CN104749317B - A kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition - Google Patents
A kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and the flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition, compared with prior art solve the defect that there is no and be applicable to the pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion characteristic research experimental provision.The present invention includes reaction casing, reaction chamber side portion is movably installed with experiment chamber door, experiment chamber door is provided with view window, reaction bottom half has air admission hole, admission line to be connected on air admission hole and admission line to be positioned at reaction chamber external, reaction casing is provided with venthole, radiation source binding post and aviation plug, venthole is provided with pressure transducer, also comprises air intake assembly, goes out pneumatic module and radiation source assembly.The present invention not only has the fire-fighting research experiment function of conventional low voltage experimental box, also can be used for nonflame pyrolysis and the flaming combustion characteristic test research of solid combustible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pyrolysis of solid combustible nonflame and flaming combustion characteristic research technical field in fire, specifically a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of Chinese national economy, great malignant fire and explosion accident frequently occur, and directly jeopardize the life of the people, property, cause environmental pollution, cause disruption of ecological balance.Reduce the harm to human being's production, life and resource environment of fire and Related Disasters thereof, become one of significant problem in the urgent need to address.An emphasis in Fire Science research is the research to solid combustible combustion characteristics, because the periphery of life has a lot of solid combustible, has certain fire risk.The proportion that in building, forest, solid combustible accounts for is very large, and industrial solid combustible also has certain proportion.In a fire, these solid combustibles can be incendiary sources, also can become main combustible.Research find, in fire solid combustible pyrolysis and burning time can there is metamorphosis, such as: wood materials burning time charing phenomenon, and the polycondensation of its charring layer, cracking phenomena; Melting drip phenomenon etc. when polystyrene (XPS) burns.The metamorphosis occurred in these combustion processes, to solid combustible catch fire and there is significant impact in fire spread behavior.
In an experiment, the solid combustible nonflame pyrolysis under different pressures and gas concentration and flaming combustion process can be utilized, eliminate the impact of flame or slow down substance combustion reaction velocity, and then obtaining some data that can be used for explaining metamorphosis mechanism when analysing solid combustible pyrolysis and burning.Also can by changing substance reaction time the pressure of environment and these two physical parameters of oxygen concentration, investigate pressure and oxygen concentration to the impact of course of reaction.Both can contrast the pyrolysis of solid combustible nonflame and the flaming combustion of normal pressure, often oxygen concentration, obtain series of experiments conclusion, also can launch fire research according to the specific air pressure of concrete area surroundings and oxygen concentration.
Current existing experimental box can not meet the demand of the pyrolysis of solid combustible nonflame and flaming combustion experiment, cannot respond the change of experimental situation pressure fast, can not provide stable environment under low pressure, uniform radiant heat source and suitable illuminating effect.As the patent document (documents 1) of number of patent application 201010261671.5, disclose a kind of simulated experiment case, by the change of pressure in pressure transducer, gas admittance valve (manually), vacuum pump control box, but mainly there is following problem in it:
1, nitrogen oxygen hybird environment cannot be provided, and can not atmospheric condition be changed
The nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment of solid combustible needs to carry out in stable inert environments, when avoiding solid combustible pyrolysis and oxygen reaction produce flame, thus larger error is caused to nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment result.And in documents 1, tonifying Qi gas admittance valve directly communicates with the external world, nitrogen oxygen cannot be provided to mix or pure nitrogen environment, and nitrogen oxygen mixing ratio, change atmospheric condition can not be changed.
2, the design Shortcomings part of vacuum pump
In documents 1, vacuum pump is integrated in bottom reaction chamber, vacuum pump normally works and has electromagnetic interference (EMI) to the collection of experimental data, must close vacuum pump and just can collect experimental data.After reaching experiment set pressure, need to close vacuum pump and test, and after closing vacuum pump, just can not keep the mobile equilibrium of pressure in case.
3, stable radiation source is not equipped with
In documents 1, adopt the design of ignition, be difficult to the stable radiant heat flux that nonflame pyrolysis and flaming combustion needs are provided, the requirement of the pyrolysis of solid combustible nonflame and flaming combustion experiment can not be met.And ignition is irremovable, and be difficult to ensure that laboratory sample is the response data under same hot-fluid in experimentation.
