CN104724134A - Railway wagon bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway wagon bogie. The railway wagon bogie comprises axles, swing bolsters, guide frame type side frames, wheels and axle box spring suspension devices, wherein each axle box spring suspension device comprises a rubber blanket, an adapter and a side frame, each rubber blanket is provided with an upper liner plate, a lower liner plate and rubber clamped and fixed between the corresponding upper liner plate and the lower liner plate, each upper liner plate is pressed on the working surface of the corresponding side frame, and the working surface of each adapter is pressed on the corresponding lower liner plate; the upper liner plates and the lower liner plates are all flat plates, and the working surfaces of the side frames and the adapters are all flat faces matched with the flat plates. Under the premise that the bearing capacity is not reduced, the bogie has a lighter weight, and the frictional loss between the wheels and a track can be greatly relieved.

Description

A kind of bogie truck of railway truck

Technical field

The present invention relates to rolling stock technical field, particularly a kind of railway truck and bogie truck thereof.

Background technology

Along with user pursues the raising of profit maximization requirement objective, the axle of railway truck is heavy constantly to be increased, also corresponding continuing to increase of conducting oneself with dignity, therefore just has higher requirement to bogie truck.

In prior art, bogie truck generally comprises wheel to, parts such as side frame, bolster, spring suspension system, adapter, shock attenuation unit, brake equipment, and above each parts are that bogie truck normally works requisite critical component.Railway freight-car transporting ability is stronger, the bearing load that bogie truck bears is larger, correspondingly, the intensity forming each parts of more than bogie truck is also larger, at present, the loading strength increasing each parts of more than bogie truck mainly increases the thickness of each parts, and the component thickness of composition bogie truck increases, and bogie truck overall weight certainly will be caused also to increase.

Like this, except the carried and transported load of vehicle, vehicle self for the application force also corresponding increase of track, take turns to the abrasion between track also corresponding increase, rail occur damage phenomenon more serious.

Therefore, how under the prerequisite of bearing identical load transported, the weight ratio of this bogie truck is comparatively light, slows down the friction between wheel track, is those skilled in that art's technical matterss urgently to be resolved hurrily.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention, for providing a kind of bogie truck of railway truck, under the prerequisite not reducing load-carrying capacity, has lighter weight, greatly can slow down the frictional loss between wheel track.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of bogie truck of railway truck, comprise axletree, bolster, drawing strickle guide formula side frame, wheel and axle box spring suspension device, described axle box spring suspension device comprises rubber pad, adapter and side frame, the rubber that described rubber pad is provided with liner plate, lower liner plate and is clamped between described upper liner plate and described lower liner plate, the driving surface that described upper liner plate presses in the driving surface of described side frame, described adapter presses in described lower liner plate; Described upper liner plate, described lower liner plate are flat board, and the driving surface of described side frame, the driving surface of described adapter are the plane matched with described flat board.

Preferably, described upper liner plate, the described lower liner plate of described rubber pad are equipped with multiple first locations, and the driving surface of described side frame, the driving surface of described adapter are equipped with the second locations be located by connecting with described first locations.

Preferably, described first locations is the alignment pin (K1) being embedded in described rubber pad, and described second locations is the dowel hole (K2) embedded for described alignment pin (K1).

Preferably, described alignment pin (K1) runs through described rubber pad, and its both ends stretch out described upper liner plate, described lower liner plate respectively, to form described first locations be wholely set up and down.

Preferably, described first locations is distributed in described rubber pad along the longitudinal direction of described side frame.

Preferably, described axletree comprises axle body, is connected to wheel seat, dust guard seat and axle journal outside described axle body two successively, and described journal engagement is connected with bearing; Described dust guard seat ecto-entad is provided with cylindrical section, transition phase successively, described cylindrical section coordinates with shelves after the bearing of described bearing, and the axial length of described cylindrical section equals the axial length of the mating holes of shelves after described bearing, the end face of described transition phase increases to described wheel seat gradually by described cylindrical section.

Preferably, the bus of described transition phase comprises the oblique line and curve that seamlessly transit, and described transition phase and described cylindrical section seamlessly transit.

Preferably, the bus of described transition phase comprises the first circular arc, the first oblique line and the second circular arc from outside to inside successively, and the bus of described cylindrical section is through the tangent line of described first circular arc, described first oblique line is the outside common tangent of described first circular arc, described second circular arc.

Preferably, shelves interference fit after described cylindrical section and described bearing.

Preferably, the end of described axle body has the bolt hole group for fixed type bearing; The number of described bolt hole group is at least two, and one of them coordinates fixing described bearing with bolt, all the other are in stand-by state.

Preferably, each described bolt hole group is provided with several bolts hole, and described in several of each described bolt hole group, bolt hole is evenly arranged along the circumference of described axle body.

Preferably, all described spiro keyhole positions in circumferentially same, and are evenly arranged along the circumference of described axle body; Each described bolt hole group all arranges three bolts hole.

Preferably, also comprise a screw plug group, the screw plug shutoff sealing of described screw plug group is in the bolt hole of the described bolt hole group of stand-by state; Described screw plug comprises screwed cylindrical body, and the mounting end of described cylindrical body is flange plate structure; The mounting end of described cylindrical body has blind hole.

Preferably, described drawing strickle guide formula side frame comprises bolster installing frame and is symmetrical set two drawing strickle guides in described bolster installing frame, it is characterized in that, the transition position of each described drawing strickle guide and described bolster installing frame and/or the lower boom of described bolster installing frame are provided with reinforcement stud.

Preferably, described reinforcement stud is symmetrical arranged relative to the line of centers of described side frame, and described reinforcement stud extends to its left part by the right part of described lower boom.

Preferably, described bolster installing frame comprises top boom, described lower boom, left border and Right Border, and two described drawing strickle guides are arranged at the upper lateral part of described left border and described Right Border respectively.

Preferably, along straight up, the sectional area of described left border and described Right Border increases progressively.

Preferably, each described drawing strickle guide is in falling " U " font structure, and comprise upside frame and two side frames, described reinforcement stud (S) is arranged between described bolster installing frame and frame junction, described upside.

