CN104764525A - Cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source - Google Patents
Cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764525A CN104764525A CN201510161106.4A CN201510161106A CN104764525A CN 104764525 A CN104764525 A CN 104764525A CN 201510161106 A CN201510161106 A CN 201510161106A CN 104764525 A CN104764525 A CN 104764525A
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- transmission line
- noise source
- discharge tube
- gas discharge
- cold cathode
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source. A cold cathode gas discharge tube penetrates through and is fixed to a waveguide transmission line. A matched load absorber is placed inside the waveguide transmission line and is close to one side port. The tip of a wedge of the matched load absorber faces an output port on the other side of the waveguide transmission line. An end cover is fixed to face of the port of the side, with the matched load absorber, of the waveguide transmission line through a screw. A power assembly is fixed to the top of the waveguide transmission line through a fixing part. A temperature measurement assembly is fixed to a shell through a screw. The surfaces of platinum resistor temperature sensors are coated with heat conducting ester, and the platinum resistor temperature sensors are fixed into installation holes in the two sides of the waveguide transmission line and an installation hole in the tail of the matched load absorber. A power socket is fixed to the tail of the shell through a nut. The shell is fixed to the waveguide transmission line through a screw. A waveguide adapter is fixed to the output end face of the waveguide transmission line through a screw. The noise source solves the problem that the millimeter wave band, especially more than 50 GHz millimeter wave frequency band noise parameter measurement cost is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source, particularly a kind of low cost, broadband, there is the cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source of cold conditions noise temperature correction.
Background technology
Along with the progress of science and technology, the device of millimeter wave frequency band and system are applied more and more extensive.For some low-noise devices and system, noise figure is its Key Performance Indicator, and the noise source indispensable critical equipment equipment that is measurement noises coefficient.The noise source of below 50GHz mostly is solid-state noise source, and because of its price not high, in society, popularity rate is higher; And having arrived more than 50GHz, an average solid-state noise source needs tens0000 Renminbi.Then corresponding use cost will significantly increase, and is unfavorable for research and production.
Common noise source is divided into Four types: cold and hot noise source, saturated diode noise source, solid-state noise source and gas-discharge tube noise source.(1) cold and hot noise source is controlled by matched load to realize in a certain fixing physical temperature, because its equivalent output noise temperature can define accurately by mathematical model, use so be widely used in one-level metering mechanism as noise-measuring standard, but because it uses comparatively complicated, so seldom use in daily noise parameter is measured; (2) saturated diode noise source uses cathode temperature restricted and the diode being operated in saturation region realizes, but it can only work in the lower metric wave of frequency and decimeter range.(3) solid-state noise source is by diode reverse biased, makes it be in avalanche breakdown state, utilizes the electrical current fluctuations of charge carrier avalanche multiplication to produce noise signal.It is the noise source be most widely used at present, and the frequency range of solid-state noise source commercial is at present from a few kHz to 170GHz.But when its frequency has arrived more than 50GHz, price will be very expensive; (4) gas-discharge tube is a kind of ionic device, and it is made up of filament (negative electrode) and anode.The inert gas of certain pressure intensity is full of in pipe.When discharge tube is lighted, gas ionization in pipe, produces gas discharge, thus produces the electromagnetic radiation with Noise Characteristic.Gas-discharge tube is inserted transmission line by gas discharge tube noise source exactly in some way, and transmission line one termination terminator, the other end is output terminal.The type that gas discharge tube noise source uses according to discharge tube, can be divided into again hot-cathode gas discharge pipe noise source and cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source, with solve millimeter wave frequency band especially more than 50GHz millimeter wave frequency band noise parameter measure problem with high costs.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source, this noise source comprises: waveguide transmission line, cold cathode gas discharge tube, matched load absorber, power supply module, temperature survey assembly, platinum resistance temperature sensor, end cap, shell, supply socket and waveguide adapter; Described cold cathode gas discharge tube passes and is fixed on described waveguide transmission line; Described matched load absorber is placed on described waveguide transmission line inside and near a side ports, the tip of its wedge is towards opposite side waveguide transmission line output port; Described end cap is screwed on the actinal surface that described waveguide transmission line places described matched load absorber side; Described power supply module fixture is fixed on the top of described waveguide transmission line; Described temperature survey assembly is screwed at described shell; Described platinum resistance temperature sensor surface coated with thermally conductive ester in the mounting hole being separately fixed at described waveguide transmission line both sides and in the mounting hole of described matched load absorber afterbody; Described supply socket nut is fixed on the afterbody of described shell; Described shell is screwed on described waveguide transmission line; Described waveguide adapter is screwed on the output end face of described waveguide transmission line.Wherein, described waveguide transmission line is preferably 8mm frequency range waveguide transmission line, and the bandwidth of described waveguide transmission line is 26.5GHz-40GHz.Cold cathode gas discharge tube is tilt through and be fixed on described waveguide transmission line by flexible attachment through described waveguide transmission line; The angle of described inclination is 12 °; The diameter of described cold cathode gas discharge tube is the 1/4-1/3 of waveguide transmission line broadside.Preferably, described waveguide adapter is selected from 8mm frequency range to 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter, 8mm frequency range to 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter or 8mm frequency range to 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter.Preferably, described 8mm frequency range is 33GHz-50GHz to the frequency range of 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter; Described 8mm frequency range is 50GHz-75GHz to the frequency range of 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter; Described 8mm frequency range is 75GHz-110GHz to the frequency range of 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter.