For another example number of patent application 201310645998.6, disclose a kind of low-pressure plane cargo space fire experiment simulation device, for the liquid oils Pool fire in the fire of simulated aircraft cabin, experimental box environment simulated aircraft indoor environment, limits the usable range of experimental provision.Range of regulation is all at more than 30kPa, and the pressure limit of research is narrower, and cannot relate to the situation of limit low pressure, limits nonflame pyrolysis and the flaming combustion research of solid combustible under different pressures.In addition, aircraft hold casing is excessive, make status (air pressure, oxygen concentration etc.) near the environmental monitoring sites in case and sample inconsistent, and pressure near sample and oxygen concentration affect the key factor of experiment just, also be the nonflame pyrolysis of solid combustible and the important control variable of flaming combustion experiment, therefore cannot be suitable for.
For another example number of patent application 201410209817.X discloses a kind of burner for the soot characteristic research under environment under low pressure, for the research of liquid liquid pool fire soot characteristic, in experimental box, design is only applicable to the research of liquid liquid pool fire soot characteristic, limits the usable range of experimental provision.Range of regulation is all at more than 30kPa, and the pressure limit of research is narrower, cannot relate to the situation of limit low pressure equally, limits nonflame pyrolysis and the flaming combustion research of solid combustible under different pressures.
For another example number of patent application is the patent document of 201310752345.8, also the fire test case that a kind of step-down air pressure becomes oxygen concentration is disclosed, range of regulation is the pressure limit of 26.4kPa ~ 101.3kPa, limits nonflame pyrolysis and the flaming combustion research of solid combustible under different pressures.In addition, owing to lacking frequency conversion vacuum pump (or variable valve and vacuum pump), the modification stability of its pressure is to be improved, pressure control cannot be continued after experiment also may be caused to start, and need termination of pumping work, and its casing is excessive, status (air pressure, oxygen concentration etc.) near the environmental monitoring sites in case and sample may be made inconsistent.
The experimental provision how developing a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion characteristic research that change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition has become the technical matters being badly in need of solving.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve in prior art the defect that there is no and be applicable to the pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion characteristic research experimental provision, provide a kind of can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition the pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box solve the problems referred to above.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition, comprise reaction casing, reaction chamber side portion is movably installed with experiment chamber door, experiment chamber door is provided with view window, reaction bottom half has air admission hole, admission line to be connected on air admission hole and admission line to be positioned at reaction chamber external, reaction casing is provided with venthole, radiation source binding post and aviation plug, venthole is provided with pressure transducer
Also comprise air intake assembly, go out pneumatic module and radiation source assembly, air intake assembly comprises nitrogen cylinder, and nitrogen cylinder is connected to nitrogen inlet duct road by reduction valve, and admission line is introduced in nitrogen inlet duct road; Go out pneumatic module and comprise the outlet pipe be arranged on venthole, outlet pipe access smoke filtration integral box, pick out vacuum pump admission line in smoke filtration integral box, vacuum pump admission line is connected into vacuum pump, and vacuum pump connects vacuum pump outlet pipe;
Radiation source assembly comprises the guide rail platform be fixedly mounted in reaction casing, radiation source fixed head is arranged on guide rail platform forms with guide rail platform and is slidably matched, dull and stereotyped infrared origin is arranged on the below of radiation source fixed head, radiation source fixed head is provided with square opening, and the wire of dull and stereotyped infrared origin is connected with radiation source binding post through square opening;
The right-hand member of guide rail platform is separately installed with roller arm and platform, the middle part of roller arm is provided with wireline pulley, the right side of radiation source fixed head is provided with steel wire, the other end of steel wire is provided with weight, steel wire is around on wireline pulley, platform is separately installed with cleek fixed block and riser, riser is provided with Electromagnetic bolt, the power control line of Electromagnetic bolt is connected with aviation plug, steel wire cleek is " L " shape, the root of steel wire cleek is arranged on to form on cleek fixed block and with cleek fixed block and is rotatably assorted, on one end bolt of link steel wire below wireline pulley, the other end of link hangs over the lower end of steel wire cleek, the upper end of steel wire cleek is against on Electromagnetic bolt under the lower pulling force effect of link, and when Electromagnetic bolt is in contraction state, link comes off mutually with steel wire cleek.
