CN104726819B - Carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process - Google Patents
Carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104726819B CN104726819B CN201510125673.4A CN201510125673A CN104726819B CN 104726819 B CN104726819 B CN 104726819B CN 201510125673 A CN201510125673 A CN 201510125673A CN 104726819 B CN104726819 B CN 104726819B
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- carburizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process, successively using pre- carburizing（At 800 ~ 840 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3 carries out 1 ~ 3h）, Cycle carburizing（910 ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3, carry out 1 ~ 4h carburizings, after in 50 ~ 140 DEG C of oil cool down, so circulation 2 times）, spread and quench（910 ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 carries out 1 ~ 3h carburizings diffusion, temperature is cooled into 840 ~ 890 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 is incubated after 0.5 ~ 2h, in 50 ~ 140 DEG C of oil quenchings coolings）, tempering（160 ~ 230 DEG C, it is tempered 2 ~ 4h）.The special pre- carburization process of present invention increase, and coordinate Cycle carburizing, make to form a large amount of tiny carbide particles in the infiltration layer of surface, grain size is effectively refine to 9 grades from 7 grades, on the basis of core performance is met, the wearability on surface is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process the present invention relates to metal material Technology for Heating Processing.
Background technology
Due to the particularity of bearing parts working environment, many bearings are while being required to withstand shocks load, again
Requirement is proposed to wearability.
In order to meet the requirement of above-mentioned operating mode, bearing needs material（Carbon steel）Carburizing heat treatment is carried out to realize；Carburizing：It is
To one kind of Treatment of Metal Surface, the active atoms of carbon decomposited in carburizing medium is set to penetrate into steel part top layer, so as to obtain top layer
High-carbon, center portion still keeps original composition.This is a kind of common Technology for Heating Processing of metal material, and it can make the work for oozing carbon
Part surface obtains very high hardness, improves its rub proofness.
In conventional bearing carburizing heat treatment, method for carburizing is carried out as shown in figure 1, it is used directly using materials such as 20Cr
Welding and quenching or the Qa heat treatment mode of carburizing；Under normal circumstances, the centre hardness of bearing can reach 30 ~ 45HRC, energy
Enough effectively to meet the shock loading that bearing is subject to, the case hardness of bearing is more than 58HRC, wherein piece surface carbide（Away from
From in the 0.15mm of surface）Content is 0.8%（The carbide particle content of the fine particle directly affects bearing surface hardness and anti-
Polishing machine）, bearing surface has good wearability.But when requiring very high to the wearability of product, due to piece surface carbon
Compound（In the 0.15mm of surface）Content is relatively low, then its performance still can not meet requirement.
The content of the invention
To overcome the defect and deficiency that prior art is present, center portion soft is met it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
While high tenacity, many and the tiny carbide particle of Mass distribution carburizing steel heat treatment carburization process is formed at infiltration layer,
Effectively improve carburizing steel hardness and wear resistance.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process, is pressed
Following steps are carried out：
（1）Pre- carburizing：Using 800 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3 carries out the pre- carburizings of 1 ~ 3h；
（2）Cycle carburizing：Using 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3 carries out 1 ~ 4h carburizings, then at 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C
Oil in cool down；So circulation at least 2 times；
（3）Diffusion and quenching：Using 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 carries out 1 ~ 3h carburizings diffusion；By temperature after diffusion
Degree is cooled to 840 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, and carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 is incubated after 30min ~ 2h, is cooled down in 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C of oil quenchings；
（4）Tempering：Using 160 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, 2 ~ 4h is tempered.
It is preferred that, the cycle-index of the Cycle carburizing is 2 times.
This carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process inventive principle is：Pre- carburizing is first carried out, in the carburizing of high carbon potential, low temperature
In environment, the activity of carbon is higher, it is easier to forming core, is conducive to improving nucleation rate, so as to obtain the numerous carbide that prestores
Particle（The carbide being initially formed by pre- carburizing, when the carbide particle that prestores is as later stage carburizing, is used as the core of new carbide formation
The heart）, it is that Cycle carburizing is ready.
Then carry out in Cycle carburizing, carburizing process, material structure is austenite+carbide（The carbide mainly with
The carbide that prestores be core, the carbide somewhat grown up in carburizing process, also including carbide in material with
Carbon reacts to form new carbide）, with the progress of carburizing in first time carburizing process, the phosphorus content in austenite gradually rises
Height, until carbon content levels off to saturation in austenite；Carbide reacts to form new carbon with carbon in material simultaneously
Compound.Subsequent rapid cooling, during rapid cooling, the solubility of carbon diminishes in austenite, forms supersaturated carbon, because cooling rate is big,
Carbon in austenite has little time to separate out, and the carbide in infiltration layer just has little time to grow up, and the carbide in infiltration layer continues to remain
Fine particle.In second of carburizing process, with the rise of temperature, Carbon diffusion ability gradually becomes strong again, and austenite continues
Carburetting（During first time carburizing, the carbon content of austenite approaches to saturation, during subsequent rapid cooling, in austenite
Carbon have little time diffusion, be fixed in martensite；When second of carburizing is carried out, with the rise of temperature, martensite is carried out
Decompose, carbide precipitate, when temperature is increased to more than 800 degree, martensite is decomposed completely, tissue starts austenite again
Change, while carbide will not be also completely dissolved, be able to during second of carburizing is carried out again, austenite can just enter again
Row carburetting）, meanwhile, existing fine particle carbide portion is melted into austenite, new carbide forming core, is grown up, and is formed again
A large amount of tiny granule carbonides, due to the incomplete melting of carbide particle in last time carburizing, just form more carbide
Particle, then quick cooling, more tiny carbide particles are retained again.Such multiple effective handle of Cycle carburizing
Grain size has refine to 9 grades from 7 grades.
It is diffused and quenches after Cycle carburizing, its purpose is to obtain gentle carbon content distribution（It is hard after quenching
Degree distribution）, reduce due to stress caused by carburizing heat treatment.Finally it is tempered.
The carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process of the present invention, adds special pre- carburization process, in high carbon potential, low temperature
Carburizing environment in, nucleation rate is high, obtains the numerous carbide particle that prestores, and increases the carbon content of infiltration layer, increase carbonization
The nucleation rate of thing, but carbide size is not dramatically increased again, it is to avoid Carbide Coarsening；And coordinate Cycle carburizing afterwards, make height
Carbon in the austenite of middle benefit gas approaches to saturation, so that after the tiny carbide portion on surface melts, as new forming core point, most
The tiny carbide of surface infiltration layer is gradually increased eventually, obtain substantial amounts of tiny carbide particle, effectively grain size from 7 grades
9 grades are refine to, then by suitable diffusion, quenching and drawing process.On the basis of center portion performance is met, greatly carry
The high wearability on surface.Two emphasis of performance and efficiency have been taken into account, using 2 Cycle carburizings, bearing can have effectively been improved
Wear resistance, increase economic efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process figure；
Fig. 2 is carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process figure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the process curve figure of the specific embodiment of the invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the process curve figure of this bright specific embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is the process curve figure of this bright specific embodiment 3；
Fig. 6 is acquisition product and acquisition product hardness comparison diagram under traditional handicraft under this bright technique；
Fig. 7 is acquisition product and acquisition product wear resistance comparison diagram under traditional handicraft under this bright technique.
Embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, is served only for that the present invention is further described, no
It is understood that for limiting the scope of the present invention, the technician in the field can be according to the content of foregoing invention to the present invention
Make some nonessential modifications and adaptations.From the bearing ring of model 32008（Material is 20Cr）Woods multipurpose furnace is assisted in love
It is interior to be tested；
Embodiment 1
Carried out by Fig. 3 process curves figure：
（1）Pre- carburizing：Using 830 DEG C, carbon potential 1.1 carries out the pre- carburizings of 1h；
（2）Cycle carburizing：Using 920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.1 carries out 3h carburizings, is then cooled down in 100 DEG C of oil；Afterwards,
920 DEG C are used again, carbon potential 1.1 carries out 3h carburizings, the processing step circulation primary then cooled down in 100 DEG C of oil, so that complete
Into the Cycle carburizing using 2 circulations；
（3）Diffusion and quenching：Using 920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0 carries out 2h carburizing diffusions, to obtain gentle concentration of carbon point
Cloth, reduces due to stress caused by carburizing heat treatment；Temperature is cooled to 860 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 1.0 is incubated after 1h,
100 DEG C of oil quenching cooling；
（4）Tempering：Using 180 DEG C, 3h is tempered.
After the completion of, using layer stripping, detect carbide surface content：Surface（In the 0.15mm of surface）Carbide contain
Measure as 1.6%.
Embodiment 2
Carried out by Fig. 4 process curves figure：
（1）Pre- carburizing：Using 800 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 carries out the pre- carburizings of 2h；
（2）Cycle carburizing：Using 910 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 carries out 1h carburizings, is then cooled down in 50 DEG C of oil；Afterwards, then
Using 910 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 carries out 1h carburizings, the processing step circulation primary then cooled down in 50 DEG C of oil, so as to complete
Using the Cycle carburizing of 2 circulations；
（3）Diffusion and quenching：Using 910 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0 carries out 2h carburizing diffusions, to obtain gentle concentration of carbon point
Cloth, reduces due to stress caused by carburizing heat treatment；Temperature is cooled to 860 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 1.0 is incubated after 1h,
100 DEG C of oil quenching cooling；
（4）Tempering：Using 180 DEG C, 3h is tempered.
After the completion of, using layer stripping, detect carbide surface content：Surface（In the 0.15mm of surface）Carbide contain
Measure as 1.6% ~ 1.8%.
Embodiment 3
Carried out by Fig. 5 process curves figure：
（1）Pre- carburizing：Using 840 DEG C, carbon potential 1.3 carries out the pre- carburizings of 3h；
（2）Cycle carburizing：Using 940 DEG C, carbon potential 1.3 carries out 4h carburizings, is then cooled down in 130 DEG C of oil；Afterwards,
940 DEG C are used again, carbon potential 1.3 carries out 4h carburizings, the processing step circulation primary then cooled down in 130 DEG C of oil, so that complete
Into the Cycle carburizing using 2 circulations；
（3）Diffusion and quenching：Using 940 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0 carries out 2h carburizing diffusions, to obtain gentle concentration of carbon point
Cloth, reduces due to stress caused by carburizing heat treatment；Temperature is cooled to 900 DEG C after diffusion, carbon potential 0.8 is incubated after 1h,
100 DEG C of oil quenching cooling；
（4）Tempering：Using 180 DEG C, 3h is tempered.
After the completion of, using layer stripping, detect carbide surface content：Surface（In the 0.15mm of surface）Carbide contain
Measure as 1.6% ~ 1.8%.
Contrast experiment, from the bearing ring of model 32008（Material is 20Cr）Product is traditionally obtained, is carried out
Layer stripping, detects carbide surface content：Surface（In 0.15mm）Carbide content be 0.6% ~ 0.8%.
Understood by contrast, the product surface for lower acquisition of adopting new technology（In the 0.15mm of surface）Carbide content
It is far longer than under traditional handicraft（In the 0.15mm of surface）Carbide content.
Product, which is obtained, in product and contrast experiment from present invention process acquisition carries out wear resistance and hardness survey
Amount, experimental result is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7；According to standard JB/T50013-2000《Rolling bearing fatigue life testing regulations》Will
Progress reinforcing fatigue life test is sought, assessment method uses JB/T50093-1997《Rolling bearing life and reliability test are commented
Determine method》Result of the test shows that the bearing life of present invention process is 1.5 times of common process bearing life.
In summary, product is obtained under present invention process conventional carburizing heat is all substantially better than in hardness and antiwear property
Processing, effectively improves the functional reliability and service life of bearing.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of carburizing Heat-Treatment of Steel carburization process, is carried out as follows：
（1）Pre- carburizing：Using 800 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3 carries out the pre- carburizings of 1 ~ 3h；
（2）Cycle carburizing：Using 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.3 carries out 1 ~ 4h carburizings, then in 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C of oil
Middle cooling；So circulation at least 2 times；The Cycle carburizing step cycle number of times is 2 times；
（3）Diffusion and quenching：Using 910 DEG C ~ 940 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 carries out 1 ~ 3h carburizings diffusion；It is after diffusion that temperature is cold
But to 840 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, carbon potential 0.8 ~ 1.0 is incubated after 30min ~ 2h, is cooled down in 50 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C of oil quenchings；
（4）Tempering：Using 160 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, 2 ~ 4h is tempered.
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| CN113564515B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-04-14 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | Surface modification process for improving wear resistance of carburizing steel |
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Address after: Gaoqiao Village, Fengcheng Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 200000 Patentee after: SHANGHAI C&U GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Shanghai renben group bearing technology R & D Co.,Ltd. Address before: Gaoqiao Village, Fengcheng Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 200000 Patentee before: SHANGHAI C&U GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SHANGHAI SIBOTE BEARING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |