CN104725292A - Preparation method of (S)(-)-amisulpride - Google Patents
Preparation method of (S)(-)-amisulpride Download PDFInfo
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- CN104725292A CN104725292A CN201510127500.6A CN201510127500A CN104725292A CN 104725292 A CN104725292 A CN 104725292A CN 201510127500 A CN201510127500 A CN 201510127500A CN 104725292 A CN104725292 A CN 104725292A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/09—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms, not forming part of a nitro radical
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of (S)(-)-amisulpride. According to the preparation method, by introducing an R2 group which is selected from benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl, 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl, p-nitrobenzyl and p-methylbenzyl, on one hand, the steric hindrance is increased, the side reaction is avoided, on the other hand, amino is activated, the nucleophilicity of amino is increased, and the condensation reaction can be easily carried out at mild conditions. The preparation method has the characteristics that the raw materials are low in toxicity and easily available, and the reaction conditions are mild; the generation of chiral isomer dextroisomers is avoided; the preparation method is applicable to the industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pharmaceutical synthesis field, be specifically related to the preparation method of antipsychotic drug (S) (-)-amisulpride.
Background technology
Amisulpride be by
francethe one of Sanofi-Sythelabo company exploitation
novelatypical antipsychotic agents, alternative acts on dopamine D
2and D
3acceptor and playing a role, clinical benzamide derivatives is widely used in Europe and world wide, within 2011, in Discussion on Chinese Listed, be mainly used in the positive and the negative symptoms for the treatment of acute or chronic schizophrenia, have EPS few, can not the advantage such as raise blood sugar.Its levo form (S) (-)-amisulpride pharmacologically active is more than 2 times of raceme, and toxic side effect is less, and security is higher.(S) (-)-amisulpride structural formula is:
The synthetic method of the amisulpride of bibliographical information is had to have following a few class:
1)BE 0872585;ES 476755;FR 2415099;GB 2083458;JP 54145658;US 4294828;US 4401822;CN102838520;US6187807
2)FR 2460930;WO 9507877
3)WO2011158084
4)CN103819383,CN101898991
(S) (-)-amisulpride splits acquisition by the amisulpride of racemization, but its yield is low, separation and purification difficulty.Another kind of synthetic method first synthesizes key intermediate 4-amino-2-methoxyl group-5-ethylsulfonyl phenylformic acid (II), then obtain product (I) with (S)-(-)-1-ethyl-2-aminomethylpentazaneand (III) condensation.
In above-mentioned various bibliographical information; synthesis for key intermediate (II) has many methods and patent protection; this intermediate and another intermediate (III) all domestic industryization are produced; but as the condensation process of amisulpride committed step; mostly use poisonous reagent Vinyl chloroformate; toxicity is large, is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production.
In patent CN103819383 and CN101898991, although avoid using poisonous reagent, the yield of product and purity are also higher, but temperature of reaction is higher, scale effect is obvious, when being amplified to kilogram rank, speed of response is slow, the reaction times reaches the level that a couple of days could arrive laboratory lab scale, therefore, and also not easily suitability for industrialized production.
Therefore, develop an operational path being applicable to suitability for industrialized production and have important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the operational path of new preparation (S) (-)-amisulpride, have that the reaction times is short, raw material low toxicity is easy to get, the advantage of reaction conditions gentleness.
Described method comprises:
(1) shown in compound shown in formula IV and formula (V), compound carries out condensation reaction in the basic conditions, generates compound shown in formula VI;
Wherein: R
1be selected from the direct-connected of 1-4 carbon atom or branched-chain alkyl, or the direct-connected or branched-chain alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom of halogen atom replacement; R
2be selected from benzyl, to methoxybenzyl, 2,4-veratryls, to nitrobenzyl, to methyl-benzyl;
(2) shown in formula VI, compound sloughs R
2group, obtained product (S) (-)-amisulpride shown in formula I.
Preferably, R
1carbonatoms is selected from 1,2,3,4; Concrete R1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, the tertiary butyl, chloromethyl, brooethyl; Preferably, R1 is the tertiary butyl.
Preferably, R
2it is 2,4-veratryl.
In the method for the invention, shown in step (2) formula VI, compound sloughs R in acid condition
2group; Described acid is selected from hydrogen chloride methanol solution, the molectron of hydrochloric acid and tetrahydrofuran (THF) molectron, hydrochloric acid and acetone, methylsulfonic acid or trifluoroacetic acid.
Wherein compound (IV) with commercially available 4-amino-2-methoxyl group-5-ethylsulfonyl phenylformic acid (II) for starting raw material, with compound R
1cOX reacts obtained in the basic conditions, and X is chlorine, bromine atoms or hydroxyl.
Preferably, the temperature of reaction of step (1) is 10 ~ 20 DEG C.
Preferably, step (1) solvent for use is selected from one or more in acetone, acetonitrile, mibk, toluene; Preferably, solvent is acetonitrile.
Preferably, the alkali described in step (1) is selected from triethylamine, morpholine, N-methylmorpholine, salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, sodium tert-butoxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Preferably, in step (1), the mol ratio of compound (IV), compound (V) is 1:1.0 ~ 1.2.
Preferably, in step (1), the weight of compound (IV) and the volume ratio of solvent acetonitrile are 1:8 ~ 12.
The invention still further relates to a kind of intermediate, namely compound (V) is as the intermediate of synthesis (S) (-)-amisulpride, compound (V) with commercially available L-PROLINE for raw material, obtain through monobromethane replacement, condensation, reduction, concrete route is as follows:
Wherein, the reductive agent of described reduction reaction is selected from lithium aluminum hydride, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, diisobutyl aluminium hydride, diborane, sodium/liquefied ammonia; Preferred diborane.
Preferably, the solvent of described reduction reaction is tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, two sulphur methyl ethers.
Preferably, the condensing agent of described condensation reaction is selected from N, the composition of the composition of the composition of N-carbonyl dimidazoles (CDI), N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), DMAP (DMAP), diisopropyl azodiformate (DIAD) and triphenylphosphine (Ph3P), the trimethyl carbinol and 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), triethylamine and pivaloyl chloride.
Preferably, the temperature of described condensation reaction is-10 ~ 10 DEG C.
Preferably, the mol ratio of described condensation reaction (S)-1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid and condensing agent is 1:1.1 ~ 1.2.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the preparation of (S)-1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
L-PROLINE 75g, potassium hydroxide 131g and 500ml dehydrated alcohol are put in 1000ml four-hole bottle, is stirred in 25 DEG C and dissolves completely, then slowly drip the solution of monobromethane 85g and dehydrated alcohol 100ml.Dropwise, continue stirring reaction 4h, be then warming up to 35 DEG C of reaction 1.5h.React complete, adjust pH to 4 ~ 5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, suction filtration, decompression recycling ethanol, separate out white solid, dry target product 88.1g, yield 94.7%.
Embodiment two: the preparation of (S)-N-(2,4-veratryl)-1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-methane amide
By N, N-carbonyl dimidazoles (CDI) 112g, methylene dichloride 400ml join in 1000ml four-hole bottle, stirring and dissolving, add (S)-1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 86g that step obtains in batches, stirring at room temperature 3h, then temperature control 0 ~ 10 DEG C is added drop-wise in the solution of 2,4-dimethoxybenzylamine 110g and methylene dichloride 100ml, drip and finish, be warmed up to 30 DEG C of reactions and spend the night.Add 300ml water, stirring, standing, layering, organic layer uses the solution washing of the sodium bicarbonate 300ml of 5% again, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filters, removes organic solvent under reduced pressure, obtain faint yellow solid 151.2g, yield 86.3%.
Embodiment three: (S)-(2,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-N-[(1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-base) methyl] preparation of methylamine
Under nitrogen protection; (S)-N-(2 that upper step is obtained; 4-veratryl)-1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-methane amide 146g, anhydrous tetrahydro furan (THF) 500ml join in 2000ml four-hole bottle; be cooled to-15 ~-10 DEG C, drip the tetrahydrofuran solution 750ml of the diborane of 1mol/L, drip and finish; be warming up to 35 DEG C of stirring reactions to spend the night; then be cooled to-15 DEG C, drip 200ml frozen water, release a large amount of gas.PH to 10 ~ 11 adjusted by the mixed solution potassium hydroxide of 10%, by 500ml ether extraction 3 times, merge organic layer, wash 2 times with saturated sodium-chloride water solution 50ml, wash 1 time with water 500ml, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filter, remove solvent under reduced pressure in 25 DEG C, obtain pale yellow oil 118.3g.Yield 85.1%.