Also comprise the specimen holder be placed in reaction casing, specimen holder is placed with electronic balance, electronic balance is placed with sample carrier, laboratory sample to be positioned on sample carrier and to be positioned at 30mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin.
Also comprise the flaming combustion specimen holder be placed in reaction casing, flaming combustion specimen holder is placed with laboratory sample pallet, laboratory sample pallet is provided with laboratory sample folder, and laboratory sample accompanies XPS laboratory sample on pressing from both sides and XPS laboratory sample is positioned at 10mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin.
Described nitrogen inlet duct road is provided with nitrogen solenoid valve, and the inlet end place of admission line is provided with air inlet ball valve, and outlet pipe is provided with variable valve.
On described experiment chamber door, the one side of orientating reaction box house is provided with LED and pastes lamp, and LED pastes lamp and is positioned at by view window; Bottom in reaction casing is provided with LED.
The described long 1m of reaction casing, wide 0.6m, high 1m.
The left side of described radiation source fixed head and the left side of guide rail platform are provided with flexible rope.
beneficial effect
A kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition of the present invention, compared with prior art not only there is the fire-fighting research experiment function of conventional low voltage experimental box, also can be used for nonflame pyrolysis and the flaming combustion characteristic test research of solid combustible.Particularly, for flaming combustion attribute testing, as XPS fire spread under low pressure and the experiment of thermogravimetric specificity analysis thereof, the research of external wall outer insulation material fire hazard characteristic can be realized; For nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment, as fiberboard draw phenomenon under normal pressure, low pressure, ultralow pressure (2kPa ~ 10kPa) and the research of pyrolytic reaction mechanism experiment thereof, the research to solid combustible combustion mechanism, process, development can be realized.
The present invention adopts vacuum pump and variable valve coordinated signals, more stably automatic pressure regulation.Relative to simple vacuum pump, ability to work is more stable.Relative to variable frequency pump, when ability to work is identical, cost is lower.And the design of pump is away from reaction casing, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) produced in the vacuum pump course of work, error and impact can not be caused on the image data in reaction casing.By the selection of suitable size casing, near the environment in guard box and sample, status (air pressure, oxygen concentration etc.) reaches unanimity substantially.By adopting the design of dull and stereotyped infrared origin, radiant heat flux is stable, evenly, and can move the needs of experimentally process, ensure that and can record the response data of laboratory sample under same radiant heat flux.By the design adopting LED to paste lamp and LED, partly can remove smoke on the impact of visibility, improve the visibility of box house.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation reacting casing in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air intake assembly in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation going out pneumatic module in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of experimental box control device in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of radiation source assembly in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of flaming combustion experiment in the present invention;
Wherein, 1-reacts casing, 2-tests chamber door, 3-view window, 4-LED SMD lamp, the dull and stereotyped infrared origin of 5-, 6-LED lamp, 7-air admission hole, 8-venthole, 9-radiation source binding post, 10-aviation plug, 21-admission line, 22-air inlet ball valve, 23-nitrogen solenoid valve, 24-nitrogen inlet duct road, 25-reduction valve, 26-nitrogen cylinder, 31-outlet pipe, 32-variable valve, 33-smoke filtration integral box, 34-vacuum pump admission line, 35-vacuum pump, 36 vacuum pump outlet pipes, 41-control system integration case, 42-touch screen type Distributed Control System (DCS) panel, 51-laboratory sample, 52-sample carrier, 53-electronic balance, 54-nonflame pyrolysis specimen holder, 61-XPS laboratory sample, 62-laboratory sample pallet, 63-laboratory sample presss from both sides, 64-flaming combustion specimen holder, 72-radiation source fixed head, 73-pulley screw, 74-radiation source screw, 75-guide rail platform, 76-radiation source mobile pulley, the flexible rope of 77-, 78-steel wire, 79-wireline pulley, 710-roller arm, 711-steel wire cleek, 712-riser, 713-Electromagnetic bolt, 714-weight, 715-square opening, 716-wire, 717-platform screw, 718-link, 719-cleek fixed block, 720-platform.
