CN104754592A - Vehicle-mounted communication network clustering method applicable to urban road environment - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted communication network clustering method applicable to urban road environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104754592A CN104754592A CN201310752173.4A CN201310752173A CN104754592A CN 104754592 A CN104754592 A CN 104754592A CN 201310752173 A CN201310752173 A CN 201310752173A CN 104754592 A CN104754592 A CN 104754592A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
- H04W16/20—Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/32—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for defining a routing cluster membership
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Abstract
Disclosed is a vehicle-mounted communication network clustering method applicable to urban road environment. The vehicle-mounted communication network clustering method applicable to the urban road environment comprises performing clustering through a clustering timer by collecting the state of a traffic light through a roadside node and combining information containing vehicle identity and vehicle position, hereinafter referred to as heartbeat information, which is transmitted periodically by a vehicle-mounted node; selecting a cluster head in the middle of a cluster through the clustering timer and a cluster head timer and by combining cluster parameters with the heartbeat information; enabling the cluster head to performing cluster member configuration through the heartbeat information; enabling the cluster head to perform cluster maintenance through the heartbeat information between the cluster head and cluster members; enabling the cluster head to transmitting cluster maintenance information to the roadside node for cluster information feedback. Through the information periodically transmitted by a vehicle-mounted short-distance communication network and according to the characteristic that traffic flow distribution is closely related to the traffic light, the vehicle-mounted communication network clustering method applicable to the urban road environment achieves clustering and cluster head arranged through the timers and has the advantages of being simple and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle-mounted short-range communication technique, be specifically related to a kind of vehicle-mounted short distance communication network cluster-dividing method being applicable to urban road environment.
Background technology
Information interaction between vehicle and vehicle, between vehicle and other devices is one of critical function of car networking, and vehicle-mounted short haul connection (Vehicle to X, hereinafter referred to as V2X) technology is the basis of the information interaction realizing vehicle.V2X network relies on short-range communication technique to realize car and car and the communication between car and trackside node, realize the mutual of the various information of (vehicle-2-Infrastructure), people's car (Vehicle-2-Person) outside (CAN-Controll er Area Network), bus or train route (Vehicle-2-RSU), workshop (Vehicle-2-Vehicle), car in car, thus the comprehensive services such as safety, traffic administration and amusement are provided.
Because the vehicle-mounted node in V2X network is in fast moving, therefore V2X topology of networks changes at any time.At any one time, an arbitrary chain or half fully connected topology is connected to form by vehicle-mounted short range wireless channel between node.Network configuration can be divided into planar structure and hierarchy two kinds according to management mode.In planar structure, all nodes are equal, there is not bottleneck node, and network is more healthy and stronger.But it is poor that the inherent shortcoming of this pattern is autgmentability.Along with increasing of mobile node in network, there is the problems such as node processing power weakens, routing cost sharply increases, route is often interrupted, greatly reduced the performance of network.Introducing network cluster dividing is the effective means solved the problem.Network is divided into bunch, each bunch by a cluster head and multiple bunches of member compositions, cluster head forms high primary network station, and high primary network station sub-clustering can form higher primary network station again.Cluster head and bunch member's dynamic change in bunch, node is still automatic network-building, by data retransmission between responsible bunch of cluster head node.Bunch head and gateway form virtual backbone network, and the communication between bunch head and between bunch head from bunch member adopts different power, constitutes a kind of stagewise network architecture.Hierarchy can improve the extensibility of application, increases the network bandwidth, reduces the cost of route maintenance, facilitates the mobile management of network.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that at present conventional a few class cluster algorithms are applied in V2X network and at least there is following problem:
1), simple cluster algorithm.Simple cluster algorithm comprises minimum ID algorithm and maximum Connected degree algorithm.These two kinds of algorithms are all only classified according to certain single information in system, and the former is node ID, and the latter is node connectivity.This kind of algorithm computation complexity is little, and it is comparatively easy to realize, but the ability of this algorithm reply clustering architecture change is poor, is applicable to the semifixed occasions such as provisional meeting, is not too applicable to the V2X network of node fast moving.
