CN104726819A - Heat treatment carburization process of carburizing steel - Google Patents
Heat treatment carburization process of carburizing steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104726819A CN104726819A CN201510125673.4A CN201510125673A CN104726819A CN 104726819 A CN104726819 A CN 104726819A CN 201510125673 A CN201510125673 A CN 201510125673A CN 104726819 A CN104726819 A CN 104726819A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat treatment carburization process of carburizing steel. The heat treatment carburization process orderly comprises the following steps: pre-carburization (under the conditions of the temperature of 800-840 DEG C, the carbon potential of 0.9-1.3 and the time of 1-3 hours); circulating carburization (under the conditions of the temperature of 910-940 DEG C, the carbon potential of 0.9-1.3 and the time of 1-4 hours, cooling in an oil at the temperature of 50-140 DEG C, and circulating twice); diffusing and quenching (carburizing for diffusion under the conditions of the temperature of 910-940 DEG C, the carbon potential of 0.8-1.0 and the time of 1-3 hours, reducing the temperature to the range of 840-890 DEG C after diffusion, and after retaining the heat at the carbon potential of 0.8-1.0 for 0.5-2 hours, quenching and cooling in the oil at the temperature of 50-140 DEG C); and tempering (at 160-230 DEG C for 2-4 hours). According to the heat treatment carburization process, the special pre-carburization process is added and matched with the circulating carburization, so that lots of fine carbide particles can be formed in the surface carburized layer; the grain size is thinned to grade 9 from grade 7 and the surface wear resistance is greatly improved on the basis of satisfying the properties of the core.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic substance thermal treatment process, is specifically carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process.
Background technology
Due to the singularity of bearing parts Working environment, many bearings, while the load that requires to withstand shocks, propose requirement to wear resistance again.
In order to meet the requirement of above-mentioned operating mode, bearing needs material (carbon steel) to carry out carburizing thermal treatment to realize; Carburizing: be the one to metal finishing, make the active atoms of carbon decomposited in carburizing medium infiltrate steel part top layer, thus obtain top layer high-carbon, heart portion still keeps original composition.This is the common a kind of thermal treatment process of metallic substance, and it can make the workpiece surface of infiltrate carbon obtain very high hardness, improves its rub proofness.
In the bearing carburizing thermal treatment of routine, adopt the materials such as 20Cr to carry out method for carburizing as shown in Figure 1, it adopts direct quenching or the Qa heat treatment mode of carburizing; Under normal circumstances, the centre hardness of bearing can reach 30 ~ 45HRC, effectively can meet the shock load that bearing is subject to, the surface hardness of bearing is more than 58HRC, wherein piece surface carbide (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) content is that the carbide particle content of this fine particle of 0.8%(directly affects bearing surface hardness and wear resistance), bearing surface has good wear resistance.But when requiring very high to the wear resistance of product, because piece surface carbide (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) content is lower, then its use properties still cannot meet the demands.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming defect and the deficiency of prior art existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of meet heart portion soft high tenacity while, the converted steel thermal treatment carburization process of the tiny carbide particle of the distribution of Mass more than being formed at infiltration layer place, effectively improves converted steel hardness and wear resistance.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process, carry out as follows:
(1) pre-carburizing: adopt 800 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3, carry out the pre-carburizing of 1 ~ 3h;
(2) Cycle carburizing: adopt 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3, carries out 1 ~ 4h carburizing, then cools in the oil of 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C; Circulation like this at least 2 times;
(3) diffusion and quenching: adopt 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0, carries out 1 ~ 3h carburizing diffusion; Temperature is cooled to 840 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0, after insulation 30min ~ 2h, the oil quenching cooling of 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C;
(4) tempering: adopt 160 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, tempering 2 ~ 4h.
Preferably, the cycle index of described Cycle carburizing is 2 times.
This carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process inventive principle is: first carry out pre-carburizing, in the carburizing environment of high carbon potential, low temperature, the activity of carbon is higher, easier forming core, be conducive to improving nucleation rate, thus (carbide first formed by pre-carburizing, when the carbide particle that prestores is as later stage carburizing to obtain the numerous carbide particle that prestores, core as new carbide is formed), for Cycle carburizing is ready.
Then Cycle carburizing is carried out, in cementation process, material structure be austenite+carbide (this carbide mainly with the carbide that prestores for core, the carbide of growing up a little in cementation process, also comprise carbide and carbon in material react form new carbide), along with the carrying out of carburizing in first time cementation process, the carbon content in austenite raises gradually, until carbon content levels off to saturated in austenite; Simultaneously in material, carbide and carbon react and form new carbide.Rapid cooling subsequently, in the process of rapid cooling, in austenite, the solubleness of carbon diminishes, and forms supersaturation carbon, and because cooling rate is large, the carbon in austenite has little time to separate out, and the carbide in infiltration layer just has little time to grow up, and the carbide in infiltration layer continues to remain fine particle.In second time cementation process, along with the rising of temperature, Carbon diffusion ability grow gradually again, austenite continues carburetting, and (in the process of first time carburizing, austenitic carbon content approaches to saturation, in rapid cooling process subsequently, carbon in austenite has little time diffusion, is fixed in martensite, when second time carburizing is carried out, along with the rising of temperature, martensite decomposes, carbide precipitate, when temperature is elevated to more than 800 degree, martensite decomposes completely, tissue starts austenitizing again, carbide also can not dissolve completely simultaneously, be able to again carry out in process in second time carburizing, austenite just can carry out carburetting again), simultaneously, existing fine particle carbide portion melts into austenite, new carbide forming core, grow up, form again granule carbonide tiny in a large number, due to the incomplete melting of carbide particle in carburizing last time, just form more carbide particle, then cool fast, more many tiny carbide particles are retained again.So repeatedly Cycle carburizing has effectively refine to 9 grades grain fineness number from 7 grades.
Carry out after Cycle carburizing spreading and quenching, its objective is to obtain mild carbon content distribution (Hardness Distribution after quenching), reducing the stress because carburizing thermal treatment causes.Finally carry out tempering.
Carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process of the present invention, add special pre-carburization process, in the carburizing environment of high carbon potential, low temperature, nucleation rate is high, obtain the numerous carbide particle that prestores, increase the carbon content of infiltration layer, increase the nucleation rate of carbide, but significantly do not increase carbide size again, avoid Carbide Coarsening; And coordinate Cycle carburizing afterwards, carbon in austenite in high temperature is approached to saturation, thus after the tiny carbide portion on surface is melted, become new forming core point, the tiny carbide of surperficial infiltration layer is finally made to increase gradually, obtain a large amount of tiny carbide particles, effectively grain fineness number has been refine to 9 grades from 7 grades, then through suitable diffusion, Quench and temper process.On the basis meeting heart portion performance, improve the wear resistance on surface greatly.Take into account performance and efficiency two emphasis, adopted 2 Cycle carburizings, effectively can improve the wear resistance of bearing, increase economic efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process figure;
Fig. 2 is carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process curve figure of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the process curve figure of this bright specific embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the process curve figure of this bright specific embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 obtains product hardness comparison diagram under obtaining product and traditional technology under this bright technique;
Fig. 7 obtains product wear resistance comparison diagram under obtaining product and traditional technology under this bright technique.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; only be used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of foregoing invention to the present invention.Model is selected to be that 32008 bearing rings (material is 20Cr) are tested in love association woods multipurpose furnace;
Embodiment 1
Undertaken by Fig. 3 process curve figure:
(1) pre-carburizing: adopt 830 DEG C, carbon potential 1.1, carry out the pre-carburizing of 1h;
(2) Cycle carburizing: adopt 920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.1, carries out 3h carburizing, then cools in the oil of 100 DEG C; Afterwards, then adopt 920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.1, carry out 3h carburizing, the processing step circulation primary then cooled in the oil of 100 DEG C, thus complete the Cycle carburizing of employing 2 circulations;
(3) diffusion and quenching: adopt 920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0, carry out 2h carburizing diffusion, to obtain mild carbon content distribution, reduce the stress because carburizing thermal treatment causes; After diffusion, temperature is cooled to 860 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0, after insulation 1h, the oil quenching cooling of 100 DEG C;
(4) tempering: adopt 180 DEG C, tempering 3h.
After completing, utilize peeling method, detect carbide surface content: the carbide content on surface (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) is 1.6%.
Embodiment 2
Undertaken by Fig. 4 process curve figure:
(1) pre-carburizing: adopt 800 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9, carry out the pre-carburizing of 2h;
(2) Cycle carburizing: adopt 910 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9, carries out 1h carburizing, then cools in the oil of 50 DEG C; Afterwards, then adopt 910 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9, carry out 1h carburizing, the processing step circulation primary then cooled in the oil of 50 DEG C, thus complete the Cycle carburizing of employing 2 circulations;
(3) diffusion and quenching: adopt 910 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0, carry out 2h carburizing diffusion, to obtain mild carbon content distribution, reduce the stress because carburizing thermal treatment causes; After diffusion, temperature is cooled to 860 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0, after insulation 1h, the oil quenching cooling of 100 DEG C;
(4) tempering: adopt 180 DEG C, tempering 3h.
After completing, utilize peeling method, detect carbide surface content: the carbide content on surface (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) is 1.6% ~ 1.8%.
Embodiment 3
Undertaken by Fig. 5 process curve figure:
(1) pre-carburizing: adopt 840 DEG C, carbon potential 1.3, carry out the pre-carburizing of 3h;
(2) Cycle carburizing: adopt 940 DEG C, carbon potential 1.3, carries out 4h carburizing, then cools in the oil of 130 DEG C; Afterwards, then adopt 940 DEG C, carbon potential 1.3, carry out 4h carburizing, the processing step circulation primary then cooled in the oil of 130 DEG C, thus complete the Cycle carburizing of employing 2 circulations;
(3) diffusion and quenching: adopt 940 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0, carry out 2h carburizing diffusion, to obtain mild carbon content distribution, reduce the stress because carburizing thermal treatment causes; After diffusion, temperature is cooled to 900 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8, after insulation 1h, the oil quenching cooling of 100 DEG C;
(4) tempering: adopt 180 DEG C, tempering 3h.
After completing, utilize peeling method, detect carbide surface content: the carbide content on surface (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) is 1.6% ~ 1.8%.
Contrast experiment, selects model to be that 32008 bearing rings (material is 20Cr) obtain product traditionally, carries out peeling method, detects carbide surface content: the carbide content of surface (in 0.15mm) is 0.6% ~ 0.8%.
Known through contrast, the carbide content of the product surface (apart from surperficial 0.15mm) of lower acquisition of adopting new technology is far longer than (apart from the surperficial 0.15mm) carbide content under traditional technology.
Obtain product in the product selecting present invention process to obtain and contrast experiment and carry out wear resistance and hardness measurement, experimental result as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7; Require to carry out strengthening fatigue life test according to standard JB/T50013-2000 " rolling bearing fatigue life testing regulation ", assessment method adopts the display of JB/T50093-1997 " rolling bearing life and reliability test assessment method " test-results, and the bearing life of present invention process is 1.5 times of common process bearing life.
In summary, obtain product under present invention process in hardness and antiwear property, be all obviously better than conventional carburizing thermal treatment, effectively improve working reliability and the work-ing life of bearing.
Claims (2)
1. a carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process, carries out as follows:
(1) pre-carburizing: adopt 800 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3, carry out the pre-carburizing of 1 ~ 3h;
(2) Cycle carburizing: adopt 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3, carries out 1 ~ 4h carburizing, then cools in the oil of 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C; Circulation like this at least 2 times;
(3) diffusion and quenching: adopt 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0, carries out 1 ~ 3h carburizing diffusion; Temperature is cooled to 840 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0, after insulation 30min ~ 2h, the oil quenching cooling of 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C;
(4) tempering: adopt 160 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, tempering 2 ~ 4h.
2. carburizing Heat Treatment Of Steel carburization process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Cycle carburizing step cycle number of times is 2 times.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN105057977A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽蓝博旺机械集团合诚机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing steering axle connecting rod for forklift |
| CN105369260A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | Carburizing heat treatment technique for 8620H gear steel |
| CN105441863A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-30 | 芜湖天金机械有限公司 | Universal ball shell carburizing process capable of improving surface hardness |
| CN106835004A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-06-13 | 山东海利传动机械制造有限公司 | A kind of gear shaft composite step carburizing quenching process |
| CN107514425A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | The preparation method of bearing ball |
| CN109108751A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-01 | 青岛锦瑞特园林工具有限公司 | Connecting rod pin hole Refining apparatus and Production of Crankshaft technique |
| CN109385596A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-26 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of 12Cr2Ni4A material gas carburization quenching method |
| CN110184561A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-08-30 | 晋江鹏发机械有限公司 | A kind of carburizing heat treatment process of alloy steel casting |
| CN111549314A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 湖南特科能热处理有限公司 | Carburizing process for low-carbon steel thin-wall part |
| CN111809136A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 张同玺 | Heat treatment carburizing process of high-temperature carburizing steel H10Cr4Mo4Ni4V |
| CN112143979A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-29 | 人本股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-carbon bearing steel |
| CN113403568A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-17 | 温岭市云福热处理厂 | Low-carbon steel and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN113564515A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-29 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | Surface modification process for improving wear resistance of carburizing steel |
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| CN105057977A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽蓝博旺机械集团合诚机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing steering axle connecting rod for forklift |
| CN105441863A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-30 | 芜湖天金机械有限公司 | Universal ball shell carburizing process capable of improving surface hardness |
| CN105369260A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | Carburizing heat treatment technique for 8620H gear steel |
| CN106835004A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-06-13 | 山东海利传动机械制造有限公司 | A kind of gear shaft composite step carburizing quenching process |
| CN107514425A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | The preparation method of bearing ball |
| CN109108751A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-01 | 青岛锦瑞特园林工具有限公司 | Connecting rod pin hole Refining apparatus and Production of Crankshaft technique |
| CN109385596A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-26 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of 12Cr2Ni4A material gas carburization quenching method |
| CN110184561A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-08-30 | 晋江鹏发机械有限公司 | A kind of carburizing heat treatment process of alloy steel casting |
| CN111549314A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 湖南特科能热处理有限公司 | Carburizing process for low-carbon steel thin-wall part |
| CN111809136A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 张同玺 | Heat treatment carburizing process of high-temperature carburizing steel H10Cr4Mo4Ni4V |
| CN112143979A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-29 | 人本股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-carbon bearing steel |
| CN113403568A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-17 | 温岭市云福热处理厂 | Low-carbon steel and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN113564515A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-29 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | Surface modification process for improving wear resistance of carburizing steel |
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