CN104762495B - Magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protective method - Google Patents
Magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protective method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104762495B CN104762495B CN201510119804.8A CN201510119804A CN104762495B CN 104762495 B CN104762495 B CN 104762495B CN 201510119804 A CN201510119804 A CN 201510119804A CN 104762495 B CN104762495 B CN 104762495B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protective method, which includes following steps: (1) heating furnace burden of magnesium or magnesium alloy to melt the furnace burden; (2) when the furnace burden is molten completely, refining and slagging-off the furnace burden, and quickly and uniformly sprinkling simple substance of carbon onto the surface of the magnesium and magnesium alloy melt for protecting the magnesium and magnesium alloy melt; and (3) performing alloying, refining or pouring to the magnesium and the magnesium alloy. Compared with a smelting protective method of the magnesium and the magnesium alloy in the prior art, by means of the simple substance of carbon as a smelting protective medium of the magnesium and the magnesium alloy, the method can satisfy the requirements of low cost, low GWP, zero-emission of harmful gas and no reduction of mechanical performances of the magnesium and the magnesium alloy during the magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protection. The method has a very high advantage and is great in application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium and protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy, belong to magnesium alloy metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy has the characteristics such as light specific gravity, specific strength and specific stiffness height, has important function in terms of energy-saving and emission-reduction.With
People to the energy and the growing interest of environment, used as lightweighting materials, the application of magnesium alloy is being subject to unprecedented heavy
Depending on.But, magnesium is high with the affinity of oxygen, and magnesium oxide generates heat height and short texture, and under high temperature, magnesium can occur serious oxidation, combustion
Burn, even explode.Therefore, the fire-resisting protection of magnesium alloy fused mass is the matter of utmost importance in magnesium alloy production.In order to solve magnesium alloy
The problem of melt fire-resisting protection, people successively have developed flux protection method, gas protection method, alloying ignition-proof method and vacuum melting
Method etc..The outstanding feature of flux protection method is simple technique and equipment, low cost, has to magnesium alloy refine to act on, but, flux
Produce harmful gass in use, flux forms flux mixture in being mixed into magnesium alloy, reduce magnesium alloy mechanical property and resistance to
Corrosive nature etc..Gas protection method is wide variety of guard method in current large-scale production, the protective gas of most common of which
It is SF6, SF6Gas belongs to greenhouse gases, its global warming potential（GWP）It is CO224900 times, be《The United Nations's weather
Change framework convention》With《The Kyoto Protocol》The object that emphasis is limited and banned.Alloy element is improving magnesium alloy burning-point
Meanwhile, composition, tissue and performance of magnesium alloy etc. is have also been changed, the mechanical property of magnesium alloy is reduced.Vacuum melting method, needs
Complicated pumped vacuum systems and the aerating device of anti-magnesium evaporation, the magnesium alloy high cost of vacuum melting.Therefore, at present in the urgent need to
Seeking one kind while meet inexpensive, low GWP value, produce without harmful gass, and can not reduce the mechanical property of magnesium alloy etc.
The magnesium alloy smelting resist technology of requirement.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a kind of magnesium and protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy, is reached
Inexpensive, the low GWP value protected to magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting, produce without harmful gass, and do not reduce the mechanical property of magnesium alloy
The purposes such as energy.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
A kind of pure magnesium or protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy, by pure magnesium or the heating fusing of magnesium alloy furnace charge, treat that pure magnesium or magnesium are closed
After golden furnace charge all melts, refine, skim, carbon simple substance is quickly and evenly sprinkled upon on pure magnesium or magnesium alloy fused mass surface and is protected
Shield, then alloying, refine or cast are carried out to pure magnesium or magnesium alloy fused mass.
The addition of described carbon simple substance becomes with melting amount and protection melting area, typically not greater than pure magnesium or magnesium alloy
The 5% of total Melting Quality.
Described carbon simple substance is graphite powder or graphite block, and graphite powder particle diameter is the smaller the better, is generally less than 0.8 mm.And group
Graphite granule particle size range into graphite block is 0.1～2.0 mm.
Described heating is melted in crucible, and placing graphite lid on furnace charge, graphite cover are dimensioned slightly smaller than bath surface size.
Need to remove graphite cover before spilling carbon simple substance.
Described magnesium alloy is containing aluminum or without almag, preferably AZ91 magnesium alloys.
