CN104727868A - Coal-based novel supercritical working medium multistage distribution reheat efficient power generation system - Google Patents
Coal-based novel supercritical working medium multistage distribution reheat efficient power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal-based novel supercritical working medium multistage distribution reheat efficient power generation system. The coal-based novel supercritical working medium multistage distribution reheat efficient power generation system comprises a multistage boiler reheat system, a multistage turbine power generation system, a multistage working medium distribution and recompression system and a multistage fume waste heat recovery system. The multistage working medium distribution and recompression system comprises a main compressor, multistage re-compressors, all stages of regenerators and pre-coolers, wherein the main compressor and the re-compressors are arranged in a distributed mode, and the regenerators and the pre-coolers are arranged on all distribution branches. By utilizing the system, a working medium is divided into multiple stages for respective compression, and heat is recovered through the multistage regenerators, and therefore the efficiency of all stages of compressors is improved. Meanwhile, as all the stages of regenerators can effectively adjust the flow ratio, the pinch point heat transfer deterioration effect of a traditional single-stage system is effectively avoided, and heat transfer efficiency is improved. The multistage fume waste heat recovery system utilizes system waste heat resources in a stepped mode and meanwhile heats a new working medium and combustion air, and therefore the utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced efficient power generation system technical field, be specifically related to a kind of coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system.
Background technique
Improve constantly eternal theme and target that generator set efficiency is power industry development.At present, the main steam temperature 600 DEG C of state-of-the-art ultra supercritical steam electric power unit in the world, reheat steam temperature 620 DEG C, generating efficiency brings up to present 44.5% from 39% of nineteen sixty.If wish to improve unit efficiency further, need vapor (steam) temperature to bring up to 700 DEG C.As far back as the nineties in last century, the developed country such as American-European-Japanese has just carried out correlative study in succession, but because financial cut, fixed investment are too high, the reasons such as crackle appear in the real stove hanging test of high-temperature component, the AD700 in Europe plans, U.S. A-USC plans and the advanced ultra supercritical power generation technology in China plan of Japan is all in succession cancelled or lies over, do not have substantial progress, current Jin You a few studies mechanism is also proceeding correlative study.Be obstructed advanced 700 DEG C of projects are heavy, when unclear prospect, develop a kind of efficiency power generation of Novel supercritical working medium that utilizes to circulate, substitute traditional steam Rankine cycle, when not increasing high-grade alloy material, improve the new direction that generator set efficiency becomes power industry future development gradually further.
It is large that Novel supercritical working medium (carbon dioxide, helium and nitrous oxide etc.) has energy density, and the innate advantages such as heat transfer efficiency is high, and system is simple, significantly can improve heat to power output efficiency, reduces equipment volume, have very high Economy.The brayton cycle generation technology of application Novel supercritical working medium has been public technology, details by fused salt heat exchanging and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide gas to construct as the device of power working medium as US Patent No. 7685820 " supercritical carbon dioxide concentrating solar power generation system device ".The Chinese patent 200710306179.3 and 200910175484.2 " groove type solar heat build-up electricity generating device " that has similar therewith adopts the multiple gases comprising carbon dioxide to do heat-transfer working medium.But total sees, the hot generation technology of current use Novel supercritical working medium brayton cycle is also only in the starting stage, existing patent majority is design for the initial concept of the new energy such as solar energy, systemic circulation efficiency general not high (mostly being less than 40%).For traditional fossil energy, particularly the practicality and high efficiency power generation system of coal fired power generation lacks especially, also needs a large amount of originality work, thus improves systemic circulation efficiency further.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the feature for coal fired power generation, a kind of Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system is proposed, substitute traditional steam generating system, under identical parameters, system heat to power output efficiency can be improved 3%-5%.The present invention takes the corrective measure of following novelty on the basis of standard overcritical working medium brayton cycle, thus substantially increases systemic circulation efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system, comprises boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem, turbine multilevel power generation system, working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system and smoke multistage residual neat recovering system; Working medium is split into two-part implements spatial scalable compression in working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system, a part directly enters in boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and is graded heating, working medium after heating generates electricity by doing work with turbine multilevel power generation system reciprocal, and the working medium finishing merit flows back to working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system; Another part enters smoke multistage residual neat recovering system and flue gas carries out heat exchange, and the working medium after heat exchange and the working medium directly entering boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem enter boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem after converging.
