonance) provided.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 6 c, show according to the embodiment of the present invention, steal for using system 601 to carry out the method 611 detecting/prevent.Control signal is added to (step 603) on line of electric force 610 by controller 604.Control signal to be added to switch S line of electric force 610 caused in switch element 602 by controller 604 ₁closed.When Closing Switch unit 602, switch S ₁cause the capacitor C of series resonant circuit _swith inductor L _sbe connected across panel 152 (step 605).In general, switch S ₁close predetermined time section.Along with S ₁close, test signal to be added to line of electric force 610 (step 607) by controller 604.The test signal that controller 604 is added on line of electric force 610 can be Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) signal or frequency domain reflected signal (FDR).Test signal preferably with capacitor C _swith inductor L _scarry out resonance.Series capacitor C _swith inductor L _sthe value had is selected to provide the narrow band circuit of usual 15-25MHz.Subsequently, controller 604 senses (step 609) on line of electric force 610 by TDR or FDR reflected.If detect by the change (step 611) in the sensing threshold value of test signal that reflects, then can to may stolen report to the police (step 613), otherwise theft detects and again continues step 603.

Mesh network

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 7 a, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electricity generation system 701 that comprises antitheft feature.Multiple photovoltaic panel 152 is connected in series to form string.The string of photovoltaic panel 152 is connected across load 150.Subsequently, also multiple connection in series-parallel is connected.Load 150 is preferably direct current (DC)-interchange (AC) inverter.Electronic module 702 is attached to each panel 152.Module 702 receives data-signal via wireless or power line communication from controller 704 usually.Such as, from the data-signal that controller 704 receives, panel module B requires that panel module B is provided in the details of other panel modules next-door neighbour's scope of panel module B usually.Panel module in next-door neighbour's scope of panel B is panel module A, C and D.Panel module is collected in the data of other panel modules in next-door neighbour's scope usually, and via radio communication or by line of electric force panel 152 being connected to load 150, data-signal is sent it back controller 704.

Now reference is carried out to Fig. 7 b, which show according to the embodiment of the present invention, for stealing the method 731 detecting/prevent.Usually install or upgraded electricity generation system 701 time, enroll in the question blank of controller 704 about the electrical connection of the panel 152 in system 701 and/or topological layout, the details of system 701.Use panel module B as illustrative embodiments of the present invention, signal is sent to panel module B (step 703) via radio communication or by line of electric force panel 152 being connected to load 150 by controller 704 usually.The signal being sent to panel module B from controller 704 causes panel module B to construct confirmation signal (step 705) based on the signal sent from controller 704.The confirmation signal constructed generally includes: about the information of panel module B and the feature according to preferred implementation, the information that panel module B collects from panel module A, C and the D next-door neighbour's scope of panel module B.Panel module B, via radio communication or the power line transmission confirmation signal by panel 152 being connected to load 150, wherein passes through controller 704 confirmation of receipt signal (step 707).Subsequently, the question blank stored in the confirmation signal be received and controller 704 compares (step 709) by controller 704.If comparative result good (step 711), then detect (step 703) by sending signal to continue theft from central control unit 704, otherwise may stolen report to the police (step 713) to a panel and/or multiple panel 152.

In another embodiment, detector signal (step 703) and confirmation signal (step 705) is not required.On the contrary, each module 702 can be programmed to send information towards its contiguous module, and such as every three minutes once.When being received, first described message be that to indicate transport module 702 be active and can the message of measurement data (such as impedance and transmission data).The message be transmitted is received by contiguous module 702, and this transmission can be propagated along mesh network, until this transmission arrives the controller 704 usually in load/inverter/main receiver side.

Employ clear and definite article " (a) ", " one (an) " herein, such as " transducer ", " switch ", the implication that it has " one or more ", i.e. " one or more transducer " or " one or more switch ".

Although the present invention is described about the embodiment of limited quantity, will be apparent that, many changes, correction and other application can be made to the present invention.

Although it being understood that and there is described herein different embodiments, the feature of various different embodiment can be incorporated into together with the preferred any array mode of those of skill in the art.Do so such as to provide and there is two or more theft prevent the/system of checkout equipment.