Embodiment
For making to have a better understanding and awareness architectural feature of the present invention and effect of reaching, coordinating detailed description in order to preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing, being described as follows:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition of the present invention, comprise reaction casing 1, reaction casing 1 sidepiece is movably installed with experiment chamber door 2, experiment chamber door 2 is arranged on reaction casing 1 by hinge, realizes the environment of a sealing when testing chamber door 2 and closing.Experiment chamber door 2 is provided with view window 3, and the length of view window 3 is 30cm, and wide is 30cm, the Real Time Observation to laboratory sample when can realize testing.Have air admission hole 7 bottom reaction casing 1, admission line 21 is connected on air admission hole 7 and admission line 21 is positioned at outside reaction casing 1, by admission line 21 to make-up gas in reaction casing 1.Reaction casing 1 is provided with venthole 8, radiation source binding post 9 and aviation plug 10, radiation source binding post 9 and aviation plug 10 are in prior art and widely use technology, radiation source binding post 9 external power supply, under the prerequisite not affecting reaction casing 1 sealing, achieve the power supply to dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5; The external process acquisition system of aviation plug 10, under the prerequisite not affecting reaction casing 1 sealing, achieves the function that reaction casing 1 internal signal and data are externally transmitted.Venthole 8 is provided with pressure transducer, with the outside discharge of venthole 8 realization response casing 1 internal gas of pressure transducer, provides gas discharge channel, additionally provide the data acquisition function of pressure in reaction casing 1.
The nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment of solid combustible needs to carry out in stable inert environments, when avoiding solid combustible pyrolysis and oxygen reaction produce flame, thus larger error is caused to nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment result, therefore require to provide stable inert atmosphere conditions.As shown in Figure 3, air intake assembly comprises nitrogen cylinder 26, nitrogen cylinder 26 for concentration be the nitrogen cylinder of 99.999% high pure nitrogen.Nitrogen cylinder 26 is connected to nitrogen inlet duct road 24 by reduction valve 25, nitrogen inlet duct road 24 realizes high pure nitrogen and transfers to admission line 21 from nitrogen cylinder 26, reduction valve 25 realize nitrogen from nitrogen cylinder out after preliminary pressure regulation, the pressure of nitrogen changes to low pressure from high pressure.Admission line 21 is introduced in nitrogen inlet duct road 24, and admission line 21 is admission lines of reaction casing 1, is introduced in nitrogen inlet duct road 24 to realize air and nitrogen and be filled with reaction casing 1.Simultaneously in order to test needs, nitrogen solenoid valve 23 can be installed in nitrogen inlet duct road 24, the flow of nitrogen air inlet can be control by nitrogen solenoid valve 23, realize controlling fast, regulate nitrogen content in real time.The inlet end place of admission line 21 can be provided with air inlet ball valve 22, air inlet ball valve 22 controls the charge of air in admission line 21, if closed by air inlet ball valve 22, nitrogen solenoid valve 23 opens, being then filled with in reaction casing 1 in admission line 21 is pure nitrogen gas, meets nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment needs.
As shown in Figure 4, go out pneumatic module and comprise the outlet pipe 31 be arranged on venthole 8, outlet pipe 31 provides the passage that in reaction casing 1, gas outwards transports.Outlet pipe 31 accesses smoke filtration integral box 33, vacuum pump admission line 34 is picked out in smoke filtration integral box 33, smoke filtration integral box 33 is conventional water-cooling system and flue gas particle filtering system composition, in order to the convenience of movement, is integrated in inside a chest.Because reaction casing 1 can produce a large amount of high-temperature flue gas in experimentation, smoke filtration integral box 33 can cool the flue gas that reaction casing 1 exports and filter, and extends the serviceable life of vacuum pump.Vacuum pump admission line 34 is connected into vacuum pump 35, vacuum pump 35 connects vacuum pump outlet pipe 36, flue gas after cooling, filtration treatment is transferred to vacuum pump 35 by vacuum pump draft tube 34, vacuum pump 35 achieves the air extracting function to reaction casing 1, be the power resources reducing reaction casing 1 internal pressure, vacuum pump 35 gas is out discharged to outdoor passage by vacuum pump outlet pipe 36.Find in actual applications, the design of vacuum pump position is most important, if vacuum pump design box house or near time, have 2 impacts to experiment: when 1, vacuum pump normally works, larger vibration can be produced, larger to the stability influence of casing; 2, vacuum pump normally works and has electromagnetic interference (EMI) to the collection of experimental data, must close vacuum pump and just can collect experimental data, and after closing vacuum pump, just can not keep the mobile equilibrium of pressure in case.In the present invention; to be separated by smoke filtration integral box 33 between vacuum pump 35 and reaction casing 1; vacuum pump 35 is apart from each other with reaction casing 1, the protection of vacuum pump 35 continuous firing is pressure balanced while, also can not cause electromagnetic interference (EMI) to reaction casing 1 collecting device.Outlet pipe 31 can also be provided with variable valve 32, variable valve 32 can according to the force value of the venthole 8 with pressure transducer, adjust the aperture size of feed channel 31, control the flow of experimental box air-out apparatus, the mobile equilibrium of the automatic control of pressure in realization response casing 1, fast response pressure change, pressure.