Powder body cheap and easy to get or block carbon simple substance are equably sprinkled upon or are placed on magnesium alloy fused mass surface by the present invention,
By completely cutting off the CO of air and generation2Gas, it is possible to achieve the protection to magnesium alloy fused mass.Using carbon simple substance material to magnesium and magnesium
When alloy melt carries out protection operation, it is not necessary to air mixing equipment and vaccum-pumping equipment, and protect medium carbon simple substance material inexpensive
It is easy to get, the guard method low cost, with obvious economic benefit；Carbon simple substance material graphite is in protection magnesium and magnesium alloy fused mass mistake
It is main in journey to produce CO2Gas, without Cl2、HCl、SO2Produce etc. harmful gass, and CO2The global warming potential of gas（GWP）
It is worth for 1, far below current conventional shielding gas SF6GWP value (24900), the guard method has important environment protection significance.This
Outward, carbon simple substance has refining effect to the magnesium alloy containing Al, is conducive to improving magnesium alloy mechanical property.Close with current magnesium and magnesium
Golden melting guard method is compared, and using carbon simple substance material as magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protection medium, can meet magnesium and magnesium alloy
Inexpensive, the low GWP of melting protection, produce without harmful gass, do not reduce the requirement such as magnesium and magnesium alloy mechanical property, with can not
The advantage of analogy, has a extensive future.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
（1）The present invention adopts graphite for protecting medium, the CO produced under smelting temperature2The GWP value of gas is 1.SF6It is most
Conventional protective gas, but, SF6Gas belongs to greenhouse gases, its global warming potential（GWP）It is 24900.Therefore,
The present invention compared with prior art, with minimum global warming potential, with important Significance for Environment.
（2）Gas protection method needs gas cylinder, air mixing equipment etc., and the present invention without the need for air mixing equipment, in technique and equipment,
The present invention makes magnesium alloy low production cost, with obvious economic benefit with simple to operate.
（3）As the present invention adopts graphite powder for protecting the chloride of medium, alkali metal-free and alkaline-earth metal, without harmful gas
Body is produced.Compared with flux method, the present invention has the advantages that flux protection method is simple to operate, protected effect is good, while overcoming
During flux use the problems such as the generation of harmful gass.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is protected effect of the graphite powder of the present invention to AZ91 magnesium alloy fused mass.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is elaborated below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1：Remelting AZ91 magnesium alloys：
Using crucible electrical resistance furnace remelting AZ91 magnesium alloys, AZ91 magnesium alloy ingots are cut into and is dimensioned slightly smaller than crucible internal diameter
Fritter AZ91 magnesium alloy ingots are put into crucible by fritter furnace charge, are then placed and are dimensioned slightly smaller than magnesium alloy fused mass surface size, thickness
For the graphite cover of 6 mm.680 DEG C are warming up to, after furnace charge is completely melt, graphite cover is removed, AZ91 magnesium are closed using R2 flux
Golden melt carries out refine, skims, and the graphite powder for accounting for the total melting amount of AZ91 magnesium alloys 0.3% is quickly and evenly sprinkled upon the conjunction of AZ91 magnesium
On golden bath surface, under graphite powder protection, 0.5h is incubated at 680 DEG C, takes out crucible, air cooling.Carbon simple substance graphite is to remelting
AZ91 magnesium alloys have excellent protected effect.Graphite powder is easily separated with AZ91 magnesium alloys, and graphite powder does not almost lose,
Skin covering of the surface continuous formation densification (see Fig. 1) of remelting AZ91 magnesium alloy ingots.
Embodiment 2：Melting AZ91 magnesium alloys：
Using crucible electrical resistance furnace melting AZ91 magnesium alloys.Pure magnesium ingot is cut into the fritter stove for being dimensioned slightly smaller than crucible internal diameter
Fritter pure Mg ingots are put into crucible by material, are then placed and are dimensioned slightly smaller than the graphite that magnesium alloy fused mass surface size, thickness are 6 mm
Lid.680 DEG C are warming up to, after furnace charge is completely melt, graphite cover is removed, refine are carried out to Serum Magnesium using R2 flux, is skimmed,
The graphite powder for accounting for the total melting amount of AZ91 magnesium alloys 1.0% is quickly and evenly sprinkled upon on Serum Magnesium surface, under graphite powder protection,
720 DEG C are warming up to, fine aluminium, pure zinc, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy is added, after the complete complete fusing of alloy element, magnesium alloy fused mass is stirred,
0.5h is incubated at 680 DEG C, takes out crucible, air cooling.Melting of the carbon simple substance graphite to AZ91 magnesium alloys has excellent protected effect.
Graphite powder is easily separated with AZ91 magnesium alloys, and graphite powder does not almost lose.The skin covering of the surface of the AZ91 magnesium alloy ingots for obtaining
Continuous formation is fine and close.
