CN104747148A - Thin and shallow layer super heavy oil horizontal well, viscosity reducer, nitrogen and steam assisted huff and puff method - Google Patents
Thin and shallow layer super heavy oil horizontal well, viscosity reducer, nitrogen and steam assisted huff and puff method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104747148A CN104747148A CN201410833991.1A CN201410833991A CN104747148A CN 104747148 A CN104747148 A CN 104747148A CN 201410833991 A CN201410833991 A CN 201410833991A CN 104747148 A CN104747148 A CN 104747148A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
Abstract
The invention provides a thin and shallow layer super heavy oil horizontal well, viscosity reducer, nitrogen and steam assisted huff and puff method, and belongs to the technical field of oil field production. The method includes the steps of firstly, drilling holes in a horizontal well; secondly, filling an oil pipe with oil-soluble viscosity reducers, closing a sleeve valve, and continuing to fill a well shaft with the oil-soluble viscosity reducers; thirdly, filling an oil sleeve with nitrogen in an annulus mode; fourthly, filling the oil pipe with steam through a filling and production integrated pipe column; fifthly, conducting soaking for 2 hours to 4 hours; sixthly, controlling flow opening through an oil nozzle when the pressure of a well opening falls to 0.5 MPa/d; seventhly, starting the pumping when conducting flow opening to the liquid amount of 3t/d. By means of the composite heavy oil development mode integrating the horizontal well, the viscosity reducers, the nitrogen and the steam, by means of the comprehensive effect of all elements, the steam swept volume is remarkably improved, the viscosity of crude oil is reduced, the energy of a stratum is compensated for, the steam filling pressure is reduced, the steam overlapping is avoided, the thermal loss of the stratum is reduced, and the oil driving efficiency and crude oil flowing capacity are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil extraction in oil field technical field, particularly relate to thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy horizontal well, visbreaking agent, nitrogen-assisted steam stimulation Combined mining method.
Background technology
In recent years, super heavy oil development causes the attention of oil circle day by day, and China achieves significant progress in super heavy oil development, and the technology such as overcritical steam injection, SAGD, HDCS that comprises has played important function in the exploitation of some special super-heavy oil deposit.But there is a following difficult problem in the exploitation of thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy: (1) Crude viscosity is large, and it is little that conventional steam send in and out employs scope; (2) reservoir buries shallow, and producing pressure differential is little, and lifting difficulty is large; (3) core intersection is thin; (4) steam is at oil reservoir top onlap, and swept volume is little, and oil reservoir heat waste is large.Therefore, for thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy, except needs reduce Crude viscosity, outside the mobility of increase viscous crude, because oil reservoir buries shallow, strata pressure is low, the driving force that crude oil flows in oil reservoir is little, so also need supplementary stratum energy, could realize economical and effective exploitation.Simultaneously, in thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy steam injection process, also there is steam injection pressure high, easily press off stratum, cause steam along crack channelling, cause steam to waste in a large number, and the onlap effect that steam produces in oil reservoir migration process, oil reservoir entirety can not be made to be employed, and the problem such as in manufacturing process reservoir withdrawal is low.