2), based on the cluster algorithm of weights.Certain weight is distributed, the node weights obtained after weighted sum, as the standard of cluster-leader selected to many factors such as node connectivity, mobility and through-put powers.This algorithm is that communication overhead or computing cost are all higher, is not too applicable to the lower equipment of vehicle-mounted Joint Enterprise.
3), based on the cluster algorithm that link is stable.This kind of algorithm carries out the division of clustering architecture based on the stability of hop, reduces the reconstruct of sub-clustering, the overhead that the reconstruct to reduce bunch brings.Such as by fuzzy theory, cluster is carried out to signal strength signal intensity, is divided into weak, medium, strong 3 grades, choose as much as possible there is consistent link node as cluster head.This algorithm can show good characteristic in V2X network, but more complicated, each node is wanted mutual statistical signal strength signal intensity and is carried out mutual, is applicable to the occasion that the clustering architectures such as highway are more stable, is not too applicable to the occasion of urban road clustering architecture frequent variations.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of vehicle-mounted short distance communication network cluster-dividing method being applicable to urban road environment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of vehicle-mounted short distance communication network cluster-dividing method being applicable to urban road environment, it is characterized in that, it comprises:
By trackside node by collection signal lamp state, in conjunction with the information (hereinafter referred to as heartbeat message) comprising vehicles identifications, vehicle location that vehicle-mounted node regularly sends, a bunch mode for division timer is taked to carry out a bunch division;
By bunch division timer and bunch head timer, select bunch head in conjunction with bunch parameter and heartbeat message in bunch centre position;
Bunch head carries out bunch member's configuration by heartbeat message;
Bunch head is undertaken bunch safeguarding by the heartbeat message between bunch head and bunch member;
Bunch information safeguarded is sent to trackside node and carries out a bunch information feed back by bunch head.
Present invention utilizes the information that vehicle-mounted short distance communication network regularly sends, intensive according to urban road vehicle flowrate, vehicle flowrate distribution, with traffic lights feature in close relations, is taked the model split of timer bunch and arranges bunch head, having simple feature efficiently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is functional structure framework of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention application scenarios.
Embodiment
The feature of urban road is that crossing is intensive, and the change of vehicle flowrate has close relationship with signal lamp.In addition, the interval between crossing is shorter, and vehicle flowrate changed huge in one day, and the cluster algorithm that these features determine vehicle-mounted short distance (hereinafter referred to as the V2X) network of urban road will have simple and adaptive feature.
In addition, urban road is generally provided with the trackside node of V2X at crossing, and the general installation site of trackside node is near signal lamp, easily obtains the state of signal lamp.Make full use of this feature of urban road, the invention provides a kind of vehicle-mounted short distance communication network cluster-dividing method being applicable to urban road environment, its implementation procedure as shown in Figure 1, is divided into following process:
1), information.Information mainly collects the state of vehicle-mounted near nodal traffic lights, the information of the interim standing vehicle of the sub-clustering feedback information closing on crossing trackside node and crossing.
2), sub-clustering calculation of parameter.The calculation of parameter that according to the result of information, carry out sub-clustering calculation of parameter, comprise a bunch size dynamic conditioning, cluster head is distributed, bunch member's configuration etc. operates.
3), bunch division and cluster-leader selected.On the basis of sub-clustering calculation of parameter, the division to complete bunch and the option and installment of bunch head.
4), bunch member's configuration.The result that the vehicle-mounted nodal information collected according to information part and calculation of parameter obtain, distributes a bunch member, and sends a bunch head to.
5), bunch maintenance.In vehicle is advanced, because the travel direction of vehicle and position change and cause clustering architecture to change, to bunch to safeguard, to keep a bunch effectively job.
6), bunch information feed back.When a bunch head arrives next crossing, bunch performance information that this bunch is in operation by head is sent to trackside node, this information feed back is given the trackside node at a upper crossing by trackside node, and the trackside node at a upper crossing is according to feedack, and parameter is clustered in change.
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
If one section of urban road comprises crossing A, road between crossing B and A, B, as shown in Figure 2, crossing A and B is separately installed with traffic lights, and middle crossing does not have traffic lights.Definition V={n
i| i=1,2 ..., m} is the vehicle-mounted node set between crossing A and crossing B, wherein m=|V|.Definition V
c={ C
i| i=1,2 ..., k} is a bunch set, wherein k≤m.If definition ch
i∈ C
ifor a bunch C
icluster head, then this bunch of member can be expressed as C
i-{ ch
i.