As shown in Figure 6, radiation source assembly comprises the guide rail platform 75 be fixedly mounted in reaction casing 1, and guide rail platform 75 is fixedly mounted in the middle part of reaction casing 1 by platform screw 717.Radiation source fixed head 72 is arranged on guide rail platform 75 forms with guide rail platform 75 and is slidably matched, radiation source fixed head 72 can in the enterprising line slip of the track of guide rail platform 75, it forms the mode be slidably matched can use various ways of the prior art, as installed radiation source mobile pulley 76 by pulley screw 73 on radiation source fixed head 72, every bar track carries out the mounting design of two radiation source mobile pulleys 76, radiation source mobile pulley 76 is stuck on the track of guide rail platform 75, the slip of radiation source fixed head 72 on guide rail platform 75 track is realized by radiation source mobile pulley 76.Dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is arranged on the below of radiation source fixed head 72 by radiation source screw 74, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 can the nonflame pyrolysis of solid combustible and the difference of flaming combustion under more different radiant heat flux, meets the requirement that radiation source is stablized in experimental box configuration.The Infrared panel radiation source that dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 can be produced for OMEGA company, through linear temperature increase after a while, after reaching the radiation power of setting, stably can provide heat radiation.Radiation source fixed head 72 is provided with square opening 715, and the wire 716 of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is connected with radiation source binding post 9 through square opening 715, by the externally fed of radiation source binding post 9, realizes the linear temperature increase of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5.
The radiation source adopted in experiment, needs the linear temperature increase through after a while, just can reach the radiation power of setting.In order to ensure that laboratory sample reacts under same radiant heat flux, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 does not have above sample at the beginning, after reaching the radiation power of setting, just dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 can be moved to above sample.Therefore dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 needs to have removable function, and through linear temperature increase after a while, after reaching the radiation power of setting, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 moves to above sample.For this reason, be separately installed with roller arm 710 and platform 720 at the right-hand member of guide rail platform 75,720, platform is the one block of plate being directly welded on plane on guide rail platform 75 right-hand member.The middle part of roller arm 710 is provided with wireline pulley 79, and wireline pulley 79 can be arranged on the middle part of roller arm 710 by pulley base or miscellaneous part.The right side of radiation source fixed head 72 is provided with steel wire 78, the other end of steel wire 78 is provided with weight 714, steel wire 78 is around on wireline pulley 79, by the combination of steel wire 78 and wireline pulley 79, make radiation source fixed head 72 can be mobile toward the right (wireline pulley 79 place) under the lower pulling force effect of weight 714.Platform 720 is separately installed with cleek fixed block 719 and riser 712, riser 712 is directly welded on platform 720, riser 712 is provided with Electromagnetic bolt 713, the power control line of Electromagnetic bolt 713 is connected with aviation plug 10, and Electromagnetic bolt 713 latch under Energy control does and shrinks and eject motion.Steel wire cleek 711 is " L " shape, the root of steel wire cleek 711 is arranged on to form on cleek fixed block 719 and with cleek fixed block 719 and is rotatably assorted, the mode that the root of same steel wire cleek 711 and cleek fixed block 719 are rotatably assorted can use of the prior art multiple, such as, be connected on cleek fixed block 719 by the root pin of steel wire cleek 711.On one end bolt of link 718 steel wire 78 below wireline pulley 79, the other end of link 718 hangs over the lower end of steel wire cleek 711, and weight 714 produces downward acting force by link 718 pairs of steel wire cleeks 711.The upper end of steel wire cleek 711 is against on Electromagnetic bolt 713 under the lower pulling force effect of link 718, thus keeps the balance of steel wire cleek 711.When Electromagnetic bolt 713 is in contraction state, the upper end of steel wire cleek 711 loses the stop of Electromagnetic bolt 713, and steel wire cleek 711 rotates to weight 714 direction under the drive of weight 714 and link 718, and link 718 comes off mutually with steel wire cleek 711.After link 718 and steel wire cleek 711 come off mutually, weight 714 is driven on the right of radiation source fixed head 72 by steel wire 78 and namely moves to wireline pulley 79 place under the guiding of wireline pulley 79, thus realizes the movement of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5.
Before experiment starts, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is positioned at the high order end of guide rail platform 75, when by the time needing to move right dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5, Electromagnetic bolt 713 energising is in contraction state, steel wire cleek 711 turns left, link 718 comes off mutually with steel wire cleek 711, and weight 714 falls, and hauls dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 and moves right.After experiment terminates, disconnect Electromagnetic bolt 713 power supply, open experiment chamber door 2, manual lower end link 718 being hung over steel wire cleek 711, the upper end of steel wire cleek 711 is against on Electromagnetic bolt 713, continues the high order end dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 being moved to guide rail platform 75.In order to more convenient dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 moves to the high order end of guide rail platform 75, flexible rope 77 can be installed in the left side of radiation source fixed head 72 and the left side of guide rail platform 75, when weight 714 moves time, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 recovers to move to guide rail platform 75 high order end automatically.In like manner, also flexible rope 77 can be made into the wire rope of suitable length, in dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 moves to right process, play position-limiting action.
In order near the environment in guard box and sample, status (air pressure, oxygen concentration etc.) reaches unanimity substantially, reaction casing 1 can be designed as long 1m, wide 0.6m, high 1m.On experiment chamber door 2, the one side of orientating reaction casing 1 inside is provided with the quantity of LED subsides lamp 4, LED subsides lamp 4 is two, can lay respectively at view window 3 side.LED pastes the long 30cm of lamp 4, low colour temperature, high light flux, can improve the illuminating effect observed laboratory sample.Bottom in reaction casing 1 is provided with LED 6, and LED 6 is for providing the illumination of reaction casing 1 inside, and luminous flux is large, and illuminating effect is good.In order to more portable, efficient operation and use, as shown in Figure 5, control system integration case 41 and the touch screen type Distributed Control System (DCS) panel 42 of comparative maturity can also be used, touch screen type Distributed Control System (DCS) panel 42 is arranged on control system integration case 41, by touch screen type Distributed Control System (DCS) panel 42 operation control system integral box 41, can by the pressure transducer at venthole 8 place, aviation plug 10, radiation source binding post 9, nitrogen solenoid valve 23, variable valve 32, all access control system integral boxes 41 such as Electromagnetic bolt 713 grade, undertaken unifying control operation by touch screen type Distributed Control System (DCS) panel 42.
As shown in Figure 7, when carrying out nonflame Pyrolysis Experiment, placing and being used for the specimen holder 54 of nonflame pyrolysis in reaction casing 1, each experimental provision above being used for supporting, serves the effect of hoisting depth.Specimen holder 54 is placed with electronic balance 53, the weightlessness change of laboratory sample 51 when being used for recording reaction.Electronic balance 53 is placed with sample carrier 52, sample carrier 52 is used for isolated laboratory sample 51 liberated heat when reacting.Laboratory sample 51 to be positioned on sample carrier 52 and to be positioned at 30mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5.Length and width, the thickness of laboratory sample 51 are respectively: the fiberboard of 10cm, 10cm, 15mm, and laboratory sample 51 can be placed in recessed piece of sample carrier 52.After laboratory sample 51 is placed, experiment can be started.Determine that this group experimental pressure is 10kPa, the input voltage of the corresponding dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 of radiant heat flux 50kW/m2(is 162V).
Enclosed experiment chamber door 2, ensures the sealing that reaction casing 1 is preliminary.Setup pressure value is 10kPa, opens reduction valve 25 to 0.1MPa, opens the power supply of the LED 6 bottom Surface-mount LED lamp 4, experimental box, vacuum pump 35 power supply, nitrogen solenoid valve 23, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 successively.After being stabilized in set pressure, the input voltage of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is regulated to be 162V, after dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 reaches radiation power, open Electromagnetic bolt 713 when being in contraction state, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is moved to 30mm place directly over laboratory sample 51, by the nonflame pyrolytic process of view window 3 observation experiment sample 51.Laboratory sample 51 after completion of the reaction, regulates the input voltage of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 to be 0V, stops experiment, closes reduction valve 25 etc.
Can obtain according to the experiment of this group, experimental pressure is laboratory sample 51(fiberboard under 10kPa, radiant heat flux 50kW/m2) polycondensation cracking situation, weight-loss curve.Then change experimental pressure, radiant heat flux, continue the experiment of other groups.Further, in Data Processing in Experiment afterwards, more detailed analysis is carried out.According to fiberboard polycondensation cracking behaviors experimental study, the pyrolysis rate of carbonated material in solid combustible (fiberboard), carbonization process can be drawn, thus for predicting that its combustion process provides foundation, related ends can serve to solid combustible fire behavior, fire spread feature be studied.
As shown in Figure 8, when carrying out flaming combustion experiment, as XPS(polystyrene) flame pulsation and combustion rate experimental study.Flame burning sample frame 64 is placed with in reaction casing 1, flaming combustion specimen holder 64 is placed with laboratory sample pallet 62, laboratory sample pallet 62 is provided with laboratory sample folder 63, and laboratory sample folder 63 is used for clamping XPS laboratory sample 61, achieves the effect of fixing XPS laboratory sample 61.Laboratory sample folder 63 on accompany XPS laboratory sample 61, XPS laboratory sample 61 height be 40cm, wide be 20cm, thick 5cm, be positioned at 10mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5.
After XPS laboratory sample 61 is placed, start experiment.Determine that this group experimental pressure is the corresponding sea level elevation 10000m of 70kPa(), the input voltage of the corresponding dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 of radiant heat flux 50kW/m2(is 162V).Equally, enclosed experiment chamber door 2, ensures the sealing that reaction casing 1 is preliminary.Setup pressure value is 80kPa, opens reduction valve 25 to 0.1MPa, opens the power supply of the LED 6 bottom Surface-mount LED lamp 4, experimental box, vacuum pump 35 power supply, nitrogen solenoid valve 23, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 successively.After being stabilized in set pressure, the input voltage of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is regulated to be 162V.After dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 reaches radiation power, open Electromagnetic bolt 713 when being in contraction state, dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 is moved to 10mm place directly over XPS laboratory sample 61, is observed the flaming combustion process of XPS laboratory sample 61 by view window 3.XPS laboratory sample 61 after completion of the reaction, regulates the input voltage of dull and stereotyped infrared origin 5 to be 0V, stops experiment, closes the reduction valve 25 etc. of nitrogen cylinder.
