CN104748810A - Fluid flow accumulating system - Google Patents
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- CN104748810A CN104748810A CN201510113603.7A CN201510113603A CN104748810A CN 104748810 A CN104748810 A CN 104748810A CN 201510113603 A CN201510113603 A CN 201510113603A CN 104748810 A CN104748810 A CN 104748810A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fluid flow accumulating system. The fluid flow accumulating system comprises a signal gathering module, a signal processing module, a compensation module, an automatic reset module, an accumulating module and a display module. The signal gathering module gathers the 4-20 m A or 1-5 V standard signal in the site flow, a differential pressure signal, a pressure signal and a temperature signal into a system, and the standard signal are sent to the signal processing module or the compensation module after being converted into a digital quantity signal through an analog-digital conversion function. The compensation module sends the digital quantity signal to the accumulating module after conducting temperature and/or pressure compensation on the digital quantity signal, and the accumulating module adopts an accumulating method to process integers and decimals in a separating mode. When the flow accumulation reaches to a set value, the automatic reset module can assign the numerical value 0 to an aggregate value automatically and conducts accumulation operation again. The display module can be used for displaying an instantaneous flow, an accumulating flow, a real-time pressure and a real-time temperature according to the relevant parameter preset by a user. The fluid flow accumulating system improves the accuracy of fluid flow accumulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy measurement field, specifically a kind of fluid flow accumulation system.
Background technology
Energy measurement and energy-saving monitoring, energy auditing, energy statistics, Status of Energy Sources analysis are that enterprise energy manages and the basis of energy conservation, and energy measurement is the basis in basis.Since reform and opening-up, there is fast development in the economy of country, along with the fast development of economy, country proposes the requirement of more Gao Gengxin to the energy-saving and cost-reducing work of enterprise, enterprise energy gage work just seems even more important, must adapt with country to the requirement of industry energy conservation, environmental protection.
In the use of the energy and the process of transport, for reaching measurement cost, and instructing industrial object by adding up industrial energy-output ratio, needing to add up flow.Flux cumulating, also known as " flow accumulation ", as the term suggests refer to the instantaneous delivery accumulated value within a certain period of time by a certain pipeline such as on-the-spot liquid, gas.What flux cumulating embodied is flow summation in certain hour.General field instrumentation just records instantaneous flow, and current algorithm can calculate all flows in a period of time and, thus reach the object controlling every section of time flow and how much regulate.
Along with the development of PLC, increasing control all adopts flow detector signal directly to access the mode of PLC in on-the-spot and control program.And floating-point storage format is 32 in PLC, along with the change of accumulated number is large, the precision of numerical value is more and more lower, after radix point, figure place is fewer and feweri, during computing, uncared-for value is increasing, thus cause accumulated number to be less than the actual numerical value flow through, therefore, how to guarantee fluid flow accurately detect and cumulative errors urine of trying one's best becomes crucial.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: integrated flow initial value and flow instantaneous value are a very little floating number, it is correct that both are added rear result, but after being through a period of time, the numerical value of integrated flow increases gradually, difference between itself and the numerical value of instantaneous delivery detected also increases thereupon, after now both perform add operation, the numerical value of instantaneous delivery will be left in the basket.Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fluid flow accumulation system, be intended to reduce flux cumulating error.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of fluid flow accumulation system, comprise signal acquisition module, signal processing module, compensating module, automatic clear module, accumulation module and display module, 4 ~ 20mA of on-the-spot flow or differential pressure signal, pressure signal, temperature signal or 1 ~ 5V standard signal collect in system by described signal acquisition module, send into signal processing module or compensating module after being converted to digital quantity signal by analog-digital conversion function.
Described signal processing module comprises small signal process unit, digital filtering unit and instantaneous delivery converting unit, all values between the maximal value of the digital quantity value that described digital filtering unit carrys out signal acquisition module transmission and minimum value, be transferred to small signal process unit as useful signal value, digital filtering is the important measures suppressing and prevent to disturb.
