CN104716289A - Safety protective structure for lithium battery module - Google Patents

Safety protective structure for lithium battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104716289A
CN104716289A CN201510115719.4A CN201510115719A CN104716289A CN 104716289 A CN104716289 A CN 104716289A CN 201510115719 A CN201510115719 A CN 201510115719A CN 104716289 A CN104716289 A CN 104716289A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lithium battery
battery module
safety protection
bus bar
protection structure
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Pending
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CN201510115719.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈建铭
吕学宪
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AU Optronics Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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Application filed by AU Optronics Corp filed Critical AU Optronics Corp
Priority to CN201510115719.4A priority Critical patent/CN104716289A/en
Publication of CN104716289A publication Critical patent/CN104716289A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a safety protective structure for a lithium battery module. The lithium battery module comprises a first battery core and a second battery core, which are connected in series or in parallel; the safety protective structure comprises a busbar arranged above the lithium battery module, wherein a first end of the busbar is coupled with an electrode of the first battery core, and a second end of the busbar is coupled with an electrode of the second battery core; the busbar stretches across a pressure release valve or the sides of the pressure release valve; when the pressure release valve acts due to internal pressure of the battery cores, the busbar is fused by a high-temperature high-pressure gas or a high-temperature high-pressure solid. Compared with the prior art, according to the safety protective structure disclosed by the invention, a high-conductivity low-melting-point metal or a metal alloy can be used as the busbar; the necessary safety pressure release valve is utilized and integrated with other monitoring components and protective components to provide effective safety protection and disconnection protection; when the pressure release valve acts due to expanded internal pressure in the battery cores, the busbar above is fused by the generated high-temperature high-pressure gas or solid, so that a complete open circuit can be formed at the series and/or parallel connection structure between the battery packs.

Description

Safety protection structure of lithium battery module
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to lithium battery modules, and particularly to a safety protection structure for a lithium battery module.
Background
Lithium batteries are a type of battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, using lithium metal or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode material. Because the chemical characteristics of lithium metal are very active, the requirements on the environment for processing, storing and using the lithium metal are very high. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have become the mainstream nowadays.
Generally, in order to avoid over-discharge or over-charge of a battery due to improper use, a triple protection mechanism is provided in a single lithium ion battery (such as a cylindrical lithium battery): firstly, a switching element is adopted, when the temperature in the battery rises, the resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient (positive temperature coefficient) of the switching element rises, and when the temperature is too high, the power supply is automatically stopped to inhibit the generation of short-circuit current; secondly, selecting proper separator materials, and when the temperature rises to a certain value, the micron-sized micropores on the separator can be automatically dissolved, so that lithium ions cannot pass through the micropores, and the internal reaction of the battery is stopped; and thirdly, a safety relief valve is arranged, when the internal pressure of the battery rises to a certain value, the relief valve is automatically opened to lead out the internal pressure of the battery, so that the use safety of the battery is ensured. The lithium battery pack is composed of a plurality of series/parallel electric cores, if the voltage of a notebook computer is more than 10V, the capacity is large, the voltage requirement can be met by generally adopting 3-4 single batteries in series connection, and then the 2-3 series battery packs are connected in parallel to ensure the large capacity. Likewise, the Battery pack mainly prevents overcharge, overdischarge, over-temperature, overcurrent, and fuse protection of the Battery through a power Management System (BMS); and a pressure sensor fixed on the surface of the cell body can be arranged, and when the cell is abnormal and the shell expands, the pressure sensor generates a signal to further protect the cell.
However, unlike the cylindrical 18650 battery, the conventional art does not provide a safety protection Device such as a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) or a CID (Current Interruption Device) integrated in the battery cell, and generally provides only a relief valve. When the internal short circuit abnormality of the battery causes high temperature inside the battery cell, although the protection can be obtained through the temperature detection or the pressure release valve, the serial-parallel structure between the battery packs is not completely open-circuited, so that the charging and discharging loop can be continuously maintained, the battery pack is still in a sustainable charging and discharging environment, and a greater safety problem is caused.
In view of the above, a problem to be solved by related technical personnel in the industry is how to design a safety protection structure suitable for a large-sized square lithium battery module (rectangular battery module) to solve the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the large-size square lithium battery module in the prior art, the invention provides a novel safety protection structure of the lithium battery module.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a safety protection structure of a lithium battery module, the lithium battery module includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell connected in series or in parallel, the safety protection structure includes:
a busbar disposed above the lithium battery module, the busbar having a first end electrically coupled to the electrode of the first cell and a second end electrically coupled to the electrode of the second cell,
when the pressure relief valve acts on the battery core due to the internal pressure of the battery core, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar to realize open circuit protection.
In one embodiment, the bus bar is a high-conductivity, low-melting point metal or metal alloy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the busbar has a U-shaped structure, and includes a first side, a connection portion and a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are electrically coupled to the electrode of the first electrical core and the electrode of the second electrical core, respectively, and the connection portion is located between the first side and the second side.
In one embodiment, the lower surface of the connecting portion has a score or a groove.
In one embodiment, the safety protection structure further includes a pressure sensing device located on a lower surface of the connection portion, and when the pressure release valve acts, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas enables the pressure sensing device to operate to perform safety protection.
In one embodiment, the first side and the second side are made of a first metal alloy material, and the connecting portion is made of a second metal alloy material different from the first metal alloy material.
In one embodiment, the connecting portion further has a plurality of holes located right above the pressure relief valve to increase a breaking point of the fusing of the bus bar.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the bus bar further includes a V-shaped groove disposed at a boundary position between the first side edge and the connecting portion, and/or a boundary position between the second side edge and the connecting portion.
In one embodiment, the bus bar includes a plurality of V-grooves spaced apart from each other on an upper surface of the bus bar.
In one embodiment, the bus bar is fixed by screw locking or riveting.
By adopting the safety protection structure of the lithium battery module, the bus bar is arranged above the lithium battery module, the first end of the bus bar is electrically coupled to the electrode of the first battery cell, the second end of the bus bar is electrically coupled to the electrode of the second battery cell, the bus bar stretches across the upper part or the side edge of the pressure release valve, and when the pressure release valve acts due to the internal pressure of the battery cells, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar, so that the open circuit protection is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention can adopt metal or metal alloy with high conductivity and low melting point as the bus bar, and provides effective safety protection and open circuit protection by utilizing the necessary safety relief valve and integrating other monitoring components and protection components. When the pressure relief valve is acted by the internal pressure expansion of the battery cell, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar above the pressure relief valve, so that the series and/or parallel structure between the battery packs is completely opened.
Drawings
The various aspects of the present invention will become more apparent to the reader after reading the detailed description of the invention with reference to the attached drawings. Wherein,
fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a safety protection structure of a lithium battery module according to the present invention;
fig. 2A shows a second embodiment of the safety protection structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention;
FIG. 2B shows a schematic view of the lower surface of the safety shield structure of FIG. 2A including a groove;
fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the safety protection structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the safety guard structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the safety guard structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the safety guard structure of a lithium battery cell module according to the present invention; and
fig. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the safety guard structure of a lithium battery cell module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present disclosure more complete and complete, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar or analogous elements, and to the various embodiments of the invention described below. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples provided below are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not drawn to scale.
Specific embodiments of various aspects of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a safety protection structure of a lithium battery module according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the lithium battery module 1 includes a first battery cell 10 and a second battery cell 20 connected in series or in parallel. The safety shield structure of the present invention includes a bus bar 32. The bus bar 32 is disposed above the lithium battery module 1. The bus bar 32 has a first end electrically coupled to an electrode (e.g., the positive electrode P) of the first cell 10 and a second end electrically coupled to an electrode (e.g., the negative electrode N) of the second cell 12. In addition, the bus bar 32 also spans over the pressure relief valve (pressure release valve)30, so that when the pressure relief valve 30 is acted by the internal pressure expansion of the battery cell, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid melts the bus bar 32 to realize the complete open-circuit protection of the lithium battery module 1.
In one embodiment, bus 32 is a high conductivity, low melting point metal or metal alloy. For example, the melting point of the metal is between 100 degrees celsius and 150 degrees celsius.
In one embodiment, the bus bar 32 is screwed or riveted to the lithium battery module 1.
Therefore, according to the invention, the high-conductivity and low-melting-point metal or metal alloy is used as the busbar, when the internal pressure of the battery cell is overlarge, only the safety relief valve 30 is used for generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid to fuse the busbar 32, so that the serial and/or parallel structure between the lithium battery modules is completely opened, and further, the safety protection and the open circuit protection are realized.