Beneficial effect
It is low that technical scheme of the present invention has cost, and operating frequency range is wide, and operating frequency range is 26.5GHz-110GHz, the advantage that accuracy is high.Compared with prior art: first, because hot-cathode gas discharge pipe seldom to have production now, so current gas discharge tube noise source is on the market rarely found, the cold cathode gas discharge tube that the present invention adopts is as illuminating device, because its social consumption is very large, so cost is very low, the price in the gas discharge tube noise source produced with it can control in less than 1/2 of same frequency range solid-state noise source price, and after volume production, price can be accomplished lower; The second, the present invention is by waveguide adapter, can covering frequence 26.5GHz-110GHz (by changing the parameter of gas discharge tube interior gas, later stage can expand to more high band), and solid-state noise source cannot cover so wide frequency range with the manner or alternate manner at present; 3rd, the present invention, by inserting platinum resistance temperature sensor measuring tempeature at key position, can revise because the error of gas-discharge tube heating introducing, thus can improve its accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source;
Fig. 2 illustrate noise source of the present invention shell after inner structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 illustrates the temperature components schematic diagram on noise source shell of the present invention;
Fig. 4 illustrates noise source sectional view of the present invention.
In figure, 1,8mm frequency range waveguide transmission line, 2, cold cathode gas discharge tube, 3, matched load absorber, 4, power supply module, 5, temperature survey assembly, 6, platinum resistance temperature sensor, 7, end cap, 8, shell, 9, supply socket, 10, waveguide adapter.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source, this noise source comprises waveguide transmission line 1 and cold cathode gas discharge tube 2, described cold cathode gas discharge tube 2, and to be fixed by the flexible attachment of such as silica gel sheath and described waveguide transmission line through described waveguide transmission line with fixed angle; The inside, one end of described waveguide transmission line 1 is provided with matched load absorber 3, and the described other end is provided with waveguide adapter.Wherein, described waveguide transmission line adopts 8mm frequency range waveguide transmission line, and the frequency range of this waveguide transmission line 1 is 26.5GHz-40GHz, and the two ends of this waveguide transmission line are provided with at least two perforates, are provided with platinum resistance temperature sensor in hole; The fixed angle that described cold cathode gas discharge tube 2 and described waveguide transmission line 1 are formed is 12 °, and the diameter of described cold cathode gas discharge tube 2 is 1/3 to 1/4 of described waveguide line width; Described matched load absorber 3 is taper, and its wedge end is towards the waveguide adapter link of described waveguide transmission line 1; The present invention is provided with platinum resistance temperature sensor 6 pressing close to matched load absorber 3 one end near end cap; Described waveguide adapter is 8mm frequency range to 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter, 8mm frequency range to 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter or 8mm frequency range to 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter.This noise source comprises end cap further, and this end cap 7 is fixed on one end that described waveguide transmission line is provided with matched load absorber 3; As shown in Figure 2, this noise source comprises the power supply module 4 be arranged on described waveguide transmission line further.As shown in Figure 3, this noise source is arranged in a housing 8, described housing 8 is provided with temperature survey assembly 5, based on platinum resistance temperature sensor, the temperature in real-time measurement noises source, simultaneously according to the temperature that platinum resistance temperature sensor is measured, the temperature error that gas-discharge tube heating is introduced is revised; And the supply socket 9 to be connected with power supply module; Described waveguide adapter is fixing on the housing.In order to the content structure embodying noise source of the present invention clearly, as shown in Figure 4, the diagrammatic cross-section of noise source of the present invention is provided.
Cold cathode gas discharge tube 2 passes and is fixed on waveguide transmission line 1, and cold cathode gas discharge tube 2 is tilt through and be fixed on waveguide transmission line 1 by flexible attachment through waveguide transmission line 1; Its angle tilted through is 12 °; The diameter of cold cathode gas discharge tube 2 is the 1/4-1/3 of waveguide transmission line 1 broadside; Matched load absorber 3 is placed on the inner and port near transmission line side of waveguide transmission line 1, and the tip of absorber wedge is towards the opposite side output port of waveguide transmission line 1; End cap 7 is screwed on the actinal surface that waveguide transmission line 1 places matched load absorber 3 side; Power supply module 4 fixture is fixed on the top of waveguide transmission line 1; Temperature survey assembly 5 is screwed on shell 8; The surperficial coated with thermally conductive ester of platinum resistance temperature sensor 6 in the mounting hole being separately fixed at waveguide transmission line 1 both sides and in the mounting hole of matched load absorber 3 afterbody; Supply socket 9 nut is fixed on the afterbody of shell 8; Shell 8 is screwed on waveguide transmission line 1; Waveguide adapter 10 is screwed on the output end face of waveguide transmission line 1.
In the present embodiment, waveguide transmission line selects 8mm frequency range waveguide transmission line, and its bandwidth is 26.5GHz-40GHz; Waveguide adapter is selected from 8mm frequency range to 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter, 8mm frequency range to 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter or 8mm frequency range to 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter; Wherein, 8mm frequency range is 33GHz-50GHz to the frequency range of 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter; 8mm frequency range is 50GHz-75GHz to the frequency range of 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter; 8mm frequency range is 75GHz-110GHz to the frequency range of 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter.
The present invention before use, first needs to be sent to professional metering mechanism and calibrates, obtain its excess noise ratio (ENR) value, then in use, is divided into two stages.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) noise source is connected with SONOAN, pre-thermal noise source;
2) the reading P of recording noise analyser when noise source energising and power-off
h1and P
c1and the reading T of noise source temperature components during power-off
c1;
3) measured device is connected with noise source and SONOAN respectively;
4) the reading P of recording noise analyser when noise source energising and power-off
h2and P
c2and the reading T of noise source temperature components during power-off
c2;
5) the noise figure NF value of measured device is calculated according to formula (1);
Wherein, T
h=290 × (10
eNR/10-1) (2)
Wherein, ENR is the excess noise ratio value of noise source.
When ignoring T
c1and T
c2with the difference of standard noise temperature 290K, namely think T
c1=T
c2during=290K, formula (1) is reduced to formula (3):
The major function of noise source is the different noise power of output two kinds, coordinates noise factor meter device to complete the measurement of noise figure.The output of two kinds of different capacities of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source is by lighting and extinguishing cold cathode gas discharge tube to realize.When cold cathode gas discharge tube is lighted, low-pressure gas in cold cathode gas discharge tube produces electric discharge, form ion plasma, and ion plasma is a stable noise source, its equivalent output noise temperature (i.e. noise power spectral density) depends primarily on the electron temperature of ion plasma, electron temperature is higher, and equivalent output temperature is higher; When cold cathode gas discharge tube extinguishes, the equivalent output noise temperature of noise source depends primarily on the physical temperature of matched load absorber.In order to reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) that gas-discharge tube causes, the diameter of gas-discharge tube should be chosen as 1/4 to 1/3 of waveguide broadside, and makes gas-discharge tube tubular axis become a certain low-angle with waveguide broadside oblique, is 12 ° in the present embodiment.
The bandwidth of operation of waveguide transmission line is limited, and the frequency band of the output noise power of gas-discharge tube is very wide, therefore can utilize the high pass characteristic of waveguide, is widened the operating frequency range of noise source by the waveguide adapter connecting different frequency range.In the present invention, by 8mm frequency range to 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter/8mm frequency range to 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter/8mm frequency range to 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter, noise source can be worked in the frequency band range of 26.5GHz ~ 110GHz.
Because waveguide transmission line itself is lossy, it also has noise contribution, and its noise contribution distributes relevant to the physical temperature of its inner waveguide wall; Simultaneously because the thermal value of gas-discharge tube is very large.Can affect the physical temperature of matched load absorber and the physical temperature distribution of waveguide transmission line, therefore, original noise source does not measure the physical temperature distribution of waveguide transmission line and matched load absorber, and unified by room temperature treatment, can introduce extra error.This error is not too remarkable in low-frequency range, but has arrived millimeter wave frequency band, along with the raising of frequency, its error introduced can be increasing, the present invention, by measuring the physical temperature of key position, can revise the error that physical temperature is introduced, thus improves the accuracy of noise parameter measurement.
In sum, technical scheme of the present invention first, because hot-cathode gas discharge pipe seldom to have production now, so current gas discharge tube noise source is on the market rarely found, the cold cathode gas discharge tube that the present invention adopts is as illuminating device, because its social consumption is very large, so cost is very low, the price in the gas discharge tube noise source produced with it can control in less than 1/2 of same frequency range solid-state noise source price, and after volume production, price can be accomplished lower; Secondly, the present invention is by waveguide adapter, can covering frequence 26.5GHz-110GHz, by changing the parameter of gas discharge tube interior gas, the later stage can expand to more high band, and solid-state noise source cannot cover so wide frequency range with the manner or alternate manner at present; Again, the present invention, by inserting platinum resistance temperature sensor measuring tempeature at key position, can revise because the error of gas-discharge tube heating introducing, thus can improve its accuracy.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source, it is characterized in that, this noise source comprises waveguide transmission line and cold cathode gas discharge tube, and described cold cathode gas discharge tube passes described waveguide transmission line with fixed angle, and is fixed by flexible attachment and described waveguide transmission line; The inside, one end of described waveguide transmission line is provided with matched load absorber, and the described other end is provided with waveguide adapter.
2. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described waveguide transmission line adopts 8mm frequency range waveguide transmission line, and the frequency range of this waveguide transmission line is 26.5GHz-40GHz.
3. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The fixed angle that described cold cathode gas discharge tube and described waveguide transmission line are formed is 12 °;
The diameter of described cold cathode gas discharge tube is 1/3 to 1/4 of described waveguide line width.
4. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described matched load absorber is wedge shape, and its wedge end is towards the waveguide adapter link of described waveguide transmission line.
5. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described waveguide adapter is 8mm frequency range to 6mm frequency range waveguide adapter, 8mm frequency range to 5mm frequency range waveguide adapter or 8mm frequency range to 3mm frequency range waveguide adapter.
6. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this noise source comprises end cap further, and this end cap is fixed on one end that described waveguide transmission line is provided with matched load absorber.
7. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this noise source comprises the power supply module be arranged on described waveguide transmission line further.
8. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
The two ends of described waveguide transmission line are provided with at least two perforates;
Described matched load absorber is provided with perforate near one end of end cap.
9. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 8, is characterized in that, this noise source comprises the platinum resistance temperature sensor being arranged on waveguide transmission line perforate and the perforate of matched load absorber further.
10. a kind of cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source according to claim 9, is characterized in that, this noise source is arranged in a housing, and described housing is provided with
Temperature survey assembly, based on platinum resistance temperature sensor, the temperature in real-time measurement noises source; And the supply socket to be connected with power supply module;
Described waveguide adapter is fixing on the housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510161106.4A CN104764525A (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-07 | Cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source |
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| CN2014108407139 | 2014-12-30 | ||
| CN201410840713 | 2014-12-30 | ||
| CN201510161106.4A CN104764525A (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-07 | Cold cathode gas discharge tube noise source |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727267A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of coaxial standard cryogenic noise source |
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| US2745011A (en) * | 1952-05-20 | 1956-05-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Very high frequency gas discharge noise source |
| US5610477A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1997-03-11 | Mra Technology Group | Low breakdown voltage gas discharge device and methods of manufacture and operation |
| CN201917393U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-08-03 | 中国航天科工集团第二研究院二○三所 | Microwave thermal noise standard source device |
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2015
- 2015-04-07 CN CN201510161106.4A patent/CN104764525A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2745011A (en) * | 1952-05-20 | 1956-05-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Very high frequency gas discharge noise source |
| US5610477A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1997-03-11 | Mra Technology Group | Low breakdown voltage gas discharge device and methods of manufacture and operation |
| CN201917393U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-08-03 | 中国航天科工集团第二研究院二○三所 | Microwave thermal noise standard source device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘兴等: "8毫米噪声信号发生器", 《电子技术》 * |
| 周其昌: "冷阴极脉冲噪声源", 《真空电子技术》 * |
| 高崇龄: "厘米波段气体放电管噪声发生器", 《西安交通大学学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727267A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of coaxial standard cryogenic noise source |
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