Preferably, described wheel comprises wheel rim, disc and wheel hub, the tread of described wheel rim is the dip plane that relatively described wheel axis tilts, the described wheel rim another side relative with described tread comprises near the inboard face of described lorry body and the lateral surface away from described lorry body, in described wheel axis cross section, the port edge line (L) of described inboard face and described lateral surface tilts along the direction of tilt of described tread.

Preferably, the parallel described tread of described line (L).

Preferably, described inboard face, described lateral surface are the inclined-plane that relatively described wheel axis tilts, and described inclined-plane is connected with the arc surface transition of described disc.

Preferably, described inboard face, described lateral surface are the vertical plane being parallel to described wheel axis, and described vertical plane is connected with the arc surface transition of described disc.

Preferably, described bolster comprises sidewall, upper head plate, bottom plate, and is positioned at the spring bearing platform at bolster two ends, and described sidewall, described upper head plate and described bottom plate enclose the abdominal cavity structure forming described bolster inside jointly, described sidewall has lightening hole, and described bolster is provided with reinforced rib; Described reinforced rib is arranged in described bolster abdominal cavity, and corresponds to described spring bearing platform corner, and described reinforced rib is connected with described upper head plate, described bottom plate up and down respectively.

Preferably, described lightening hole distributes axisymmetricly about bolster central axis.

Preferably, described sidewall center has a pair brake unit assembly hole, and described lightening hole is positioned at the both sides of described brake unit assembly hole.

Preferably, the profile of described lightening hole and the profile of described side wall ends match.

Preferably, also comprise the spring damping structure be arranged between described bolster and described side frame, described spring damping structure comprises the external spiral spring and inside spin spring that vertically arrange, described external spiral spring is identical with the height of described inside spin spring, and the internal diameter of described external spiral spring is greater than the external diameter of described inside spin spring, described external spiral spring housing is loaded on the inside of described inside spin spring.

Have the bogie truck of above feature under the prerequisite not reducing load-carrying capacity, weight alleviates greatly, greatly slow down the wear phenomenon between wheel and track, improves the service life of wheel and track.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of bogie truck in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front elevation of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the partial schematic sectional view of bogie truck of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is axle box spring suspension device assembly relation schematic diagram in specific embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of rubber pad in specific embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the adapter matched with rubber pad in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the side frame matched with rubber pad in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of a kind of detailed description of the invention of the axletree of a kind of railway truck provided by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the another kind of detailed description of the invention of the axletree of a kind of railway truck provided by the present invention;

Figure 10 is the end construction schematic diagram of axletree in Fig. 8;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of screw plug in specific embodiment;

Figure 12 shows the structural representation of side frame provided by the present invention;

Figure 13 shows the A-A of side frame shown in Figure 12 to sectional structure schematic diagram;

Figure 14 is that in the wheel of railway truck in detailed description of the invention and prior art, the car wheel structure of railway truck contrasts schematic diagram;

Figure 15 is the structural representation of the first detailed description of the invention of truck bolster for railway wagon provided by the present invention;

Figure 16 is the birds-eye view of truck bolster for railway wagon shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of truck bolster for railway wagon provided by the present invention;

Figure 18 is the birds-eye view of truck bolster for railway wagon shown in Figure 17.

Wherein, the one-to-one relationship in Fig. 1 to Figure 18 between component names and Reference numeral is as follows:

Axle box spring suspension device 1, rubber pad 111, adapter 112, side frame 113; Upper liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112, rubber 1113, adapter driving surface 1121, side frame driving surface 1131; Alignment pin K1, dowel hole K2;

Axletree 2, axle body 21, wheel seat 22; Shelves 2100 after dust guard seat 23, cylindrical section 231, transition phase 232, first circular arc 2321, first oblique line 2322, second circular arc 2323, axle journal 24, bearing;

First bolt hole 11a, the second bolt hole 12a, screw plug 213, cylindrical body 2131, mounting end 2132, blind hole 2132a;

Side frame 3, bolster installing frame 31, lower boom 311, top boom 312, lightening hole 313, left drawing strickle guide 32, right drawing strickle guide 33, reinforcement stud S, line of centers O;

Wheel 4, wheel rim 410, disc 420, wheel hub 430; Tread 411, inboard face 412, lateral surface 413; Line L.;

Bolster 5, sidewall 51, upper head plate 52, bottom plate 53, cartridge face 54, spring bearing platform 55, lightening hole 56, reinforced rib 57, side bearing box 58, brake unit assembly hole 59;

Spring damping structure 6, the external spiral spring 61, the inside spin spring 62 that vertically arrange.

Detailed description of the invention

Core of the present invention, for providing a kind of bogie truck, under the prerequisite not reducing load-carrying capacity, has lighter weight, greatly can slow down the frictional loss between wheel track.

In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.

Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the invention provides a kind of bogie truck of railway truck, this bogie truck comprises axletree 2, bolster 5, drawing strickle guide formula side frame 3, wheel 4 and axle box spring suspension device 1, and wherein axle box spring suspension device 1 comprises side frame 113, rubber pad 111 and adapter 112.Wherein, rubber pad 111 is provided with liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112 and is clamped on the rubber 1113 of liner plate 1111 and lower liner plate 1112, and this rubber pad 111 is pressed and fixed between the drawing strickle guide of side frame 113 and adapter 112.Particularly, when mounted, the upper liner plate 1111 of rubber pad 111 presses and is resisted against the side frame driving surface 1131 of side frame 113, and adapter 112 pushes from bottom to top, press to make adapter driving surface 1121 and be resisted against lower liner plate 1112, so to realize the assembling of axle box spring suspension device 1.

Unlike the prior art, on this, liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112 are flat board, and as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, adapter driving surface 1121, side frame driving surface 1131 are also plane, thus match with upper liner plate 1111, the plate shaped of lower liner plate 1112, press connection to realize actv..

Setting like this, clamps rubber 1113 by the upper liner plate 1111 of slab construction, lower liner plate 1112, thus forms plate shaped rubber pad 111, and planform is simple, be easy to shape; Meanwhile, the side frame driving surface 1131 coordinated with it, adapter driving surface 1121 all adopt plane, thus make side frame 113, complexity that adapter 112 can evade splayed processing, simplified processing process, manufacturability is better, effectively can improve work efficiency.

