CN106870037A - A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton Cycle system - Google Patents
A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton Cycle system Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了属于电站节能领域的一种超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统，该循环系统主要由锅炉炉膛受热面、锅炉尾部受热面、空气预热器、锅炉尾部烟道、循环工质旁路管道、高温回热器、中温回热器、低温回热器、工质透平、高温压气机、间冷压气机和冷却器组成。通过将锅炉炉膛受热面重新布置，设置高温回热器旁路、从而匹配新设计的超临界二氧化碳循环换热需求；提高了循环效率；提高了低温烟气利用性能；改善空气预热器吸热量分配，优化到基本与燃煤蒸汽循环中对应空气预热器的设计换热量相同；采用间冷压缩技术，提高了循环效率，优化了冷却器的换热区间，使之与水冷系统匹配。此外该系统结构简单，运行效率高，在工程上有较好的应用前景。
The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system belonging to the field of power station energy saving. The cycle system mainly consists of a boiler furnace heating surface, a boiler tail heating surface, an air preheater, a boiler tail flue, and a circulating working medium bypass pipe. , high temperature regenerator, medium temperature regenerator, low temperature regenerator, working medium turbine, high temperature compressor, intercooling compressor and cooler. By rearranging the heating surface of the boiler furnace and setting the high-temperature regenerator bypass to match the newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle heat exchange requirements; improve the cycle efficiency; improve the utilization performance of low-temperature flue gas; improve the heat absorption of the air preheater The volume distribution is optimized to be basically the same as the design heat transfer capacity of the corresponding air preheater in the coal-fired steam cycle; the intercooling compression technology is used to improve the cycle efficiency and optimize the heat transfer interval of the cooler to match the water cooling system . In addition, the system is simple in structure, high in operating efficiency, and has good application prospects in engineering.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电站节能领域，特别涉及一种超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统The invention belongs to the field of power station energy saving, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system
背景技术Background technique
超临界二氧化碳(S-CO2)布雷顿循环是以处于超临界状态的二氧化碳(临界压力7.38MPa，临界温度31.05℃)为工质，采用布雷顿循环原理实现能量转换的一种循环方式。The supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) Brayton cycle is a cycle mode in which carbon dioxide in a supercritical state (critical pressure 7.38MPa, critical temperature 31.05°C) is used as the working medium, and the principle of Brayton cycle is used to realize energy conversion.
采用超临界流体作为循环工质，是为了利用流体在超临界点附近的高密度、低黏性等优势，降低压气机耗功、提高循环效率。而且超临界二氧化碳具有无毒、储量丰富、成本低、性能稳定、密度大、临界温度和压力相对低等特点，被认为最佳循环工质之一。当前大规模使用的蒸汽动力循环相比，超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环高温(一般高于400℃)下的能量转换效率更高，且其系统紧凑，设备体积小(涡轮系统和冷却设备的体积仅相当于蒸汽系统对应设备体积的十分之一)，易于模块化建设，具备良好的潜在经济性；与常规气体布雷顿循环相比，其压缩过程参数位于工质临界点附近的特点使得压缩功耗显著降低，循环效率明显提高。The use of supercritical fluid as the circulating working medium is to take advantage of the advantages of high density and low viscosity of the fluid near the supercritical point to reduce the power consumption of the compressor and improve the cycle efficiency. Moreover, supercritical carbon dioxide has the characteristics of non-toxicity, abundant reserves, low cost, stable performance, high density, relatively low critical temperature and pressure, and is considered one of the best circulating working fluids. Compared with the steam power cycle currently used on a large scale, the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle has higher energy conversion efficiency at high temperature (generally higher than 400°C), and its system is compact and the equipment volume is small (the volume of the turbine system and cooling equipment is only It is equivalent to one tenth of the corresponding equipment volume of the steam system), which is easy to be modularized and has good potential economy; compared with the conventional gas Brayton cycle, its compression process parameters are located near the critical point of the working medium, making the compression work The consumption is significantly reduced and the cycle efficiency is significantly improved.