The signal that small signal process unit receives the transmission of digital filtering unit carries out small-signal excision, specifically refer to and be shown as zero lower than instantaneous delivery during specific stream value, higher than the function that instrument during this specific stream value is normally run in order to what overcome that interference, transmitter, the zero point drift of differential pressure transmitter or guaranteed flow meter systems normally run and arrange.There are two kinds of situations herein: one is when supporting the use with standard throttle apparatus (as standard orifice plate, calibrating nozzle, classical venturi tube etc.), small-signal excision point should be not more than 8% of maximum flow under design conditions, can select between 0-8%; Another kind is when supporting the use with the flow sensor such as turbo flow meter, vortex shedding flow meter, electromagnetic flowmeter, ultrasonic flow meter or differential pressure transmitter, and small-signal excision point should be not more than 5% of maximum flow under design conditions, can select between 0-5%.
Instantaneous delivery converting unit is used for carrying out the conversion of mark condition volumetric flow rate to instantaneous delivery, correspondingly there are two kinds of situations, the first is the signal come in scene is flow signal, and therefore digital quantity and flow signal are a kind of simple linear relationships, following formula (1) can be adopted to carry out conversion calculate
（1）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are linear scale factor, and FS is the flow range under the status of criterion of this fluid of measurement, and unit is Nm
3/ h.
The second is the signal come in scene is differential pressure signal, and itself and flow signal are a kind of relations of evolution, therefore needs a square root extractor to carry out extracting operation to differential pressure signal, and adopts following formula (2) to carry out flow conversion calculating,
（2）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are coefficient of flow, are differential pressure signal, and unit is kPa, and be the fluid density under the status of criterion, unit is kg/m
3.
Compensating module carries out temperature and/or pressure compensation to digital quantity signal, is divided into following several situation according to different fluid forms:
1. when fluid is gas, because the volumetric flow rate of gas changes with the change of temperature and pressure, therefore its volumetric flow rate is different from the difference of process operation temperatures and pressure.In the production run of reality, the operating temperature and pressure of equipment usually changes, and the volumetric flow rate thus under different operating state does not have comparability.It is the volumetric flow rate volumetric flow rate under mode of operation being converted into design point or standard state to one of effect that temperature and the pressure of gas flow measurement compensate.Because flowmeter is undertaken manufacturing and designing or demarcating by design point process conditions, therefore when operating operating mode off-design operating mode, flow measurement will produce deviation.Therefore another effect that the temperature and pressure of volumetric flow of gas compensates is the measuring error that correction brings due to flow meters work condition off-design process conditions.
2. when fluid is superheated vapor, need temperature and pressure to compensate, steam generally calculates with mass rate simultaneously, and due to temperature or pressure is arbitrary changes, the density of steam changes thereupon, and its mass rate also changes thereupon.
3. when fluid is saturated vapour, need single temperature compensation or single pressure compensation, there is fixing corresponding relation (i.e. saturated vapor density table) between the density of saturated vapour and temperature or pressure, known temperature or pressure wherein any one, just can determine the density of saturated vapour.
4. when fluid is liquid, generally do not need pressure compensation, at below 5MPa, the impact of general only consideration temperature, for ensureing that higher measuring accuracy needs to carry out temperature compensation.
The signal type brought according to scene in compensating module is divided into temperature and/or the pressure compensation of the temperature of differential pressure signal and/or pressure compensation and linear flow signal, when the signal of coming when scene is flow signal, following formula (3), (5), (7) are adopted to compensate computing, and when on-the-spot signal of coming is differential pressure signal, then adopt following formula (4), (6), (8) to compensate computing.