And, pressed by plane and be fitted and connected, be easy to guarantee reliable and stable connection, and its assembly manipulation is simple, effectively can evade the troublesome operation that in fitting process, upper liner plate 1111 need accurately be aimed at each position of adapter driving surface 1121 with side frame driving surface 1131, lower liner plate 1112 by operating personal.

In addition, compared with prior art, when rubber pad 111 is identical along the longitudinal span of side frame 113, the rubber pad 111 of the axle box spring suspension device 1 that this programme provides, the volume of adapter 112 all effectively reduce, and then, greatly reduce rubber pad 111 and the weight of adapter 112, also namely reduce the complete vehicle weight of railway truck, significantly promote it and load transport capacity.

Further, upper liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112 are equipped with multiple first locations, and side frame driving surface 1131, adapter driving surface 1121 are equipped with the second locations be located by connecting with the first locations simultaneously.So, to be effectively fixedly connected with rubber pad 111 and side frame 113, adapter 112, the fixing of axle box spring suspension device 1 structure is promoted.

It should be noted that, " first, second " is adopted to limit the locations of coupling connection mutually herein, wherein, being located at, rubber pad 111 is the first locations, being located at, side frame driving surface 1131, adapter driving surface 1121 be the second locations, and the first locations mutually mates with the second locations and is located by connecting, to make rubber pad 111 and side frame 113, adapter 112 is reliable and stable is connected.Therefore, adopting " first, second " to limit two locationss of coupling mutually, is only in order to clear statement technical scheme, is not construed as limiting the technical scheme of the application's request protection.

In a kind of specific embodiment, shown in composition graphs 5, the first locations is the alignment pin K1 being embedded in rubber pad 111, and the second corresponding locations is that the dowel hole K2 mated with alignment pin K1, alignment pin K1 embed spacing in dowel hole K2 fixing.

Further, alignment pin K1 runs through rubber pad 111, and the surface of liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112 is stretched out at its both ends respectively, so arranges, can shape all-in-one-piece first locations.Therefore, by the first locations of this structure, rubber pad 111 can be made simultaneously to locate with side frame 113, adapter 112, promote the particularity that it is located by connecting, and connect more stable, firm.

Certainly, alignment pin K1 (the first locations) also can be set respectively on upper liner plate 1111, lower liner plate 1112 and connect corresponding dowel hole K2 for spacing respectively, can be shown in Figure 5 in the lump.

It should be noted that, first locations is not limited in alignment pin K1, the second corresponding locations is also not limited in dowel hole K2, such as the first locations also can be the projection of the shapes such as square, polygon, the second corresponding locations is the groove matched with projection, therefore, first locations and the second locations only need mutually to be located by connecting, with rubber pad 111 and side frame 113, the adapter 112 of being located by connecting.Certainly, the first locations and the second locations also interchangeable.

For above-described embodiment, also to above-mentioned first locations optimal design, the uniform setting of its longitudinal direction along side frame 113 can be made.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the number running through the integral type alignment pin K1 of rubber pad 111 is set to two, and these two alignment pin K1 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of side frame 113, and are arranged on the center line of rubber pad 111.When adopting plate rubber pad 111, be more conducive to alignment pin K1 to arrange along the longitudinal direction of side frame 113, adapt to railway truck operational process, guarantee that it is located reliable and stablely.Meanwhile, dowel hole K2 is longitudinally arranged on adapter driving surface 1121, and the dowel hole K2 evaded on adapter 112 penetrates adapter driving surface 1121, promote the intensity of adapter 112.

It should be noted that, the number of alignment pin K1 sets according to actual location connection requirement, its concrete number also can be three, four and more than, only need to make full use of rubber pad 111 installation space, and guarantee the intensity of rubber pad 111 and the number of connection reliability.

Please refer to Fig. 8, the axletree 2 that invention further provides a kind of railway truck comprises axle body 21, the wheel seat 22 being connected to axle body 21 liang of outsides successively, dust guard seat 23 and axle journal 24, axle journal 24 is connected with bearing, and dust guard seat 23 ecto-entad is provided with cylindrical section 231, transition phase 232 successively; Cylindrical section 231 coordinates with shelves 2100 after the bearing of bearing, and the axial length of cylindrical section 231 equals the axial length of the mating holes of shelves 2100 after bearing, and the end face of transition phase 232 increases to wheel seat 22 gradually by cylindrical section 231.

Adopt this structure, after bearing, the mating holes of shelves 2100 is cylindrical hole, therefore the cylindrical section 231 of dust guard seat 23 can be formed with it and closely cooperate, because the length of cylindrical section 231 is identical with the length of mating holes, also namely the length of cylindrical section 231 is meet the minimum length coordinating demand with shelves after bearing 2100, compared with prior art, when dust guard seat 23 total axial length is constant, the length of transition phase 232 is much larger than the length of existing arc steps, that is, the most end face of this dust guard seat 23 all increases, and transition phase 232 is axially more close to the position of wheel seat 22, its end face is more close to the end face of wheel seat 22.Therefore, compared with prior art, the stress between dust guard seat 23 and wheel seat 22 reduces, and enhances the bending strength at this place, improves the functional reliability of whole axletree.

The shape of above-mentioned transition phase 232 can have varied.

As shown in Figure 8, the bus of above-mentioned transition phase 232 comprises the oblique line and curve that seamlessly transit, and transition phase 232 and cylindrical section 231 seamlessly transit.

Adopt this structure, transition phase 232 and cylindrical section 231 seamlessly transit can be avoided producing flex point therebetween and under stressing conditions, produce stress concentrate, and similarly, seamlessly transits and transition phase 232 can be avoided to produce stress concentrate between oblique line and curve.Therefore, this structure avoids the generation of new weak part while ensureing the bending strength of enhancing dust guard seat 23, ensures the working stability of axletree further.

In concrete scheme, as shown in Figure 8, the bus of above-mentioned transition phase 232 can comprise the first circular arc 321, first oblique line 322 and the second circular arc 323 from outside to inside successively, and the bus of cylindrical section 231 is through the tangent line of the first circular arc 321, the first oblique line 322 is the outside common tangent of the first circular arc 321, second circular arc 323.

Like this, both achieved the first circular arc 321 seamlessly transitting relative to cylindrical section 231, also achieved seamlessly transitting in transition phase 232 simultaneously, and whole dust guard seat 23 end face had from outside to inside been increased gradually and avoids the weak part producing stress and concentrate.

Can expect, the bus of above-mentioned transition phase 232, not only for the structure of an oblique line and two sections of circular arcs, can also arrange other numbers, the oblique line of other shapes and curve.Such as, the combination of two sections of oblique lines and two sections of circular arcs, or the combination of a section of circular arc, one section of oblique line and one section of elliptic arc, etc.

Certainly, above-mentioned transition phase 232 is not also only for the array mode of oblique line and curve, and the bus of above-mentioned transition phase 232 is oblique line.

In another kind of concrete scheme, as shown in Figure 9, the diameter of the axle body 21 of this axletree increases from inside to outside gradually.

The moment of flexure of bearing due to the axle body 21 of axletree is less, therefore, if axle body 21 is set to cylinder, its bending strength is too much rich, after adopting above-mentioned taper axle body 21, the bending strength of axle body 21 can be made suitably to reduce but be enough to ensure that bending strength is enough, and reducing the weight of axletree, reduce the raw MAT'L that axletree uses, reduce the production of axletree, tooling cost.

Further, please refer to Figure 10, the end of axle body 21 has the bolt hole group for fixed type bearing.Particularly, the end of axle body 21 is provided with two bolt hole groups, and wherein, the first bolt hole group coordinates the end described bearing being fixed on axle body 21 with bolt, and the second bolt hole group is in stand-by state.

That is, during practical set, only have the first bolt hole group to use.

As above after arranging, vehicle operating a period of time, when axletree is overhauled, if the first bolt hole 11a of the first bolt hole group has damage, then without the need to placing under repair to the first bolt hole 11a, directly can use the second bolt hole group, coordinate namely by bolt and the second bolt hole group the end described bearing being fixed on axle body 21.Operation like this, obviously substantially reduces maintenance workload, significantly improves overhaul efficiency; And, second bolt hole group is the same with the first bolt hole group, all formed when axletree batch manufacturing, that is, second bolt hole group for subsequent use is manufactured by special axletree originating firm, comparatively overhaul unit is better in size and positional precision etc. for the production facilities of general manufacturer, second bolt hole group for subsequent use is newly holed with overhaul unit, compared with the bolt hole of tapping, quality is higher, more easily ensure, thus effectively can guarantee the reliability that axletree is connected with bearing, improve the safety that guideway vehicle runs.

In such scheme, the end of axle body 21 is provided with two bolt hole groups, actual when arranging, if conditions permit, more bolt hole group also can be set, as three bolt hole groups, like this, bolt hole group for subsequent use is two, can improve overhaul efficiency and repair quality further.

For ease of describing, hereafter still two bolt hole groups being set for axle body 21 end and being described, should be appreciated that for more bolt hole group be also applicable.

In concrete scheme, the first bolt hole group is provided with three the first bolt hole 11a, and the second bolt hole group is provided with three the second bolt hole 12a.

Typically, three-point fix, three bolts hole are enough to guarantee that bearing is connected with the reliable of axle body 21.

Certainly, when actual setting, if unfailing performance accesses guarantee, it is also feasible that each bolt hole group arranges two bolts hole, similarly, more more number (as four) bolt hole is also feasible, and that is, each bolt hole group can arrange several (being greater than two) bolts hole.

Further, three the first bolt hole 11a of the first bolt hole group are evenly arranged along the circumference of axle body 21, and three the second bolt hole 12a of the second bolt hole group are also evenly arranged along the circumference of axle body 21.

Setting like this, after bearing is installed, the transmission of stressed and power etc. distribute evenly.

Further, three the first bolt hole 11a and three the second bolt hole 12a, totally six spiro keyhole positions are in circumferentially same, and are evenly arranged along the circumference of axle body 21.

Setting like this, all bolts hole that the end of axle body 21 is arranged are symmetrical, and make the stressed more even of axletree, structure is more stable.

In addition, because each spiro keyhole position is in circumferentially same, and the uniform setting of bolt hole of each bolt hole group, so corresponding mounting hole can only arrange one group on bearing, when needs use bolt hole group for subsequent use, only bearing need be turned an angle, utilize bolt hole group for subsequent use to realize installing, convenient and swift.

Above-mentioned is often to organize the location arrangements situation that three bolts hole illustrate bolt hole, is appreciated that for the bolt hole group with other number bolts hole, applicable equally.

On the basis of above-mentioned each scheme, described axletree 2 also comprises a screw plug group, and the screw plug 213 of this screw plug group seals the second bolt hole 12a of the second bolt hole group for shutoff.

Obviously, the number of the screw plug 213 of screw plug group is corresponding with the number of the second bolt hole 12a.Specific in the program, screw plug 213 is set to three.

Due under normal operating condition, the first bolt hole 11a of the first bolt hole group is only had to be in using state, second bolt hole 12a of the second bolt hole group may occur getting rusty or enter the phenomenon that foreign matter etc. causes thread failure, thus cannot use, adopt screw plug 213 by after the second bolt hole 12a shutoff sealing, the generation of above-mentioned phenomenon can be avoided, reduce the work capacity of axletree maintenance further, improve overhaul efficiency and effect.

Please refer to Figure 11, in concrete scheme, screw plug 213 comprises screwed cylindrical body 2131, and during assembling, this cylindrical body 2131 screws in the second bolt hole 12a, its shutoff is sealed.

The mounting end 2132 of this cylindrical body 2131 is set to flange plate structure, and mounting end 2132 can also be provided with blind hole 132a.So, after cylindrical body 2131 screws in the second bolt hole 12a, the flange plate structure of mounting end 2132 can with the end abutment of axle body 21, the installation and removal of screw plug 213 can be convenient on the one hand, foreign material etc. also can be avoided on the other hand to enter in the second bolt hole 12a from the gap between cylindrical body 2131 and the second bolt hole 12a damage is caused to it.

On the basis of the various embodiments described above, improve further herein to side frame 3, concrete improvement is as described below.

