CN104744185B - A kind of gas generant composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of gas generant composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of gas generant composition, its raw material composition includes fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal organic salt and azotetrazole non-metal salt, by adding rare earth metal organic salt and azotetrazole non-metal salt component in fuel and oxidant, so that the decomposition temperature of fuel shifts to an earlier date, promote fuel to decompose, improve burn rate and gas production；And the azotetrazole nonmetallic ingredient produces a large amount of gases after being reacted with oxide, strengthen ignitability, improve burn rate, reduce combustion temperature.Gas generant composition of the present invention will not produce residue while being effectively improved ignitability, reducing ignition temperature, and gas producing efficiency is high, and gas production is big, and burn rate is fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas generant composition and preparation method thereof, belong to the technical field of gas-forming agent.
Background technology
With the enhancing that people's road safety is realized, automobile air-bag system is as one of standard configuration of automobile.
Automobile air-bag system belongs to passive security field, when automobile is collided in operation, is sent out in air bag gas
Gas-forming agent in raw device can be initiated and produce a large amount of gases so that air-bag deployment and the shape between automobile and passenger
Into a safety curtain, protection passenger from or reduce and injured caused by inertia.Therefore, for the gas in gas generator
Propellant just needs have following performance：（1）Ignitability is good, and aerogenesis is rapid, and completely burned reaches maximum pressure in several ms
Power；（2）Gas componant safety, can suppress the generation of the bad air composition such as oxynitrides, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, substantially
Nontoxic non-corrosiveness, to personnel and equipment does not injure and damage；（3）Stability is good, should have the heat endurance more than 160 DEG C
With the inflation performance stability of more than 15 years；（4）Combustion temperature is low, avoids burning out airbag and scald passenger；（5）Few smog, few residue.
Wherein, guanidine gas-forming agent, it is cheap because raw material sources are extensive, stable performance, it is able in automotive safety gas
Widely used in bag system.Guanidine compound belongs to endothermic decomposition in itself, and catching fire, difficult, burn rate is slow, gas production rate is slow, is used alone
Do not reach the performance requirement of air bag, thus need to add perchlorate in practical application to strengthen flammability, lifting combustion
Speed and gas production rate, but the use of perchlorate so that ignition temperature increases considerably, so as to easily produce a large amount of corrosivity
The pernicious gas such as gas chlorination hydrogen and oxynitrides, causes damage to human body and equipment.
In order to solve this problem, Chinese patent literature CN101990526A discloses a kind of gas generant composition,
It includes following component：10-60 mass % fuel, 20-70 mass % oxidant and 1-20 mass % cooling agent, wherein
One kind in tetrazole compound, guanidine compound, compound in triazine class, nitro aminated compounds of above-mentioned fuel or its is several
Kind mixing；One kind in basic metal nitrate, nitrate, ammonium nitrate, perchlorate, chlorate of above-mentioned oxidant or its
Mixing；One in double salt of the above-mentioned cooling agent selected from metal hydroxides, metal carbonate, metal oxalate and above-claimed cpd
Kind or its mixing.In above-mentioned gas propellant composition, by adding cooling agent component and particle diameter by optimizing cooling agent
Distribution, is also minimized its ignition temperature, avoids producing a large amount of corruption while gas generant composition ignitability is improved
The pernicious gas such as corrosion gas chlorination hydrogen and oxynitrides, however, due to a large amount of uses of above-mentioned cooling agent, add residue
Amount, reduces gas producing efficiency.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are gas generant compositions of the prior art by adding cooling agent
Component also causes level of residue to increase while improving ignitability and reducing ignition temperature, and gas producing efficiency reduces, so as to provide one
Gas generant composition that kind is not required to addition cooling agent and perchlorate, ignitability are good, ignition temperature is low and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of gas generant composition, it uses the following raw material component to form：
Fuel, 25-55 parts by weight；
Oxidant, 30-60 parts by weight；
Rare earth metal organic salt, 0.1-5 parts by weight；
Azotetrazole non-metal salt, 1-10 parts by weight；
Adhesive, 0.1-5 parts by weight.
Further, described gas generant composition, it uses the following raw material component to form：
Fuel, 26-46 parts by weight；
Oxidant, 45-58 parts by weight；
Rare earth metal organic salt, 1-3 parts by weight；
Azotetrazole non-metal salt, 2-7 parts by weight；
Adhesive, 1-3 parts by weight.
The fuel is one or more of mixing in guanidine nitrate, amino guanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidinium nitrate, guanidine carbonate
Thing.
The oxidant is subnitrate.
The subnitrate be basic copper nitrate, alkali formula zinc nitrate, alkali formula ferric nitrate, one kind in alkali formula manganese nitrate or
Several mixtures.
The rare earth metal organic salt is organic cerium salt.
The organic cerium salt is cerium oxalate and/or ethylene glycol cerium.
The azotetrazole non-metal salt is azotetrazole guanidinesalt, azotetrazole ammonium salt, azotetrazole aminoguanidinium salts, azo
One or more of mixtures in tetrazolium triamido guanidinesalt.
This described azotetrazole guanidinesalt is azotetrazole bisguanides.
Described adhesive is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethyl-cellulose potassium salt, carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium, Methyl cellulose
One or more of mixtures in element, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polysiloxane rubber.
Also include the slag forming agent of 1-5 parts by weight.
The slag forming agent is the one or more in aluminum oxide, silica, kaolin, molybdenum oxide, bentonite, diatomite
Mixture.
A kind of method for preparing described gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：According to above-mentioned parts by weight point
The fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal organic salt, azotetrazole non-metal salt are not taken, are well mixed, are added above-mentioned parts by weight
Adhesive, it is granulated, dries through wet mixing, being molded and produce.
A kind of method for preparing described gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：According to above-mentioned parts by weight point
The fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal organic salt, azotetrazole non-metal salt and slag forming agent are not taken, is well mixed, and are added above-mentioned
The adhesive of parts by weight, it is granulated, dries through wet mixing, being molded and produce.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
（1）Gas generant composition of the present invention, its raw material composition, which includes fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal, to be had
Machine salt and azotetrazole non-metal salt, by fuel and oxidant add rare earth metal organic salt and azotetrazole it is nonmetallic
Salt component, so that the decomposition temperature of fuel shifts to an earlier date, promote fuel to decompose, improve burn rate and gas production；And the azo
Tetrazolium nonmetallic ingredient produces a large amount of gases after being reacted with oxide, strengthens ignitability, improves burn rate, reduces combustion temperature；Than
Gas generant composition of the prior art is improving ignitability and is reducing the same of ignition temperature by adding cooling agent component
When also level of residue is increased, gas producing efficiency reduces, and gas generant composition of the present invention passes through in fuel and oxidation
Rare earth metal organic salt and azotetrazole nonmetallic ingredient are added in thing, while being effectively improved ignitability, reduce ignition temperature
It is less to produce residue, gas producing efficiency is high, and gas production is big, and burn rate is fast.
（2）Gas generant composition of the present invention, the preferred basic metal nitrate of oxidant, performance are steady
Fixed, combustion temperature is low, can reduce aerogenesis temperature, and then effectively avoids the generation of pernicious gas product oxynitrides.
（3）Gas generant composition of the present invention, the rare earth metal organic salt is preferably cerium oxalate, this be by
Ce elements in cerium oxalate have unique 4f orbital electron Structural assignments, have empty electron orbit, can provide organic contain
Electron transfer orbital when nitrogen compound decomposition is reacted, promote the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic compound, improve burn rate；Cerium oxalate is made simultaneously
For metal organic salt, there is certain phosphorus content, produce carbon dioxide after burning, improve gas production, will not because of addition catalyst and
Gas producing efficiency is reduced, will not also produce pernicious gas；In addition, oxalates is decomposed into ceria, ceria tool in high temperature
There is very strong oxygen storage capacity, can further promote transformation of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
（4）Gas generant composition of the present invention, the azotetrazole non-metal salt are preferably azotetrazole two
Guanidinesalt, it belongs to high-nitrogen energetic materials, and sensitivity is low, nonhygroscopic, nitrogen content more than 78%, can be produced with oxide reaction a large amount of
Gas, while flammability is good, combustion temperature is low；It can shift to an earlier date the heat decomposition temperature of guanidine gas-forming agent, significantly increase guanidine
The ignitability of gas-forming agent, burn rate is improved, increase gas production, reduce ignition temperature, reduce the toxic gases such as oxynitrides
Generation.
Brief description of the drawings
In order that present disclosure is more likely to be clearly understood, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is made further detailed
Thin explanation, wherein,
Fig. 1 is that gas with various propellant composition sample carries out the pressure-time curve figure after pressure vessel evaluation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 44g；
Oxidant basic copper nitrate, 47g；
Cerium oxalate, 3g；
Azotetrazole bisguanides, 2g；
Silica, 1g；
Adhesive polyethylene glycol, 2g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
The guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate, azotetrazole bisguanides and titanium dioxide are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight
Silicon, it is well mixed, adds adhesive polyethylene glycol, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produces.
Embodiment 2
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 40g；
Oxidant basic copper nitrate, 50g；
Cerium oxalate, 1g；
Azotetrazole ammonium, 7g；
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
The guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate and azotetrazole ammonium are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight, are well mixed,
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Embodiment 3
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 42g；
Basic copper nitrate, 46g；
Cerium oxalate, 2g；
Azotetrazole bisguanides, 5g；
Slag forming agent is aluminum oxide and kaolinic mixture, wherein aluminum oxide 3g, kaolin 1g；
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
According to above-mentioned weight take respectively the guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate, azotetrazole bisguanides, aluminum oxide and
Kaolin, it is well mixed, adds adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produces.
Embodiment 4
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel amino guanidine nitrate, 55g；
Oxidant alkali formula ferric nitrate, 30g；
Ethylene glycol cerium, 5g；
Azotetrazole aminoguanidine, 1g；
Adhesive polyethylene glycol, 5g；
Slag forming agent is aluminum oxide and kaolinic mixture, wherein aluminum oxide 2g, kaolin 3g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
According to above-mentioned weight take respectively the amino guanidine nitrate, alkali formula ferric nitrate, ethylene glycol cerium, azotetrazole aminoguanidine,
Aluminum oxide and kaolin, it is well mixed, adds adhesive polyethylene glycol, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produces.
Embodiment 5
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel triaminoguanidinium nitrate, 25g；
Oxidant alkali formula manganese nitrate and basic copper nitrate are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 60g；
Cerium oxalate, 0.1g；
Azotetrazole bisguanides and azotetrazole triaminoguanidine are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 10g；
Adhesive is carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium, 0.1g
Slag forming agent is silica, molybdenum oxide, bentonite, diatomite with mass ratio 1:1:1:The mixture of 1 composition, 1g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
Triaminoguanidinium nitrate, alkali formula manganese nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate, azo four are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight
Azoles bisguanides, azotetrazole triaminoguanidine, silica, molybdenum oxide, bentonite and diatomite, it is well mixed, adds adhesive carboxylic
Methylcellulose ammonium, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Embodiment 6
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate and guanidine carbonate with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 46g；
Oxidant alkali formula zinc nitrate and basic copper nitrate are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 45g；
Cerium oxalate and ethylene glycol cerium are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 3g；
Azotetrazole guanidine and azotetrazole triaminoguanidine are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 2g；
Adhesive is methylcellulose, 3g
Slag forming agent is silica, bentonite, diatomite with mass ratio 1:1:The mixture of 1 composition, 1g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
Guanidine nitrate, guanidine carbonate, alkali formula zinc nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate, ethylene glycol are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight
Cerium, azotetrazole guanidine, azotetrazole triaminoguanidine, silica, bentonite and diatomite, it is well mixed, adds adhesive first
Base cellulose, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Embodiment 7
Gas generant composition described in the present embodiment, formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate and guanidine carbonate with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 26g；
Oxidant alkali formula zinc nitrate and basic copper nitrate are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 58g；
Cerium oxalate and ethylene glycol cerium are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 1g；
Azotetrazole guanidine and azotetrazole triaminoguanidine are with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 7g；
Adhesive is methylcellulose, 1g
Slag forming agent is silica, bentonite, diatomite with mass ratio 1:1:The mixture of 1 composition, 5g.
The preparation method of the gas generant composition, it comprises the following steps：
Guanidine nitrate, guanidine carbonate, alkali formula zinc nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cerium oxalate, ethylene glycol are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight
Cerium, azotetrazole guanidine, azotetrazole triaminoguanidine, silica, bentonite and diatomite, it is well mixed, adds adhesive first
Base cellulose, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of gas generant composition, is formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 56g；
Basic copper nitrate, 35g；
Potassium hyperchlorate, 5g；
Slag forming agent is aluminum oxide and kaolinic mixture, wherein aluminum oxide 2g, kaolin 1g；
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1g.
The preparation method of above-mentioned gas propellant composition, it comprises the following steps：
The guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, potassium hyperchlorate, aluminum oxide and kaolin are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight, are mixed
Uniformly, adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of gas generant composition, is formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 40g；
Oxidant is basic copper nitrate and potassium hyperchlorate with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 40g；
Cooling agent is aluminium hydroxide and calcium carbonate with mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 composition, 15g；
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2g.
The preparation method of above-mentioned gas propellant composition, it comprises the following steps：
The guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, potassium hyperchlorate, aluminium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight, are mixed
Close uniformly, add adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of gas generant composition, is formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel guanidine nitrate, 52g；
Basic copper nitrate, 38g；
Potassium hyperchlorate, 4g；
Slag forming agent is aluminum oxide and kaolinic mixture, wherein aluminum oxide 3g, kaolin 2g；
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1g.
The preparation method of above-mentioned gas propellant composition, it comprises the following steps：
Guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, potassium hyperchlorate, aluminum oxide and kaolin are taken respectively according to above-mentioned weight, are well mixed,
Adhesive sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, through being granulated, 60 DEG C of dryings, tablettings produce.
Test case
Embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-3 the gas generant composition sample being prepared are numbered as A-F successively
And G-I, above-mentioned A-F samples are respectively charged into gas generator afterwards, expansion of being lighted a fire in 60L pressure volume pots, collection such as Fig. 1
Shown pressure-time curve, record reach the time Tpmax of maximum pressure, ignition delay time TTFG and maximum pressure
Pmax。
The evaluation result of pressure vessel is as shown in table 1.
The pressure vessel evaluation result of table 1- gas with various propellant composition samples
| Project | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
| Explosive payload/g | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| TTFG/ms | 4 | 3.5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3.3 | 4 | 6 | 4 |
| Tpmax/ms | 60 | 55 | 50 | 54 | 52 | 58 | 83ms | 85ms | 80ms |
| Pmax/Kpa | 182 | 187 | 195 | 185 | 192 | 190 | 178 | 170 | 185 |
As a result show：Gas generant composition of the present invention（Sample A-F）, due to adding in fuel and oxide
Add rare earth metal organic salt and azotetrazole nonmetallic ingredient, igniting expansion is carried out in identical pressure volume pot, it reaches
The time Tpmax of maximum pressure is considerably less than sample G, H, I that prior art is prepared, while its ignition delay time TTFG
Shorter, maximum pressure Pmax is higher, shows that its gas production is larger, so as to illustrate that gas generant composition of the present invention can
It is effectively improved that ignitability, gas generant composition gas producing efficiency are high, gas production is big, burn rate is fast.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of gas generant composition, it is characterised in that formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel, 25-55 parts by weight；
Oxidant, 30-60 parts by weight；
Rare earth metal organic salt, 0.1-5 parts by weight；
Azotetrazole non-metal salt, 1-10 parts by weight；
Adhesive, 0.1-5 parts by weight.
2. gas generant composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that formed using the following raw material component：
Fuel, 26-46 parts by weight；
Oxidant, 45-58 parts by weight；
Rare earth metal organic salt, 1-3 parts by weight；
Azotetrazole non-metal salt, 2-7 parts by weight；
Adhesive, 1-3 parts by weight.
3. gas generant composition according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the fuel is guanidine nitrate, nitric acid
One or more of mixtures in aminoguanidine, triaminoguanidinium nitrate, guanidine carbonate.
4. gas generant composition according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the oxidant is subnitrate.
5. gas generant composition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the subnitrate is alkali formula nitric acid
One or more of mixtures in copper, alkali formula zinc nitrate, alkali formula ferric nitrate, alkali formula manganese nitrate.
6. according to the gas generant composition described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, it is characterised in that the rare earth metal is organic
Salt is organic cerium salt.
7. gas generant composition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the organic cerium salt be cerium oxalate and/
Or ethylene glycol cerium.
8. gas generant composition according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the azotetrazole non-metal salt is even
It is one or more of mixed in nitrogen tetrazolium guanidinesalt, azotetrazole ammonium salt, azotetrazole aminoguanidinium salts, azotetrazole triamido guanidinesalt
Compound.
9. gas generant composition according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the azotetrazole guanidinesalt is azo four
Azoles bisguanides.
10. according to any described gas generant compositions of claim 7-9, it is characterised in that described adhesive is carboxylic first
It is base sodium cellulosate, carboxymethyl-cellulose potassium salt, carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium, methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-
One or more of mixtures in ethylene glycol, polysiloxane rubber.
11. gas generant composition according to claim 10, it is characterised in that also include the slagging of 1-5 parts by weight
Agent.
12. gas generant composition according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the slag forming agent is aluminum oxide, two
One or more of mixtures in silica, kaolin, molybdenum oxide, bentonite, diatomite.
13. a kind of method for preparing any described gas generant compositions of claim 1-10, it comprises the following steps：Press
The fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal organic salt, azotetrazole non-metal salt are taken respectively according to above-mentioned parts by weight, are well mixed, are added
Enter the adhesive of above-mentioned parts by weight, be granulated, dry through wet mixing, being molded and produce.
14. a kind of method for preparing the gas generant composition described in claim 11 or 12, it comprises the following steps：According to
Above-mentioned parts by weight take the fuel, oxidant, rare earth metal organic salt, azotetrazole non-metal salt and slag forming agent respectively, mixing
Uniformly, the adhesive of above-mentioned parts by weight is added, is granulated, dries through wet mixing, being molded and produce.
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| CN107151193B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-10-12 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of pyrotechnics medicament preparation based on low burn temperature carrier |
| FR3061174B1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-05-31 | Airbus Safran Launchers Sas | SOLID PYROTECHNIC OBJECTS GENERATORS OF GAS |
| CN115894138A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-04-04 | 南京理工大学 | Method for recycling waste copper nitrate containing guanidine alkali and application |
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| CN1145615A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1997-03-19 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generator compsn. |
| WO2000029355A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generator composition |
| CN1556782A (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-12-22 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generant composition |
| CN1863696A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2006-11-15 | 日本化药株式会社 | Gas producer |
| CN101554520A (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2009-10-14 | 胡永华 | Steam hot aerosol fire-extinguishing composite and application method and fire extinguishing device thereof |
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| CN1145615A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1997-03-19 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generator compsn. |
| WO2000029355A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generator composition |
| CN1556782A (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-12-22 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generant composition |
| CN1863696A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2006-11-15 | 日本化药株式会社 | Gas producer |
| CN101554520A (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2009-10-14 | 胡永华 | Steam hot aerosol fire-extinguishing composite and application method and fire extinguishing device thereof |
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