In super heavy oil development, China successively based on steam injection, has developed horizontal well steam injection, steam+visbreaking agent, steam+gas (as CO in recent years
2, nitrogen etc.), horizontal well+visbreaking agent+CO
2the technology such as+steam.Above technology can only meet one or several requirement in the exploitation of thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy, well, comprehensively can not solve the mining problem of thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy, therefore still need a kind of production practice technology of novel thin oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy in this area, realize the object reducing Crude viscosity, supplement stratum energy, reduce steam injection pressure, prevent steam overlap, reduce stratum heat waste, increase drainage area simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, by horizontal well, chemical visbreaking agent, nitrogen, steam soak, the Efficient Development of thin shallow super heavy oil can be realized.Shallow (400 ~ 570m), formation temperature low (22 ~ 28 DEG C), the thin (2 ~ 6m in reservoir is buried for oil field, average 3.5m), underground Crude viscosity high (50000 ~ 90000mPas) but thermal sensitivity is good, be applicable to the heavy crude reservoir of thermal recovery, propose the complex bacteria tearen viscous crude mode of integrated water horizontal well, visbreaking agent, nitrogen, steam, the comprehensive function of each key element significantly improves steam swept volume, oil displacement efficiency and crude oil flow ability, reduces Crude viscosity.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
Thin shallow super heavy oil horizontal well of the present invention, visbreaking agent, nitrogen-assisted steam stimulation method, comprise the steps:
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal well length is 120 ~ 200m, well spacing, array pitch 120 ~ 160m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with the full oil pipe of oil soluble viscosity reducer punching, then close sleeve valve, continue to inject oil soluble viscosity reducer 5 ~ 20t to pit shaft; Preferably be applicable to the visbreaking agent of development block crude oil, after injecting stratum, effectively can reduce Crude viscosity and follow-up note nitrogen, steam injection starting pressure; Carry by the nitrogen of follow-up injection and steam and expand the sphere of action of visbreaking agent;
C. nitrogen injection utilizes note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir from oil jacket annular space, can play dissolving and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone; By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft;
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection: lower steam injection string, and tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, on connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head;
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well; The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, and the stewing well time is generally at 2 ~ 4d;
F. open flow lands 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time with well head pressure every day, control open flow with oil nozzle, prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, require to measure a production fluid sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determine rational oil nozzle;
G. open and take out open-flow and open take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
The injection rate of oil soluble viscosity reducer described in step b is 5 ~ 20t; The injection rate of nitrogen described in step c is 30000 ~ 50000Nm
3, the injection rate of steam described in steps d is 1600 ~ 2200t;
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The initial combination of HDNS oil recovery technique and horizontal well (Horizontal well), oil-soluble compound visbreaking agent (Dissolver), nitrogen (Nitrogen) and steam (Steam) four English phrases.By the synergy of horizontal well technology and oil soluble viscosity reducer technology, reduce steam injection pressure, prevent from pressing off stratum, improve steam specific volume, expand calandria sum heat content utilization rate, solve the difficult problem that steam injection pressure is high, specific volume is little; By the synergy of oil soluble viscosity reducer, nitrogen, reduce Crude viscosity and steam injection pressure, add mobility and the driving-energy of crude oil, improve displacement efficiency, steam+nitrogen flooding improves displacement efficiency 10.32%, steam+5% visbreaking agent drives and improves displacement efficiency 14.62%, steam+nitrogen+5% visbreaking agent drives and improves displacement efficiency 34.57%, to improve displacement efficiency sum also large than adding nitrogen separately and adding separately visbreaking agent for the displacement efficiency that steam+nitrogen+visbreaking agent improves, and solves strata pressure little of the inefficient difficult problem of hot water drive.By the synergy of nitrogen and steam, play good heat-blocking action, reduce wellbore heat loss, nitrogen is migrated to move and can be produced super effect in oil reservoir, prevents the onlap effect of steam, improves the utilization ratio of steam, nitrogen after high pressure compressed can produce stronger elastic energy in process of production, become one of important crude oil driving force of oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy, solve steam overlap, the difficult problem that the thermal efficiency is low.This invention uses physical analogy, laboratory experiment, numerical simulation and reservoir engineering method to have extensively studied know-why of the present invention:
(1) the horizontal well mechanism of action
One is that exploitation heat waste is little, can greatly improve single well controlled reserves and oil recovery efficiency, improve heat utilization rate and vertical producing degree.Predict according to individual well geological model, along with core intersection increases, the loss of straight well, horizontal well heat history reduces gradually, under same oil layer thickness, horizontal well reduces by 20% ~ 30% than straight well heat waste, and horizontal well and oil reservoir contact area increase greatly, while increase reserves exploitation degree, decrease thermal loss, so utilize horizontal well development can obtain better thermal recovery effect.Two is that horizontal well development can reduce steam injection pressure, improve vapor absorption capacity.Three is that horizontal well development can change stress direction, increase well cementation length, and effectively prevent from altering outside pipe, due to oil-water interbedding, straight well steam injection development easily causes water breakthrough, and when mudstone barriers is thinner, drilling straight-hole easily causes manages outer altering.And horizontal well drilling can change stress direction, increase well cementation length, effectively prevent from altering outside pipe.Four is that horizontal well long well section drainage area is large, and the control reserve of 1 mouthful of water horizontal well is equivalent to 4 mouthfuls of straight wells, and the cycle oil production of horizontal well is 7.1 times of straight well, and the gas oil ratio of horizontal well is 1.3 times of straight well.
(2) the nitrogen mechanism of action
One is reduce reservoir heat waste.Along with adding of nitrogen, rock coefficient of thermal conductivity reduces gradually along with adding of nitrogen, and when gas saturation reaches 36%, rock coefficient of thermal conductivity declines 16%.Meanwhile, due to the effect of gravitational differentiation, oil reservoir top gas saturation is higher, reduces the loss of thin heavy oil along top cap rock heat, improves the heated perimeter of steam and the degree of uniform temperature fields distribution.Two is nitrogen is non-condensation gas, water insoluble, and be slightly soluble in oil, its compression coefficient is 3 times of carbon dioxide, has the dilatancy higher than other gas.The dividing potential drop effect of nitrogen, microbubble Jamin effect and gravitational differentiation can improve the heated perimeter of steam.Three is that auxiliary use can reduce wellbore heat loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality in thermal recovery, improves heat utilization rate, improves steam flooding efficiency, supplements stratum energy, improve water recovery rate.Four is according to numerical simulation result, and in the process of handling up, nitrogen injection can increase near wellbore zone pressure about 0.8MPa, effectively increases the stratum energy of Shallow Heavy Oil Reservoir.Five is improve recovery ratio.Along with nitrogen injection rate increases, recovery ratio increases thereupon, and when injecting 0.05PV nitrogen, recovery ratio is 62.51%, and when injecting 0.8PV nitrogen, recovery ratio brings up to 76.48%.This is due to the increase along with nitrogen injection rate, dissolve the nitrogen entered in crude oil to increase, serve and better fall glutinous effect, make crude oil volumizing effect more obvious simultaneously, in addition, along with the increase of nitrogen injection rate, the profile control effect of nitrogen and pressurization are more obvious, thus improve the recovery ratio of crude oil.
(3) the visbreaking agent mechanism of action
Oil soluble viscosity reducer utilizes the similar principle mixed to fall glutinous system with fragrant matter condensation product and bleeding agent composition, and this system has good dissolution dispersity to colloid, asphalitine under reservoir temperature.Its effect: one is effectively reduce near wellbore zone Crude viscosity.Two is reduce crude oil yield value.To arrange 601-P36 well viscous crude, along with the rising yield value of temperature reduces gradually, temperature is transformed into Newtonian fluid at 50 ~ 60 DEG C.When after injection oil soluble viscosity reducer, viscous crude yield value significantly declines under reservoir conditions, and the temperature spot being transformed into Newtonian fluid is reduced to 30 ~ 40 DEG C.Three is reduce steam injection pressure.Combine on-the-spot reservoir condition by experimental data, after injecting visbreaking agent, the starting pressure of steam injection can reduce by 0.5 ~ 1.0MPa.Four is increase substantially steam flooding efficiency.Visbreaking agent injection rate is by 0 to 0.05PV, and steam flooding efficiency brings up to 58% by 35%.This is because visbreaking agent injection rate is larger, more obvious to the effect of crude oil viscosity lowering, thus better improves the mobility of crude oil, thus oil displacement efficiency is increased.
(4) vapor action mechanism
One is that heating reduces Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil.After injecting steam to stratum, in the certain distance of near wellbore zone, formation temperature raises, by oil reservoir and heating crude oil.Two is that high-temperature steam can remove the oil layer pollutions such as near wellbore drilling fluid to the souring of rock, and the especially period 1, this de-plugging effect is extremely important.Three is that high-temperature steam reduces oil water interfacial tension, improves liquid resistance and gas block phenomenon, reduces crude oil flow resistance.Four is that high-temperature steam causes crude oil and water to expand on the one hand, causes rock expansion on the other hand, reduces voids volume, thus increase oil production.Five is wettability modifications of rock, and the compaction after step-down and high-temperature steam distillation etc. all can improve the production status of crude oil.