For side frame description described in relate to the noun of locality " on ", D score, "left", "right", " front " and " afterwards " set for benchmark with Figure 13 in Figure of description, it should be noted that, wherein in Figure 13, close reader side is front, otherwise after away from reader side being.And bolster installing frame and drawing strickle guide have different lexical or textual analysis to adopt the noun of locality " interior " and " outward " to illustrate, particularly, bolster installing frame is referred to that enclosing by top boom, lower boom, left border and Right Border the square hole formed for putting spring suspension gear is benchmark, near square hole side for interior and be outward away from square hole; When drawing strickle guide is referred to assemble with axle box in axle box side is, be outward away from axle box side.Be appreciated that the appearance of the above-mentioned noun of locality does not limit protection scope of the present invention.

Refer to Figure 12-Figure 13, drawing strickle guide formula side frame comprises bolster installing frame 31 and is symmetrically arranged at left drawing strickle guide 32 and the right drawing strickle guide 33 of bolster installing frame 31.

Particularly, bolster installing frame 31 is specially and encloses by top boom 312, lower boom 311, left border and Right Border the class square structure formed, and wherein top boom 312, lower boom 311, left border and Right Border are the body structure comprising interior plate, outer panel, front side plate and rear quarter panel and form.

Left drawing strickle guide 32 is in falling " U " font structure, be made up of upper side frame and two side frames, and upper side frame and two side frames are all for enclosing by inside and outside side plate and front and back side plate the body structure formed, wherein the left border of left drawing strickle guide 32 is extended to form downwards by upper side frame, and the Right Border of left drawing strickle guide 32 is formed on the outer panel of bolster installing frame 31 left border.Equally, right drawing strickle guide 33 is in falling " U " font structure, be made up of upper side frame and two side frames, and upper side frame and two side frames are all for enclosing by inside and outside side plate and front and back side plate the body structure formed, wherein, the Right Border of right drawing strickle guide 33 is extended to form downwards by upper side frame, and the left border of right drawing strickle guide 33 is formed on the outer panel of bolster installing frame 31 Right Border.

It is emphasized that, the upper side frame of left drawing strickle guide 32 and right drawing strickle guide 33 is arranged at the left border of bolster installing frame 31 and the upper lateral part of Right Border respectively, simply rational in infrastructure, and on the basis meeting assembly technology requirement, reduce the volume of drawing strickle guide as much as possible, alleviate its weight.Certainly, on the basis meeting side frame and bolster and the requirement of axle box assembly technology, two drawing strickle guides also can be arranged at middle part or the bottom of bolster installing frame 31.

During assembling, bolster is connected on the outer panel of lower boom 311 of bolster installing frame 31 by spring suspension system elasticity, left drawing strickle guide 32 and right drawing strickle guide 33 insert in the guide groove of left axle box and right axle box respectively, to make there is larger relative displacement between side frame 3 and corresponding axle box in vertical, and direction is only allowed by less gap all around.

It should be noted that, above-mentioned drawing strickle guide formula side frame is also provided with three and strengthens stud S, particularly, as shown in Figure 2, strengthen stud S for first and be arranged at bolster installing frame 31 and left drawing strickle guide 32 transition position, also namely first strengthen stud S in bolster installing frame 31 left border in outer panel and left drawing strickle guide 32 upper side frame between outer panel; Strengthen stud S for second and be arranged at bolster installing frame 31 and right drawing strickle guide 33 transition position, also namely second strengthen stud S in bolster installing frame 31 Right Border in outer panel and right drawing strickle guide 33 upper side frame between outer panel; Strengthen between interior plate that stud S is arranged at bolster installing frame 31 lower boom 311 and outer panel for 3rd.

This drawing strickle guide formula side frame is by the transition position at bolster installing frame 31 and left drawing strickle guide 32 and right drawing strickle guide 33, and the lower boom 311 of bolster mounting hole is all arranged reinforcement stud S, under the prerequisite of excessive impact is not produced on side frame 3 overall weight, greatly optimize the loading strength of side frame 3 area of stress concentration, thus enhance the loading strength of drawing strickle guide formula side frame 3 entirety, and then improve vehicle load.

In addition, this programme strengthens stud S mode by means of only arranging in side frame area of stress concentration, strengthens its integrated carrying ability dexterously, compares compared to traditional approachs such as enhancing side frame guide wall thickness, significantly reduce manufacturing cost, and less on the impact of side frame 3 overall weight.

It should be noted that, the reinforcement stud S of lower boom 311 extends to right part by its left part, also the length namely strengthening stud S is basically identical with the length of lower boom 311, so greatly can improve the load-carrying capacity of lower boom 311, thus raising side frame integrated load carrying ability.

The outer panel of the Right Border of the bolster installing frame 31 of drawing strickle guide formula side frame 3 is connected by smooth surface transition with between the interior plate of right drawing strickle guide 33, so, the concentrated stress of the transition position of bolster installing frame 31 and left drawing strickle guide 32 and right drawing strickle guide 33 can be reduced further, to strengthen the loading strength of drawing strickle guide formula side frame integrated.

In this detailed description of the invention bolster installing frame 31, two drawing strickle guides of drawing strickle guide formula side frame and three to strengthen stud S all casting integrated shaping, be appreciated that and adopt foundry technique processing technology simple and the rigidity that can ensure drawing strickle guide formula side frame 3 entirety.Certainly, on the basis meeting side frame function, processing and assembly technology requirement, this drawing strickle guide formula side frame 3 also welded by multiple plate or the mode such as to be threaded assembled.

Further, refer to Figure 12, strengthen stud S for three to be all symmetrical arranged relative to the line of centers O of side frame, the line of centers O of side frame refers in Figure 13 of Figure of description by the line segment shown in long and short dash line, the structure of side frame is substantially symmetrical relative to this line of centers O, setting like this, has mechanical property preferably to make side frame integrated.

Certainly, on the basis that satisfied reinforcement stud S function and processing technology require, three setting positions strengthening stud S are not limited only to this detailed description of the invention set-up mode, and those skilled in the art also can be adjusted according to the practical structures of actual side frame and stressing conditions.

Continue known see Figure 13, along straight up, the left border of bolster installing frame 31 and the sectional area of Right Border increase progressively, in view of the drawing strickle guide of side frame and lower boom 311 place stressed comparatively large, the mechanical property adopting this lower narrow wide structure can improve side frame integrated also can not have an impact to its deadweight simultaneously.