The preparation of embodiment four: 4-amino-2-methoxyl group-5-ethylsulfonyl phenylformic acid trimethylacetic acid acid anhydride
Under the protection of nitrogen; acetone 400ml, 4-amino-2-methoxyl group-5-ethylsulfonyl phenylformic acid 100g is joined in 1000ml four-hole bottle; stir, be cooled to 0 ~ 10 DEG C, drip triethylamine 43g, dropwise; stir 15 minutes; then reaction solution is cooled to-5 ~ 0 DEG C, temperature control-5 ~ 5 DEG C, drip the solution of pivaloyl chloride 55.8g and 100ml acetone; dropwise, stirring reaction 1.5 hours.Reaction solution is directly used in the next step.
Embodiment five: (S)-N-(2,4-veratryl)-4-amino-N-[(1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-base) methyl] preparation of-5-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-anisole acid amides
Temperature control 0 ~ 10 DEG C, by (S) that obtain-(2,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-N-[(1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-base) methyl] methylamine 118g is dissolved in acetone 100ml, is added drop-wise in step reaction solution, drip and finish, be warmed up to 10 ~ 20 DEG C and stir 4 hours.Reaction terminates, and reclaim under reduced pressure major part acetone, add 500ml water, stir 1 hour, filter, filter cake use water 100ml drip washing, filter cake, in 50 DEG C of vacuum-dryings 6 hours, obtains off-white color crystal 156.6g, yield 78.2%
Embodiment six: the preparation of (S) (-)-amisulpride (I)
S by upper step obtains)-N-(2; 4-veratryl)-4-amino-N-[(1-ethyl pyrrolidine-2-base) methyl]-5-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-anisole acid amides 150g adds in the hydrogen chloride methanol solution 500ml of 1.25mol/L; stirring at room temperature 2h; then pH10 ~ 11 are adjusted with 40% sodium hydroxide solution; stir 2h; with 250ml dichloromethane extraction 3 times; merge organic layer; dense dry in 25 DEG C of decompressions; resistates 400ml water making beating 2h, suction filtration, dries (S) (-)-amisulpride 92.5g.
Claims (10)
1. prepare a method for (S) (-)-amisulpride, described method comprises:
(1) shown in compound shown in formula IV and formula (V), compound carries out condensation reaction in the basic conditions, generates compound shown in formula VI;
Wherein: R
1be selected from the direct-connected of 1-4 carbon atom or branched-chain alkyl, or the direct-connected or branched-chain alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom of halogen atom replacement; R
2be selected from benzyl, to methoxybenzyl, 2,4-veratryls, to nitrobenzyl, to methyl-benzyl;
(2) shown in formula VI, compound sloughs R
2group, obtained product (S) (-)-amisulpride.
2. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 1, shown in above-mentioned steps (2) formula VI, compound sloughs R in acid condition
2group.
3. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 1, wherein R
1for the tertiary butyl.
4. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 1, wherein R
2it is 2,4-veratryl.
5. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 1, the temperature of reaction of step (1) is 10 ~ 20 DEG C.
6. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described alkali is selected from triethylamine, morpholine, N-methylmorpholine, salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, sodium tert-butoxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
7. prepare the method for (S) (-)-amisulpride according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described acid is selected from hydrogen chloride methanol solution, the molectron of hydrochloric acid and tetrahydrofuran (THF) molectron, hydrochloric acid and acetone, methylsulfonic acid or trifluoroacetic acid.
8. synthesize an intermediate for (S) (-)-amisulpride, its structure is as follows:
Wherein, R2 be selected from benzyl, to methoxybenzyl, 2,4-veratryls, to nitrobenzyl, to methyl-benzyl.
9. synthesize a synthetic method for the intermediate of (S) (-)-amisulpride as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, take L-PROLINE as raw material, and obtain through monobromethane replacement, condensation, reduction, its synthetic route is as follows:
Wherein, the reductive agent used that reduces is selected from lithium aluminum hydride, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, diisobutyl aluminium hydride, diborane, sodium/liquefied ammonia.
10. synthetic method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described reductive agent is diborane.
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Cited By (3)
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WO2019113084A1 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-13 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
US10576058B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2020-03-03 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
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WO2011158084A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Lupin Limited | An improved process for preparation of amisulpride |
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JP2021505595A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-02-18 | サノビオン ファーマシューティカルズ インクSunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal form and its manufacturing method |
US10577317B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2020-03-03 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
US10576058B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2020-03-03 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
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CN112236138A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-01-15 | 赛诺维信制药公司 | Crystalline forms and methods of making the same |
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US11517558B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-12-06 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
US11767293B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2023-09-26 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
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US11160758B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2021-11-02 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Modified release formulations and uses thereof |
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