CN104760283A - 3D-printing method - Google Patents
3D-printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104760283A CN104760283A CN201510115438.9A CN201510115438A CN104760283A CN 104760283 A CN104760283 A CN 104760283A CN 201510115438 A CN201510115438 A CN 201510115438A CN 104760283 A CN104760283 A CN 104760283A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D-printing method which includes following steps: (a) performing electrostatic spinning to a high-molecular solution by an electrostatic spinning device to enable an electrostatic spinning product to move towards a printing substrate under the effect of electric field force so that the electrostatic spinning product can be deposited at a special position on the printing substrate according to a preset outline; (b) during the electrostatic spinning process (a), synchronously irradiating the special position on the printing substrate by laser, so that the electrostatic spinning product can be heated and molten before being deposited at the special position and can be deposited at the special position under a molten status; and (c) repeatedly doing the process (a) and the process (b) to repeatedly deposit a plurality layers of the electrostatic spinning product on the preset outline and finally forming a 3D high-molecular material object after the multilayer electrostatic spinning products laminated. The invention also discloses a relative object repairing method. The 3D-printing method is wide in available printing material range and is high in printing quality and printing fineness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D Method of printing.
Background technology
It is that successively build-up materials obtains a kind of manufacturing technology of product that 3D prints.Along with the development of 3D printing technique, various different manufacturing process is also developed gradually.In many materials, due to application widely, the 3D of macromolecular material prints and gets most of the attention.The 3D Method of printing of current macromolecular material has and melt extrudes shaping FDM, Stereo Lithography shaping SLA, laser selective sintering SLS etc.Above several manufacturing process all have higher requirements to the physical aspect of plastic material.FDM needs plastic material to be made fold thread and could use, and processing procedure is comparatively complicated; SLA is only defined in liquid photosensitive resin and is shaped, and material compatibility is narrow; SLS then needs plastic cement to make to have the Powdered of a performance requirement, and material price costly.In addition, above several manufacturing process is then comparatively difficult in the making of micro parts.
Electrostatic spinning is the method that one prepares micro-nano fiber, particle (comprising micron ball, nanosphere), its principle is flowed out by capillary at the macromolecular material of molten condition or the solution of macromolecular material, and high voltage electric field is applied between capillary and forming substrate, under the effect of electric field force, form jet from the solution of capillary outflow to move to forming substrate, solvent constantly volatilizees in this process, contraction of jet and solidification, will obtain particle, microballoon, fibrous electrostatic spinning product according to the difference of process conditions.Although occurred that some utilize electrostatic spinning technique to carry out the method for 3D printing, but how optimizing printing technique, expand the printed material scope of application, improve print quality and print fineness, is the problem that prior art needs to solve.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of 3D Method of printing, increases the printed material scope of application, improves print quality and prints fineness.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of 3D Method of printing, comprises the following steps:
A. utilize electrostatic spinning apparatus to carry out electrostatic spinning to Polymer Solution, electrostatic spinning product is moved to printed substrates under the effect of electric field force, deposits to the ad-hoc location in described printed substrates by predetermined profile;
B. in the process of step a electrostatic spinning, synchronously laser is irradiated to the described ad-hoc location in described printed substrates, made described electrostatic spinning product before described ad-hoc location deposition by heat fused, deposit on described ad-hoc location with molten condition;
C. electrostatic spinning product described in repeated deposition multilayer on described predetermined profile is repeated according to the mode of step a and b, the final macromolecular material product forming three-dimensional after multiple-layer stacked.
Further:
Further comprising the steps of before step a: the threedimensional model of product to be formed carries out discrete layering, obtain the profile information of multilayer, then the shower nozzle mobile route of electrostatic spinning apparatus is obtained according to the profile information of every one deck, with the described predetermined profile in determining step a and c.
The voltage range of electrostatic spinning is 1-50 kilovolt, described electrostatic spinning product from the shower nozzle of described electrostatic spinning apparatus be ejected into deposit to described printed substrates between the distance of process be no more than 50 centimetres.
The power of laser is 2-30 watt.
The thickness of deposition materials every layer is 0.01-0.5 millimeter.
Environment temperature during electrostatic spinning controls at 0-35 degree Celsius, and envionmental humidity controls at 5-50%.