On the basis of the various embodiments described above, carry out optimizing further to the wheel 4 of bogie truck herein, specific as follows.

It should be noted that, the noun of locality " innner and outer " be all orientation when being installed on lorry body with wheel 4 for benchmark, be namely " inner " near the side of car body, be " outward " away from the side of car body.Be understandable that, adopt the above-mentioned noun of locality to be only in order to clear statement technical scheme herein, it is not construed as limiting the technical scheme of the application's request protection.

Shown in Figure 14, wheel 4 provided by the invention comprises wheel rim 410, disc 420 and wheel hub 430, wherein, the tread 411 of this wheel rim 410 is dip plane, it is by inner side to lateral wheel 4 centroclinal of wheel, and its wheel rim 410 another side relative with tread 411 comprises inboard face 412 and lateral surface 413.It is inboard face 412 near lorry body, and is lateral surface 413 away from lorry body.

Compared with prior art, in a particular embodiment, in the same cross section along wheel 4 axis, the port edge line L of inboard face 412 and lateral surface 413 (L ' be the port edge line of face inboard in prior art and export trade face amount) is obliquely installed along the direction of tilt of tread 411.That is, by the reduced thickness of inboard face 412 to tread 411, thus make in the same cross section along wheel 4 axis, inboard face 412 tilts along the direction of tilt of tread 411 with lateral surface 413 port edge line L.

It should be noted that, tread 411 is bounced back by the axis of wheel 4 inboard to outside gradually to wheel 4, and so, the lateral of tread 411 tilts near the axis direction of wheel 4, and its inboard tilts to the axis direction away from wheel.

By the above-mentioned design to wheel 4, first, wheel rim 410 can be made to be obliquely installed along tread 411 direction of tilt near the side of wheel 4 axis direction, to meet equal strength principle, improve the stress degree of utilization of wheel tread; Secondly, the weight of wheel 4 can be alleviated, and then alleviate the weight of car load, effectively can promote the transport capacity of railway truck.

Particularly, before the reduced thickness of inboard face as shown in Figure 14 412 to tread 411 with thinning after position relationship, L is for after the wheel optimized of above-mentioned prior art in detailed description of the invention, the coupled condition between the port edge of inboard face 412 and lateral surface 413.This inboard face 412 still should keep seamlessly transitting of itself and disc 420 time thinning, keep its failure-free Joint strenght.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the parallel tread 411 of above-mentioned line L, that is, for structure of the prior art, by the thickness in thinning inboard face 412, to make inboard face 412 identical with the angle of inclination of tread 411 with the port edge line L angle of inclination of lateral surface 413.Setting like this, significantly reduces the weight of wheel 4, effectively to reduce the overall weight of railway truck, and then reduces the manufacturing cost of railway truck, promotes its load-carrying ability, greatly improve its economic benefit.

Above-mentioned line L is parallel with tread 411 is preferred version, and certainly, the deviation at the angle of inclination of line L and the angle of inclination of tread 411 also can be controlled in 0.05 °, now, still can meet lifting wheel strength, reduces the requirement of wheel weight.

For above-described embodiment, its inboard face 412, lateral surface 413 can be inclined-plane, and this inclined-plane is connected with the arc surface transition of disc 420, and namely inclined-plane is cut in disc 420 arc surface, thus its reliable transition is connected, and effectively guarantee the working strength of wheel.

Certainly, inboard face 412 also can be with lateral surface 413 vertical plane being parallel to wheel axis, and this vertical plane is connected with the arc surface transition of disc 420.Similarly, this vertical plane is connected with the tangent transition of disc 420 arc surface, to guarantee the working strength of wheel.

It should be noted that, the inboard face 412 of wheel rim 410, lateral surface 413 adopt inclined-plane, vertical plane and disc 420 to seamlessly transit, certainly, other mode also can be adopted to realize above-mentioned connection, inboard face 412, lateral surface 413 and disc 420 junction only need be made to seamlessly transit.

Below, on the basis of the various embodiments described above, herein the bolster 5 of bogie truck is optimized.

Please refer to Figure 15-Figure 16, bolster 5 provided herein, its main body comprises the sidewall 51, upper head plate 52 and the bottom plate 53 that are positioned at both sides, and sidewall 51, upper head plate 52 enclose with bottom plate 53 the abdominal cavity structure forming bolster inside jointly.General truck bolster for railway wagon is integrated casting and forms, and its sidewall 51, upper head plate 52, bottom plate 53, without obviously boundary solution off-line, are understood structure and refinement title for convenience, got its orientation structure title in the art.

Bolster sidewall 51 is positioned at bolster side, bottom plate 53 is positioned at the bottom surface of bolster 5 entirety, do not consider material factor, with regard to structure function both it and specific design principle, the Main Function of sidewall 51 is carrying vertical load and lateral pull adjoint on a small quantity, load-carrying ability simultaneously due to railway is relatively very large, and therefore, vertical load is the factor primarily can considered in sidewall 51 and bottom surface structure design effort.In addition, upper head plate 52 belongs to slab construction, relative the two effect, and the structure design of upper head plate 52 is main it is considered that its resistance to tension.

In the present embodiment, bolster sidewall 51 has lightening hole 56, conducts oneself with dignity in order to alleviate bolster 5, increases railway truck load-carrying ability.By correlative study, find that bolster sidewall 51 exists certain loss of weight space.Specifically, because sidewall 51 needs the vertical load that carrying is very large, therefore, its thickness, own wt still can be very large, but analyze known, bolster 5 mainly bears vertical load, close to neutral line in the middle part of bolster sidewall 51, little to intensity contribution, therefore can effectively reduce bolster weight in this position perforate, and little to intensity effect, also help the removing of bolster 5 cast inside sand simultaneously.