Claims

1. the theft checkout equipment in electricity generation system, described theft checkout equipment comprises:

Multiple bypass apparatus, between the input end that each bypass apparatus is suitable for being connected in multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding and output terminal, and be suitable for the described output impedance of corresponding in multiple DC power supplys of the described input end being connected to described in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding being reflected to described in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding, described output terminal is connected in series to DC line of electric force;

Impedance probe, described impedance probe is suitable for sensing the impedance on described DC line of electric force; And

Comprise the module of microprocessor, described in comprise microprocessor module be suitable for receiving from described impedance probe the impedance data sensed, and be suitable for the change detecting the impedance on described DC line of electric force based on sensed impedance data.

2. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, each bypass apparatus in wherein said multiple bypass apparatus comprises logical normally closed switch, described in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding one from the described multiple DC power supplys be connected corresponding one receive electric power time described switch opens.

3. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, each bypass apparatus in wherein said multiple bypass apparatus comprises the series capacitor between described input end and described output terminal being connected to described in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding, or the series capacitor be connected between the described input end of described in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding and described output terminal and inductor.

4. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 3, also comprise the interchange AC power supplies being suitable for AC electric current to be added on described DC line of electric force, each impedance response in wherein said multiple DC power supply is in described AC electric current.

5. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 4, each bypass apparatus in wherein said multiple bypass apparatus is with resonant operational.

6. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, also comprise described multiple DC-DC power converter, wherein when there is no a corresponding reception electric power the described multiple DC power supplys connected from it, each in described multiple DC-DC power converter has at the shunt impedance of its input end with its output, and described shunt impedance does not affect the impedance sensed by described impedance probe.

7. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, also comprise multiple impedance probe, each impedance probe is connected to the described output of in described multiple DC-DC power converter corresponding, and wherein said module is positioned at load place that is connected to described DC line of electric force and is suitable for receiving from described multiple impedance probe the impedance data sensed.

8. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 7, each impedance probe in wherein said multiple impedance probe comprises can operate the transmitter that the impedance data sensed transfers to described module, and described module comprises the receiver of the impedance data that can operate to receive described sensing from each impedance probe.

9. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said module comprises storer, and described microprocessor is configured to the impedance data of the impedance data of described sensing with the prior sensing stored in which memory to compare to produce difference, and provides alarm in response to described difference more than pre-determined threshold value.

10. steal checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, each DC power supply in wherein said multiple DC power supply comprises photovoltaic panel.

11. 1 kinds of theft detection methods for electricity generation system, described method comprises:

Use multiple bypass apparatus that multiple impedances of the multiple DC power supplys being connected to the input end of multiple DC-DC power converter are reflected to the output of described multiple DC-DC power converter, described multiple DC-DC power converter is connected in series to DC line of electric force;

Use the impedance of impedance probe sensing on described DC line of electric force;

The impedance data from the sensing of described impedance probe is received at a module place; And

Described module is used to detect the change of the impedance on described DC line of electric force based on the impedance data of described sensing.

12. steal detection method as claimed in claim 11, each bypass apparatus in wherein said multiple bypass apparatus comprises logical normally closed switch, described method also comprises: when each switch corresponding DC-DC power converter receives electric power from corresponding DC power supply, open described each switch.

13. steal detection method as claimed in claim 11, each bypass apparatus in wherein said multiple bypass apparatus comprises the series capacitor between described input end and described output terminal being connected to its corresponding DC-DC power converter, or the series capacitor be connected between the described input end of its corresponding DC-DC power converter and described output terminal and inductor.

14. steal detection method as claimed in claim 13, also comprise:

Use interchange AC power supplies to be added to by AC electric current on described DC line of electric force, the impedance response of wherein said multiple DC power supply is in described AC electric current.

15. steal detection method as claimed in claim 14, also comprise: with the described multiple bypass apparatus of resonance manner operation.

16. steal detection method as claimed in claim 11, also comprise: use the multiple impedance probes being connected to the described output of described multiple DC-DC power converter to sense the impedance of described line of electric force.

17. steal detection method as claimed in claim 16, also comprise:

From described multiple impedance probe, the impedance data of described sensing is transferred to described module; And

Described module is used to receive the impedance data of described sensing from described multiple impedance probe.

18. steal detection method as claimed in claim 11, also comprise:

At described module place, the impedance data of described sensing and the impedance data sensed in advance are compared to produce difference; And

More than pre-determined threshold value, alarm is provided in response to described difference.