Macromolecular material in described Polymer Solution is any one or more in PLA, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, nylon, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylonitrile, Merlon, polycaprolactone, polyglutamic acid, cellulose, polyimides, the solvent of Polymer Solution used is any one or more in water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, formic acid, dimethyl formamide, N, N-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), oxolane, acetone.
A kind of object restorative procedure, is repaired object defect by described 3D Method of printing.
The present invention proposes a kind of 3D Method of printing in conjunction with electrostatic spinning, laser technology, adopt Polymer Solution as material source, the particle jetting thing of macromolecular material is formed by electrostatic spinning technique, deposited in the substrate of 3D printing-forming by laser synchronization heat fused, and just define a part for 3D product after cooling.First can treat and make the threedimensional model of object and carry out ionization layering, obtain the cross section profile of every one deck, the shower nozzle controlling to include electrostatic spinning apparatus via computer moves deposition materials according to the profile of every layer, more successively accumulates and obtain three-dimensional product.The method material compatibility is wide, require low to the preparation of material, and the precision being applicable to micro parts makes, and multiple common macromolecular material can carry out 3D printing by the method, and print quality is high.The method manufactures except object except successively superposing from bottom, can also be extended to and carry out the functions such as in-situ immobilization to object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of embodiment of 3D Method of printing of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.It is emphasized that following explanation is only exemplary, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention and apply.
Consult Fig. 1, according to the 3D Method of printing of embodiment, first the threedimensional model of product to be formed can be carried out discrete layering, obtain the profile information of multilayer, then obtain the mobile route of the nozzle printing of electrostatic spinning apparatus according to the section of outline of every one deck.The profile information that layering prints also can provide (such as being provided by third party) by other means.Configure high molecular solution, in print procedure, utilize electrostatic spinning apparatus to carry out electrostatic spinning to Polymer Solution, obtain the product of polymeric particles shape (as irregular microballoon form).In print procedure, these granular electrostatic spinning products move to forming substrate under the effect of electric field force, substrate is melted by the LASER HEATING of synchronously irradiating to this position before ad-hoc location deposition, deposit on this position with molten condition, after cooling, form a part for macromolecule product., in print procedure, the shower nozzle of electrostatic spinning apparatus, according to being controlled to move and deposition materials according to the predetermined cross-sectional profile of every one deck by computer, is passing through successively to print and is superposing the three-dimensional macromolecular material product of rear final formation.
Preferably, the voltage range of electrostatic spinning is 1-50 kilovolt.Collect distance and electrostatic spinning product from shower nozzle be ejected into deposit to substrate between the distance of process be 0.1-50 centimetre.
The form of electrostatic spinning product is irregular particle, microballoon, nanosphere, particle with short fiber.The macromolecular material used is PLA, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, nylon, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylonitrile, Merlon, polycaprolactone, polyglutamic acid, cellulose, polyimides, and other can carry out the macromolecular material that electrostatic spinning obtains granular disintegration.The solvent of Polymer Solution used is water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, formic acid, dimethyl formamide, N, N-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), oxolane, acetone, and other can dissolve the solvent of above-mentioned macromolecular material.
Preferably, the power of laser is 2-30 watt.The thickness of layering is 0.01-0.5 millimeter.
Preferably, environment temperature during electrostatic spinning controls at 0-35 degree Celsius, and envionmental humidity controls at 5-50%.