Lightening hole 56 generally distributes axisymmetricly about bolster 5 central axis, and namely lightening hole 56 is generally setting in pairs or himself is symmetrical structure.So, the lightening hole 56 of sidewall 51 own can vertically central axis be symmetrical about bolster 5, and the lightening hole 56 of both sides sidewall 51 can be symmetrical about the bolster 5 longitudinal center axis left and right directions of bolster 5 (in the Figure 15).Because bolster 5 inherently has symmetrical structure, the lightening hole 56 being therefore arranged at bolster sidewall 51 also needs consistent with it, and the object of this design plan is that maintenance bolster 5 both sides quality is equal, ensures the quality balance of bolster 5 entirety.

Conduct oneself with dignity for alleviating bolster 5 further, ensure the structural strength of sidewall 51 simultaneously, the present embodiment arranges reinforced rib 57 structure, as shown in figure 15, reinforced rib 57 is arranged in bolster abdominal cavity, and corresponds to spring bearing platform 55 corner, and reinforced rib about 57 is connected with upper head plate 52, bottom plate 53 respectively, therefore, claim the reinforced rib 57 of this structure for strengthening stud structure.

Research has the power load distributing of bolster when load of cavity structure, and find, there will be stress concentration phenomenon in spring bearing platform 55 corner of bolster, therefore, the design's emphasis solves this problem.Arranging reinforced rib 57 is solve the preferred version of problem of stress concentration, increases and strengthens stud structure, can reduce the steady component of stress at spring bearing platform 55 bent angle position at spring bearing platform 55 bent angle, and then improves bolster fatigue life.

In the present embodiment, reinforced rib 57 type is stud structure, is positioned at bolster abdominal cavity, and it is connected with upper head plate 52, bottom plate 53 up and down respectively.In scheme, the object that arranges of reinforced rib 57 is, coordinate bolster sidewall 51 lightening hole 56, while ensureing structural strength, maximum minimizing bolster (or sidewall 51) is conducted oneself with dignity, again, in view of sidewall 51 load is mainly vertical load, therefore, reinforced rib 57 type should be more reasonably stud structure herein.Strengthen stud and can carry more vertical load relative to horizontal bar structure, make design more be tending towards reasonable.Be appreciated that the difference according to bolster type, those skilled in the art under the prerequisite following the design's principle and object, can make corresponding adjustment to the concrete size, form, position etc. of reinforced rib 57.

The technical scheme of the present embodiment, compared to background technology, tool has the following advantages:

First, according to swing bolster load distribution, reduce repeated hole 56 at bolster sidewall 51, reject the quality close to neutral line in the middle part of bolster sidewall 51, effectively can reduce the deadweight of bolster, improve the conveying efficiency of railway truck.Meanwhile, the setting of bolster sidewall 51 lightening hole 56, is also conducive to the removing of bolster cast inside sand.

In addition, for coordinating described lightening hole 56, the reinforcement stud that can carry more vertical loads is set in spring bearing platform 55 corner, decrease the deadweight of bolster to greatest extent, ensure the structural strength of bolster, can effective optimization system structure, simultaneously, spring bearing platform 55 corner stress is reduced, and then improves the fatigue life of bolster.

Please refer to the structural representation that Fig. 5-6, Fig. 5 is the second embodiment of truck bolster for railway wagon provided by the present invention; Fig. 6 is the birds-eye view of truck bolster for railway wagon shown in Fig. 5.

In this embodiment, bolster sidewall 51 center has a pair brake unit assembly hole 59, and accordingly, the lightening hole 56 of setting is positioned at the both sides of brake unit assembly hole 59.

As shown in Figure 17-Figure 18, brake unit assembly hole 59 is arranged in pairs in the center of sidewall 51 usually, and effect allows that Vehicular brake device is fitted through.Brake unit assembly hole 59 is functional hole, and the object offered not is loss of weight, and principle of design neither be formulated according to loss of weight scheme, and therefore, in order to alleviate bolster deadweight further, in this programme, independently lightening hole 56 is added in design in addition.And the position of lightening hole 56 is determined by the integral structure of the position of brake unit assembly hole 59 and bolster, because brake unit assembly hole 59 is positioned at sidewall 51 medium position, consider that sidewall 51 edge stress load diatibution is more simultaneously, therefore lightening hole 56 is set in the both sides of brake unit assembly hole 59, ensure that lightening hole 56 is away from sidewall 51 edge simultaneously, but do not overlap with brake unit assembly hole 59.

In addition, the profile of lightening hole 56 can be consistent with the profile of sidewall 51 end, and lightening hole 56 upper limb and sidewall 51 edge all extend straight, and lower edge is all in skewed extension, and in fact, lightening hole 56 is in the class triangle with fillet.So, the area of lightening hole 56 can be increased as much as possible, with to large degree ground loss of weight, enable again distribution of stress even as much as possible.But it should be noted that correspondingly over design should be made in spring bearing platform 55 corner of close bolster, avoid the stress strengthened herein to concentrate.

Due to the position of brake unit assembly hole 59 near center, size is relatively little, generally speaking, the structural strength of brake unit assembly hole 59 pairs of bolster does not have much affect.But in the present embodiment, increase and the intensity generation certain influence of lightening hole 56 meeting to bolster sidewall 51 is set, therefore, the reinforcement stud structure coordinated with it must be set.

For the various embodiments described above, the profile of lightening hole 56 and the profile of sidewall 51 end match, but corresponding change can be made under for the condition of keypoint part in actual design, as situation about concentrating for the spring bearing platform 55 corner stress of bolster, arranging of lightening hole 56 makes correspondingly over design herein.

Fig. 3 please be refer again to, bogie truck in the various embodiments described above can also comprise the spring damping structure 6 be arranged between bolster and side frame, spring damping structure 6 comprises the external spiral spring 61 and inside spin spring 62 that vertically arrange, external spiral spring 61 is identical with the height of inside spin spring 62, and the internal diameter of external spiral spring 61 is greater than the external diameter of inside spin spring 62, inside spin spring 62 is set in the inside of external spiral spring 61.

Above the bogie truck of a kind of railway truck provided by the present invention is described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (27)

1. the bogie truck of a railway truck, comprise axletree, bolster, drawing strickle guide formula side frame, wheel and axle box spring suspension device, described axle box spring suspension device comprises rubber pad, adapter and side frame, the rubber that described rubber pad is provided with liner plate, lower liner plate and is clamped between described upper liner plate and described lower liner plate, the driving surface that described upper liner plate presses in the driving surface of described side frame, described adapter presses in described lower liner plate; It is characterized in that,

Described upper liner plate, described lower liner plate are flat board, and the driving surface of described side frame, the driving surface of described adapter are the plane matched with described flat board.

