CN104730518B - A kind of method in the RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting - Google Patents
A kind of method in the RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104730518B CN104730518B CN201510145148.9A CN201510145148A CN104730518B CN 104730518 B CN104730518 B CN 104730518B CN 201510145148 A CN201510145148 A CN 201510145148A CN 104730518 B CN104730518 B CN 104730518B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9064—Inverse SAR [ISAR]
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method in the RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting, by estimating radar beam and ground relative velocity, the doppler spectral that sea dynamic causes is extracted from the doppler spectral of SAR signals, then Gauss curve fitting is carried out to the doppler spectral, determine whether there is the interference of non-linear shortwave scattering component, if existing, filter non-linear shortwave scattering component, the actual doppler centroid of Bragg ripples is tried to achieve in weighting, then the theoretical Doppler center of Bragg ripples is deducted, ask for the flow velocity in corresponding measuring unit, so as to obtain the Flow Field Distribution in entirely tested marine site.Present invention effectively removes the interference components of non-linear shortwave, avoid the decline of inversion accuracy under high sea situation, the present invention need not additionally aid in ocean model or data simultaneously, method is simple effectively and present invention can apply to the Data processing of SAR received by existing single-shot list, it is to avoid increase spaceborne or carried SAR system complexity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method in RADOP Power estimation sea flow field, it is adaptable to spaceborne or airbome synthetic aperture
The marine information inverting field of radar (SAR), be based primarily upon Gauss curve fitting from radar signal doppler spectral estimate high sea situation when sea
Surface current field distribution.
Background technology
Spaceborne or carried SAR signal doppler spectral contains the letter such as scattering properties and kinetic characteristic of moving target
Breath.Sea information of flow can be extracted using the Doppler frequency shift amount of SAR oceanographic observation data.The situation of identical sea flow velocity
Under, general meeting could more accurate flow field inversion result using higher frequency band (more than C-band) SAR.
During SAR observation oceans, the energy of its SAR echo signal derives from the linear shortwave scattering component in sea (Bragg ripples)
With sea specular scattering component (large scale ripple).SAR echo signal obtain sea doppler velocity except radar beam relatively
Outside face movement speed, actually various wave current speed are (such as surface flow field speed, Bragg phases velocity of wave, large scale wave trajectory speed
Degree etc.) vector, the process of inverting surface flow field seeks to reject radar beam in the doppler velocity obtained from SAR relative
The orbital velocity of ground movement speed, Bragg phases velocity of wave and large scale ripple, so that obtain surface flow field.Nearest sea reality
Border observation shows that SAR sea returns signal also has portion of energy to come from the non-linear shortwave scattering in sea, this portion under high sea situation
Point non-linear shortwave phase velocity is not removed from doppler velocity, is caused under high sea situation under the precision of inverting sea flow field velocity
Drop.So, a kind of method suitable for inverting sea flow field under high sea situation of exploitation just seems and is extremely necessary.
The entitled sides for measuring sea flow field radial velocity based on straight rail interference SAR of Chinese patent CN201310352793
Method, the method obtain the interferometric phase of three kinds of different interference times using the three width antennas arranged in straight rail direction, obtain accurately
Sea flow field radial velocity.The patent be applied to single-shot more receive SAR systems, it is impossible to promote single-shot list receipts SAR systems.China
The acquisition methods of the entitled ocean surface layer flow field of patent CN200410036470, the sea area top layer radial flow that radar single station is gathered
Fast U1 and the difference of sea area top layer radial flow speed U2 obtained with POM ocean models, the three-dimensional ocean current substituted in POM models are moved
Mechanics governing equation is iterated optimization until obtaining optimum flow field, and the patent is higher to the required precision of ocean model, and this
Patent has essence different in roadmap and method.Chinese patent CN201310673951 is entitled a kind of high based on single station boat-carrying
The surface flow measuring method of frequency ground wave radar, is obtained on each probe unit using Space Time combined spectrum method of estimation and spectrum search
Positive and negative single order Bragg spectrum peak positions are surveyed, and asks for the radial flow speed on corresponding probe unit；And United States Patent (USP) 4509048
The method and apparatus that a kind of △ K of entitled SAR measure sea flow field, the two patents are in being applied in the case of low sea situation,
The impact of non-linear shortwave phase velocity stream field inversion accuracy is not accounted for, processing accuracy is significantly weaker.
At present, China relies primarily on bank base, shipborne radar and determines sea flow field, and spaceborne or carried SAR possesses round-the-clock, complete
Weather observing capacity, can obtain sea information of flow on a large scale, be the field data that China accumulates substantial amounts of sea ocean current.Special
Other for high sea situation when, it would be highly desirable to design a kind of method of high accuracy SAR inverting Sea Current, it is to avoid conventional method is in inverting
Precision is greatly lowered.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of suitable in the case of high sea situation
The method in SAR invertings sea flow field, it is to avoid under traditional measurement flow field method high sea situation inversion accuracy decline, to ocean model according to
Lai Du is higher, deficiency that is increasing SAR system complexity.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of method in the RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting is as follows including step：
(1) SAR echo signal S in measurement marine site is obtained0(τ, η), row distance compression of going forward side by side are processed, and obtaining SAR signals is
Src(τ, η), wherein τ are distance to the time, and η is the orientation time；
(2) any one distance is calculated to time τ0With orientation time η0, corresponding doppler spectral；
Concrete calculation is as follows：Obtain respective distances door R (τ0) the one-dimensional time-domain signal S of SARrc(τ0, η), in η0-T/2
And η0To one-dimensional time-domain signal S in the range of+T/2rc(τ0, η) and orientation Fourier transformation is carried out, so as to obtain as τ0And η0Corresponding
Doppler spectral D0(τ0,fη), wherein T is sea coherence time, fηFor orientation Doppler frequency；
(3) according to radar motion track and observation geometry, η is calculated0The speed of moment radar beam is inswept earth surface
Vref, the Doppler frequency shift f that SAR is caused is estimated with ground relative motionref, and doppler spectral is carried out frequency spectrum shift, gone
Except platform moves the doppler spectral D after affecting1(τ0,fη)=D0(τ0,fη-fref)；
(4) D obtained by step (3)1(τ0,fη) carry out Gaussian function fitting；
(5) the Gaussian function fitting result obtained according to step (4) designs bandpass filter, high frequency spectral peak is filtered, is obtained
Doppler spectral D to after the doppler spectral component of the non-linear shortwave of removal2(τ0,fη)；
(6) estimating Doppler spectrum D2(τ0,fη) in the actual how general spectrum of the Bragg ripples in positive frequency area or negative frequency area
Heart f1；
(7) according to sea wave theory, corresponding phase velocity V of Bragg wave motions is calculatedbrg, then without Bragg during flow field
Crest theory of correspondences doppler spectral center is
(8) R (τ are calculated0) and η0The corresponding sea flow velocity V in placeC(τ0,η0)；
(9) change distance to time τ and orientation time η, repeat above step (1)～(8), measurement sea can be obtained
The Flow Field Distribution information of domain two-dimensional space.
Doppler frequency shift f in step (3)refFor：
Wherein, θ and λ is radar incidence angle and wavelength.
Corresponding sea flow velocity V in step (8)C(τ0,η0) calculation as follows：
Gaussian function fitting step in step (4) is as follows：
If simple spectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, in positive frequency area or negative frequency area using single Gaussian function
Number form formula carries out curve fitting；
If bispectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, double gauss letter is adopted in positive frequency area or negative frequency area
Number stacking pattern carries out curve fitting.
The present invention having the beneficial effect that compared with prior art：
(1) present invention is improve under high sea conditions using spaceborne or carried SAR inverting sea flow field precision, the technology
First than traditional SAR invertings flow field technology for, eliminate the interference components of non-linear shortwave, it is to avoid inversion accuracy under high sea situation
Decline, improve signal transacting precision and obtain information accuracy.
(2) present invention does not need extra submodel or data, realizes that difficulty is low；Theoretical modeling is not adopted in this method
Or the method for by other means measurement, but by the method for Gauss curve fitting, effectively remove in HFS non-linear short
The doppler spectral component of ripple, method are simply effectively easily achieved, and do not increase that refutation process is uncertain and amount of calculation, versatility compared with
By force, greatly save cost and improve efficiency.
(3) Data processing that can be applied in existing single-shot list receipts SAR of the invention, and the system for not increasing existing SAR
Complexity, with certain real generalization, in domestic and international leading position.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the operation principle and the course of work of the present invention are made into explanation：
SAR echo signal obtain sea doppler spectral can the various wave current phenomenons in inverting sea dynamic characteristic, wherein many
General Le speed is surface flow field speed, linear shortwave (Bragg ripples) phase velocity, large scale wave trajectory speed, non-linear shortwave phase
In radar illumination direction sum, especially under high sea situation, non-linear shortwave phase velocity contribution rate increases speed, so inverting table
The interference for considering to remove that nonlinear scatter component causes is needed in surface current field.The present invention is by estimating radar beam with respect to ground
Movement velocity, extracts, from the doppler spectral of SAR signals, the doppler spectral that sea dynamic causes, then the doppler spectral is carried out
Gauss curve fitting, determines whether there is the interference of non-linear shortwave scattering component.If it does, filtering non-linear shortwave scattering and big chi
The spectral component of degree scattering of wave, weighting try to achieve the actual doppler centroid of Bragg ripples, and the theory for then deducting Bragg ripples is more
Pu Le centers, ask for the flow velocity in corresponding measuring unit, so as to obtain the Flow Field Distribution in entirely tested marine site.
Such as Fig. 1, the present invention is comprised the following steps that：
(1) SAR echo signal S in measurement marine site is obtained0(τ, η), row distance compression of going forward side by side are processed, and obtaining SAR signals is
Src(τ, η), wherein τ are distance to the time, and η is the orientation time；
(2) any one distance is calculated to time τ0With orientation time η0, corresponding doppler spectral；
Concrete calculation is as follows：Obtain respective distances door R (τ0) the one-dimensional time-domain signal S of SARrc(τ0, η), in η0-T/2
And η0To one-dimensional time-domain signal S in the range of+T/2rc(τ0, η) and orientation Fourier transformation is carried out, so as to obtain as τ0And η0Corresponding
Doppler spectral D0(τ0,fη), wherein T is sea coherence time, fηFor Doppler frequency in orientation；
(3) according to radar motion trace information and observation geometry, η is calculated0Moment radar beam is inswept earth surface
Speed Vref, the Doppler frequency shift that SAR is caused is estimated with ground relative motionWherein, θ and λ is SAR's
Incidence angle and radar wavelength, and doppler spectral is carried out frequency spectrum shift, obtain removing the doppler spectral D after platform motion affects1
(τ0,fη)=D0(τ0,fη-fref)；
(4) D obtained by step (3)1(τ0,fη) carry out Gaussian function fitting；Gaussian function fitting step is as follows：
(4a) doppler spectral is divided into following several in the situation that positive frequency area or negative frequency area occur：
There is simple spectrum peak in positive frequency area or negative frequency area in doppler spectral, i.e., positive and negative Bragg spectral peaks when, show this
When wind speed relatively low；
In positive frequency area or negative frequency area, doppler spectral occurs that bispectrum peak (in addition to low frequency spectral peak, high frequency also occurs
Spectral peak), show that now wind speed is larger, in doppler spectral, there is non-linear shortwave scattering component interference；
(4b) according to the Doppler's spectral peak occurred in step (4a), the form of Gaussian function fitting is selected：
If simple spectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, in positive frequency area or negative frequency area using single Gaussian function
Number form formula carries out curve fitting；
If bispectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, double gauss letter is adopted in positive frequency area or negative frequency area
Number stacking pattern carries out curve fitting.
(5) the Gaussian function fitting result obtained according to step (4) designs bandpass filter, high frequency spectral peak is filtered, is obtained
Doppler spectral D to after the doppler spectral component of the non-linear shortwave of removal2(τ0,fη)；
(6) estimating Doppler spectrum D2(τ0,fη) in the actual how general spectrum of the Bragg ripples in positive frequency area or negative frequency area
Heart f1；
(7) according to sea wave theory, corresponding phase velocity V of Bragg wave motions is calculatedbrg, then without Bragg during flow field
Crest theory of correspondences doppler spectral center is
(8) R (τ are calculated0) and η0The corresponding sea flow velocity in place
(9) change distance to time τ and orientation time η, wherein the range information in spatially corresponding vertical courses of τ, η pair
Above step (1)～(8) should be repeated along the range information in course, the Flow Field Distribution for measuring marine site two-dimensional space can be obtained
Information.
The operation principle of the present invention is further explained with a specific embodiment below：
SAR signal forms, sea coherence time, the velocity estimation of radar beam is inswept earth surface, Gaussian function fitting,
Bragg wavelength and theory movement velocity estimation, and the undisclosed technology of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method in the RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
(1) SAR echo signal S in measurement marine site is obtained0(τ, η), row distance compression of going forward side by side are processed, and obtain SAR signals for Src(τ,
η), wherein τ is distance to the time, and η is the orientation time；
(2) any one distance is calculated to time τ0With orientation time η0, corresponding doppler spectral；
Concrete calculation is as follows：Obtain respective distances door R (τ0) the one-dimensional time-domain signal S of SARrc(τ0, η), in η0- T/2 and η0
To one-dimensional time-domain signal S in the range of+T/2rc(τ0, η) and orientation Fourier transformation is carried out, so as to obtain as τ0And η0Corresponding many
Pu Le composes D0(τ0,fη), wherein T is sea coherence time, fηFor orientation Doppler frequency；
(3) according to radar motion track and observation geometry, η is calculated0Speed V of moment radar beam is inswept earth surfaceref, estimate
The Doppler frequency shift f that meter SAR is caused with ground relative motionref, and doppler spectral is carried out frequency spectrum shift, obtain removing platform
Doppler spectral D after motion impact1(τ0,fη)=D0(τ0,fη-fref)；
(4) D obtained by step (3)1(τ0,fη) carry out Gaussian function fitting；
(5) the Gaussian function fitting result obtained according to step (4) designs bandpass filter, high frequency spectral peak is filtered, is gone
Except the doppler spectral D after the doppler spectral component of non-linear shortwave2(τ0,fη)；
(6) estimating Doppler spectrum D2(τ0,fη) positive frequency area or negative frequency area Bragg ripples actual doppler spectral center
Frequency f1；
(7) according to sea wave theory, corresponding phase velocity V of Bragg wave motions is calculatedbrg, then without Bragg crests during flow field
Theory of correspondences doppler spectral center isWherein, θ and λ is radar incidence angle and radar wavelength；
(8) R (τ are calculated0) and η0The corresponding sea flow velocity V in placeC(τ0,η0)；
(9) change distance to time τ and orientation time η, repeat above step (1)～(8), can obtain measuring marine site two
The Flow Field Distribution information of dimension space.
2. the method in a kind of RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by：Doppler frequency shift f in step (3)refFor：
Wherein, θ and λ is radar incidence angle and wavelength.
3. the method in a kind of RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by：Corresponding sea flow velocity V in step (8)C(τ0,η0) calculation as follows：
Wherein, θ and λ is radar incidence angle and wavelength.
4. the method in a kind of RADOP Power estimation sea flow field based on Gauss curve fitting according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by：Gaussian function fitting step in step (4) is as follows：
If simple spectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, in positive frequency area or negative frequency area using single Gaussian function number form
Formula carries out curve fitting；
If bispectrum peak occur in positive frequency area or negative frequency area, folded using double gauss function in positive frequency area or negative frequency area
Plus form carries out curve fitting.
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| CN105093220A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Method for measuring ocean surface flow speed by use of real aperture radar |
| CN105259537B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-12-26 | 武汉大学 | Doppler spectral center frequency estimation method based on frequency displacement iteration |
| CN105445711B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-08-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of sea key element SAR initial data emulation modes based on inverse Omega K algorithms |
| CN106844813A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of fiber track optimization method of perforate composite |
| CN106501804A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of method that utilization full-polarization SAR echo data parses sea wind wave spectra |
| CN110554377B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Single-channel SAR two-dimensional flow field inversion method and system based on Doppler center offset |
| CN110703255A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-17 | 天津大学 | Doppler radial velocity diagram simulation method of typical strong convection flow field |
| CN110823191B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-12-07 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Method and system for determining ocean current measurement performance of mixed baseline dual-antenna squint interference SAR |
| CN113532722B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2023-04-14 | 北京临近空间飞行器系统工程研究所 | Flight test pulsating pressure data-based double-spectrum analysis transition identification method |
| CN113687345B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-09-08 | 山东省科学院自动化研究所 | Doppler radar water flow velocity measurement method and device |
| CN114002666B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2024-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method and equipment for extracting satellite-borne ATI-SAR ocean current flow velocity under any antenna configuration |
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| CN1299124C (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2007-02-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Acquiring method of ocean surface layer flow field |
| CN103630903B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The method of flow field, sea radial velocity is measured based on straight rail interference SAR |
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