Particularly, for the implementation procedure of foregoing invention embodiment, below concrete methods of realizing is described in detail.
1, information.
Information mainly collects the state information of trackside node surrounding traffic signal lamp, the information of the vehicle-mounted node that crossing is crossed during green light, the information that adjacent intersection trackside node is collected, for the calculating of follow-up cluster algorithm parameter provides input information.
Definition V
l={ L
i| i=1,2 ..., n} is the set of all signal lamps in crossing.I=1,2 ..., n represents each track of crossing all directions, n=direction * number of track-lines.Signal information is collected and can be used
Represent, whether tracer signal lamp is green light phase.
If signal lamp is not accurate to each track, take
Represent.Represent that this side signal lamp is red, but sides adjacent is green light, Some vehicles can sail the situation in this track, side into, and concrete numerical value can according to each intersection vehicle flux distribution situation dynamic conditioning.
The definition of 2, sub-clustering parameter and calculating
Sub-clustering parameter is mainly to the time parameter T of sub-clustering trigger
triggerthe adjustment of set.Trackside node according to the information along direction of traffic next adjacent intersection trackside node feeding back to T
triggerset adjusts.Defining sub-clustering trigger time adjustment parameter sets in the information of next adjacent intersection trackside node feeding back is Δ f
trigger={ Δ fr
i| i=1,2 ..., n}, trackside node clocked flip-flop set T
trigger={ tr
i| i=1,2 ..., n} represents, then have:
tr
i＝tr
i+Δfr
i
Each feedback cycle performs T
Δ tonce, parameter T
Δ tcan Δ fr
idynamic conditioning, as Δ fr
iduring increase, reduce parameter T
Δ t, to reach feedback equalization as early as possible.By above calculating, the optimum configurations of size to realize bunch, next trackside node are to the FEEDBACK CONTROL of bunch size.
Following parameter and bunch timing are relevant with bunch head timing, the selection for bunch division and cluster head:
Definition of T
g={ t
gi| i=1,2 ..., n} is each signal lamp green light timer set, T
r={ t
ri| i=1,2 ..., n} is each signal lamp red light timer set.
Definition bunch counter set C
c={ c
ci| i=1,2 ..., n}, the maximum of definition bunch counter is C
max.
Definition trackside node serial number is I
no, length is fixed, for identifying the unique number of trackside node.
Definition bunch numbering C
n={ c
ni| i=1,2 ..., n}, bunch numbering in each track equals c
ni=I
noaMP.AMp.Amp c
ci.
Definition trackside node cluster timer set T
c={ tr
c| i=1,2 ..., n}.When green light arrives the moment, start tr
ci=t-t
gi.When red light arrives the moment, tr
ci=t-t
ri.
Definition bunch head clocked flip-flop set T
ch={ tr
chi| i=1,2 ..., n}.
With the intermediate time of tracking cluster.
3, bunch division and cluster-leader selected
Of the present invention bunch of division divides in conjunction with traffic lights and each timer, and timer parameter carries out Reverse Turning Control by next node, so just can adapt to the magnitude of traffic flow of Different periods.
Bunch division in certain track and cluster head are determined by T
g, T
c, T
chgather to combine and control.
3.1, bunch division of green light moment and cluster head are determined to carry out as follows:
1) initialization: when the signal lamp in i-th track becomes green light, L
i1 is become from (non-1),
The following parameter of initialization:
t
Gi＝t，tr
ci＝0，tr
chi＝0；
2) timer tr is started
ci=t-t
gi.
3) bunch counter c
ci=c
ci+ 1, work as c
ci> C
max, perform and return operation, set c
ci=0;
4)tr
ci＝t-t
Gi
5) tr is worked as
ci> tr
itime, t
gi=t, tr
chi=0, return step 3);
6) to the vehicle broadcast bunch numbering c through this track
ni=I
noaMP.AMp.Amp c
ci, bunch numbering of each this car of vehicle registration;
7) timer is worked as
return step 6);
8) timer is worked as
and tr
chiwhen=0, trackside node starts to send cluster head to the vehicle of process and arranges claim frame ClusterHeadRequest, receives acknowledgement frame ClusterHeadAccept, return step 8 if do not receive); After receiving reception acknowledgement frame, trackside node sends cluster head to this vehicle and arranges frame, ClusterHeadSet.If receive the reception acknowledgement frame of multiple vehicle, trackside node sends cluster head to nearest vehicle vehicle and arranges frame;
9) tr
chi=t, stops sending cluster head and arranges claim frame;
10) L is worked as
iwhen becoming non-1, turn red light moment bunch division and cluster head 3.2 part.
3.2, bunch division of red light moment and cluster head are determined to carry out as follows:
1) initialization: when the signal lamp in i-th track becomes red light, L
ibecome (non-1) from 1,
2) the following parameter of initialization:
t
Gi＝t，tr
ci＝0，tr
chi＝0；
3) timer tr is started
ci=t-t
gi.
4) bunch counter c
ci=c
ci+ 1, work as c
ci> C
max, perform and return operation, set c
ci=0;
5)tr
ci＝t-t
Gi
6) tr is worked as
ci> (tr
i* L
i) time, t
gi=t, tr
chi=0, return step 3);
7) to the vehicle broadcast bunch numbering c through this track
ni=I
noaMP.AMp.Amp c
ci, bunch numbering of each this car of vehicle registration;
8) timer is worked as
return step 6);
9) timer is worked as
and tr
chiwhen=0, trackside node starts to send cluster head to the vehicle of process and arranges claim frame ClusterHeadRequest, receives acknowledgement frame ClusterHeadAccept, return step 8 if do not receive); After receiving reception acknowledgement frame, trackside node sends cluster head to this vehicle and arranges frame, ClusterHeadSet.If receive the reception acknowledgement frame of multiple vehicle, trackside node sends cluster head to nearest vehicle vehicle and arranges frame;
10) tr
chi=t, stops sending cluster head and arranges claim frame;
11) L is worked as
iwhen becoming 1, turn green light moment bunch division and cluster head determining section 3.2.
4, bunch member's configuration
Owing to wanting periodic broadcasting heartbeat message between the vehicle-mounted node in V2X network, the present embodiment utilizes heartbeat message to realize the configuration of bunch member.Definition bunch c
nimember set V
cn={ v
cni| i=1,2 ..., m}, v
cnfor the unique number of vehicle-mounted node.In the broadcast message that each vehicle-mounted node sends, be included in the cluster name distributed in cluster algorithm and claim c
ni=I
noaMP.AMp.Amp c
ci, leader cluster node, by receiving the heartbeat message of vehicle-mounted node around, completes the configuration of bunch member:
Definition leader cluster node bunch be numbered c
nh, for vehicle-mounted node i, if:
and c
ni=c
nh, then:
V
Cn＝V
Cn∪{v
cni}
5, bunch maintenance
Bunch safeguard that mainly occurring in one group of vehicle advances to the next one and be provided with in the way of trackside node, has following situation to occur: 1) to have new vehicle to sail in this bunch; 2) vehicle bunch sails out of this bunch; 3) a bunch head sails out of this bunch; 4) bunch merging; 5) bunch segmentation.The generation of above situation, can affect the change of bunch member, needs bunch to safeguard.Due in V2X network, each vehicle-mounted node regularly sends heartbeat message, the maintenance that the present embodiment utilizes heartbeat message to complete bunch.
1) new car adds: when during new vehicle j sails into bunch, and bunch head monitors its bunch of numbering, if meet by receiving its heartbeat message
and (| c
nj-c
nh| > 2or c
nj=null), then:
V
Cn＝V
Cn∪{v
cnj}
2) vehicle sails out of: bunch head does not receive the heartbeat message of the i-th vehicle-mounted node in continuous N (can arrange according to systematic function) in the individual cycle, performs following operation:
V
Cn＝V
Cn-{v
cni}
3) bunch head sails out of: when bunch in node N continuous (can arrange according to systematic function) individual heart beat cycle do not receive the heartbeat message of bunch head time, owing to including the geographical location information of cluster node in heartbeat message, through geographical position computing, new bunch head is become by the vehicle-mounted node in bunch centre position, and perform bunch configuration operation, carry out a bunch attended operation subsequently.
4) bunch merge: when bunch head can receive the information of bunch head of follow-up more than 2 bunch, between bunch, mutual interference ratio is comparatively large, the union operation of needs bunch.Bunch to merge and perform following operation by two bunches of heads:
V
Cn＝V
Cn∪V
Cn+1
Complete.
5) bunch segmentation.When bunch head judges along vehicle direct of travel according to the heartbeat message of bunch member, bunch the distance foremost and between the vehicle-mounted node of rearmost end exceed the ultimate range L of default
maxafter, bunch head is specifying the node in the centre position of two parts to be new bunch head along the forward part of direct of travel and rear section respectively according to the position of heartbeat message, complete a bunch configuration, and a bunch numbering is respectively former bunch of numbering and adds son numbering-1 and-2 composition.
6, bunch information feed back
When bunch head is through next trackside node, bunch to merge if bunch to perform betwixt, then trackside node is by bunch size feedback information Δ fr
iincrease Δ τ, and by Δ fr
ifeed back to the previous trackside node along direction of traffic, make previous trackside node increase bunch size.On the contrary, if bunch performed a bunch cutting operation, then trackside node was by bunch size feedback information Δ fr
ireduce Δ τ, and by Δ fr
ifeed back to the previous trackside node along direction of traffic, make previous trackside node reduce bunch size.By feedback, the size of dynamic conditioning bunch, adapts to the magnitude of traffic flow of Different periods.
The embodiment of the present invention is according to relay node services data genaration multicast tree and adopt the mode of Delamination Transmission, both ensure that in cellular cell, whole user can obtain basic multicast services in time, in turn ensure that the service quality of user within the scope of relay node services, for the user within the scope of relay node services provides better service, thus effectively improve performance and the capacity of multicast service in wireless cellular network cellular cell.
The present invention is according to the feature of V2X network and road, traffic signals, the sub-clustering of vehicle-mounted node is carried out by trackside node, because the change of vehicle-mounted node cluster mainly occurs in crossing, and trackside node is generally also arranged on crossing, therefore, the present invention has the advantage of algorithm simple and fast, and be particularly suitable for urban road vehicle flowrate large, wagon flow changes application scenarios frequently.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
Claims (7)
1. be applicable to a vehicle-mounted short distance communication network cluster-dividing method for urban road environment, it is characterized in that, comprise,
By trackside node by collection signal lamp state, in conjunction with the information (hereinafter referred to as heartbeat message) comprising vehicles identifications, vehicle location that vehicle-mounted node regularly sends, a bunch mode for division timer is taked to carry out a bunch division;
By bunch division timer and bunch head timer, select bunch head in conjunction with bunch parameter and heartbeat message in bunch centre position;
Bunch head carries out bunch member's configuration by heartbeat message;
Bunch head is undertaken bunch safeguarding by the heartbeat message between bunch head and bunch member;
Bunch information safeguarded is sent to trackside node and carries out a bunch information feed back by bunch head.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the timer of described bunch of division Road side gusset employing is subject to the control of bunch parameter, and bunch parameter is by the control of adjacent intersection trackside node feeding back information.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, a bunch division adopts a bunch mode for numbering, bunch numbering adopts trackside node serial number to add the mode of counter, counter reaches automatic clear after maximum, and same cocooning tool has same bunch numbering, and is broadcasted by heartbeat message.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, bunch head carries out the configuration of this bunch of member by heartbeat message, obtains this cluster node member set.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, do not receive the heartbeat message of certain bunch of member at some cycles after, this node is deleted by bunch head in bunch set, monitoring a non-bunch member node by heartbeat message sails within the scope of this bunch, performs the operation that bunch member adds.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size that bunch head to be judged bunch by heartbeat message, the merging to carry out bunch and cutting operation.
7. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, bunch head is by sending to the next trackside node along direction of traffic by bunch size conciliation operation carried out between adjacent trackside node, then previous trackside node is given by this trackside node-node transmission, and according to this information adjustment bunch parameter, realize bunch dynamic division, with adapt to different traffic slot vehicle flowrate change.
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