Described working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system comprises main compressor, overcritical working medium precooler, multistage recompression system and regenerator; After working medium is pressurizeed by main compressor, flow through the side of regenerator, enter boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem; The working medium entrance of regenerator opposite side is connected with turbine multilevel power generation system, sender property outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel is connected with multistage recompression system, and another road is connected with the entrance of overcritical working medium precooler, and the overcritical outlet of working medium precooler is connected with the entrance of main compressor; The sender property outlet of multistage recompression system is connected with smoke multistage residual neat recovering system.
Described regenerator comprises cryogenic regenerator and the high temperature regenerator of cascade successively, and multistage recompression system comprises one-level recompression machine and secondary recompression machine; The entrance of cryogenic regenerator side is connected with main compressor, and the outlet of high temperature regenerator side is connected with boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem; The entrance of high temperature regenerator opposite side is connected with turbine multilevel power generation system, outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel and secondary recompress machine and are connected, another road is connected with the entrance of cryogenic regenerator opposite side, the outlet of cryogenic regenerator opposite side is divided into two-way, one tunnel and one-level recompress machine and are connected, and another road is connected with the entrance of overcritical working medium precooler; One-level recompression machine is all connected with smoke multistage residual neat recovering system with the outlet of secondary recompression machine.
Described boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem comprises the multistage superheating system be arranged in overcritical working medium boiler, and multistage re-heating subsystem is evenly arranged between air coal powder entrance and smoke outlet along flue gas flow direction.
In described overcritical working medium boiler, superheating system and secondary re-heating subsystem are set, superheating system comprises low temperature superheater and high temperature superheater, secondary re-heating subsystem is divided into single reheat system and double reheat system, wherein single reheat system comprises a low-temperature reheater and a high temperature reheater, and double reheat system comprises secondary low-temperature reheater and secondary high-temperature reheater; To smoke outlet above burner hearth air coal powder entrance, flue gas flows through high temperature superheater successively, a high temperature reheater, secondary high-temperature reheater, secondary low-temperature reheater, a low-temperature reheater and low temperature superheater;
Low temperature superheater is arranged between high temperature superheater and smoke outlet; The entrance of low temperature superheater is connected with the sender property outlet of working medium multi-stage diffluence at compression system; Once high temperature reheater, secondary high-temperature reheater, secondary low-temperature reheater and a low-temperature reheater is set gradually between high temperature superheater and low temperature superheater; The turbine that the sender property outlet of high temperature superheater, a high temperature reheater and secondary high-temperature reheater is corresponding with turbine multilevel power generation system is respectively connected; The sender property outlet of corresponding turbine is connected on the working medium entrance of a low-temperature reheater and secondary low-temperature reheater; The outlet of low temperature superheater is connected with the entrance of high temperature superheater, and the outlet of a low-temperature reheater is connected with the entrance of a high temperature reheater, and the outlet of secondary low-temperature reheater is connected with the entrance of secondary high-temperature reheater.
Described turbine multilevel power generation system comprises the multistage turbine that split axle is arranged and the generator matched with it.
Described multistage turbine comprises low pressure turbine, intermediate pressure turbine, high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine generator matched with it respectively, intermediate pressure turbine generator and high pressure turbine generator; The sender property outlet of low pressure turbine is connected with the working medium entrance of working medium multi-stage diffluence at compression system; The sender property outlet of intermediate pressure turbine and high pressure turbine is connected on the corresponding working medium entrance of boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem respectively.
Described smoke multistage residual neat recovering system comprises point flow flue that boiler tail point level shunt is arranged, arranges multi-stage flue gas economizer and air preheater in point flow flue; The air outlet slit of air preheater is connected on air coal powder entrance; The working medium entrance of multi-stage flue gas economizer is connected with the sender property outlet of multistage recompression system, after the sender property outlet of multi-stage flue gas economizer and the sender property outlet of multistage regenerator converge, is connected on the working medium entrance of boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Utilize working medium multi-stage diffluence to recompress systematic working medium to be divided into and multistagely to compress respectively, and reclaim heat by multistage regenerator, improve the efficiency of each stage compressor, make regenerator at different levels can effective adjust flux ratio simultaneously, thus effectively prevent the folder point heat transfer deterioration effect of traditional single stage system, improve heat transfer efficiency; The multistage split axle of turbine power generation unit is arranged to coordinate with boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and is improve turbine power generation engine efficiency and circulating generation efficiency; Smoke multistage residual neat recovering system divides cascade utilization system waste heat resource, heated Biological process and combustion-supporting air simultaneously, meets burning and the thermal transmission requirement of New Cycle boiler, improves efficiency of energy utilization simultaneously.
Further, the present invention increases multi-stage diffluence system in working medium compression link, while raising compressor efficiency, can also effectively avoid heat exchanger to occur folder point heat transfer deterioration effect.
Further, the present invention takes multistage turbine split axle to arrange in turbine power generation link, makes turbine at different levels can optimize rotating speed targetedly, improves turbine power generation efficiency.
Further, the present invention takes multistage reheater to arrange in boiler heating link, coordinates, improves the inlet temperature of every grade of turbine, thus improve overall cycle efficiency with multistage turbine.
Further, the present invention is in the feature of heat recovery link for coal fired power generation and Closed Brayton Power Cycle, and classification effectively utilizes boiler afterheat to heat Biological process and combustion-supporting air, thus improves efficiency of energy utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 11 is low temperature superheater; 12 is a low-temperature reheater; 13 is secondary low-temperature reheater; 14 is secondary high-temperature reheater; 15 is a high temperature reheater; 16 is high temperature superheater; 21 is low pressure turbine; 22 is low pressure turbine allocation motor; 23 is intermediate pressure turbine; 24 is intermediate pressure turbine allocation motor; 25 is high pressure turbine; 26 is high pressure turbine allocation motor; 31 is high temperature regenerator; 32 is secondary recompression machine; 33 is cryogenic regenerator; 34 is one-level recompression machine; 35 is main compressor; 36 is overcritical working medium precooler; 41 is air preheater; 42 is secondary smoke economizer; 43 is one-level flue gas economizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail:
See Fig. 1, the present invention includes boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem, turbine multilevel power generation system, working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system and smoke multistage residual neat recovering system.Each multilevel system is more than two-stage or two-stage arrange, the present embodiment is two-stage.Boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem comprises overcritical working medium boiler, and boiler in arrange low temperature superheater and high temperature superheater, a low-temperature reheater and a high temperature reheater, secondary low-temperature reheater and secondary high-temperature reheater; Turbine multilevel power generation system comprises high pressure turbine and the auxiliary generator of split axle hierarchical arrangement, intermediate pressure turbine and auxiliary generator, low pressure turbine and auxiliary generator; Working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system comprises the main compressor of shunting hierarchical arrangement, and one-level recompression machine and secondary recompress the cryogenic regenerator on machine and each diverter branch, high temperature regenerator and overcritical working medium precooler; Smoke multistage residual neat recovering system comprises boiler tail three flue point level shunt and arranges, arranges one-level flue gas economizer respectively, secondary smoke economizer and air preheater in point flow flue.
Working procedure of the present invention:
In working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system, working medium is divided into three parts, wherein a part of working medium through overcritical working medium precooler 36 lower the temperature laggard enter after main compressor 35 boosts, enter respectively cryogenic regenerator 33 and high temperature regenerator 31 absorb acting after the waste heat of working medium reach the condition for import entering boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem; Second portion working medium without precooler main compressor, but after directly being boosted by one-level recompression machine 34, is heated by the one-level flue gas economizer 43 in smoke multistage residual neat recovering system and reaches the condition for import entering boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem; Part III working medium is heated by the secondary smoke economizer 42 in smoke multistage residual neat recovering system and reaches the condition for import entering boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem after then being boosted by secondary recompression machine 32.Enter after low temperature superheater 11 in boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and high temperature superheater 16 absorb heat successively after three part working medium mixing, enter high pressure turbine 25 expansion work in turbine multilevel power generation system and drive auxiliary generator 26 to generate electricity, working medium after acting returns after a low-temperature reheater 12 in boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and a high temperature reheater 15 reheat rated temperature again, the intermediate pressure turbine 23 entered in turbine multilevel power generation system continues expansion work and drives auxiliary generator 24 to generate electricity, return after secondary low-temperature reheater 13 in boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and secondary high-temperature reheater 14 be heated to rated temperature more afterwards again, enter low pressure turbine 21 expansion work in turbine multilevel power generation system and drive auxiliary generator 22 to generate electricity.Boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and the multistage split axle of turbine are arranged that power generation system cooperatively interacts and are made each equipment all be operated in the optimum state, substantially increase system effectiveness.
Working medium after generating enters working medium multi-stage diffluence and recompresses intrasystem high temperature regenerator 31 high-temperature residual heat is passed to Biological process, rear portion working medium shunted directly to enter after secondary recompression machine 32 boosts and reentered in the circulation of a new round.Another part working medium continues to enter cryogenic regenerator 33 and low temperature exhaust heat is passed to Biological process, afterwards again some working medium shunted directly enter one-level recompression machine 34 boost after reenter in new circulation.Remaining working medium enter precooler 36 waste heat is discharged to cooling medium laggard enter main compressor 35 start new circulation.Working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system makes each compressor operating in most effective operating mode, is conducive to regenerator at different levels and precooler reasonable adjusting flow-rate ratio simultaneously, avoids occurring folder point heat transfer deterioration effect.
Boiler tail flue gas is divided into three parts by smoke multistage residual neat recovering system, wherein two-part flow through one-level flue gas economizer 43 and secondary smoke economizer 42 respectively, be used for heating and recompress Biological process that 32 machines send here to meet the requirement of boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem intake condition through one-level recompression machine 34 and secondary respectively, a part flows through air preheater 41 in addition, is used for heating combustion-supporting air thus reaching the requirement of boiler normal combustion and Heat Transfer in Furnace.Smoke multistage residual neat recovering system divides cascade utilization system waste heat resource, heated Biological process and combustion-supporting air simultaneously, improves efficiency of energy utilization.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technological scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system, is characterized in that: comprise boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem, turbine multilevel power generation system, working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system and smoke multistage residual neat recovering system; Working medium is split into two-part implements spatial scalable compression in working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system, a part directly enters in boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem and is graded heating, working medium after heating generates electricity by doing work with turbine multilevel power generation system reciprocal, and the working medium finishing merit flows back to working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system; Another part enters smoke multistage residual neat recovering system and flue gas carries out heat exchange, and the working medium after heat exchange and the working medium directly entering boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem enter boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem after converging.
2. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described working medium multi-stage diffluence recompression system comprises main compressor (35), overcritical working medium precooler (36), multistage recompression system and regenerator; Working medium flows through the side of regenerator, enters boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem after being pressurizeed by main compressor (35); The working medium entrance of regenerator opposite side is connected with turbine multilevel power generation system, sender property outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel is connected with multistage recompression system, another road is connected with the entrance of overcritical working medium precooler (36), and the outlet of overcritical working medium precooler (36) is connected with the entrance of main compressor (35); The sender property outlet of multistage recompression system is connected with smoke multistage residual neat recovering system.
3. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described regenerator comprises cryogenic regenerator (33) and the high temperature regenerator (31) of cascade successively, multistage recompression system comprises one-level recompression machine (34) and secondary recompression machine (32); The entrance of cryogenic regenerator (33) side is connected with main compressor, and the outlet of high temperature regenerator (31) side is connected with boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem; The entrance of high temperature regenerator (31) opposite side is connected with turbine multilevel power generation system, outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel and secondary recompress machine (32) and are connected, another road is connected with the entrance of cryogenic regenerator (33) opposite side, the outlet of cryogenic regenerator (33) opposite side is divided into two-way, one tunnel and one-level recompress machine (34) and are connected, and another road is connected with the entrance of overcritical working medium precooler (36); One-level recompression machine (34) is all connected with smoke multistage residual neat recovering system with the outlet of secondary recompression machine (32).
4. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem comprises the multistage superheating system be arranged in overcritical working medium boiler, and multistage re-heating subsystem is evenly arranged between air coal powder entrance and smoke outlet along flue gas flow direction.
5. the coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: in described overcritical working medium boiler, superheating system and secondary re-heating subsystem are set, superheating system comprises low temperature superheater (11) and high temperature superheater (16), secondary re-heating subsystem is divided into single reheat system and double reheat system, wherein single reheat system comprises a low-temperature reheater (12) and a high temperature reheater (15), double reheat system comprises secondary low-temperature reheater (13) and secondary high-temperature reheater (14), to smoke outlet above burner hearth air coal powder entrance, flue gas flows through high temperature superheater (16) successively, a high temperature reheater (15), secondary high-temperature reheater (14), secondary low-temperature reheater (13), a low-temperature reheater (12) and low temperature superheater (11),
Low temperature superheater (11) is arranged between high temperature superheater (16) and smoke outlet; The entrance of low temperature superheater (11) is connected with the sender property outlet of working medium multi-stage diffluence at compression system; Once high temperature reheater (15), secondary high-temperature reheater (14), secondary low-temperature reheater (13) and a low-temperature reheater (12) is set gradually between high temperature superheater (16) and low temperature superheater (11); The turbine that the sender property outlet of high temperature superheater (16), a high temperature reheater (15) and secondary high-temperature reheater (14) is corresponding with turbine multilevel power generation system is respectively connected; The sender property outlet of corresponding turbine is connected on the working medium entrance of a low-temperature reheater (12) and secondary low-temperature reheater (13); The outlet of low temperature superheater (11) is connected with the entrance of high temperature superheater (16), the outlet of a low-temperature reheater (12) is connected with the entrance of a high temperature reheater (15), and the outlet of secondary low-temperature reheater (13) is connected with the entrance of secondary high-temperature reheater (14).
6. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: described turbine multilevel power generation system comprises the multistage turbine that split axle is arranged and the generator matched with it.
7. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described multistage turbine comprises low pressure turbine (21), intermediate pressure turbine (23), high pressure turbine (25) and the low pressure turbine generator (22) matched with it respectively, intermediate pressure turbine generator (24) and high pressure turbine generator (26); The sender property outlet of low pressure turbine (21) is connected with the working medium entrance of working medium multi-stage diffluence at compression system; The sender property outlet of intermediate pressure turbine (23) and high pressure turbine (25) is connected on the corresponding working medium entrance of boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem respectively.
8. coal-based Novel supercritical working medium multi-stage diffluence reheat type efficient power generation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described smoke multistage residual neat recovering system comprises point flow flue that boiler tail point level shunt is arranged, arranges multi-stage flue gas economizer and air preheater (41) in point flow flue; The air outlet slit of air preheater (41) is connected on air coal powder entrance; The working medium entrance of multi-stage flue gas economizer is connected with the sender property outlet of multistage recompression system, after the sender property outlet of multi-stage flue gas economizer and the sender property outlet of multistage regenerator converge, is connected on the working medium entrance of boiler multilevel re-heating subsystem.
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