(5) Synergistic Mechanisms
1. collaborative fall glutinous
Oil soluble viscosity reducer, nitrogen and steam itself all has very strong crude oil viscosity lowering ability, injects stratum and steam injection process, mutually work in coordination with three with slug form, plays to work in coordination with to fall glutinous effect, shows more effective thinning effect.Nitrogen solubility in row 601 block viscous crude is lower, and it is lower to fall glutinous rate, and reservoir condition declines glutinous rate generally below 20%; Steam is to the facilitation of oil soluble viscosity reducer: raising thinning effect with temperature increases; Under comparatively Strong shear condition (in Method In Steam Injection Process), oil soluble viscosity reducer significantly increases wet crude thinning effect, moisture be greater than 50% after can form oil-in-water emulsion, strengthen thinning effect further.Visbreaking agent active component is to the facilitation of nitrogen: visbreaking agent active component can make nitrogen gas dissolved and extracting power be that progression increases, and makes that its viscosity declines, surface tension declines, and improves its thinning effect and diffusivity.Meanwhile, the heavy precipitation harm because nitrogen destruction viscous crude system causes can be eliminated.
2. add nitrogen injection and improve effectiveness
One is due to features such as nitrogen compressibilty, dilatancy, little thermal capacitance, low-viscosities, with the effect in turn enhancing steam soak after vapours mixed water injection.Two is that auxiliary rear the increasing of nitrogen takes heat energy power, reduces residual oil saturation.Although nitrogen solubility is in water and in oil very low, can microbubble be formed in the earth formation, promote on the one hand steam and migrate forward, strengthen conductive force, increase steam and take heat energy power, auxiliary fall glutinous; After nitrogen enters rock core on the other hand, will preferentially occupy the oily passage in porous media, and make the crude oil originally in bound state become moveable oil, thus reduce residual oil saturation.Three be nitrogen compression-expansion effect dispersion and change crude oil flow form, enhance crude oil fluidity.Four is the swept volumes expanding steam, supplements stratum energy, improves water recovery rate.Nitrogen injection makes steam injection leading edge become relatively uniform, expands steam swept volume to a certain extent, and development effectiveness is improved.Five is strengthening steam distillation effects.In steam injection process, add nitrogen makes mixed water injection pressure for vaporization reduce, and serves minimizing heat waste, keeps vapor (steam) temperature, underspeeding of the steam quality that slows down, and then the distillation enhancing light components in crude oil.
3. nitrogen combines on the basis ensureing process acts scope with oil soluble viscosity reducer, improves strata pressure, effectively increases the stratum energy of Shallow Heavy Oil Reservoir, extend the production cycle.
4. the heating radius of steam is expanded.By the steam injection of contrast level well, steam+visbreaking agent, steam+nitrogen, steam+visbreaking agent+nitrogen temperature field distribution, show: in Steam Additive, have the thermal field volume of nitrogen obviously to want large, show that nitrogen obviously can increase the impact scope of steam, expand the heating radius of steam, and effectively contain the onlap effect of steam.In injection visbreaking agent situation, thermo parameters method is more tending towards even, larger by effect scope, large also than pure steam injection of thermal field volume, but maximum temperature declines to some extent.
5. heat-blocking action.Annular injection nitrogen, can improve effect of heat insulation, improves shaft bottom steam quality, reduces bushing temperature, protective casing.Nitrogen can reduce reservoir rocks coefficient of thermal conductivity in oil reservoir, reduces the thermal loss of thin layer super-heavy oil deposit along top cap rock, improves the utilization rate of steam heat.Mixed with nitrogen by steam and inject stratum, after vapor chamber is formed, the density due to nitrogen is low and be tending towards to vapor chamber ionized motion, and therefore, in the homeostasis process that whole vapor chamber moves upward, nitrogen takes advantage on top all the time.Can think, in the porous media on vapor chamber top, major part is that nitrogen is saturated, saturated its coefficient of thermal conductivity of rock of nitrogen is lower than the saturated rock of moist steam, so just be equivalent to add one deck isolation layer between the cold oil of moist steam and vapor chamber outside is hidden, thus prevent heat to the transmission on top, make the most of heat entrained by moist steam be used for the oil reservoir in heat levels direction, thus it is extending transversely to accelerate vapor chamber.In addition, because the thermal capacitance of nitrogen is little more than water vapour, and steam is also containing a considerable amount of latent heat of vaporization, so generally speaking, the moist steam of same volume to take heat larger than the mist of moist steam and nitrogen, with the cold oil layer contact process of vapor chamber top, its temperature lowers fast, under comprehensive function in above two, be mixed into nitrogen in steam, the impact scope of steam can be wider.