Embodiment 3：The pure magnesium of remelting：
Using the pure magnesium of crucible electrical resistance furnace remelting.Pure magnesium ingot is cut into the fritter furnace charge for being dimensioned slightly smaller than crucible internal diameter, will
Fritter pure magnesium ingot is put into crucible, then places and is dimensioned slightly smaller than the graphite cover that Serum Magnesium surface size, thickness are 6 mm.It is warming up to
680 DEG C, after furnace charge is completely melt, graphite cover is removed, refine is carried out to Serum Magnesium using R2 flux, is skimmed, pure magnesium will be accounted for
The graphite powder of total melting amount 3% is quickly and evenly sprinkled upon on pure Serum Magnesium surface, under graphite powder protection, is incubated at 680 DEG C
0.5h, takes out crucible, air cooling.Melting of the carbon simple substance graphite to pure magnesium has excellent protected effect.Graphite powder is easily divided with pure magnesium
From, and graphite powder almost do not lose.The pure magnesium ingot skin covering of the surface continuous formation for obtaining is fine and close.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of pure magnesium or protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy, is characterized in that, by pure magnesium or the heating fusing of magnesium alloy furnace charge, treat pure magnesium
Or after magnesium alloy furnace charge all melts, refine, skim, graphite powder is quickly and evenly sprinkled upon on pure magnesium or magnesium alloy fused mass surface
Protected, then alloying, refine or cast are carried out to pure magnesium or magnesium alloy fused mass；It is described that pure magnesium or magnesium alloy furnace charge are heated
What is melted concretely comprises the following steps：Using the pure magnesium of crucible electrical resistance furnace remelting or magnesium alloy, pure magnesium or magnesium alloy ingot are cut into into size summary
Less than the fritter furnace charge of crucible internal diameter, fritter pure magnesium ingot or magnesium alloy ingot are put into into crucible, then place and be dimensioned slightly smaller than pure magnesium
Or the graphite cover of magnesium alloy fused mass surface size, heat up after furnace charge is completely melt, remove graphite cover, the addition of the graphite powder
Amount is less than the 5% of pure magnesium or the total Melting Quality of magnesium alloy, and the graphite powder particle diameter is less than 0.8mm.
2. a kind of pure magnesium according to claim 1 or protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy, is characterized in that, described magnesium alloy is
Containing aluminum or without almag.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510119804.8A CN104762495B (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | Magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protective method |
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| CN201510119804.8A CN104762495B (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | Magnesium and magnesium alloy smelting protective method |
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| CN104762495A CN104762495A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN104762495B true CN104762495B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3500911B2 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2004-02-23 | スズキ株式会社 | Method for producing Mg-based composite material or Mg alloy-based composite material |
| CN1087787C (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2002-07-17 | 上海交通大学 | Fireproof cast magnesium alloy and its smelting and casting process |
| CN1132949C (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-12-31 | 龙思远 | Method for fire-resisting protection for smelting magnesium alloy |
| US6733566B1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-05-11 | Alcoa Inc. | Petroleum coke melt cover for aluminum and magnesium alloys |
| CN1540016A (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | 重庆大学 | Flame retardant casting magnesium alloy |
| CN1314819C (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2007-05-09 | 西北工业大学 | Magnesium alloy flame-proof additive and flame-proof magnesium alloy preparation method |
| CN101481758B (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2011-11-16 | 福州大学 | Method preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion |
| CN102094130A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Magnesium alloy smelting protecting gas and method |
| CN101928847B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-05-30 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Process for smelting magnesium alloy |
| CN102230094B (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-19 | 重庆大学 | Protective method for smelting of magnesium alloy |
| CN102220528A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2011-10-19 | 福州大学 | Protection method for preventing oxidation-combustion in smelting magnesium alloy |
| CN102251137B (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-01-09 | 中北大学 | Flux-free smelting method for AZ31 magnesium alloy |
| CN102517468B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-08-07 | 黑龙江科技学院 | Protective gas and protective method for smelting magnesium and magnesium alloy |
| CN103820648B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2016-08-17 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium alloy fused mass purification method |
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Effective date of registration: 20180326 Address after: 256100 Shiqiao village, Shiqiao Town, Yiyuan County, Zibo, Shandong Patentee after: Zibo Deyuan metal material Co. Ltd. Address before: 250014 Shandong Province, Lixia District, Ji'nan City Hospital Road, No. 19 Patentee before: Inst. of New Materials, Shandong Academy of Sciences |
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