Temperature and pressure compensate jointly:
(3)
(4)
Temperature compensation:
(5)
(6)
Pressure compensation:
(7)
(8)
The accumulation method that accumulation module takes integer and decimal separately to process, specifically first instantaneous delivery being carried out Conversion of measurement unit is the flow value adopting interval time, then decimal and integer carry out to gained flow value separately cumulative, PLC programming instruction TRUNC(fractions omitted is wherein utilized to round as DI instruction) obtain integral part, instruction subtraction SUB_R obtains fraction part, when instantaneous delivery is added obtains integer with fraction part, gained round values is transported to integral part and adds up; Numerical value 0 assignment, when reaching set definite value when flux cumulating, is carried out clear operation to aggregate-value to it, is then re-started accumulation operations by automatic clear module automatically; The correlation parameter that display module can pre-set according to user carries out display instantaneous delivery, integrated flow, real-time pressure and real time temperature.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: reduce the cumulative data error because software and hardware self character and existing PLC programmed method cause, thus improve the accuracy of data, for enterprise grasps energy consumption, analyze by energy level, search energy-saving potential, specify energy saving direction, improve energy management, improve energy utilization rate and carry out providing scientific basis with the technical and economic evaluation of energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is flux cumulating process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is automatic clear process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is overview flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the wiring diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
+ 24V in figure, AI1+, AI1-are flow or differential pressure input signal cable; + 24V, AI2+, AI2-are pressure input signals line; A, B, B are temperature input signal line.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention and understanding, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described and introduce.
As shown in Fig. 1,4 and 5, a kind of fluid flow accumulation system, comprise signal acquisition module 101, signal processing module 103, compensating module 102, automatic clear module 105, accumulation module 104 and display module 106,4 ~ 20mA of on-the-spot flow or differential pressure signal, pressure signal, temperature signal or 1 ~ 5V standard signal collect in system by described signal acquisition module 101, send into signal processing module 103 or compensating module 102 by analog-digital conversion function after being converted to digital quantity signal.Described signal processing module 103 comprises small signal process 1032-1035, digital filtering 1031 and instantaneous delivery conversion 1036, all values between the maximal value of the digital quantity value that described digital filtering 1031 carrys out signal acquisition module transmission and minimum value, be transferred to small signal process unit as useful signal value, digital filtering is the important measures suppressing and prevent to disturb.
The signal that small signal process unit 1032-1035 receives the transmission of digital filtering unit carries out small-signal excision, specifically refer to and be shown as zero lower than instantaneous delivery during specific stream value, higher than the function that instrument during this specific stream value is normally run in order to what overcome that interference, transmitter, the zero point drift of differential pressure transmitter or guaranteed flow meter systems normally run and arrange.There are two kinds of situations herein: one is when supporting the use with standard throttle apparatus (as standard orifice plate, calibrating nozzle, classical venturi tube etc.), small-signal excision point should be not more than 8% of maximum flow under design conditions, can select between 0-8%; Another kind is when supporting the use with the flow sensor such as turbo flow meter, vortex shedding flow meter, electromagnetic flowmeter, ultrasonic flow meter or differential pressure transmitter, and small-signal excision point should be not more than 5% of maximum flow under design conditions, can select between 0-5%.Signal transacting is complete is transferred to instantaneous delivery converting unit 1036.
Instantaneous delivery converting unit 1036 is for carrying out the conversion of mark condition volumetric flow rate to instantaneous delivery, correspondingly there are two kinds of situations, the first is the signal come in scene is flow signal, and therefore digital quantity and flow signal are a kind of simple linear relationships, following formula (1) can be adopted to carry out conversion calculate
（1）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are linear scale factor, and FS is the flow range under the status of criterion of this fluid of measurement, and unit is Nm
3/ h.
The second is the signal come in scene is differential pressure signal, and itself and flow signal are a kind of relations of evolution, therefore needs a square root extractor to carry out extracting operation to differential pressure signal, and adopts following formula (2) to carry out flow conversion calculating,
（2）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are coefficient of flow, are differential pressure signal, and unit is kPa, and be the fluid density under the status of criterion, unit is kg/m
3.