2. bogie truck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper liner plate, the described lower liner plate of described rubber pad are equipped with multiple first locations, and the driving surface of described side frame, the driving surface of described adapter are equipped with the second locations be located by connecting with described first locations.

3. bogie truck according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described first locations is the alignment pin (K1) being embedded in described rubber pad, and described second locations is the dowel hole (K2) embedded for described alignment pin (K1).

4. bogie truck according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described alignment pin (K1) runs through described rubber pad, and its both ends stretch out described upper liner plate, described lower liner plate respectively, to form described first locations be wholely set up and down.

5. the bogie truck according to any one of claim 2 to 4, is characterized in that, described first locations is distributed in described rubber pad along the longitudinal direction of described side frame.

6. bogie truck as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described axletree comprises axle body, is connected to wheel seat, dust guard seat and axle journal outside described axle body two successively, and described journal engagement is connected with bearing; Described dust guard seat ecto-entad is provided with cylindrical section, transition phase successively, described cylindrical section coordinates with shelves after the bearing of described bearing, and the axial length of described cylindrical section equals the axial length of the mating holes of shelves after described bearing, the end face of described transition phase increases to described wheel seat gradually by described cylindrical section.

7. the bogie truck of railway truck according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the bus of described transition phase comprises the oblique line and curve that seamlessly transit, and described transition phase and described cylindrical section seamlessly transit.

8. bogie truck according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the bus of described transition phase comprises the first circular arc, the first oblique line and the second circular arc from outside to inside successively, and the bus of described cylindrical section is through the tangent line of described first circular arc, described first oblique line is the outside common tangent of described first circular arc, described second circular arc.

9. bogie truck according to claim 6, is characterized in that, shelves interference fit after described cylindrical section and described bearing.

10. bogie truck according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the end of described axle body has the bolt hole group for fixed type bearing; The number of described bolt hole group is at least two, and one of them coordinates fixing described bearing with bolt, all the other are in stand-by state.

11. bogie trucks according to claim 10, is characterized in that, each described bolt hole group is provided with several bolts hole, and described in several of each described bolt hole group, bolt hole is evenly arranged along the circumference of described axle body.

12. bogie trucks according to claim 11, is characterized in that, all described spiro keyhole positions in circumferentially same, and are evenly arranged along the circumference of described axle body; Each described bolt hole group all arranges three bolts hole.

13. bogie trucks according to claim 10, is characterized in that, also comprise a screw plug group, and the screw plug shutoff sealing of described screw plug group is in the bolt hole of the described bolt hole group of stand-by state; Described screw plug comprises screwed cylindrical body, and the mounting end of described cylindrical body is flange plate structure; The mounting end of described cylindrical body has blind hole.

14. bogie trucks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drawing strickle guide formula side frame comprises bolster installing frame and is symmetrical set two drawing strickle guides in described bolster installing frame, it is characterized in that, the transition position of each described drawing strickle guide and described bolster installing frame and/or the lower boom of described bolster installing frame are provided with reinforcement stud.

15. bogie trucks as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described reinforcement stud is symmetrical arranged relative to the line of centers of described side frame, and described reinforcement stud extends to its left part by the right part of described lower boom.

16. bogie trucks as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, described bolster installing frame comprises top boom, described lower boom, left border and Right Border, and two described drawing strickle guides are arranged at the upper lateral part of described left border and described Right Border respectively.

17. bogie trucks as claimed in claim 16, is characterized in that, along straight up, the sectional area of described left border and described Right Border increases progressively.

18. bogie trucks as described in any one of claim 14 to 17, it is characterized in that, each described drawing strickle guide is in falling " U " font structure, and comprise upside frame and two side frames, described reinforcement stud (S) is arranged between described bolster installing frame and frame junction, described upside.

19. bogie trucks as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wheel comprises wheel rim, disc and wheel hub, the tread of described wheel rim is the dip plane that relatively described wheel axis tilts, the described wheel rim another side relative with described tread comprises near the inboard face of described lorry body and the lateral surface away from described lorry body, in described wheel axis cross section, the port edge line (L) of described inboard face and described lateral surface tilts along the direction of tilt of described tread.

20. bogie trucks according to claim 19, is characterized in that, the parallel described tread of described line (L).

21. bogie trucks according to claim 19 or 20, is characterized in that, described inboard face, described lateral surface are the inclined-plane that relatively described wheel axis tilts, and described inclined-plane is connected with the arc surface transition of described disc.

22. bogie trucks according to claim 19 or 20, it is characterized in that, described inboard face, described lateral surface are the vertical plane being parallel to described wheel axis, and described vertical plane is connected with the arc surface transition of described disc.

23. as Claims 1-4,6 to 17, bogie truck as described in any one of 19-21, it is characterized in that, described bolster comprises sidewall, upper head plate, bottom plate, and be positioned at the spring bearing platform at bolster two ends, described sidewall, described upper head plate and described bottom plate enclose the abdominal cavity structure forming described bolster inside jointly, described sidewall has lightening hole, and described bolster is provided with reinforced rib;

Described reinforced rib is arranged in described bolster abdominal cavity, and corresponds to described spring bearing platform corner, and described reinforced rib is connected with described upper head plate, described bottom plate up and down respectively.

24. bogie trucks according to claim 23, is characterized in that, described lightening hole distributes axisymmetricly about bolster central axis.

25. bogie trucks according to claim 23, is characterized in that, described sidewall center has a pair brake unit assembly hole, and described lightening hole is positioned at the both sides of described brake unit assembly hole.

26. bogie trucks according to claim 23, is characterized in that, the profile of described lightening hole and the profile of described side wall ends match.

27. bogie trucks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the spring damping structure be arranged between described bolster and described side frame, described spring damping structure comprises the external spiral spring and inside spin spring that vertically arrange, described external spiral spring is identical with the height of described inside spin spring, and the internal diameter of described external spiral spring is greater than the external diameter of described inside spin spring, described external spiral spring housing is loaded on the inside of described inside spin spring.