Can obtain according to the experiment of this group, experimental pressure is 70kPa, radiant heat flux 50kW/m
2combustion flame pulsation situation, the weight-loss curve of lower XPS laboratory sample 61.Then change experimental pressure, radiant heat flux, sample size, continue the experiment of other groups.Further, in Data Processing in Experiment afterwards, more detailed analysis is carried out.According to XPS(polystyrene) flame pulsation and combustion rate experimental study, combustion phenomena development, the combustion rate of XPS can be drawn, thus serve the spread process in current study hotspot-fire of high-rise building, fire.Especially XPS is as a kind of external wall outer insulation material, and use extensively, the fire hazard Journal of Sex Research for it just seems necessary.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the just principle of the present invention described in above-described embodiment and instructions; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed scope of the present invention.The protection domain of application claims is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. one kind can change the pyrolysis of material nonflame and the flaming combustion experimental box of environmental pressure and atmospheric condition, comprise reaction casing (1), reaction casing (1) sidepiece is movably installed with experiment chamber door (2), experiment chamber door (2) is provided with view window (3), reaction casing (1) bottom has air admission hole (7), admission line (21) is connected on that air admission hole (7) is upper and admission line (21) is positioned at reaction casing (1) outward, reaction casing (1) is provided with venthole (8), radiation source binding post (9) and aviation plug (10), (8) are provided with pressure transducer to venthole,
It is characterized in that: also comprise air intake assembly, go out pneumatic module and radiation source assembly, air intake assembly comprises nitrogen cylinder (26), nitrogen cylinder (26) is connected to nitrogen inlet duct road (24) by reduction valve (25), and nitrogen inlet duct road (24) introduce admission line (21); Go out pneumatic module and comprise the outlet pipe (31) be arranged on venthole (8), outlet pipe (31) access smoke filtration integral box (33), vacuum pump admission line (34) is picked out in smoke filtration integral box (33), vacuum pump admission line (34) is connected into vacuum pump (35), and vacuum pump (35) connects vacuum pump outlet pipe (36);
Radiation source assembly comprises the guide rail platform (75) be fixedly mounted in reaction casing (1), radiation source fixed head (72) is arranged on the upper and guide rail platform (75) of guide rail platform (75) and forms and be slidably matched, dull and stereotyped infrared origin (5) is arranged on the below of radiation source fixed head (72), radiation source fixed head (72) is provided with square opening (715), and the wire (716) of dull and stereotyped infrared origin (5) is connected with radiation source binding post (9) through square opening (715);
The right-hand member of guide rail platform (75) is separately installed with roller arm (710) and platform (720), the middle part of roller arm (710) is provided with wireline pulley (79), the right side of radiation source fixed head (72) is provided with steel wire (78), the other end of steel wire (78) is provided with weight (714), steel wire (78) is around on wireline pulley (79), platform (720) is separately installed with cleek fixed block (719) and riser (712), riser (712) is provided with Electromagnetic bolt (713), the power control line of Electromagnetic bolt (713) is connected with aviation plug (10), steel wire cleek (711) is " L " shape, it is upper and form with cleek fixed block (719) and be rotatably assorted that the root of steel wire cleek (711) is arranged on cleek fixed block (719), one end bolt of link (718) is on the steel wire (78) of wireline pulley (79) below, the other end of link (718) hangs over the lower end of steel wire cleek (711), the upper end of steel wire cleek (711) is against on Electromagnetic bolt (713) under the lower pulling force effect of link (718), and when Electromagnetic bolt (713) is in contraction state, link (718) comes off mutually with steel wire cleek (711).
2. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the specimen holder (54) be placed in reaction casing (1), specimen holder (54) is placed with electronic balance (53), electronic balance (53) is placed with sample carrier (52), laboratory sample (51) is positioned at sample carrier (52) and goes up and be positioned at 30mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin (5).
3. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the flaming combustion specimen holder (64) be placed in reaction casing (1), flaming combustion specimen holder (64) is placed with laboratory sample pallet (62), laboratory sample pallet (62) is provided with laboratory sample folder (63), and laboratory sample folder (63) accompanies XPS laboratory sample (61) and XPS laboratory sample (61) is positioned at 10mm place immediately below dull and stereotyped infrared origin (5).
4. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and the flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described nitrogen inlet duct road (24) is provided with nitrogen solenoid valve (23), the inlet end place of admission line (21) is provided with air inlet ball valve (22), outlet pipe (31) is provided with variable valve (32).
5. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and the flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the one side of upper orientating reaction casing (1) inside of described experiment chamber door (2) is provided with LED and pastes lamp (4), and LED pastes lamp (4) and is positioned at view window (3) side; Bottom in reaction casing (1) is provided with LED (6).
6. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and the flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described reaction casing (1) long 1m, wide 0.6m, high 1m.
7. a kind of pyrolysis of material nonflame and flaming combustion experimental box that can change environmental pressure and atmospheric condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the left side of described radiation source fixed head (72) and the left side of guide rail platform (75) are provided with to stretch restricts (77).
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| CN114544704B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-09-19 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Mesoscale high-heat flux irradiation ignition test system and method |
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