Fig. 2A shows a second embodiment of the safety protection structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention. Figure 2B shows a schematic view of the lower surface of the safety shield structure of figure 2A including a groove.
Referring to fig. 2A and 2B, the main difference with respect to fig. 1 is that the lower surface of the busbar 32 has a score or groove G. Specifically, the bus bar 32 has a U-shaped structure, which includes a first side (e.g., the upper horizontal bar in fig. 2A), a connecting portion (e.g., the vertical bar in fig. 2A), and a second side (e.g., the lower horizontal bar in fig. 2A), wherein the connecting portion is located between the first side and the second side. The first side is electrically coupled to the electrode P of the first cell 10, and the second side is electrically coupled to the electrode N of the second cell 12. It is easily understood that when the pressure relief valve 30 generates a gas or a solid having a high temperature and a high pressure, the bus bar 32 having the scores or the grooves is more easily melted to form an open circuit.
Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the safety protection structure of the lithium battery cell module of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the main difference with respect to fig. 1 is that the safety shield structure further includes a pressure sensing device 34. The pressure sensing device 34 is located on the lower surface of the connecting portion, and is also connected to the control module through pressure sensing signal lines L1 and L2. When the pressure relief valve 30 is operated by the internal pressure of the battery cell, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas activates the pressure sensing device 34 to assist safety protection.
Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the safety protection structure of a lithium battery module of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the main difference with respect to fig. 1 is that the bus bar 32 has a U-shaped structure, which includes a first side 361, a connecting portion 362 and a second side 363, and the connecting portion 362 is located between the first side 361 and the second side 363. The connecting portion 362 is further formed with a plurality of holes 364 located right above the pressure relief valve 30 to increase the breaking point of the fusing of the bus bar 32. For example, the cavities 364 are arranged in a rectangular array with adjacent cavities spaced apart from each other but not connected to each other.
Fig. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the safety protection structure of a lithium battery module of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the main difference from fig. 1 is that the first side 461 and the second side 463 are made of a first metal alloy material, the connecting portion 462 is made of a second metal alloy material (shown by the hatched portion in fig. 5), and the second metal alloy material is different from the first metal alloy material.
Fig. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the safety guard structure of a lithium battery cell module of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the bus bar 32 further includes a V-shaped groove V1 disposed at an interface between the first side 361 and the connecting portion 362 and/or an interface between the second side 363 and the connecting portion 362.
Fig. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the safety guard structure of a lithium battery cell module of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, in this embodiment, the bus bar 32 includes a plurality of V-grooves spaced apart from each other on the upper surface of the bus bar 32. For example, in fig. 7, a V-shaped groove V2 is formed at the boundary position between the first side 361 and the connecting portion 362, and the connecting portion 362 has a plurality of spaced V-shaped grooves V3. Thus, when the pressure relief valve 30 generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid, the bus bar 32 can be easily fused to form an open circuit by the V-shaped grooves at different positions.
By adopting the safety protection structure of the lithium battery module, the bus bar is arranged above the lithium battery module, the first end of the bus bar is electrically coupled to the electrode of the first battery cell, the second end of the bus bar is electrically coupled to the electrode of the second battery cell, the bus bar stretches across the upper part or the side edge of the pressure release valve, and when the pressure release valve acts due to the internal pressure of the battery cells, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar, so that the open circuit protection is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention can adopt metal or metal alloy with high conductivity and low melting point as the bus bar, and provides effective safety protection and open circuit protection by utilizing the necessary safety relief valve and integrating other monitoring components and protection components. When the pressure relief valve is acted by the internal pressure expansion of the battery cell, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar above the pressure relief valve, so that the series and/or parallel structure between the battery packs is completely opened.
Hereinbefore, specific embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and substitutions can be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a safety protection structure of lithium battery module, lithium battery module includes a first electric core and a second electric core of series connection or parallel connection, its characterized in that, this safety protection structure includes:
a busbar disposed above the lithium battery module, the busbar having a first end electrically coupled to the electrode of the first cell and a second end electrically coupled to the electrode of the second cell,
when the pressure relief valve acts on the battery core due to the internal pressure of the battery core, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas or solid fuses the bus bar to realize open circuit protection.
2. The safety protection structure of a lithium battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bus bar is a high-conductivity, low-melting point metal or metal alloy.