In specific embodiment, first the threedimensional model of product to be formed can be carried out discrete layering, obtain the profile information of multilayer, every a layer thickness of discrete layering can be 0.01-0.5 millimeter.Then the mobile route of the nozzle printing of electrostatic spinning apparatus is obtained according to the section of outline of every one deck.The solution of the macromolecular materials such as configuration PLA, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, the electrostatic spinning apparatus that utilization can produce 0-50 kilovoltage carries out electrostatic spinning to Polymer Solution, obtains the product of polymeric particles shape (comprising microballoon).These granular electrostatic spinning products move to forming substrate under the effect of electric field force, to deposit in substrate the LASER HEATING fusing that the illuminated power to this position before ad-hoc location is 2-30 watt, deposit on this position with molten condition, after cooling, form a part for macromolecule product.Collect distance and electrostatic spinning product from shower nozzle be ejected into deposit to substrate between the distance controlling of process at 0.1-50 centimetre.It is important to note that the process of above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process and LASER HEATING fusing is synchronously carried out.Shower nozzle moves and deposition materials along the cross section profile of every one deck according to the program of computer settings in the above described manner, by successively printing and the final macromolecular material product forming three-dimensional after superpose.In addition, environmental factor comprises temperature and humidity and is formed with important influence all to the stability of electrostatic spinning process and electrostatic spinning product, therefore in 3D print procedure, needs holding temperature and moisture constant.Environment temperature in the present invention during electrostatic spinning controls at 0-35 degree Celsius, and envionmental humidity controls at 5-50%.When containing the poor solvent of volatility in Polymer Solution as N, when dinethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the numerical value that environment temperature during electrostatic spinning and envionmental humidity are all preferably lower, can adopt temperature control equipment and dehydrating unit to reach above-mentioned target; And collect the preferably larger numerical value of distance, the volatilization of solvent can be promoted like this, be conducive to the formation of graininess electrostatic spinning product.
Embodiment 1
3D Method of printing provided by the invention is adopted to manufacture the product of polystyrene PS.The polystyrene molecular weight used is 10000.Adopt DMF (DMF) as solvent, the solution being configured to percentage by weight 32% carries out electrostatic spinning.The voltage of high-voltage DC power supply is set to 30 kilovolts, and collecting distance is 15 centimetres, and environment temperature is set as 25 degrees Celsius, and envionmental humidity is set to 30%.Under above-mentioned optimum configurations, the product form of electrostatic spinning is microballoon, and the diameter of microballoon is in the scope of several to dozens of microns.Utilize computer to carry out ionization layering the threedimensional model of the product of required making, obtain the outline data of STL form.Lift height is set to 0.08 millimeter.These microspheric PS electrostatic spinning products move to forming substrate under the effect of electric field force, melted to the LASER HEATING that the power of this position is 8 watts by projection depositing in substrate before ad-hoc location, deposit on this position with molten condition, after cooling, form a part for PS product.Shower nozzle is with above-mentioned mode printed material, and movement completes the printing of every one deck under the control of the computer, finally obtains PS product by successively build-up materials.
Embodiment 2
3D Method of printing provided by the invention is adopted to manufacture the product of polymetylmethacrylate.The polystyrene molecular weight used is 100000.Adopt DMF (DMF) as solvent, the solution being configured to percentage by weight 11% carries out electrostatic spinning.The voltage of high-voltage DC power supply is set to 20 kilovolts, and collecting distance is 22 centimetres, and environment temperature is set as 22 degrees Celsius, and envionmental humidity is set to 30%.Under above-mentioned optimum configurations, the product form of electrostatic spinning is microballoon, and the diameter of microballoon is in the scope of several to dozens of microns.Lift height is set to 0.05 millimeter.Laser power is set to 7 watts.Shower nozzle under the control of the computer movement completes the printing of every one deck, and successively build-up materials finally obtains PMMA product.
Embodiment 3
Method provided by the invention is adopted to manufacture the product of nylon 6 (PA6) material.The molecular weight of the nylon 6 used is 20000.Adopt formic acid as solvent, be configured to percentage by weight be 6% solution carry out electrostatic spinning.The voltage of high-voltage DC power supply is set to 20 kilovolts, and collecting distance is 10 centimetres, and environment temperature is set as 20 degrees Celsius, and envionmental humidity is set to 35%.Under above-mentioned optimum configurations, the product form of electrostatic spinning is the particle with short fiber, and the diameter of particle is in the scope of several to dozens of microns, and the diameter of fiber is in the magnitude of tens nanometers.Lift height is set to 0.08 millimeter.Laser power is set to 10 watts.Shower nozzle successively prints build-up materials and obtains PMMA product.
Above content combines concrete/preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; its embodiment that can also describe these makes some substituting or modification, and these substitute or variant all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a 3D Method of printing, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. utilize electrostatic spinning apparatus to carry out electrostatic spinning to Polymer Solution, electrostatic spinning product is moved to printed substrates under the effect of electric field force, deposits to the ad-hoc location in described printed substrates by predetermined profile;
B. in the process of step a electrostatic spinning, synchronously laser is irradiated to the described ad-hoc location in described printed substrates, made described electrostatic spinning product before described ad-hoc location deposition by heat fused, deposit on described ad-hoc location with molten condition;
C. electrostatic spinning product described in repeated deposition multilayer on described predetermined profile is repeated according to the mode of step a and b, the final macromolecular material product forming three-dimensional after multiple-layer stacked.
2. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of before step a: the threedimensional model of product to be formed carries out discrete layering, obtain the profile information of multilayer, then the shower nozzle mobile route of electrostatic spinning apparatus is obtained according to the profile information of every one deck, with the described predetermined profile in determining step a and c.
3. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the voltage range of electrostatic spinning is 1-50 kilovolt, described electrostatic spinning product from the shower nozzle of described electrostatic spinning apparatus be ejected into deposit to described printed substrates between the distance of process be no more than 50 centimetres.
4. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the power of laser is 2-30 watt.
5. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thickness of deposition materials every layer is 0.01-0.5 millimeter.
6. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, environment temperature during electrostatic spinning controls at 0-35 degree Celsius, and envionmental humidity controls at 5-50%.
7. 3D Method of printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, macromolecular material in described Polymer Solution is any one or more in PLA, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, nylon, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylonitrile, Merlon, polycaprolactone, polyglutamic acid, cellulose, polyimides, the solvent of Polymer Solution used is any one or more in water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, formic acid, dimethyl formamide, N, N-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), oxolane, acetone.
8. an object restorative procedure, is characterized in that, is repaired object defect by 3D Method of printing described in any one of claim 1-7.
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| CN201510115438.9A CN104760283A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | 3D-printing method |
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| CN201510115438.9A CN104760283A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | 3D-printing method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106835303A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 西安科技大学 | The laser sintered metal 3D printing device and method being combined with electrospinning carbon fiber |
| CN106948014A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of three-dimensional melting electrostatic Method of printing of big height micro-nano structure |
| CN106985388A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-28 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of new material manufacturing equipment and new material manufacture device |
| CN107756594A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-06 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of fibre-reinforced more shower nozzle cement slurry 3D printers |
| CN110549597A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Electrostatic spinning curved yarn printing and application |
| CN113249874A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-13 | 广东工业大学 | Novel instant mask preparation method and device based on electrostatic spinning |
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| US6259962B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2001-07-10 | Objet Geometries Ltd. | Apparatus and method for three dimensional model printing |
| CN101837642A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-09-22 | 北京化工大学 | Method and device for rapid forming by combining electrostatic spinning technique |
| CN103407210A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-27 | 北京化工大学 | High-molecular biomimetic resistance-reducing surface and preparation device thereof |
| CN103612391A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-03-05 | 西安交通大学 | Three-dimensional (3D) printing method of micro-nano structure based on near-field electrostatic spinning |
| CN104099675A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-15 | 北京化工大学 | Electrostatic spinning device available for 3D (three-dimensional) printing |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US6259962B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2001-07-10 | Objet Geometries Ltd. | Apparatus and method for three dimensional model printing |
| CN101837642A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-09-22 | 北京化工大学 | Method and device for rapid forming by combining electrostatic spinning technique |
| CN103407210A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-27 | 北京化工大学 | High-molecular biomimetic resistance-reducing surface and preparation device thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106835303A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 西安科技大学 | The laser sintered metal 3D printing device and method being combined with electrospinning carbon fiber |
| CN106835303B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2022-06-21 | 西安科技大学 | Metal 3D printing device and method combining laser sintering and electrospinning of carbon fibers |
| CN106948014A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of three-dimensional melting electrostatic Method of printing of big height micro-nano structure |
| CN106985388A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-28 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of new material manufacturing equipment and new material manufacture device |
| CN107756594A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-06 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of fibre-reinforced more shower nozzle cement slurry 3D printers |
| CN110549597A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Electrostatic spinning curved yarn printing and application |
| CN113249874A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-13 | 广东工业大学 | Novel instant mask preparation method and device based on electrostatic spinning |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |