CN104725905A - Reinforcement solution and reinforcement method for ball pen and carbon paper handwriting - Google Patents
Reinforcement solution and reinforcement method for ball pen and carbon paper handwriting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reinforcement solution and reinforcement method for ball pen and carbon paper handwriting. The reinforcement solution is composed of a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is formed by mixing phospho-wolframic acid, phosphoric acid, ethanol and distilled water in a mass ratio 1:(1-3):(40-60):(10-15); and the component B is prepared by stirring methanol and barium hydroxide in a mass ratio of (40-60):3 under reflux at 120+/-5 DEG C. The method comprises the following steps: dipping the component A in the reinforcement solution, uniformly coating on ball pen or carbon paper handwriting, blow-drying, and coating the component B in the reinforcement solution. The reinforcement solution is simple in the application method, can solve the problems of fading and discoloring of the ball pen file handwriting and carbon paper handwriting, does not destroy the mechanical strength of paper, has favorable protective actions on paper, can effectively relieve and inhibit the erosion of the paper cultural relic, and has important meanings for long-time preservation of ball pen and carbon paper file handwriting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to archives writing reinforcement technique field, be specifically related to a kind of fade for ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing add solid-liquid and reinforcement means thereof.
Background technology
The writing such as ballpoint pen and transfer paper material all belongs to not durable writing material, and the pigment composition of writing material is oil-soluble colourant mostly, and these dyestuffs can be dissolved in oil.And general not high as the oil of solvent, wax fusing point, slightly meet high temperature, be easily liquefied as liquid, pigment is also taken out of thereupon, occurs that oil oozes, and spreads.And the performance of dyestuff is very unstable, light fugitive, non-resistance to oxidation, not acid and alkali-resistance, therefore under light, oxygenant, temperature do not accommodate the factor effects such as soda acid, will there is chemical transformation in the organic dye in writing pigment, thus cause writing take off change.Therefore, the archives difficult prospect of writing with this kind of writing is preserved, such as, five, in the archives and documentation in the sixties, find that this writing desalinate, fade, imbibition phenomenon a lot, the archives even had cannot read the loss causing and cannot retrieve because of writing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can effectively solution ballpoint pen and transfer paper write the easy light color of archives writing, fade, the problem such as imbibition; do not destroy paper mechanical strength simultaneously; and have good provide protection to paper; can effectively alleviate, suppress illumination, acid and residing environment improper infringement causes to paper relics add solid-liquid, and use this to add method that solid-liquid reinforces ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is: this adds solid-liquid and is made up of component A and B component, wherein component A is mixed for 1:1 ~ 3:40 ~ 60:10 ~ 15 in mass ratio by phospho-wolframic acid, phosphoric acid, ethanol, distilled water, and B component is that 40 ~ 60:3 makes 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing for 3 ~ 4 hours by methyl alcohol and hydrated barta in mass ratio.
Above-mentioned component A is preferably mixed for 1:2:50:12.5 in mass ratio by phospho-wolframic acid, phosphoric acid, ethanol, distilled water, and B component is preferably made up 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing for 50:3 in mass ratio of methyl alcohol and hydrated barta for 3 ~ 4 hours.
The method that employing the present invention adds solid-liquid reinforcing ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing is as follows:
1, clamp absorbent cotton with tweezers and dip the component A added in solid-liquid, be spread evenly across on ballpoint pen or transfer paper writing, natural air drying or dry up with blower.
2, clamp absorbent cotton with tweezers and dip the B component added in solid-liquid, be spread evenly across on ballpoint pen or transfer paper writing, natural air drying or dry up with blower, then repeat coating B component 1 ~ 3 time.
First the phosphoric acid added in solid-liquid and phospho-wolframic acid are stayed on paper by the present invention, then make to add hydrated barta in solid-liquid and phosphoric acid, phospho-wolframic acid and react and form layer protecting film, thus the writing color of well ballpoint pen and transfer paper being write remains on above paper.Experimental result shows, adopt the present invention add solid-liquid and reinforcement means reinforce after ball pen ink and transfer paper after manual simulation's ultraviolet ageing, xeothermic aging, hydrothermal aging and acidifying test, can be good at the color keeping ball pen ink and transfer paper itself, aberration is little, dyestuff is substantially colour-fast, and the performance of paper can not be destroyed, every mechanical strength value conservation rate of the paper after reinforcing is high.
It is simple that the present invention adds solid-liquid using method; not only can solve light color, the COLOR FASTNESS PROBLEM of archives writing and the transfer paper writing write with ballpoint pen; and paper can be protected when not destroying paper mechanical strength; effective alleviation, the infringement of suppression acid to paper relics; make not facile hydrolysis, the oxidation of the paper fibre element after reinforcing; good endurance, extends the life-span of paper greatly, and the permanent preservation of the archives writing write for ballpoint pen or transfer paper is significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the photo on (right side) after unguyed blue ballpoint pen writing (left side) and unguyed blue ballpoint pen writing ultraviolet ageing.
Fig. 2 is the photo on (right side) after the blue ballpoint pen writing (left side) after adopting embodiment 1 method to reinforce and the blue ballpoint pen writing ultraviolet ageing after adopting the reinforcing of embodiment 1 method.
Fig. 3 is the photo on (right side) after unguyed red ball-point pen writing (left side) and unguyed red ball-point pen writing ultraviolet ageing.
Fig. 4 is the photo on (right side) after the red ball-point pen writing (left side) after adopting embodiment 2 method to reinforce and the red ball-point pen writing ultraviolet ageing after adopting the reinforcing of embodiment 2 method.
Fig. 5 is the photo on (right side) after unguyed transfer paper writing (left side) and unguyed transfer paper writing ultraviolet ageing.
Fig. 6 is the photo on (right side) after the transfer paper writing (left side) after adopting embodiment 3 method to reinforce and the transfer paper writing ultraviolet ageing after adopting the reinforcing of embodiment 3 method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in more detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1,4g phospho-wolframic acid, 8g phosphoric acid, 200g ethanol, 50g distilled water are mixed, obtain the component A adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip component A, be spread evenly across on the paper of blue ballpoint pen writing, dry up with blower.
2,500g methyl alcohol, 30g hydrated barta are placed in round bottom three flask, 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing 3 hours, naturally cool to normal temperature, obtain the B component adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip B component, be spread evenly across on the paper of blue ballpoint pen writing, dry up with blower, then repeat coating B component twice.
From Fig. 1 ~ 2, without add blue ballpoint pen writing that solid-liquid reinforces in the obvious light color of writing after three days ultraviolet ageings, fade that it is clear not see, and paper obviously turns to be yellow, and through the present embodiment add writing that solid-liquid and reinforcement means reinforced aging after writing color still keep fine, writing is clear, fades and not obvious, and paper just turns yellow (in figure a little, the material of 4 paper is identical, and it is identical to write blue ballpoint pen used).
Embodiment 2
1,4g phospho-wolframic acid, 4g phosphoric acid, 160g ethanol, 40g distilled water are mixed, obtain the component A adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip component A, be spread evenly across on the paper of red ball-point pen writing, dry up with blower.
2,400g methyl alcohol, 30g hydrated barta are placed in round bottom three flask, 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing 3 hours, naturally cool to normal temperature, obtain the B component adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip B component, be spread evenly across on the paper of red ball-point pen writing, dry up with blower, then repeat coating B component twice.
From Fig. 3 ~ 4, without add red ball-point pen writing that solid-liquid reinforces in the obvious light color of writing after three days ultraviolet ageings, fade that it is clear not see, and paper obviously turns to be yellow, and through the present embodiment add writing that solid-liquid and reinforcement means reinforced aging after writing color still keep fine, writing is clear, fades and not obvious, and paper just turns yellow (in figure a little, the material of 4 paper is identical, and it is identical to write red ball-point pen used).
Embodiment 3
1,4g phospho-wolframic acid, 12g phosphoric acid, 240g ethanol, 60g distilled water are mixed, obtain the component A adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip component A, be spread evenly across on transfer paper writing, dry up with blower.
2,600g methyl alcohol, 30g hydrated barta are placed in round bottom three flask, 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing 3 hours, naturally cool to normal temperature, obtain the B component adding solid-liquid; Clamp rayon balls with tweezers and dip B component, be spread evenly across on transfer paper writing, dry up with blower, then repeat coating B component twice.
From Fig. 5 ~ 6, without add transfer paper writing that solid-liquid reinforces in the obvious light color of writing after three days ultraviolet ageings, fade that it is clear not see, and paper obviously turns to be yellow, and through the present embodiment add writing that solid-liquid and reinforcement means reinforced aging after writing color still keep fine, writing is clear, fades and not obvious, and paper just turns yellow (in figure a little, the material of 4 paper is identical, and it is identical to write transfer paper used).
In order to prove beneficial effect of the present invention, the pH that contriver chooses the uniform aluminiferous of thickness is about the paper of 4, the nib of ballpoint pen nib is removed, it is vertically placed in beaker ink is flowed out, with brush, the ink of ballpoint pen is brushed uniformly on paper, then the method for embodiment 1 is adopted to reinforce it, contrast with unguyed paper simultaneously, by four kinds of artificial accelerated aging simulation tests, make its every physics and chemical property and actual papery heritage archive close, concrete aging method is respectively: at the temperature of 105 DEG C, xeothermic aging 72h; Temperature be 80 DEG C, under humidity is the condition of 65%, hydrothermal aging 72h; Test temperature 25.0 DEG C, ultraviolet lamp power 60W, vertical irradiation distance 5cm, ultraviolet ageing 72h; Be in the aqueous hydrochloric acid loading watering can of 1% by massfraction, be sprayed on uniformly on sample, to paper acidifying.Measure aberration, folding endurance, tensile strength, tearability, the bursting strength of four kinds of aging method aging front and back paper respectively, concrete testing method and test result as follows:
1, the mensuration of tensile strength
Tensile strength refers under standard test methods defined terms, and before the paper fracture of unit width, maximum pull bears in institute.Tensile strength is one of important parameter in paper mechanical characteristics, tensile strength is again the most frequently used paper strength index, when measuring, external force is transmitted between fiber by fibre network, the shearing force acted between fiber and fiber causes the destruction of fiber combining, when shearing force increases above the slip resistance of fiber combining, fiber combining will rupture.
Pattern is pressed in length and breadth to cutting growth 250mm, the paper slip of the sufficient amount of wide 15 ± 0.1mm, to ensure that vertical and horizontal respectively have 10 effective data (as fracture person within distance chuck 10mm, should remove and not remember).Pattern has not allowed any paper defects, and two limits of pattern should be straight, and otch should neatly without any damage.The tensile strength adopting J-KZ1000 type pendulum tensile test piece machine (the Changjiang river papermaking Instrument Ltd.) to carry out pattern by GB GB/T453 ~ 2002 measures (constant speed loading method).
2, the mensuration of folding endurance
Folding endurance refers to that paper can stand the back and forth folding number of times of 180 degree under some tension.Folding endurance is index the sensitiveest for artificial accelerated aging reflection in paper mechanical strength index, has comparatively restricted publication of international news and commentary entitled be worth for the weather resistance evaluating paper.Folding endurance depends primarily on intensity, the factor such as mean length and interfibrous bonding force size of paper fibre itself.After weathering, more easily there is oxidation and fracture in Mierocrystalline cellulose body to the poor paper of weather resistance, makes papery start hardening embrittlement, show aging feature.By measuring the change of aging front and back pattern folding endurance, the weather resistance can evaluating paper is strong and weak.The then explanation weathering process that folding endurance performance index numeric ratio is larger is less to its paper fibre destructiveness, and the smaller then explanation weathering process of numerical value is larger to its paper fibre destructiveness.
By pattern by length and breadth to the paper slip of the sufficient amount of cutting growth 250mm, wide 15 ± 0.1mm, to ensure that vertical and horizontal respectively have 10 effective data (as fracture person within distance chuck 10mm, should remove and not remember).Pattern has not allowed any paper defects, and two limits of pattern should be straight, and otch should neatly without any damage.DC-MIT135B type computer observing and controlling folding endurance instrument (the Changjiang river papermaking Instrument Ltd.) is adopted to carry out the folding test (MIT folding endurance instrument method) of sample by GB GB/T2679.5 ~ 1995.
3, the mensuration of tearability
Tearability refers to time of tearing paper institute's work.In the index of physical strength representing paper, tearability has great importance.The present invention adopts interior method of Tearing to represent, refers under defined terms, and power required when being torn along otch by the paper cut, unit is mN.Owing to fiber will be pulled out from sample when paper is torn, or will fiber tear fracture, so the size of tearability depends on the mean length of fiber, next is interfibrous bonding force, the orientation of fiber, the intensity of fiber itself and the interleaving conditions etc. of fiber, and tearability increases along with the length of fiber and increases.By measuring the change of the pliable and tough posterior tear degree of simulation sample, the resistance to tearing can evaluating sample is strong and weak.
By paper by length and breadth to the paper slip of the sufficient amount of cutting growth 75 ± 2mm, wide 63 ± 0.5mm, to ensure that vertical and horizontal respectively have 10 effective data (as fracture person within distance chuck 10mm, should remove and not remember).10 effectively tests are done in each direction, if the end of sample tear line and edge of a knife extended line left and right deflection are more than 10mm, should discard and not remember.The tearability adopting DC-NPY13K type computer observing and controlling tearability instrument (the Changjiang river papermaking Instrument Ltd.) to carry out sample by GB GB/T455 ~ 2002 measures.
4, the mensuration of bursting strength
Bursting strength refers to the peak pressure of the even increase that paper can bear in unit surface, unit is kPa, it progressively applies pressure by the elasticity glued membrane of certain area to paper specifically, glued membrane is by sample jack-up in this process, when sample is by the moment of bursting, measure the peak pressure that sample can bear, be the bursting strength of sample.Bursting strength is a main physical indexes of paper, it represents that paper can bear the degree of external pressure when not breaking, represent total intensity and the homogeneity of paper, main by interfibrous bonding force, the mean length of fiber, the impact such as intertexture, arranging situation, elongation of the intensity of fiber itself, evenness and fiber.By measuring the change of aging front and back pattern bursting strength, the weather resistance can evaluating paper is strong and weak.The then explanation weathering process that bursting strength performance index numeric ratio is larger is less to its paper fibre destructiveness, and the smaller then explanation weathering process of numerical value is larger to its paper fibre destructiveness.
Regardless of being become by sheet trimming size to be the paper slip of 70mm × 70mm in length and breadth, do 10 effectively tests, if bursting form break at survey area periphery place show holding force too high or when clamping chuck rotate and cause sample damage, then should give up this and organize experimental data.DC-NPY1200 computer observing and controlling paper bursting strength instrument is adopted to carry out the bursting strength test of sample by GB GB/T450 ~ 2002.
5, color difference analysis
Common color can use red, green, blue three primary colours light with different ratios " spelling " out.For the ease of measuring color, according to colorimetry theory, the color of any coloured light can represent by tristimulus values.Tristimulus values can be measured objectively by optics way.To non-luminous body, can measure it certain standard light source irradiate under color (also referred to as object color), be in fact exactly collection sample reflected light, then measure the values of these reflected light.Adopt X-RiteVS-450 spectrophotometric determination four kinds of unguyed samples in the aging front and back of aging method and reinforce the aberration Δ E of sample, get 10 groups of more stable numerical value, then get its mean value.Specify that the larger account for color of Δ E value changes according to GB/T11186-1989 larger, otherwise then account for color changes less.
Above-mentioned test result is in table 1 ~ 4.
The test of table 1 UV-light thermal ageing blueness and the various physicals of red ball-point pen writing paper
Note: in table, experimental data is 10 Validity Test mean values.
The test of table 2 hydrothermal aging blueness and the various physicals of red ball-point pen writing paper
Note: in table, experimental data is 10 Validity Test mean values.
The test of the xeothermic aging blueness of table 3 and the various physicals of red ball-point pen writing paper
Note: in table, experimental data is 10 Validity Test mean values.
The test of the aging blueness of table 4 1% hydrochloric acid and the various physicals of red ball-point pen writing paper
Note: in table, experimental data is 10 Validity Test mean values.
In order to prove beneficial effect of the present invention further, contriver adopts the method for embodiment 1 directly to reinforce transfer paper, then carries out four kinds of weathering tests according to the method described above, tests aging front and back unguyed and reinforced the aberration of transfer paper, the results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 transfer paper aging front and back chromatic aberration
| Unguyed | Reinforce | |
| Ultraviolet | 13.38 | 8.31 |
| HCl | 9.94 | 2.45 |
| Damp and hot | 10.42 | 7.85 |
| Xeothermic | 12.68 | 8.78 |
Note: in table, experimental data is 10 Validity Test mean values.
Can draw to draw a conclusion from the experimental data of table 1 ~ 5:
(1) can be drawn by value of chromatism, the paper scribbling ball pen ink adopts the present invention to add after solid-liquid reinforces, not very large through ultraviolet ageing, hydrothermal aging chromatic aberration, and larger without the gap of the paper aberration after ultraviolet ageing and hydrothermal aging reinforced; Transfer paper chromatic aberration after above four kinds of aging methods are aging after adopting the present invention to add solid-liquid reinforcing is not very large, and larger without the gap of the transfer paper aberration after above four kinds of aging methods are aging reinforced.Illustrate that the present invention adds the color that solid-liquid can be good at keeping ball pen ink and transfer paper itself.
(2) the every mechanical strength value by comparing the ball pen ink sample after reinforcing and unguyed sample can be found out: every mechanical strength value (tensile strength of the sample after reinforcing, folding endurance, tearability, bursting strength value) though than unguyed sample mechanical strength value some reduce, but by contrast, every mechanical strength value of unguyed sample reduces rapidly after weathering, and the sample machinery strength retention after reinforcing is apparently higher than unguyed sample, this illustrates that the present invention adds the performance that solid-liquid not only can not destroy paper, and have good provide protection, the paper after reinforcing is made to have excellent physical strength and endurance quality, greatly can extend the life-span of paper.
In sum, adopt the present invention add solid-liquid and reinforcement means reinforce after ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing not only aesthetic in appearance, color has kept aberration little, and the performance of paper can not be destroyed, make the paper after reinforcing have excellent physical strength and endurance quality, the permanent preservation of the archives writing write for ballpoint pen or transfer paper is significant.
Claims (4)
1. one kind adds solid-liquid for ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing, it is characterized in that: this adds solid-liquid and is made up of component A and B component, wherein component A is mixed for 1:1 ~ 3:40 ~ 60:10 ~ 15 in mass ratio by phospho-wolframic acid, phosphoric acid, ethanol, distilled water, and B component is that 40 ~ 60:3 makes 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing for 3 ~ 4 hours by methyl alcohol and hydrated barta in mass ratio.
2. according to claim 1ly add solid-liquid for ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing, it is characterized in that: described component A by phospho-wolframic acid, phosphoric acid, ethanol, distilled water in mass ratio for 1:2:50:12.5 mixes.
3. according to claim 1ly add solid-liquid for ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing, it is characterized in that: described B component is made up 120 ± 5 DEG C of stirring and refluxing for 50:3 in mass ratio of methyl alcohol and hydrated barta for 3 ~ 4 hours.
4. adopt the method adding solid-liquid reinforcing ballpoint pen and transfer paper writing in claim 1, it is characterized in that it is made up of following step:
(1) clamp absorbent cotton with tweezers and dip the component A added in solid-liquid, be spread evenly across on ballpoint pen or transfer paper writing, natural air drying or dry up with blower;
(2) clamp absorbent cotton with tweezers and dip the B component added in solid-liquid, be spread evenly across on ballpoint pen or transfer paper writing, natural air drying or dry up with blower, then repeat coating B component 1 ~ 3 time.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105802323A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 陕西师范大学 | Ball-point pen and carbon paper diffuse handwriting elimination agent and application method thereof |
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| CN101935531A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-01-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Loess relic efflorescence-proof reinforcing agent and preparation and reinforcing method thereof |
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| CN101935531A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-01-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Loess relic efflorescence-proof reinforcing agent and preparation and reinforcing method thereof |
| CN102166916A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-08-31 | 陕西师范大学 | Method of protecting archives with red-ink handwriting from spreading and sinking in during process of papering and repairing |
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| CN105802323A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 陕西师范大学 | Ball-point pen and carbon paper diffuse handwriting elimination agent and application method thereof |
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