CN104746329A - Flax waste oil absorption material and preparation method thereof as well as non-woven oil absorption felt - Google Patents
Flax waste oil absorption material and preparation method thereof as well as non-woven oil absorption felt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional textiles and particularly relates to a flax waste oil absorption material and a preparation method thereof as well as a non-woven oil absorption felt. The flax waste oil absorption material comprises oleophylic modified flax fibers and the flax fibers are selected from flax wastes. The preparation method adopts a chemical grafting method to carry out oleophylic and hydrophobic modification on the flax fibers. The non-woven oil absorption felt composed of the flax waste oil absorption material and polyester fibers has efficient and rapid oil absorption capability, can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, and the aim of treating pollution with the wastes is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional textile technical field, be specifically related to flax discarded object oil absorption material and preparation method thereof and non-woven asphalt felt.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of industry, world commerce and marine petroleum exploitation, the water body that makes of the phenomenons such as the leakage of industry oil-polluted water and discharge, marine accident and platform leakage of oil causes serious pollution, destroy aquatic resources, have a strong impact on environment for human survival, utilizing oil absorption material to adsorb and reclaiming waste oil is the important means solving oil pollution.
At present, conventional oil absorption material has 3 classes.One is mineral-type oil absorption material, and mainly contain graphite, active carbon, bentonite, flyash etc., this kind of material is relatively cheap, but oil absorption is little, protects oily rate variance, and oil suction also absorbs water simultaneously.Two is synthesis organic oil absorption materials, and applying maximum is high oil-absorbing resin, and this kind of material has the advantages such as speed of oil absorption is fast, oil absorbency is high, oil-retaining is strong, but it is expensive, and use artifact degraded difficulty, add the load of environment, can secondary pollution be caused.Three is natural fabric class oil absorption materials, mainly contain bombax cotton, cattail wool fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, agricultural crop straw, cotton fiber, wool etc., this kind of material is biodegradable, nontoxic pollution-free, environmental protection, and wide material sources, if but oleophilic drainage modification is not carried out to it, also can absorb water while oil suction, water occupies oily space, a large amount of Tibetan, the oil absorption of meeting limiting material.
China is flax textile producing country maximum in the world, it is 1,100,000 ingots that flax in 2012 spins scale, flax product relate to take, decorate with and the various fields such as industry use, produce a large amount of flax discarded objects, the lingerie mainly comprising Noil of Flax and discard every year.Flax discarded object of the current overwhelming majority is buried or burning disposal by soil, causes serious environmental pollution and the wasting of resources, even if there is a small amount of flax discarded object to be recovered, its recycling field is also very limited.
Flax belongs to natural fabric class oil absorption material, compares other oil absorption materials, flax discarded object wide material sources, cheap, biodegradable, but there is great amount of hydroxy group in its molecular structure, there is very high hydrophily, limit its oil absorbency and the application in oil suction product.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the object of this invention is to provide flax discarded object oil absorption material and preparation method thereof and non-woven asphalt felt, this oil absorption material is with low cost, preparation is simple, oil absorbency is high, with the asphalt felt that it is made possess efficiently, oil absorption fast, and repeatedly to use.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
(1) one grows flax discarded object oil absorption material, and it is characterized in that, described oil absorption material comprises the linen fibre of oleophylic modification, and described linen fibre is from flax discarded object.
The linen fibre of described oleophylic modification is the linen fibre of graft phenylethene.
(2) preparation method of above-mentioned flax discarded object oil absorption material, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the preliminary treatment of flax discarded object
Disinfected through cleaning, oven dry, ultraviolet radiation successively by flax discarded object, then being cut also fully shredding is linen fibre;
Step 2, preparation flax discarded object oil absorption material
First the activation processing of described linen fibre is carried out, next carries out the preliminary treatment of styrene monomer, then the linen fibre of activation processing is added reaction vessel, be warming up to reaction temperature, add initator and pretreated styrene monomer more successively, isothermal reaction terminates to polymerisation, finally uses water and absolute ethanol washing product respectively, is dried to constant weight and namely obtains described flax discarded object oil absorption material.
The activation processing of described linen fibre adopts low-temperature plasma activation technology, and its process pressure is 30-40Pa, and the processing time is 70-90s, and treatment media is air.
The preliminary treatment of described styrene monomer comprises the following steps: be placed on by styrene monomer in separatory funnel, with the sodium hydroxide solution washing of 5%, then washs till water layer is neutrality with distilled water, collects the styrene monomer drying after washing and remove moisture.
The volume ratio of described styrene and sodium hydroxide solution is (1-2): (5-10).
The linen fibre of described activation processing, the mass ratio of pretreated styrene monomer are 1:(2-4).
Described initator is benzoyl peroxide.
Described reaction temperature is 70-80 DEG C.
(3) a non-woven asphalt felt, is characterized in that, is at least made up of above-mentioned flax discarded object oil absorption material and polyster fibre; Its preparation method comprises the following steps: mixed with polyster fibre by above-mentioned flax discarded object oil absorption material, and make fiber web through opening, carding process successively; Making non-weaving cloth by described fiber web feeding needing machine through reinforcing, namely obtaining described non-woven asphalt felt.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
(1) with flax discarded object for oil absorption material prepared by raw material, formed resource recycling, solve flax waste material waste problem; And flax discarded object is with low cost, wide material sources, biodegradable, can not secondary pollution be caused; Simultaneously, linen fibre longitudinally has a large amount of vertical line, specific area is large, can form capillary effect, and can provide a large amount of oil spaces, Tibetan, but there is great amount of hydroxy group in its molecular structure, there is very high hydrophily, through the oil absorption material that lipophile of the present invention is modified, there is higher oleophilic drainage performance, efficiently, fast can adsorb greasy dirt, realize with the object of useless pollution treatment.
(2) preparation method of flax discarded object oil absorption material of the present invention adopts the method for graft phenylethene.Introduce lipophilic group by graft phenylethene, improve the oleophilic drainage performance of oil absorption material, can better oil in adsorbed oil aqueous mixtures.And before modification Cement Composite Treated by Plasma is carried out to flax, both improve grafting efficiency, in turn increase the surface area of fiber.By the oil absorption material that the method is made, oil suction multiplying power is greater than 20g/g, and oil suction saturation time is less than 20min.
(3) oil absorption material of the present invention is made non-woven asphalt felt further, can adsorb in the industry and reclaim waste oil.When preparing non-woven asphalt felt, considering that the fibre strength of flax discarded object is lower, being mixed into a small amount of polyster fibre in the feed to improve the intensity of non-woven asphalt felt, having reached the object repeatedly used.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1: preparation one grows flax discarded object oil absorption material and the non-woven asphalt felt be made up of it
(1) preparation method of the present embodiment flax discarded object oil absorption material, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, the preliminary treatment of flax discarded object
Flax discarded object exists mainly with textile-like, yam-like, threadiness, first flax discarded object is disinfected through cleaning, oven dry, ultraviolet radiation successively, then be cut into short flax that 10-20mm is long, and utilize the abundant shredding of carding machine to be linen fibre.
Step 2, preparation flax discarded object oil absorption material
1) activation processing of linen fibre.Adopt low temperature plasma instrument to carry out activation processing to linen fibre, its process pressure is 30Pa, and the processing time is 90s, and treatment media is air.
2) preliminary treatment of styrene monomer.10ml styrene monomer is placed in separatory funnel, divides 3 washings with the sodium hydroxide solution of 50ml 5%, then wash till water layer is neutrality with distilled water, collect the styrene monomer after washing dry 2 hours again.
3) linen fibre graft modification.250ml n-octyl alcohol is added in the four-hole boiling flask that mechanical agitator, reflux condensing tube and thermometer are housed, the linen fibre of 1g activation processing is added wherein, be warming up to 70 DEG C and after being incubated 10min, add 0.10g benzoyl peroxide initator and the pretreated styrene monomer of 2g more successively, 70 DEG C of isothermal reaction 2h terminate to polymerisation, use 60 DEG C of hot water and absolute ethanol washing product more respectively, each washing 4 times, is finally placed in drying box and at 60 DEG C of temperature, is dried to constant weight namely obtains this flax discarded object oil absorption material.
(2) preparation method of the non-woven asphalt felt of the present embodiment is: mixed with 30kg polyster fibre by above-mentioned for the 70kg flax discarded object oil absorption material prepared, and make fiber web through opening, carding process successively; Fiber web is fed in needing machine and make non-weaving cloth through reinforcing, namely obtain this non-woven asphalt felt.
(3) to non-woven asphalt felt reference " the ASTM D95-2005 oil product determination of moisture way of distillation " prepared by the present embodiment, the water absorption m after its absorption oily waste water is measured, according to formula
calculate oil suction multiplying power.Wherein: Q is oil suction multiplying power, g/g; W
0for adsorbing front sample mass, g; W
1for adsorbing the quality of rear sample, g; M is water absorption, g.
After testing, the oil suction multiplying power of this non-woven asphalt felt is 20.8g/g, and oil suction saturation time is 15min, and recycling the 5th oil suction multiplying power is 74.5% of oil suction first.
Embodiment 2: the non-woven asphalt felt prepared another kind of flax discarded object oil absorption material and be made up of it
(1) preparation method of the present embodiment flax discarded object oil absorption material, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, the preliminary treatment of flax discarded object
Flax discarded object exists mainly with textile-like, yam-like, threadiness, first flax discarded object is disinfected through cleaning, oven dry, ultraviolet radiation successively, then be cut into short flax that 10-20mm is long, and utilize the abundant shredding of carding machine to be linen fibre.
Step 2, preparation flax discarded object oil absorption material
1) activation processing of linen fibre.Adopt low temperature plasma instrument to carry out activation processing to linen fibre, its process pressure is 40Pa, and the processing time is 70s, and treatment media is air.
2) preliminary treatment of styrene monomer.10ml styrene monomer is placed in separatory funnel, divides 3 washings with the sodium hydroxide solution of 100ml 5%, then wash till water layer is neutrality with distilled water, collect the styrene monomer after washing dry 4 hours again.
3) linen fibre graft modification.250ml n-octyl alcohol is added in the four-hole boiling flask that mechanical agitator, reflux condensing tube and thermometer are housed, the linen fibre of 1g activation processing is added wherein, be warming up to 70 DEG C and after being incubated 10min, add 0.14g benzoyl peroxide initator and the pretreated styrene monomer of 4g more successively, 70 DEG C of isothermal reaction 4h terminate to polymerisation, use 60 DEG C of hot water and absolute ethanol washing product more respectively, each washing 4 times, is finally placed in drying box and at 60 DEG C of temperature, is dried to constant weight namely obtains this flax discarded object oil absorption material.
(2) preparation method of the non-woven asphalt felt of the present embodiment is: mixed with 10kg polyster fibre by above-mentioned for the 90kg flax discarded object oil absorption material prepared, and make fiber web through opening, carding process successively; Fiber web is fed in needing machine and make non-weaving cloth through reinforcing, namely obtain this non-woven asphalt felt.
(3) detection method is with embodiment 1.After testing, the oil suction multiplying power of this non-woven asphalt felt is 24.9g/g, and oil suction saturation time is 15min, and recycling the 5th oil suction multiplying power is 77.2% of oil suction first.
Embodiment 3: the non-woven asphalt felt prepared another kind of flax discarded object oil absorption material and be made up of it
(1) preparation method of the present embodiment flax discarded object oil absorption material, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, the preliminary treatment of flax discarded object
Flax discarded object exists mainly with textile-like, yam-like, threadiness, first flax discarded object is disinfected through cleaning, oven dry, ultraviolet radiation successively, then be cut into short flax that 10-20mm is long, and utilize the abundant shredding of carding machine to be linen fibre.
Step 2, preparation flax discarded object oil absorption material
1) activation processing of linen fibre.Adopt low temperature plasma instrument to carry out activation processing to linen fibre, its process pressure is 40Pa, and the processing time is 70s, and treatment media is air.
2) preliminary treatment of styrene monomer.20ml styrene monomer is placed in separatory funnel, divides 3 washings with the sodium hydroxide solution of 50ml 5%, then wash till water layer is neutrality with distilled water, collect the styrene monomer after washing dry 4 hours again.
3) linen fibre graft modification.250ml n-octyl alcohol is added in the four-hole boiling flask that mechanical agitator, reflux condensing tube and thermometer are housed, the linen fibre of 1g activation processing is added wherein, be warming up to 80 DEG C and after being incubated 10min, add 0.12g benzoyl peroxide initator and the pretreated styrene monomer of 3g more successively, 80 DEG C of isothermal reaction 4h terminate to polymerisation, use 60 DEG C of hot water and absolute ethanol washing product more respectively, each washing 4 times, is finally placed in drying box and at 60 DEG C of temperature, is dried to constant weight namely obtains this flax discarded object oil absorption material.
(2) preparation method of the non-woven asphalt felt of the present embodiment is: mixed with 20kg polyster fibre by above-mentioned for the 80kg flax discarded object oil absorption material prepared, and make fiber web through opening, carding process successively; Fiber web is fed in needing machine and make non-weaving cloth through reinforcing, namely obtain this non-woven asphalt felt.
(3) detection method is with embodiment 1.After testing, the oil suction multiplying power of this non-woven asphalt felt is 24.2g/g, and oil suction saturation time is 15min, and recycling the 5th oil suction multiplying power is 76.9% of oil suction first.
More than the present invention describe just part case study on implementation, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention.Above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is schematic, is not restrictive.Every employing materials and methods of the present invention, do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, all concrete expansions all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one to grow flax discarded object oil absorption material, it is characterized in that, described flax discarded object oil absorption material comprises the linen fibre of oleophylic modification, and described linen fibre is from flax discarded object.
2. flax discarded object oil absorption material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the linen fibre of described oleophylic modification is the linen fibre of graft phenylethene.
3. a preparation method growing flax discarded object oil absorption material, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the preliminary treatment of flax discarded object
Disinfected through cleaning, oven dry, ultraviolet radiation successively by flax discarded object, then being cut also fully shredding is linen fibre;
Step 2, preparation flax discarded object oil absorption material
First described linen fibre activation processing is carried out, next carries out the preliminary treatment of styrene monomer, then the linen fibre of activation processing is added reaction vessel, be warming up to reaction temperature, add initator and pretreated styrene monomer more successively, isothermal reaction terminates to polymerisation, finally uses water and absolute ethanol washing product respectively, is dried to constant weight and namely obtains described flax discarded object oil absorption material.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, linen fibre activation processing described in step 2 adopts low-temperature plasma activation technology, and its process pressure is 30-40Pa, and the processing time is 70-90s, and treatment media is air.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described in step 2, the preliminary treatment of styrene monomer comprises the following steps: be placed on by styrene monomer in separatory funnel, with the sodium hydroxide solution washing that mass concentration is 5%, then wash till water layer is neutrality with distilled water, finally collect the styrene monomer drying after washing and remove moisture.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the linen fibre of described activation processing, the mass ratio of pretreated styrene monomer are 1:2 ~ 1:4.
7. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described initator is benzoyl peroxide.
8. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described reaction temperature is 70-80 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the volume ratio of described styrene monomer and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:5 ~ 1:10.
10. a non-woven asphalt felt, is characterized in that, is at least made up of flax discarded object oil absorption material according to claim 1 and polyster fibre; Its preparation method comprises the following steps: mixed with polyster fibre by above-mentioned flax discarded object oil absorption material, and make fiber web through opening, carding process successively; Making non-weaving cloth by described fiber web feeding needing machine through reinforcing, namely obtaining described non-woven asphalt felt.
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| CN201510134108.4A CN104746329B (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Caulis et Folium Lini garbage oil absorption material and preparation method thereof and non-woven asphalt felt |
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| CN201510134108.4A CN104746329B (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Caulis et Folium Lini garbage oil absorption material and preparation method thereof and non-woven asphalt felt |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108297516A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-20 | 重庆鸿净环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type asphalt felt and preparation method thereof |
| CN108297517A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-20 | 重庆鸿净环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of light-weight environment-friendly type asphalt felt |
| CN108842444A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-20 | 芜湖市创源新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of water process composite fibrofelt |
| CN110180518A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-30 | 郭军峰 | A kind of adsorbent and preparation method thereof for clearing up oil slick polluted river |
| CN110835805A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-25 | 安徽工程大学 | Oil absorption material and preparation method and application of non-woven fabric thereof |
| CN113117655A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 泗阳联欣塑业有限公司 | High-molecular modified composite oil absorption material with high oil retention rate and manufacturing process thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110180518A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-30 | 郭军峰 | A kind of adsorbent and preparation method thereof for clearing up oil slick polluted river |
| CN110835805A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-25 | 安徽工程大学 | Oil absorption material and preparation method and application of non-woven fabric thereof |
| CN113117655A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 泗阳联欣塑业有限公司 | High-molecular modified composite oil absorption material with high oil retention rate and manufacturing process thereof |
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