Specific embodiment mode
Spring breeze oil field is a block 55 mouthfuls of wells before arranging 601 north, is 400 mouthfuls of wells, 7 blocks now, reservoir condition comparatively before difference to some extent, specific as follows:
The inventive method is 305 mouthfuls of well filed application in spring breeze oil field, and accumulative application 1405 well, all obtain successfully, average individual well day produce oil 8t/d, average gas oil ratio 0.45, has built up production capacity 81 × 10
4t, tired increasing oil 165 × 10
4t.The empirical formulas such as the reasonable steam injection intensity of Bound moisture horizontal well, multicycle heating radius and actual production data improve steam injection parameter plate, and Continuous optimization injects extraction parameter, improve effectiveness.According to different blocks characteristics of reservoirs and round of handling up, formulate different countermeasures of development, draw the economic template of effect, well one plan, one deck one plan.Produce the crude oil of equal number, nitrogen injection is compared with not nitrogen injection, and use steam more than 30% less, spring breeze oil field is accumulative nitrogen injection 6.2 × 10 since 2010
8nm
3, while completing crude oil production task, save steam 190 × 10
4t.And impel the rapid proved reserves 8209 × 10 in spring breeze oil field
4t.Spring breeze oil field year produce oil by 2010 4 × 10
4t rises to 66.5 × 10 in 2013
4t.And apply in Yael Arad oil field, Xinjiang and obtained effect, breathe out after shallow 22-P1 well applies this technology, day produce oil 12t/d.Show, range of application of the present invention is not limited to Junggar Basin spring breeze oil field.At present this technology is the most comprehensively set forth and embody in this patent.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
This technical method carries out as follows:
Optimizing construction parameter designing, with reservoir engineering and method for numerical simulation design level well, visbreaking agent, nitrogen, steam parameter.
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 120m, well spacing, array pitch 120m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 5t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection utilizes note nitrogen car by the 30000Nm of more than 95% purity
3nitrogen injects oil reservoir by oil jacket annular space, can play dissolving and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 1600t: lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, on connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.4%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 1.8%.Meanwhile, be configured with 7 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well, the stewing 2 days well time.
F. open flow lands 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time with well head pressure every day, open flow is controlled with oil nozzle, prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, require to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determine rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and take out to opening during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Embodiment 2:
This technology is carried out as follows:
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 200m, well spacing, array pitch 160m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 20t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular injection nitrogen 50000Nm
3; During nitrogen injection, utilize note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir, dissolving can be played and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 2200t; Lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, and with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, above connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.46%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 2%.Meanwhile, be configured with 9 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well.The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, and the stewing 4 days well time, with well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time;
F. open flow oil nozzle controls open flow, and prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, requires to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determines rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and take out to opening during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Embodiment 3:
The method is carried out as follows:
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 160m, well spacing, array pitch 140m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 12.5t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular injection nitrogen 40000Nm
3; During nitrogen injection, utilize note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir, dissolving can be played and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 1900t; Lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, and with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, above connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.45%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 2.1%.Meanwhile, be configured with 8 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well.The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, stewing well time 4d, with well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time;
F. open flow oil nozzle controls open flow, and prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, requires to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determines rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and open take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Embodiment 4
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 140m, well spacing, array pitch 130m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 20t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular injection nitrogen 40000Nm
3; During nitrogen injection, utilize note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir, dissolving can be played and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 1800t; Lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, and with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, above connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.5%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 2.2%.Meanwhile, be configured with 9 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well.The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, stewing well time 3d, with well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time;
F. open flow oil nozzle controls open flow, and prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, requires to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determines rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and open take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Embodiment 5
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 180m, well spacing, array pitch 150m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 16t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular injection nitrogen 35000Nm
3; During nitrogen injection, utilize note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir, dissolving can be played and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 1780t; Lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, and with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, above connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.48%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 2%.Meanwhile, be configured with 8 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well.The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, stewing well time 4d, with well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time;
F. open flow oil nozzle controls open flow, and prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, requires to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determines rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and open take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Embodiment 6
A. horizontal well drilling horizontal section length 190m, well spacing, array pitch 150m;
B. inject visbreaking agent and calculate flow line volume, first with visbreaking agent, the liquid in oil pipe is replaced out, then close sleeve valve, then inject 8t oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular injection nitrogen 45000Nm
3; During nitrogen injection, utilize note nitrogen car that the nitrogen of more than 95% purity is injected oil reservoir, dissolving can be played and fall glutinous, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, supplement stratum energy and expand the effects such as steam zone.By oil jacket annular space after nitrogen injection in well, closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time, plays thermal insulation function to pit shaft.