Have in compensating module 102 in 4 and select: temperature compensation 1026, pressure compensation 1024, temperature pressure compensation 1025, first three kind situation is uncompensation time all no.Select different compensating forms to have different computing formula to compensate.
The signal type brought according to scene is divided into temperature and/or the pressure compensation of the temperature of differential pressure signal and/or pressure compensation and linear flow signal, when the signal of coming when scene is flow signal, following formula (3), (5), (7) are adopted to compensate computing, and when on-the-spot signal of coming is differential pressure signal, then adopt following formula (4), (6), (8) to compensate computing.
Temperature and pressure compensate jointly:
(3)
(4)
Temperature compensation:
(5)
(6)
Pressure compensation:
(7)
(8)
As shown in Figure 2, flux cumulating, also known as " flow accumulation ", as the term suggests refer to the instantaneous delivery aggregate-value within a certain period of time by a certain pipeline such as on-the-spot liquid, gas.What flux cumulating embodied is flow summation in certain hour.What accumulation module 104 related generally to is sampling interval duration and accumulation method.Sampling interval duration is shorter, and the error of calculation is less, more approaches actual value, but does not forever all reach actual value due to the restriction gained measured value of existing software and hardware technology, can only say it is more close.CPU operation times will be increased because sampling interval duration is shorter simultaneously.Consider the error of calculation and CPU serviceable life to compromise, the sampling interval duration in this module can be selected between the time option 0.01-60s of unit conversion 1040, and preferred sampling interval duration is set to 100ms.
Accumulation method instantaneous delivery is divided into fraction part 1042 and integral part 1044 processes respectively, and first instantaneous delivery being carried out Conversion of measurement unit is the flow value adopting interval time, i.e. Q
instantaneous delivery/ 36000 is the flow value of every 100ms, then decimal and integer carry out to gained flow value separately cumulative, PLC programming instruction TRUNC(fractions omitted is wherein utilized to round as DI instruction) obtain integral part, instruction subtraction SUB_R obtains fraction part, when instantaneous delivery is added obtains integer with fraction part 1041, gained round values is transported to integral part 1045 and adds up.
In accumulation module 104, software adopts the Interruption functional block of PLC programming, sets sampling interval duration in advance within hardware, when the time then, just perform cumulative program block, thus improve cumulative degree of accuracy.
As shown in Figure 3, the phenomenon " counting greatly and eat decimal " during in order to avoid occurring accumulative, an automatic clear module 105 is set in system, an automatic clear value is set in this module, when flux cumulating 1051 reaches set definite value, numerical value 0 assignment resets to aggregate-value 1053 by this module automatically, re-starts cumulative, does like this and can effectively reduce error.
The correlation parameter that display module 106 can pre-set according to user carries out the parameters such as display instantaneous delivery, integrated flow, real-time pressure and real time temperature, so that user checks online, adjusts and periodic calibration.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment, be not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention, equivalents done on the basis of technique scheme or the alternative scope all falling into the claims in the present invention and protect.
Claims (4)
1. a fluid flow accumulation system, it is characterized in that: comprise signal acquisition module, signal processing module, compensating module, automatic clear module, accumulation module and display module, 4 ~ 20mA of on-the-spot flow or differential pressure signal, pressure signal, temperature signal or 1 ~ 5V standard signal collect in system by described signal acquisition module, send into signal processing module or compensating module after being converted to digital quantity signal by analog-digital conversion function; Described signal processing module comprises small signal process unit, digital filtering unit and instantaneous delivery converting unit, all values between the maximal value of the digital quantity value that described digital filtering unit carrys out signal acquisition module transmission and minimum value, small signal process unit is transferred to as useful signal value, send instantaneous delivery converting unit to after the signal that small signal process unit receives the transmission of digital filtering unit carries out small-signal excision, instantaneous delivery converting unit is converted to mark condition volumetric flow rate by unified for instantaneous delivery; Compensating module sends into accumulation module after carrying out temperature and/or pressure compensation to digital quantity signal, the accumulation method that accumulation module takes integer and decimal separately to process, specifically first instantaneous delivery being carried out Conversion of measurement unit is the flow value adopting interval time, then decimal and integer carry out to gained flow value separately cumulative, PLC programming instruction TRUNC is wherein utilized to obtain integral part, instruction subtraction SUB_R obtains fraction part, when instantaneous delivery is added obtains integer with fraction part, gained round values is transported to integral part and adds up; Numerical value 0 assignment, when reaching set definite value when flux cumulating, is carried out clear operation to aggregate-value to it, is then re-started accumulation operations by automatic clear module automatically; The correlation parameter that display module can pre-set according to user carries out display instantaneous delivery, integrated flow, real-time pressure and real time temperature.
