CN104761485A - 一种新型的储氢材料及氢的解析方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/94—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0015—Organic compounds; Solutions thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
本发明属于材料能源领域,涉及到一种新型的有机储氢材料的结构以及氢的解析方法。该有机储氢材料中含有非常温和的氢负离子,在常温下加入酸,氢负离子与酸中的质子结合,然后释放氢气。通过质谱的方法对溶液进行检测,质谱图的变化反应了该释放过程。释放的气体点燃后可以使无水硫酸铜变蓝,证明为氢气。该有机材料相对便宜、易得、稳定,氢气释放条件温和、安全,在常温下、正常大气压下即可完成。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料能源领域,涉及到一种新型的有机储氢材料的结构以及氢的解析方法。该有机储氢材料中含有非常温和的氢负离子,在常温下加入酸即可以释放氢气。
背景技术
随着石化燃料消耗的逐渐增大以及储量的减少,人们生活的环境变得越来越恶劣,因此,环境友好且能再生的能源受到了越来越多的重视。氢由于燃烧后只有水,成为了最具潜力的能源。发展氢能,首先需要解决氢的存储问题。目前,固体吸附储氢是主要的储氢方法,例如碳纳米管储氢(Dillon A.C.,et al.,nature,1997,377.),但是该方法需要大的压力,并且脱氢也十分困难。另外一种是矿物储氢(Weitkamp J.,et al.,J.Hydrogen Energy,1995,967.),一般这种矿物多集中在石墨以及沸石等矿物上,与碳纳米管相比,这种储氢方法通量相对较低,脱氢的温度比较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型的有机储氢材料以及氢的解析方法。
(1)本发明提供的有机储氢材料的结构如下:
1.1对于材料a,与碳1直接连接的R1为苯环、吡咯、噻吩、吲哚或他们的衍生物,R2为芳基或烷基,R3为芳基或烷基。
1.2对于材料b,与碳1直接连接的R1为苯环、吡咯、噻吩、吲哚或他们的衍生物,R2为芳基或烷基,R3为芳基或烷基。
(2)氢的解析方法:在常温下,将此材料溶于有机溶剂,加入酸即可产生氢气。
2.1溶剂为有机溶剂,包括:①芳香烃类:苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;②脂肪烃类:戊烷、己烷、辛烷等;③脂环烃类:环己烷、环己酮、甲苯环己酮等;④卤化烃类:氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷等;⑤醇类:甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇等;⑥醚类:乙醚、环氧丙烷等;⑦酯类:醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯等;⑧酮类:丙酮、甲基丁酮、甲基异丁酮等;⑨二醇衍生物:乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚等;⑩其他:乙腈、吡啶、苯酚。
2.2用于释放氢气的酸为有机酸或无机酸,包括:甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、草酸、磺酸、氢卤酸、卤系含氧酸、硫酸等硫系无机酸、硝酸、亚硝酸、磷酸、焦磷酸、碳酸等。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.材料相对便宜、易得、稳定。
2.氢气释放条件温和、安全。
附图说明
图1是实例1加入酸前(a)后(b)质谱图;
图2是实例2加入酸前(a)后(b)质谱图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例详细地说明本发明。实施方案为便于更好的理解本发明,但并非对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
(1).有机储氢材料的合成
有机储氢材料如Xu等在Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2012,51,1059–1062.中描述的那样。具体结构如下的分子量为530的物质。
(2).氢气的解析
将材料溶入二氯甲烷中,加入等摩尔三氟乙酸后,材料中的氢负离子与酸中的质子结合产生氢气。用质谱检测该溶液,在加入酸之前,检测到的是常规的[M+H]+,[M+Na]+与[M+K]+离子,加入酸以后,只有[M-H]-离子,说明该材料中的氢负离子已经与质子结合(图1)。
实施例2:
(1).有机储氢材料的合成
有机储氢材料如Xu等在Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2012,51,1059–1062.中描述的那样。具体结构如下的分子量为528的物质。
(2).氢气的解析
将材料溶入二氯甲烷中,加入等摩尔乙酸后,材料中的氢负离子与酸中的质子结合产生氢气。用质谱检测该溶液,在加入酸之前,检测到的是常规的[M+H]+,[M+Na]+与[M+K]+加入酸以后,只有[M-H]-离子,说明该材料中的氢负离子已经与质子结合(图2)。释放的气体点燃后可以使无水硫酸铜变蓝,证明释放的气体为氢气。
Claims (2)
1.一种新型的有机储氢材料及氢的解析方法,其结构特征如下:
对于材料a,其特征在于与碳1直接连接的R1为苯环、吡咯、噻吩、吲哚或他们的衍生物,R2为芳基或烷基,R3为芳基或烷基;
对于材料b,其特征在于与碳1直接连接的R1为苯环、吡咯、噻吩、吲哚或他们的衍生物,R2为芳基或烷基,R3为芳基或烷基。
2.一种新型的有机储氢材料,氢的解析方法如下:在常温下,将此材料溶于有机溶剂,加入酸即可产生氢气。其特征在于有机溶剂的选择,包括:①芳香烃类:苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;②脂肪烃类:戊烷、己烷、辛烷等;③脂环烃类:环己烷、环己酮、甲苯环己酮等;④卤化烃类:氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷等;⑤醇类:甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇等;⑥醚类:乙醚、环氧丙烷等;⑦酯类:醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯等;⑧酮类:丙酮、甲基丁酮、甲基异丁酮等;⑨二醇衍生物:乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚等;⑩其他:乙腈、吡啶、苯酚。其特征在于酸的选择,包括:甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、草酸、磺酸、氢卤酸、卤系含氧酸、硫酸等硫系无机酸、硝酸、亚硝酸、磷酸、焦磷酸、碳酸等。
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