D. injecting steam adopts note to adopt integrated pipe column, by oil pipe steam injection 2050t; Lower steam injection string, tubular column structure is respectively from bottom to up, and with the even steam distributing pipe post of even steam distributing valve and expansion loop, above connect note and adopt integrated pump, pump is external diameter Φ 87.6mm oil pipe, well head installs subcritical steam injection well head.During steam injection, take " injection boiler, ground insulating, pit shaft are incubated " Trinitarian overall process and protect dry technology, ensure steam injection mass dryness fraction, guarantee thermal recovery effect.Carry out the injection boiler operating mode plate of " stove one figure ", boiler evenly heat efficiency improves 1.47%, average steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%.Take the Insulation of steam injection pipeline, buttress, well head, improve well head steam quality 2%.Meanwhile, be configured with 8 distributors at horizontal segment, realize the even steam injection of horizontal segment, all right regular mobile distributor position, realize oil reservoir and laterally evenly employ.
E. after steam noted by stewing well, well head installs heatproof pressure meter, starts stewing well.The stewing well time depends on injection quantity of steam and well head pressure, should according to the actual conditions adjustment stewing well time, stewing well time 4d, with well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa for the oil well open flow time;
F. open flow oil nozzle controls open flow, and prevent disturbed strata and erosion sand screen because open flow speed is excessive, open-flow is taken out to turning during 3t/d liquid measure, requires to measure a Liquid output and sand content at open flow stage every 8h, determines rational oil nozzle.
G. open and take out open-flow and open take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
When reaching the production rate limit of setting, carry out injection and the production in next cycle.
Claims (2)
1. thin shallow super heavy oil horizontal well, visbreaking agent, nitrogen-assisted steam stimulation method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. boring horizontal well horizontal well length of fetching water is 120 ~ 200m, well spacing, array pitch 120 ~ 160m;
B. inject visbreaking agent first with the full oil pipe of oil soluble viscosity reducer punching, then close sleeve valve, continue to inject oil soluble viscosity reducer to pit shaft;
C. nitrogen injection is by oil jacket annular space to nitrogen injection in well, and closed-in well mouth sleeve gate, guarantees that in follow-up steam injection process, nitrogen is full of oil jacket annular space all the time;
D. a set of steam injection string under steam injection, tubular column structure is followed successively by the even steam distributing pipe post of the even steam distributing valve of band and expansion loop from bottom to up, and above connecing note and adopt integrated pump, pump is oil pipe, and well head installs subcritical steam injection well head, from oil pipe, inject steam;
E. stewing well boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well 2 ~ 4d after having noted steam;
F. open flow is the oil well open flow time as well head pressure landing every day 0.5MPa, controls open flow with oil nozzle;
G. open to take out and open until open-flow take out to adopting note to adopt integrated pipe column during 3t/d liquid measure.
2. thin shallow super heavy oil horizontal well according to claim 1, visbreaking agent, nitrogen-assisted steam stimulation method, is characterized in that, the injection rate of oil soluble viscosity reducer described in step b is 5 ~ 20t; The injection rate of nitrogen described in step c is 30000 ~ 50000Nm
3; The injection rate of steam described in steps d is 1600 ~ 2200t.
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