2. a kind of fluid flow accumulation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the small-signal excision of described small signal process unit comprises two kinds of situations: one is when adopting standard throttle apparatus in system, small-signal excision o'clock is selected between 0 ~ 8%, another kind is when adopting flow sensor or differential pressure transmitter in system, and small-signal excision o'clock is selected between 0 ~ 5%.
3. a kind of fluid flow accumulation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described instantaneous delivery converting unit is carrying out instantaneous delivery comprising two kinds of situations when mark condition volumetric flow rate is changed: the first is the signal come in scene is flow signal, now adopt following formula (1) to carry out flow conversion to calculate
（1）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are linear scale factor, and FS is the flow range under the status of criterion of this fluid of measurement, and unit is Nm
3/ h;
The second is the signal come in scene is differential pressure signal, now adopts following formula (2) to carry out flow conversion and calculates,
（2）
Wherein, be mark condition volumetric flow rate, unit is Nm
3/ h, k are coefficient of flow, are differential pressure signal, and unit is kPa, and be the fluid density under the status of criterion, unit is kg/m
3.
4. a kind of fluid flow accumulation system as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that, described compensating module is divided into temperature and/or the pressure compensation of the temperature of differential pressure signal and/or pressure compensation and linear flow signal when carrying out temperature and/or pressure compensation, when the signal of coming when scene is flow signal, following formula (3), (5), (7) are adopted to compensate computing
Temperature and pressure compensate jointly:
(3)
(4)
Temperature compensation:
(5)
(6)
Pressure compensation:
(7)
(8)
And when on-the-spot signal of coming is differential pressure signal, then adopt above formula (4), (6), (8) to compensate computing.
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| CN108614074A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine |
| CN109542130A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-29 | 广东震仪智能装备股份有限公司 | Ion nozzle flow control system and equipment |
| CN109682437A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-26 | 福建顺昌虹润精密仪器有限公司 | A kind of flow integrator |
| CN111649786A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-11 | 东莞深证通信息技术有限公司 | Data accumulation method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
| CN112304380A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for circularly accumulating natural gas flow in distributed control system |
| CN112390221A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-23 | 郑州市广正电子有限公司 | Oil gas recovery online detection embedded integrated pressure compensation vortex shedding flowmeter of oiling machine |
| CN113984135A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-28 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Flow statistical method, device, computer readable storage medium and system |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108614074A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine |
| CN109542130A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-29 | 广东震仪智能装备股份有限公司 | Ion nozzle flow control system and equipment |
| CN109542130B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-10-08 | 广东震仪智能装备股份有限公司 | Ion shower nozzle flow control system and equipment |
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| CN111649786A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-11 | 东莞深证通信息技术有限公司 | Data accumulation method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
| CN112304380A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for circularly accumulating natural gas flow in distributed control system |
| CN112304380B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2024-01-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for circularly accumulating natural gas flow in distributed control system |
| CN112390221A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-23 | 郑州市广正电子有限公司 | Oil gas recovery online detection embedded integrated pressure compensation vortex shedding flowmeter of oiling machine |
| CN113984135A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-28 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Flow statistical method, device, computer readable storage medium and system |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |