CN104726750B - A kind of preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy - Google Patents
A kind of preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation technology of a kind of al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy, it includes step burden process, melting operation, aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure, argon shield operation, adds Strontium Alloying operation, refining procedure and standing operation.The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present invention, alusil alloy is used to substitute the electrolytic aluminium in traditional handicraft, fusion temperature can be reduced, the smelting temperature of al-sr alloy is reduced about 100 DEG C, and reduce alloying temperature, during production, smelting temperature can be reduced to 750 800 DEG C, greatly reduces than the smelting temperature 830 900 DEG C producing aluminum strontium binary alloy;The reduction of smelting temperature can reduce the high-temperature oxydation loss of strontium, therefore reduces the production cost of alterant, and has no effect on the rotten performance of al-sr alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy metal material technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to the preparation technology of a kind of al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy.
Background technology
Cast Al-Si alloy is because having the advantages such as density is low, intensity is high, wear-resisting, heat-resist, thermal coefficient of expansion is low, so being the class alloy that in Cast aluminium alloy gold, operation strategies is the widest, yield is maximum.But Alar is with the rising of silicone content, occurring a large amount of needle shaped eutectic silicon in tissue, thick polygonal block primary silicon even occur, seriously isolated matrix, made the mechanical performance particularly plastic property of alloy significantly reduce, machinability deteriorates.Therefore, cast Al-Si alloy many employings Metamorphism treatment, change the shape of silicon, size, but when carrying out Metamorphism treatment for the silicone content cast Al-Si alloy less than 6%, the mechanical property of alloy changes inconspicuous, and therefore Metamorphism treatment is mainly for the alusil alloy of silicon 6%.
The rotten of Cast aluminium alloy gold has multiple, and wherein al-sr alloy is a kind of new and effective alterant, is widely used at present.Compared with other alterant, the metamorphism time of al-sr alloy is long, sustainable 5~7 hours, not only without crossing rotten behavior in metamorphic process, and can remelting repeatedly, corrosion-free effect.Therefore al-sr alloy is applied generally in casting industry, is aluminium alloy, particularly the important alterant of the one of silicon aluminum alloy, can improve the tissue of foundry goods and improve the mechanical performance of foundry goods.
The method producing al-sr alloy can be divided into the method for mixing, thermal reduction and fused salt electrolysis process.Fused salt electrolysis process is different according to fused salt used, can be divided into again electrolysis of fused chloride salt and fluoride molten salt electrolysis.
The production method of conventional alloy is to the method for mixing, and is to be formed mixing in the molten state by two or more metal in electric arc furnace or other high temperature furnace the method for mixing.Owing to the fusing point of al-sr alloy is high, the temperature oozing method production al-sr alloy being up to 900 DEG C, the scaling loss of strontium is serious, and loss ratio is up to 20%~35%.Preparation of Metallic Strontium is the most active a kind of alkaline-earth metal, and its chemism is between calcium and barium, and producing of Preparation of Metallic Strontium uses vacuum-thermal method more, and equipment is complicated, and process conditions are strict, yield poorly, and cost is high, thus price is higher.So the cost of the method for oozing is increased a lot due to the scaling loss of strontium.
Al-sr alloy, as the alterant of silumin alloy, is widely used in the casting of alusil alloy, and annual requirement is huge.At present, the preparation method of al-sr alloy has multiple, but wide variety of or to the method for oozing in enterprise.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the preparation technology of a kind of al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy, it is therefore an objective to be intended to not affect under the rotten performance premise of al-sr alloy, reduces loss and the cost of strontium element.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: be applicable to the preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of cast Al-Si alloy, and it includes step:
(1) burden process;
According to percentage by weight: strontium 9-11%, silicon 5-7%, surplus are aluminum, weigh alusil alloy powder and strontium powder;
(2) melting operation;
Alusil alloy is melted, it is thus achieved that aluminum melted silicon;
(3) aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure;
Add without sodium slag-cleaning agent to aluminum melted silicon, remove the slag in aluminum melted silicon;
(4) argon shield operation;
After purified treatment, argon is sprayed to aluminum melted silicon surface;
(5) Strontium Alloying operation is added;
After gas shield processes, in aluminum melted silicon, add strontium powder in batches, then add heat fusing, form aluminum silicon strontium liquation;
(6) refining procedure;
In aluminum silicon strontium liquation, it is passed through argon carries out refining treatment, remove the gas in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and field trash;
(7) operation is stood;
Aluminum silicon strontium liquation is carried out standing process, makes the impurity in liquation float, last removal of contamination.
In described step (2), fusion temperature is 750 DEG C, dissolves rear and removes the gred.
In described step (3), the slag-cleaning agent without sodium accounting for gross weight 1.5 ‰ need to be added, and slag treatment is clean after being sufficiently stirred for.
In described step (5), need to add in aluminum melted silicon by strontium powder in four batches, first adds the 40% of inventory, and second batch adds the 30% of heat inventory, the 3rd batch of add heat inventory the 20%th, the 4th batch of add heat inventory the 10%th.
In described step (5), each batch joining day is spaced 3-6 minute, adds strontium process temperature and controls at 750-800 DEG C.
In described step (5), every time after aluminum melted silicon adds quantitative strontium powder, use ultrasonic agitation device that liquation is stirred.
In described step (6), after refine, aluminum silicon strontium liquation is stirred 10-20 minute, makes alloying component homogenization.
This preparation technology also comprises the steps:
(8) casting operation;
Cast aluminum silicon strontium liquation, forms block al-sr alloy foundry goods;
(9) detection operation;
After casting, the composition to al-sr alloy foundry goods detects;
(10) modification effect detection operation;
When the aluminum solutions melting of aluminium alloy castings is incubated, in polylith al-sr alloy foundry goods is added holding furnace, carry out Metamorphism treatment;After having gone bad, the composition of the rotten aluminium alloy of sampling detection.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present invention, alusil alloy is used to substitute the electrolytic aluminium in traditional handicraft, fusion temperature can be reduced, the smelting temperature of al-sr alloy is reduced about 100 DEG C, and reduce alloying temperature, during production, smelting temperature can be reduced to 750-800 DEG C, greatly reduces than smelting temperature 830-900 DEG C producing aluminum strontium binary alloy;The reduction of smelting temperature can reduce the high-temperature oxydation loss of strontium, improves the recovery rate of strontium, and the price of strontium, at about 50,000 yuan per ton, therefore reduces the production cost of alterant, and has no effect on the rotten performance of al-sr alloy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
This specification includes the following drawings, shown content respectively:
Fig. 1 is the preparation technology flow chart of al-sr alloy alterant of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is al-sr alloy modification effect metallograph of the present invention;
Detailed description of the invention
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail, it is therefore an objective to help those skilled in the art that design, the technical scheme of the present invention are had more complete, accurate and deep understanding, and contribute to its enforcement.
The invention provides a kind of al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy, its chemical composition by weight percentage: strontium 9-11%, silicon 5-7%, surplus is aluminum.
This al-sr alloy alterant, low-alloyed smelting temperature can drop in the addition of silicon, the smelting temperature of al-sr alloy is reduced about 100 DEG C, when making to produce, smelting temperature can be reduced to 750-800 DEG C, for smelting temperature 830-900 DEG C of middle aluminum strontium binary alloy, the smelting temperature of al-sr alloy alterant greatly reduces.The reduction of smelting temperature can reduce the high-temperature oxydation loss of strontium, improves the recovery rate of strontium, and the price of strontium, at about 50,000 yuan per ton, therefore reduces the production cost of alterant.
In the aluminum strontium silicon alloy of the present invention, the existence of strontium is mainly with Al4Sr, Al2Sr phase, it is to avoid eutectic phase in conventional aluminum strontium alloy, and its modification effect is more preferable, melts faster, reduces incubation period.
Present invention also offers the preparation technology of a kind of al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy, as it is shown in figure 1, it comprises the steps:
(1) burden process;
According to percentage by weight: strontium 9-11%, silicon 5-7%, surplus are aluminum, weigh alusil alloy powder and strontium powder;
(2) melting operation;
Being melted by alusil alloy, fusion temperature is preferably 750 DEG C, also slag making slagging-off after dissolving, it is thus achieved that clean aluminum melted silicon;
(3) aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure;
Add without sodium slag-cleaning agent to aluminum melted silicon, remove the slag in aluminum melted silicon after being sufficiently stirred for, to reach the purpose that aluminum melted silicon is purified;
(4) argon shield operation;
After purified treatment; argon is sprayed to aluminum melted silicon surface; aluminum melted silicon is carried out gas shield; isolation aluminum melted silicon and the contacting of oxygen in air; to reduce the oxidizing gas on aluminum melted silicon surface; the strontium element making as easy as rolling off a log oxidation is protected, and decreases generation field trash, the probability of adsorbed gas;
(5) Strontium Alloying operation is added;
After gas shield processes, in aluminum melted silicon, add strontium powder in batches, then add heat fusing, form aluminum silicon strontium liquation;
(6) refining procedure;
Being passed through argon in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and carry out refining treatment, gas and field trash in processing procedure aluminum silicon strontium liquation fully float, and remove the gas in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and field trash, the content of gas and field trash to reduce product;
(7) operation is stood;
Carrying out aluminum silicon strontium liquation standing 3-5 minute, make the impurity in liquation fully float, last removal of contamination, the composition making aluminum silicon strontium liquation is more uniform.
As preferably, in step (3), the slag-cleaning agent without sodium accounting for gross weight 1.5 ‰ need to be added, and slag treatment is clean after being sufficiently stirred for.
As preferably, in step (5), need in four batches strontium powder be added in aluminum melted silicon, first adds the 40% of inventory, second batch adds the 30% of heat inventory, the 3rd batch of add heat inventory the 20%th, the 4th batch of add heat inventory the 10%th.
As preferably, in step (5), each batch joining day is spaced 3-6 minute, adds strontium process temperature and controls at 750-800 DEG C.
As preferably, in step (5), every time after aluminum melted silicon adds quantitative strontium powder, use ultrasonic agitation device that liquation is stirred.Ultrasonic agitation device as well known in the skilled person, possesses stirring and ultrasound wave produces function, and ultrasound wave has cavitation effect, in ultrasonic delivery to melt, can the aluminum in melt and strontium element composition be stirred, it is thus achieved that organize uniformly.
As preferably, in step (6), after refine, aluminum silicon strontium liquation is stirred 10-20 minute, makes alloying component homogenization.
This preparation technology also comprises the following steps that
(8) casting operation;
After standing processes, cast aluminum silicon strontium liquation, cast temperature controls at 800 DEG C, forms block al-sr alloy foundry goods;
(9) detection operation;
After casting, the composition to al-sr alloy foundry goods detects;
(10) modification effect detection operation;
When the aluminum solutions melting of aluminium alloy castings is incubated, in polylith al-sr alloy foundry goods is added holding furnace, carry out Metamorphism treatment;After having gone bad, the composition of the rotten aluminium alloy of sampling detection.
In the composition detection result of rotten aluminium alloy, content of strontium is 0.012%, and silicone content improves 0.015%, and in aluminium alloy castings, the change of these silicone contents can't affect the performance of foundry goods.Content of strontium is 0.012%, meets the content of strontium requirement of aluminium alloy castings, and the metallograph of modification effect is as it can be seen, fine microstructures is uniform, as shown in Figure 2.
The preparation technology of the present invention use alusil alloy substitute the electrolytic aluminium in traditional handicraft, fusion temperature can be reduced, and reducing alloying temperature, alloying temperature 750-800 DEG C of the aluminum silicon strontium of the present invention, traditional al-sr alloy temperature is at about 850-900 DEG C.On the one hand smelting temperature can reduce energy resource consumption with the reduction of alloying temperature, on the other hand can reduce the scaling loss of strontium element.Technique uses ultrasonic stirring, both can fully alloying component be stirred, local pore cavitation and the moment pore hot-spot of ultrasound wave can be used again, obtain overheated phase Al4Sr and Al2Sr phase, the phase constitution of Cast aluminium alloy gold can more effectively be refined by these phases further, obtain the metallographic structure less than 80 μm, as shown in Figure 2.Technique uses argon protect, reduce alloy and contact with oxidizing gas, it is thus achieved that be effectively protected.
Embodiment one
The chemical composition of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present embodiment is by weight percentage: strontium 10%, silicon 6%, and remaining is aluminum, and the alterant made is AlSr10.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present embodiment comprises the steps:
(1) burden process;
According to percentage by weight: strontium 10%, silicon 6%, surplus are aluminum, weigh alusil alloy powder and strontium powder;
(2) melting operation;
Being melted by alusil alloy, fusion temperature is preferably 750 DEG C, also slag making slagging-off after dissolving, it is thus achieved that clean aluminum melted silicon;
(3) aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure;
Add the slag-cleaning agent without sodium accounting for gross weight 1.5 ‰ to aluminum melted silicon, remove the slag in aluminum melted silicon after being sufficiently stirred for, to reach the purpose that aluminum melted silicon is purified;
(4) argon shield operation;
After purified treatment; argon is sprayed to aluminum melted silicon surface; aluminum melted silicon is carried out gas shield; isolation aluminum melted silicon and the contacting of oxygen in air; to reduce the oxidizing gas on aluminum melted silicon surface; the strontium element making as easy as rolling off a log oxidation is protected, and decreases generation field trash, the probability of adsorbed gas;
(5) Strontium Alloying operation is added;
After gas shield processes, adding in aluminum melted silicon by strontium powder in four batches, first adds the 40% of inventory, and second batch adds the 30% of heat inventory, the 3rd batch of add heat inventory the 20%th, the 4th batch of add heat inventory the 10%th;Each batch joining day is spaced 4 minutes, adds the fusing of strontium powder post-heating, adds strontium process temperature and control at 750 DEG C;Every time after aluminum melted silicon adds quantitative strontium powder, and use ultrasonic agitation device that liquation is stirred, eventually form aluminum silicon strontium liquation;
(6) refining procedure;
Being passed through argon in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and carry out refining treatment, gas and field trash in processing procedure aluminum silicon strontium liquation fully float, and remove the gas in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and field trash, the content of gas and field trash to reduce product;After refine, and aluminum silicon strontium liquation is stirred 10-20 minute, make alloying component homogenization;
(7) operation is stood;
Carrying out aluminum silicon strontium liquation standing 3-5 minute, make the impurity in liquation fully float, last removal of contamination, the composition making aluminum silicon strontium liquation is more uniform;
(8) casting operation;
After standing processes, cast aluminum silicon strontium liquation, cast temperature controls at 800 DEG C, forms block al-sr alloy foundry goods;
(9) detection operation;
After casting, the composition to al-sr alloy foundry goods detects;
(10) modification effect detection operation;
When the aluminum solutions melting of aluminium alloy castings is incubated, in polylith al-sr alloy foundry goods is added holding furnace, carry out Metamorphism treatment;After having gone bad, the composition of the rotten aluminium alloy of sampling detection.
Embodiment two
The chemical composition of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present embodiment is by weight percentage: strontium 9.5%, silicon 6.5%, and remaining is aluminum.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of the present embodiment comprises the steps:
(1) burden process;
According to percentage by weight: strontium 9.5%, silicon 6.5%, surplus are aluminum, weigh alusil alloy powder and strontium powder;
(2) melting operation;
Being melted by alusil alloy, fusion temperature is preferably 750 DEG C, also slag making slagging-off after dissolving, it is thus achieved that clean aluminum melted silicon;
(3) aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure;
Add the slag-cleaning agent without sodium accounting for gross weight 1.5 ‰ to aluminum melted silicon, remove the slag in aluminum melted silicon after being sufficiently stirred for, to reach the purpose that aluminum melted silicon is purified;
(4) argon shield operation;
After purified treatment; argon is sprayed to aluminum melted silicon surface; aluminum melted silicon is carried out gas shield; isolation aluminum melted silicon and the contacting of oxygen in air; to reduce the oxidizing gas on aluminum melted silicon surface; the strontium element making as easy as rolling off a log oxidation is protected, and decreases generation field trash, the probability of adsorbed gas;
(5) Strontium Alloying operation is added;
After gas shield processes, adding in aluminum melted silicon by strontium powder in four batches, first adds the 40% of inventory, and second batch adds the 30% of heat inventory, the 3rd batch of add heat inventory the 20%th, the 4th batch of add heat inventory the 10%th;Each batch joining day is spaced 5 minutes, adds the fusing of strontium powder post-heating, adds strontium process temperature and control at 800 DEG C;Every time after aluminum melted silicon adds quantitative strontium powder, and use ultrasonic agitation device that liquation is stirred, eventually form aluminum silicon strontium liquation;
(6) refining procedure;
Being passed through argon in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and carry out refining treatment, gas and field trash in processing procedure aluminum silicon strontium liquation fully float, and remove the gas in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and field trash, the content of gas and field trash to reduce product;After refine, and aluminum silicon strontium liquation is stirred 10-20 minute, make alloying component homogenization;
(7) operation is stood;
Aluminum silicon strontium liquation carrying out standing process 3-5 minute, make the impurity in liquation fully float, last removal of contamination, the composition making aluminum silicon strontium liquation is more uniform;
(8) casting operation;
After standing processes, cast aluminum silicon strontium liquation, cast temperature controls at 800 DEG C, forms block al-sr alloy foundry goods;
(9) detection operation;
After casting, the composition to al-sr alloy foundry goods detects;
(10) modification effect detection operation;
When the aluminum solutions melting of aluminium alloy castings is incubated, in polylith al-sr alloy foundry goods is added holding furnace, carry out Metamorphism treatment;After having gone bad, the composition of the rotten aluminium alloy of sampling detection.
Above in association with accompanying drawing, the present invention is exemplarily described.Obviously, the present invention implements and is not subject to the restrictions described above.As long as the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that the method design that have employed the present invention is carried out with technical scheme;Or the most improved, above-mentioned design and the technical scheme of the present invention are directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. it is applicable to the preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of cast Al-Si alloy, it is characterised in that include step:
(1) burden process;
According to percentage by weight: strontium 9-11%, silicon 5-7%, surplus are aluminum, weigh alusil alloy powder and strontium powder;
(2) melting operation;
Alusil alloy is melted, it is thus achieved that aluminum melted silicon;
(3) aluminum silicon melt cleaning procedure;
Add without sodium slag-cleaning agent to aluminum melted silicon, remove the slag in aluminum melted silicon;
(4) argon shield operation;
After purified treatment, argon is sprayed to aluminum melted silicon surface;
(5) Strontium Alloying operation is added;
After gas shield processes, in aluminum melted silicon, add strontium powder in batches, then add heat fusing, form aluminum silicon strontium liquation;
(6) refining procedure;
In aluminum silicon strontium liquation, it is passed through argon carries out refining treatment, remove the gas in aluminum silicon strontium liquation and be mingled with;
(7) operation is stood;
Aluminum silicon strontium liquation is carried out standing process, makes the impurity in liquation float, last removal of contamination.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (2), fusion temperature is 750 DEG C, after fusing and remove the gred.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (3), need to add the slag-cleaning agent without sodium accounting for gross weight 1.5 ‰, and slag treatment is clean after being sufficiently stirred for.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), need in four batches strontium powder be added in aluminum melted silicon, first adds the 40% of inventory, second batch adds the 30% of heat inventory, the 3rd batch of add heat inventory the 20%th, the 4th batch of add heat inventory the 10%th.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in described step (5), 3-6 minute, interval of each batch joining day, add strontium process temperature and control at 750-800 DEG C.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in described step (5), every time after aluminum melted silicon adds quantitative strontium powder, uses ultrasonic agitation device to be stirred liquation.
The preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (6), after refine, stirs 10-20 minute aluminum silicon strontium liquation, makes alloying component homogenization.
8. according to the preparation technology of the arbitrary described al-sr alloy alterant being applicable to cast Al-Si alloy of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that further comprise the steps of:
(8) casting operation;
Cast aluminum silicon strontium liquation, forms block al-sr alloy foundry goods;
(9) detection operation;
After casting, the composition to al-sr alloy foundry goods detects;
(10) modification effect detection operation;
When the aluminum solutions melting of aluminium alloy castings is incubated, in polylith al-sr alloy foundry goods is added holding furnace, carry out Metamorphism treatment;After having gone bad, the composition of the rotten aluminium alloy of sampling detection.
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Address after: Zhi Zhen Wuhu County in Anhui province Wuhu city Anhui Bay 241100 Wuhu Economic Development Zone Sunshine Road No. 2188 Building 2 Patentee after: Wuhu Yongyu auto industry Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 241100 Wuhu City, Wuhu Province Machinery Industrial Development Zone, sunshine road, No. 2188, No. Patentee before: Wuhu YongYu Autocar Industrial Co., Ltd. |
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