CN104734451A - Hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor - Google Patents
Hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104734451A CN104734451A CN201510035547.XA CN201510035547A CN104734451A CN 104734451 A CN104734451 A CN 104734451A CN 201510035547 A CN201510035547 A CN 201510035547A CN 104734451 A CN104734451 A CN 104734451A
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- fan motor
- sensorless
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- current
- sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/06—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
- H02K29/12—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using detecting coils using the machine windings as detecting coil
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor. The hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor solves the problems that a direct-current brush fan motor is large in frication and loss, high in maintenance cost, large in heat emission, short in service life, low in efficiency and small in output power, and also solves the problems that a position sensor direct-current brushless fan motor is high in cost, large in size, complex in structure and difficult to miniaturize, an output signal of a Hall position sensor is prone to interference and a control circuit is complex. The hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor is used for overcoming the defects of the direct-current brush fan motor and the defects of the direct-current brushless fan motor. To overcome the defects of the prior art, a hollow cup structure which has excellent energy-saving characteristics, flexible control characteristics and stable operation characteristics is adopted; as an efficient energy conversion device, the hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor represents the development direction of motors; a position-sensorless control mode is adopted in a fan motor driving circuit. The cost is lowered, the size of the fan motor is reduced, the interference resistance is high, the process difficulty in production of the fan motor is lowered, and a control circuit is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC fan, this fan motor adopts drag cup iron-core-free structure, is a kind of DC brushless fan motor of position-sensor-free.Be used on the radiator fan for local heat radiations such as vehicle-mounted integrated equipment, office equipment, finance device, communication network device, household electrical appliance.
Background technology
Existing DC fan, main adopt the principle exploitation of DC brush and brush DC, produce, what motor structure adopted is conventional iron core motor structure, but existing DC fan exists a lot of shortcoming:
One, the fan motor shortcoming of DC brush:
1, friction is large, and loss is large, maintenance cost is high
After fan motor runs a period of time, the severity of carbon brush abrasion, needs the carbon brush of periodic cleaning motor, safeguards trouble.
2, heating is large, and the life-span is short
The contact resistance of brush and commutator is very large, and cause whole motor resistance comparatively large, easily generate heat, and permanent magnet is temperature-sensitive element, if temperature is too high, magnet steel can demagnetize, and motor performance is declined, and affects the life-span of brush motor.
3, efficiency is low, and power output is little
Brush motor heating problem is largely that largely transform in order to heat energy so electric energy has, so the power output of brush motor is low, efficiency is not high yet because current work is on motor internal resistance.
4, noise is large
Two, the shortcoming of DC brushless fan motor
1, the volume of motor is increased.After having installed hall position sensor, the mechanism of fan motor is complicated,
Electric machine structure has complicated on the one hand, and the volume of motor has become greatly comparatively speaking on the other hand, hampers the miniaturization of motor;
2, control circuit is complicated; Add motor cost.
3, the output signal of transducer is vulnerable to interference.The output signal of transducer is all weak electric signal, under high temperature, freezing, high humidity, the operational environment such as have corrosive deposit, air dirty and the condition of work such as vibration, high-speed cruising, all can reduce the reliability of transducer.Affect the reliability of fan motor.
4, the installation accuracy of transducer requires higher, adds the difficulty of production technology, makes technique become complicated.
Three, DC fan in the past, uses cored structure, and core material uses and also makes that the volume of fan electromotor increases, weight increase.Thus add the loss of fan motor mechanical energy; Fan motor is had magnetic damping and the iron loss of core material, adds motor driving power, iron loss pyrotoxin, motor energy is incurred loss, make motor become not energy-conservation.
Along with power electronic technology, the development such as various emerging sophisticated electronics, instrument, portable set, market requires also to improve constantly to fan motor.The shortcoming of DC brush and brushless fan motor shortcoming is also outstanding day by day.And drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor overcomes the defect of position sensor brushless DC fan and brush motor.Make it have more reliable energy conservation characteristic, control characteristic, drag characteristics, thus motor life is extended.And make the structure of fan electromotor become and become less with simple, volume, cost is reduced.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome prior art weak point, the invention discloses a kind of drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor.Solve the problems such as the friction of DC brush fan motor is large, loss is large, maintenance cost is high, heating is large, the life-span is short, efficiency is low, power output is little; Solve the problems such as DC brushless fan motor cost is high, volume large, complex structure, difficult output signal that is miniaturized, hall position sensor are vulnerable to interference, control circuit is complicated.
The invention discloses a kind of drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor to be made up of following component:
1 casing; 2 oiliness bearings; 3 impellers; 4 axles; 5 magnet steel yoke plates; 6 magnet steel; 7 impeller packing rings 8, coil yoke plate
9 then plates; 10 coil windings; 11 drive circuit PCBA; 12 axles are by plate; 13 pads; 14 screws; 15 collars
Appearance of the present invention is exactly for the purpose of the defect solving DC brush and DC brushless fan motor.In order to overcome the defect of prior art, have employed following scheme and addressing the deficiencies of the prior art:
1. fan motor structure have employed the drag cup structure with outstanding energy conservation characteristic, sensitive control characteristic and stable operation characteristic, eliminates iron core, as high efficiency energy conversion device, represents the developing direction of motor.
The main feature of drag cup technology:
1. energy conservation characteristic: energy conversion efficiency is very high, its maximal efficiency is generally more than 70%, and portioned product can reach more than 90% (iron core motors is generally 70%).
2. control characteristic: start, brake rapidly, response is exceedingly fast, and mechanical time constant is less than 28 milliseconds, (iron core fan motor is generally more than 100 milliseconds); Under the state that runs up in recommendation operation area, sensitive adjustment can be carried out to rotating speed easily.
3. drag characteristics: operation stability is very reliable, and the fluctuation of rotating speed is very little, and in addition, the energy density of drag cup fan motor increases substantially, and same weight/power ratio, volume alleviate 1/3.
2. fan motor drive circuit have employed position Sensorless Control mode.Reduce cost, reduce the volume of fan motor; Antijamming capability is strong; Reduce the technology difficulty that fan motor is produced; Control circuit is simple.
The principle of position Sensorless Control mode:
Position Sensorless Control mode refers to directly does not install rotor-position sensor, but in fan motor operation process, the rotor-position signal controlling motor commutation still needs, and the present invention utilizes Based on Back-EMF Method exactly, rotor-position signal is obtained by detecting winding back emf (Back Electromotive Force, hereinafter referred to as Back-EMF).In brushless DC fan, the normally positive and negative alternation of back-emf of winding, when the back-emf zero passage of certain phase winding, rotor d-axis just and this phase winding dead in line, as long as the zero crossing of each opposite potential therefore detected, just can know several key positions of rotor, thus save rotor-position sensor, realize brushless DC motor without position sensor and control.This is current most widely used method for controlling position-less sensor.
Present invention employs Texas Instrument (TI) chip DRV11873 three-phase brushless DC motor without position sensor driver is core, designs the drive circuit of fan motor.Utilize the principle of position Sensorless Control mode, Based on Back-EMF Method obtains rotor-position signal, thus saves rotor-position sensor, realizes brushless DC motor without position sensor and controls
The major advantage of the fan motor of position Sensorless Control mode:
1. reduce costs, reduce the volume of motor;
2. antijamming capability is strong, can at high temperature, high humidity, have in the environment of corrosive deposit, air dirt and work;
3. without the problem that transducer is installed, the technology difficulty of fan is reduced.
Compared with prior art, the present invention applies to drag cup technology, Sensorless Control Technique in DC fan, and by the appropriate design of DC fan, make the drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor that the present invention relates to have more outstanding energy conservation characteristic, control characteristic and stable operation characteristic; And there is extremely strong antijamming capability; Thus extend the life-span of motor.Cost, the production technology of enforcement reduction fan motor of the present invention become simple; Reduce the volume of motor, have the portable instrument of strict demand to space and weight, equipment provides excellent Cooling Solution.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor installation diagram
Fig. 2 is coil windings schematic diagram coil windings can be that in Fig. 2, A is trapezoidal, B is circular, C is square
Fig. 3 is position-sensor-free wind motor drive IC frame principle
Fig. 4 is drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor drive principle figure
Fig. 5 is 8 coil yoke plates; 9 then plates; 10 coil windings; The drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor stator assembly that 11 drive circuit PCBA form.There is provided actuating force for fan motor rotates, the start/stop of fan motor, rotating speed, direction etc. can be controlled; And obtain rotor-position signal by Based on Back-EMF Method.
Embodiment
[embodiment 1] is below by embodiment, and the coil windings of A shape, Fig. 4 are that the present invention is further described for drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor drive principle figure by reference to the accompanying drawings 1, in Fig. 2.
[embodiment 1]
1, the coil windings of A shape in Fig. 2, according to A shape processing in Fig. 2,
2,3 impellers; 4 axles; The impeller assembly of 5 magnet steel yoke plate compositions, 6 magnet steel are bonded on impeller assembly; 7 impeller packing rings press-in impeller assemblies axle root, through magnetizing, dynamic balancing regulate after, composition rotor.
3,8 coil yoke plates; 9 then plate 2PCS; 10 coil windings; 11 drive circuit PCBA form stator module; Each stator module installs three coil windings, the center angle of each coil windings 120 °, the magnetic field center of each coil windings center line and magnet steel overlaps.Ensure that energy conversion efficiency reaches maximization.As shown in Figure 5.
4,2 oiliness bearings are pressed into 1 casing; Again stator module is loaded 1 casing, and fix with 14 screws, rotor is inserted in 2 oiliness bearing centre bores, blocks upper 15 collars, prevent rotor from coming off.Finally putting 12 axles of 13 pads well by plate, snapping in 1 casing and just completing a drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor as shown in Figure 1.
Specific embodiment described herein is only illustrate the present invention.Those skilled in the art can to described specific embodiment, makes various amendment or supplements or adopt similar mode to substitute, but can't depart from the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (2)
1. casing; Oiliness bearing; Impeller; Axle; Magnet steel yoke plate; Magnet steel; Impeller packing ring, coil yoke plate then plate; Coil windings; Drive circuit PCBA; Axle is by plate; Pad; Screw; The drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor that collar is formed; The DC brushless fan motor of drag cup technology, Sensorless Control Technique processing is adopted in [embodiment 1], and to improve fan motor energy conservation characteristic, control characteristic, drag characteristics, for the purpose of extending the fan motor life-span.And make the structure of DC brushless fan motor become with simple, volume becomes less, cost is reduced, manufacturing process becomes, simple drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor.
2. have employed claim 1 hollow core cup technology, Sensorless Control Technique, the drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor processed according to the structure of accompanying drawing 1; Coil windings more than 3 or 3, any type of change can be made according to actual requirement in shape, the position of coil windings; Adopt three-phase brushless DC motor without position sensor driver beyond Texas Instrument (TI), and to improve fan motor energy conservation characteristic, control characteristic, drag characteristics, extend for the purpose of the fan motor life-span, and make the structure of DC brushless fan motor become with simple, volume becomes less, cost is reduced, manufacturing process becomes simple drag cup position-sensor-free three-phase dc fan motor.Also spirit essence according to the invention.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510035547.XA CN104734451A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510035547.XA CN104734451A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104734451A true CN104734451A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510035547.XA Pending CN104734451A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Hollow cup position-sensorless three-phase direct-current fan motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108233659A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 客瓦垒石（上海）机械设备有限公司 | Novel hollow cup position-sensor-free DC fan |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4361776A (en) * | 1979-07-11 | 1982-11-30 | Sony Corporation | Coil assembly for flat brushless motor |
| US4757222A (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1988-07-12 | Shicoh Engineering Co., Ltd. | 1-phase energized disk-type brushless motor |
| US5233275A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-08-03 | Micropolis Corporation | Simplified sensorless DC motor commutation control circuit using analog timing techniques |
| KR940002365B1 (en) * | 1991-11-09 | 1994-03-23 | 삼성전기 주식회사 | Formation method of pattern for magnetic detection of brushless motor |
| JP2004025064A (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Sony Corp | Vibration generation device and electronic equipment |
| JP2004174296A (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-24 | Tokyo Parts Ind Co Ltd | Axial gap type brushless vibration motor having sensor-less drive circuit built therein |
| US20070040462A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Tadao Yamaguchi | Stator and axial-gap brushless vibration motor incorporating the stator |
| CN102055392A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-11 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Sensorless line back electromotive force (EMF) position detection method of brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) |
-
2015
- 2015-01-23 CN CN201510035547.XA patent/CN104734451A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4361776A (en) * | 1979-07-11 | 1982-11-30 | Sony Corporation | Coil assembly for flat brushless motor |
| US4757222A (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1988-07-12 | Shicoh Engineering Co., Ltd. | 1-phase energized disk-type brushless motor |
| US5233275A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-08-03 | Micropolis Corporation | Simplified sensorless DC motor commutation control circuit using analog timing techniques |
| KR940002365B1 (en) * | 1991-11-09 | 1994-03-23 | 삼성전기 주식회사 | Formation method of pattern for magnetic detection of brushless motor |
| JP2004025064A (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Sony Corp | Vibration generation device and electronic equipment |
| JP2004174296A (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-24 | Tokyo Parts Ind Co Ltd | Axial gap type brushless vibration motor having sensor-less drive circuit built therein |
| US20070040462A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Tadao Yamaguchi | Stator and axial-gap brushless vibration motor incorporating the stator |
| CN102055392A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-11 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Sensorless line back electromotive force (EMF) position detection method of brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 德州仪器TI: "《DRV11873芯片技术资料》", 30 November 2014 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108233659A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 客瓦垒石（上海）机械设备有限公司 | Novel hollow cup position-sensor-free DC fan |
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| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Sub-this wind turbine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. next Document name: the First Notification of an Office Action |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150624 |
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