超临界二氧化碳在二十世纪六十年代被提出作为动力循的工质，然而当时由于技术限制，没有得到普遍应用。近年来，随着技术水平的提高，超临界二氧化碳在核反应堆方面的应用得到了国内外学者及研究机构的广泛关注和研究，其与塔式太阳能吸热器结合也广泛开展，然而对于目前占据最主要发电方式的燃煤锅炉，超临界二氧化碳在其中的应用却发展较为缓慢。Supercritical carbon dioxide was proposed as a working fluid in the power cycle in the 1960s, but it was not widely used due to technical limitations at that time. In recent years, with the improvement of technology level, the application of supercritical carbon dioxide in nuclear reactors has been widely concerned and researched by scholars and research institutions at home and abroad, and its combination with tower solar heat absorbers has also been widely carried out. Coal-fired boilers are the main power generation methods, but the application of supercritical carbon dioxide in them develops relatively slowly.
大型火电机组的节能减排是中国的重要能源战略。为适应电力市场的快速发展和节能减排的巨大压力，我们迫切需要寻找新的途径来提高电厂的效率，这已成为各电厂日益重视的课题。Energy conservation and emission reduction of large thermal power units is an important energy strategy in China. In order to adapt to the rapid development of the electricity market and the huge pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction, we urgently need to find new ways to improve the efficiency of power plants, which has become a topic that every power plant pays more and more attention to.
本发明提出了一种一种新型超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统，它是一种新的适用于传统火电机组的循环系统，其核心设计思想在于：使用超临界二氧化碳作为循环工质。在这个循环中，将锅炉炉膛受热面重新布置，从而匹配新设计的超临界二氧化碳循环换热需求；设置高温回热器旁路，从而优化了高温换热器换热特性，减少了换热器冷热端温差；提高了低温烟气利用性能；改善空气预热器吸热量分配，使之与同类系统相比，优化到基本与燃煤蒸汽循环中对应空气预热器的设计换热量相同；采用间冷压缩，提高了系统循环效率，优化了冷却器的换热区间，使之与水冷系统匹配。整个新型超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统不仅保证了超临界二氧化碳循环的系统效率，而且提升了锅炉的运行效率，且该系统结构简单，不需要多次再热，在工程上有较好的应用前景，是一种适合于传统燃煤电站的节能减排新技术。The present invention proposes a novel supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system, which is a new cycle system suitable for traditional thermal power units, and its core design idea is to use supercritical carbon dioxide as a cycle working medium. In this cycle, the heating surface of the boiler furnace is rearranged to match the heat exchange requirements of the newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle; the bypass of the high-temperature regenerator is set to optimize the heat transfer characteristics of the high-temperature heat exchanger and reduce the number of heat exchangers. The temperature difference between the hot and cold ends; the low-temperature flue gas utilization performance is improved; the heat absorption distribution of the air preheater is improved, so that compared with similar systems, it is basically optimized to the design heat transfer of the corresponding air preheater in the coal-fired steam cycle The same; the use of intercooling compression improves the cycle efficiency of the system and optimizes the heat exchange area of the cooler to match the water cooling system. The whole new supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system not only ensures the system efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, but also improves the operating efficiency of the boiler, and the system has a simple structure, does not require multiple reheating, and has a good application prospect in engineering , is a new technology for energy saving and emission reduction suitable for traditional coal-fired power plants.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提出了一种超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统，其特征在于：对锅炉炉膛受热面进行重新设计，在锅炉尾部烟道中依次布置锅炉尾部受热面4和空气预热器3；锅炉炉膛受热面1出口与工质透平5入口相连，工质透平5出口与高温回热器6连接，高温回热器6与中温回热器7相连，中温回热器7与低温回热器8相连，低温回热器8出口分别与高温压气机9和第一凝汽器12相连，高温压气机9出口与中温回热器7和低温回热器8之间通过管路15连接，在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间通过管路14连接，在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间的管路14上再连接高温回热器旁路16，高温回热器旁路16经过锅炉尾部受热面4与高温回热器6出口一同汇入到锅炉炉膛受热面1；第一凝汽器12出口与第一间冷压气机10相连，第一间冷压气机10出口与第二凝汽器13相连，第二凝汽器13出口与第二间冷压气机11相连，第二间冷压气机11出口与低温回热器8相连。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system, which is characterized in that: the heating surface of the boiler furnace is redesigned, and the boiler tail heating surface 4 and the air preheater 3 are sequentially arranged in the boiler tail flue; The outlet of furnace heating surface 1 is connected to the inlet of working fluid turbine 5, the outlet of working fluid turbine 5 is connected to high temperature regenerator 6, the high temperature regenerator 6 is connected to medium temperature regenerator 7, and the medium temperature regenerator 7 is connected to low temperature regenerator The outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 8 is connected to the high-temperature compressor 9 and the first condenser 12 respectively, and the outlet of the high-temperature compressor 9 is connected to the medium-temperature regenerator 7 and the low-temperature regenerator 8 through a pipeline 15. The high-temperature regenerator 6 and the medium-temperature regenerator 7 are connected through a pipeline 14, and the high-temperature regenerator bypass 16 is connected to the pipeline 14 between the high-temperature regenerator 6 and the medium-temperature regenerator 7. The regenerator bypass 16 flows into the boiler furnace heating surface 1 through the boiler tail heating surface 4 and the outlet of the high temperature regenerator 6; the outlet of the first condenser 12 is connected with the first cold compressor 10, and the first cooling The outlet of the compressor 10 is connected to the second condenser 13 , the outlet of the second condenser 13 is connected to the second intercooler compressor 11 , and the outlet of the second intercooler compressor 11 is connected to the low temperature regenerator 8 .
所述在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间设置高温回热器旁路16，其入口温度为320℃，出口温度为470℃，从而有效利用了350℃-500℃的低温烟气热量，提高了系统循环效率。The high-temperature regenerator bypass 16 is set between the high-temperature regenerator 6 and the medium-temperature regenerator 7, the inlet temperature is 320°C, and the outlet temperature is 470°C, thereby effectively utilizing the low-temperature smoke at 350°C-500°C Gas heat, improve the system cycle efficiency.
所述锅炉炉膛受热面与新设计的超临界二氧化碳循环匹配，优化了受热面布置，保证了锅炉的高效运行。The heating surface of the boiler furnace is matched with the newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, which optimizes the layout of the heating surface and ensures the efficient operation of the boiler.
所述两个间冷压气机的间冷压缩，提高了循环系统的循环效率，使冷却器的换热温度维持在30℃-80℃之间，与水冷系统温度匹配良好。The intercooling compression of the two intercooling compressors improves the circulation efficiency of the circulation system and maintains the heat exchange temperature of the cooler between 30° C. and 80° C., which is well matched with the temperature of the water cooling system.
所述锅炉尾部烟道依次布置锅炉尾部受热面4和空气预热器3，使该循环中空气预热器换热烟气范围在100℃-350℃，换热量基本与燃煤蒸汽循环中对应空气预热器的设计换热量相同，从而优化了空预器的传热特性。The flue at the tail of the boiler is arranged in sequence with the heating surface 4 at the tail of the boiler and the air preheater 3, so that the heat exchange range of the air preheater in this cycle is 100°C-350°C, and the heat transfer is basically the same as that in the coal-fired steam cycle. The design heat transfer capacity of the corresponding air preheater is the same, thus optimizing the heat transfer characteristics of the air preheater.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.该系统在高温回热器外设置了高温回热器旁路，部分来自于中温回热器的工质直接进入到锅炉尾部烟道中吸收低温烟气热量，最后与高温回热器出口的工质混合，一同汇入到锅炉炉膛受热面中。这一旁路优化了系统结构，改善了锅炉低温烟气的吸收性能，吸收了350℃-500℃之间烟气热量，提高了系统循环效率。1. The system has a high-temperature regenerator bypass outside the high-temperature regenerator. Part of the working fluid from the medium-temperature regenerator directly enters the tail flue of the boiler to absorb the heat of low-temperature flue gas, and finally connects with the outlet of the high-temperature regenerator. The working fluids are mixed and flow into the heating surface of the boiler furnace together. This bypass optimizes the system structure, improves the absorption performance of the low-temperature flue gas of the boiler, absorbs the heat of the flue gas between 350°C and 500°C, and improves the cycle efficiency of the system.
2.将锅炉炉膛受热面重新布置，以匹配新设计的超临界二氧化碳循环换热特性，使得换热高效紧凑，并保证了锅炉的稳定运行。2. Rearrange the heating surface of the boiler furnace to match the heat transfer characteristics of the newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, making the heat transfer efficient and compact, and ensuring the stable operation of the boiler.
3.该系统采用间冷压缩技术，不仅提高了系统循环效率，也优化了冷凝器的换热温度范围，使之与水冷系统互匹配。3. The system adopts intercooling compression technology, which not only improves the cycle efficiency of the system, but also optimizes the heat transfer temperature range of the condenser to match it with the water cooling system.
4.该系统无再热循环，简化了控制系统与炉膛布置，具有进一步效率提升空间，在工程上会有很好的应用前景。如控制系统足够先进，可通过加设再热循环进一步提升本系统效果。4. The system has no reheating cycle, which simplifies the control system and furnace layout, has room for further efficiency improvement, and has a good application prospect in engineering. If the control system is advanced enough, the effect of the system can be further improved by adding a reheat cycle.
5.该系统布置方案适用性广，可根据机组参数以及冷却方式的不同，决定是否采用间冷压缩。5. The system layout scheme has wide applicability, and it can be decided whether to use intercooling compression according to the parameters of the unit and the cooling method.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system.
实施方式Implementation
本发明提出一种超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统。下面结合附图和实例予以说明。The invention proposes a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system. The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
如图1所示为新型超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统示意图，本发明对锅炉炉膛受热面进行重新设计，在锅炉尾部烟道中依次布置锅炉尾部受热面4和空气预热器3；锅炉炉膛受热面1出口与工质透平5入口相连，工质透平5出口与高温回热器6连接，高温回热器6与中温回热器7相连，中温回热器7与低温回热器8相连，低温回热器8出口分别与高温压气机9和第一凝汽器12相连，高温压气机9出口与中温回热器7和低温回热器8之间通过管路15连接，在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间通过管路14连接，在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间的管路14上再连接高温回热器旁路16，高温回热器旁路16经过锅炉尾部受热面4与高温回热器6出口一同汇入到锅炉炉膛受热面1；从而锅炉炉膛受热面与新设计的超临界二氧化碳循环匹配，优化了受热面布置，保证了锅炉的高效运行。As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of a novel supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system. The present invention redesigns the boiler furnace heating surface, and arranges the boiler tail heating surface 4 and the air preheater 3 in sequence in the boiler tail flue; the boiler furnace heating surface The outlet of 1 is connected to the inlet of working fluid turbine 5, the outlet of working fluid turbine 5 is connected to high temperature regenerator 6, the high temperature regenerator 6 is connected to medium temperature regenerator 7, and the medium temperature regenerator 7 is connected to low temperature regenerator 8 , the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 8 is connected to the high-temperature compressor 9 and the first condenser 12 respectively, and the outlet of the high-temperature compressor 9 is connected to the medium-temperature regenerator 7 and the low-temperature regenerator 8 through a pipeline 15. The heater 6 and the medium temperature regenerator 7 are connected through a pipeline 14, and the high temperature regenerator bypass 16 is connected to the pipeline 14 between the high temperature regenerator 6 and the medium temperature regenerator 7, and the high temperature regenerator The bypass 16 flows into the boiler furnace heating surface 1 through the boiler rear heating surface 4 and the outlet of the high-temperature regenerator 6; thus, the boiler furnace heating surface matches the newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, optimizes the layout of the heating surface, and ensures the boiler efficient operation.
所述循环系统的第一凝汽器12出口与第一间冷压气机10相连，第一间冷压气机10出口与第二凝汽器13相连，第二凝汽器13出口与第二间冷压气机11相连，第二间冷压气机11出口与低温回热器8相连，即两个间冷压气机采用间冷压缩技术，提高了循环系统的循环效率，使冷却器的换热温度维持在30℃-80℃之间，与水冷系统温度匹配良好。The outlet of the first condenser 12 of the circulation system is connected with the first intercooler compressor 10, the outlet of the first intercooler compressor 10 is connected with the second condenser 13, and the outlet of the second condenser 13 is connected with the second intercooler. The cold compressor 11 is connected, and the outlet of the second inter-cooled compressor 11 is connected with the low-temperature regenerator 8, that is, the two inter-cooled compressors adopt the inter-cooled compression technology, which improves the circulation efficiency of the circulation system and makes the heat exchange temperature of the cooler It is maintained between 30°C and 80°C, which matches well with the temperature of the water cooling system.
所述在高温回热器6和中温回热器7之间设置高温回热器旁路16，其入口温度为320℃，出口温度为470℃，从而有效利用了350℃-500℃的低温烟气热量，提高了系统循环效率。The high-temperature regenerator bypass 16 is set between the high-temperature regenerator 6 and the medium-temperature regenerator 7, the inlet temperature is 320°C, and the outlet temperature is 470°C, thereby effectively utilizing the low-temperature smoke at 350°C-500°C Gas heat, improve the system cycle efficiency.
所述锅炉尾部烟道依次布置锅炉尾部受热面4和空气预热器3，使该循环中空气预热器换热烟气范围在100℃-350℃，换热量基本与燃煤蒸汽循环中对应空气预热器的设计换热量相同，从而优化了空预器的传热特性。The flue at the tail of the boiler is arranged in sequence with the heating surface 4 at the tail of the boiler and the air preheater 3, so that the heat exchange range of the air preheater in this cycle is 100°C-350°C, and the heat transfer is basically the same as that in the coal-fired steam cycle. The design heat transfer capacity of the corresponding air preheater is the same, thus optimizing the heat transfer characteristics of the air preheater.
本发明首次提出了在超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统中设置高温回热器旁路，一部分中温回热器出口工质直接进入到之后的的高温回热器；另一部分中温回热器出口工质先进入到炉膛尾部换热面吸热，从而吸收炉膛尾部余热，减少空气预热器设计时不必要的吸热，并提高了系统循环效率。最终达到了充分合理利用锅炉中烟气温度分布，分级利用烟气能量，在保证超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环高效的同时，合理有效的将系统与燃煤锅炉耦合起来，解决了尾部低温烟气无法高效合理利用，超规格布置空气预热器吸热量的问题。同时，本发明可根据需要灵活布置(多级)再热循环与间冷压缩，使得整体超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环在工程实际中的应用前景大幅提高，可实施性显著。The present invention proposes for the first time that a high-temperature regenerator bypass is set in the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system, and a part of the working medium at the outlet of the medium-temperature regenerator directly enters the subsequent high-temperature regenerator; another part of the working medium at the outlet of the medium-temperature regenerator It first enters the heat exchange surface at the end of the furnace to absorb heat, thereby absorbing the waste heat at the end of the furnace, reducing unnecessary heat absorption during the design of the air preheater, and improving the cycle efficiency of the system. Finally, the temperature distribution of the flue gas in the boiler is fully and reasonably utilized, and the energy of the flue gas is utilized in stages. While ensuring the high efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle, the system is reasonably and effectively coupled with the coal-fired boiler, which solves the problem that the tail low-temperature flue gas cannot Efficient and reasonable utilization, the heat absorption of the air preheater arranged beyond the specifications. At the same time, the present invention can flexibly arrange (multi-stage) reheating cycle and intercooling compression according to needs, so that the application prospect of the overall supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle in engineering practice is greatly improved, and the implementability is remarkable.
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