3. The safety protection structure of the lithium battery module of claim 1, wherein the busbar is a U-shaped structure including a first side, a connection portion, and a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are electrically coupled to the electrode of the first cell and the electrode of the second cell, respectively, and the connection portion is located between the first side and the second side.
4. The safety protection structure of a lithium battery module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower surface of the connecting part has a notch or a groove.
5. The safety protection structure of the lithium battery module as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a pressure sensing device located on a lower surface of the connection portion, wherein when the pressure release valve acts, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas activates the pressure sensing device to perform safety protection.
6. The safety protection structure of a lithium battery module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first side and the second side are made of a first metal alloy material, and the connecting portion is made of a second metal alloy material different from the first metal alloy material.
7. The safety protection structure of the lithium battery module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the connecting portion further has a plurality of holes formed therein, and the holes are located directly above the pressure relief valve to increase the breaking point of the fusing of the bus bar.
8. The safety protection structure of the lithium battery module as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bus bar further comprises a V-shaped groove disposed at the boundary position of the first side edge and the connecting portion and/or the boundary position of the second side edge and the connecting portion.
9. The safety protection structure of the lithium battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bus bar comprises a plurality of V-shaped grooves arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the bus bar.
10. The safety protection structure of a lithium battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bus bar is fixed by screw locking or riveting.
CN201510115719.4A 2015-03-17 2015-03-17 Safety protective structure for lithium battery module Pending CN104716289A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107123784A (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 Cell, battery modules, electrokinetic cell and electric automobile
CN107123783A (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 Cell, battery modules, electrokinetic cell and electric automobile
CN108075053A (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-25 三星Sdi株式会社 Rechargeable battery bag
WO2018135727A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 삼성에스디아이(주) Manual service disconnect for battery system
CN108767181A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-06 珠海格力精密模具有限公司 Conductive connection structure and battery box
US20200075926A1 (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 International Business Machines Corporation Battery pack system with integrated battery disconnect mechanism
CN110915025A (en) * 2018-02-09 2020-03-24 株式会社Lg化学 Bus bar provided with current interrupt portion and battery module including the same
WO2020103716A1 (en) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery module and assembly method thereof
WO2020220570A1 (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery module and battery pack
US10892469B2 (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-01-12 International Business Machines Corporation Safety compliant battery cell ejection for packaged battery cells
US11158910B2 (en) 2017-12-05 2021-10-26 Industrial Technology Research Institute Battery busbar
CN117912915A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-19 嘉兴模度新能源有限公司 Composite fuse power-off connection structure and battery pack

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107123784B (en) * 2016-02-25 2021-01-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 Single battery, battery module, power battery and electric automobile
CN107123783A (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 Cell, battery modules, electrokinetic cell and electric automobile
CN107123784A (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 Cell, battery modules, electrokinetic cell and electric automobile
CN108075053A (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-25 三星Sdi株式会社 Rechargeable battery bag
WO2018135727A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 삼성에스디아이(주) Manual service disconnect for battery system
US11040623B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2021-06-22 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Manual service disconnect for battery system
US11158910B2 (en) 2017-12-05 2021-10-26 Industrial Technology Research Institute Battery busbar
CN110915025B (en) * 2018-02-09 2022-06-24 株式会社Lg化学 Bus bar, battery module including the same, and battery pack including the battery module
CN110915025A (en) * 2018-02-09 2020-03-24 株式会社Lg化学 Bus bar provided with current interrupt portion and battery module including the same
CN108767181A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-06 珠海格力精密模具有限公司 Conductive connection structure and battery box
US10892469B2 (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-01-12 International Business Machines Corporation Safety compliant battery cell ejection for packaged battery cells
US10714736B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2020-07-14 International Business Machines Corporation Battery pack system with integrated battery disconnect mechanism
US20200075926A1 (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 International Business Machines Corporation Battery pack system with integrated battery disconnect mechanism
WO2020103716A1 (en) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery module and assembly method thereof
EP3886204A4 (en) * 2018-11-19 2022-04-20 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Battery module and assembly method thereof
US11955663B2 (en) 2018-11-19 2024-04-09 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Battery module and assembling method thereof
WO2020220570A1 (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery module and battery pack
US11251500B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-02-15 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Battery module and battery pack
CN117912915A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-19 嘉兴模度新能源有限公司 Composite fuse power-off connection structure and battery pack

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