CN104715605A - VSP-distribution-based traffic operation data and emission data coupling method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a VSP-distribution-based traffic operation data and vehicle emission data coupling method and system. Excavation and analysis are conducted on features of traffic operation data and vehicle emission data, VSP distribution serves as an intervening variable, and a dynamic mapping relation between traffic operation parameters such as traffic flow, the average speed and vehicle running working condition and vehicle emission parameters such as the emission index and the emission factor. By means of the VSP-distribution-based traffic operation data and emission data coupling method and system, the physical significance of vehicle exhaust emission is simplified, and the efficiency and accuracy of traffic emission quantitative evaluation are improved.

Description

A kind of traffic circulation data based on VSP distribution and emissions data coupling process and system

[technical field]

The present invention relates to a kind of traffic circulation based on VSP distribution and emissions data coupling process and system.

[background technology]

Traffic department and environmental administration, through long-term construction and development, have formed data collection and transmission comparatively complete separately, and have obtained mass data.

Study a regional traffic circulation, first need through traffic study, understand traffic characteristic and the development trend thereof of this area.By carrying out quantitative test to traffic circulation data, grasping the concrete data of various characteristic parameter, providing theoretical foundation for carrying out the traffic programme of science, linear design and traffic administration in light of the circumstances.Common traffic study method has one-point measurement (Point Method), measures (Along a Length Method), Floating Car measurement (Moving Observe), short distance mensuration (Short Section Method) etc. along section.Inductive coil detection technique, ultrasonic detection technology, infrared detection technology, mobile message acquisition technique etc. along with traffic control or traffic-information service demand and start to occur the sixties in 20th century, nowadays obtain and generally apply.Remote microwave detection technique, video image formula detection technique and light beacon formula detection technique equal late 1980s and succeed in developing, and the nineties obtains application.At the beginning of 21 century, people start again to utilize GPS detection technique to detect traffic flow parameter.

At formulation Transportation Strategies to reduce in the process of automotive emission, laboratory facilities are utilized to carry out emission detections, the oil consumption emissions data of gathering machine motor-car reality, being all bases about motor vehicle fuel consumption Study on Emission, is also the basic foundation set up oil consumption discharge model and evaluate Transportation Strategies.Mainly containing four kinds of motor vehicle fuel consumptions and emission detections method both at home and abroad at present, is engine bench test method, tunnel method of testing, remote sensing detection method and on-road emission test method respectively.

But be limited to the different of acquisition mode and application purpose, the correlated characteristic of above-mentioned two class data does not carry out deep excavation, cannot realize associating accurately and efficiently.

[summary of the invention]

For prior art Problems existing, the present invention proposes the coupling process between a kind of traffic circulation data and vehicular emission data and system, by carrying out excavating to the feature of traffic circulation data and vehicular emission data and analyzing, be distributed as intervening variable with VSP, establish the dynamic mapping relationship between traffic circulation parameter and the vehicular emission such as emission index, emission factor parameter such as the magnitude of traffic flow, average velocity, motor-driven vehicle going operating mode.Consider the impact of the travel speed of motor vehicle on real road on discharge, traffic circulation and vehicular emission database is set up in conjunction with existing traffic circulation supplemental characteristic and vehicular emission test result, utilize data cluster and parallel computing, realize the rapid reaction to traffic circulation and emissions data storehouse.Simultaneously integrated GPS, GIS and data mining technology, realizes being coupled of traffic circulation data and vehicular emission data, calculates section emission index.This invention simplifies the physical significance of automotive emission, improves efficiency and the accuracy of traffic emission quantitative evaluation.

[accompanying drawing explanation]

Fig. 1 traffic circulation data and emissions data coupling process mentality of designing

Fig. 2 Light-duty Vehicle travels floor data storehouse example

Fig. 3 Light-duty Vehicle distributes at through street VSP

Fig. 4 motor vehicle fuel consumption and exhaust emissions measured data example

Fig. 5 vehicular emission rate database example

Figure 60-4 ten thousand kilometers of state III standard light gasoline car emission factor examples

Fig. 7 Discharging Factor of Vehicles database example

Fig. 8 traffic circulation data and emissions data coupled system

[embodiment]

Below by specific embodiment, also the present invention is described in further detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is based on VSP and set up oil consumption and discharge microcomputer statistical model, the deficiency that conventional exhaust forecast model is considered for traffic characteristic can be made up, by a large amount of measured data, utilize VSP to be described the driving behavior on all types of road in Beijing.Consider Beijing's road-section average length and road-section average running time, be interval calculation average velocity with 3 minutes, set up the VSP distribution in each average velocity interval on different brackets road, instantaneous to the average overall travel speed of vehicle and microcosmic transport condition is combined, fully to reflect the impact for oil consumption and discharge of speed under different transport condition.Set up the speed correction model with the oil consumption that is input variable of basic traffic parameter and discharge, realize traffic circulation data and be connected with the effective of automotive emission data, thus provide means accurately and effectively for traffic emission quantitative evaluation.The mentality of designing of invention as shown in Figure 1.

Traffic circulation data based on VSP distribution of the present invention and emissions data coupling process, comprise the following steps:

The first step, gathers traffic circulation data, comprises further:

Step 1.1, data acquisition, utilize vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, harvester motor-car is by driving cycle data second, and data primary fields comprises and gathers date, time, longitude, latitude, speed, deflection, elevation etc., and Fig. 2 is that the Light-duty Vehicle that arrives of actual acquisition is by driving cycle data instance second, data are arranged according to unified form, controlled by preliminary quality, remove undesirable record, set up motor-driven vehicle going floor data storehouse.

Step 1.2, carries out car model classification, is classified by motor vehicle by car weight, is divided into minicar, Light-duty Vehicle, in-between car and heavy goods vehicles.

Step 1.3, carries out road type coupling.China's urban road is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road, branch road Four types according to the traffic capacity and communication function.The coupling of road type is operated in generalized information system and completes.Each floor data all comprises longitude and latitude field, can create on the net a little accordingly in existing Beijing Road, by judging that the section name residing for this point obtains its road type.After road type coupling, all motor-driven vehicle going floor datas are divided into four parts according to road type belonging to it.

Step 1.4, carries out short stroke division.For each vehicle and road type, all data are divided into the short stroke that duration is 180 seconds.Such process is because longer journey time, such as fixing driving cycle, the travelling characteristic of motor vehicle on real road cannot be portrayed owing to comprising multiple transport condition, select 180 seconds integration granularities as instantaneous velocity both can comprise the travelling characteristic of motor vehicle at basic road, its travelling characteristic in crossing can be comprised again.Each short stroke needs to calculate its average velocity, to carry out next step speed cluster.

Step 1.5, the speed that is averaged cluster, all short strokes obtained by said process carry out cluster according to average velocity, and obtain the speed interval belonging to it, method is shown below:

Step 1.6, carries out VSP cluster, and VSP is obtained by instantaneous velocity and acceleration calculation, because the driving cycle packet collected contains continuous print by speed second, instantaneous acceleration is drawn by the velocity contrast of adjacent two seconds.VSP is calculated as follows shown in formula:

$\mathrm{VSP}=\frac{\mathrm{Av}+{\mathrm{Bv}}^2+{\mathrm{Cv}}^3+\mathrm{mva}}{f}$

Wherein, v is motor vehicle speed, unit m/s; A is acceleration, unit m/s ²; A, B, C, m, f are constant.

In order to reflect the relation between VSP distribution and average velocity better, be that division is carried out and cluster to VSP in interval with 1kW/t, obtain VSP bin, concrete calculating sees following formula:

$\∀:\mathrm{VSP}\∈[n-0.5,n+0.5),\mathrm{VSPbin}=n$

Step 1.7, set up VSP distributed data base, by a large amount of different automobile types by based on the driving cycle data of second, through above-mentioned processing procedure, finally cluster is carried out to all vehicles, road type, VSP that speed interval is identical, add up the number percent that VSP number corresponding to each speed interval accounts for such VSP sum, i.e. VSP distribution, is shown below:

$R_{i,k}=\frac{N_{i,k}}{N_k}$

Wherein, R _i,kfor the distributive law of interval i-th the VSP bin of a kth average velocity; N _kfor the VSP sum in a kth average velocity interval; N _i,kfor the VSP number that the interval VSP bin of a kth average velocity is i.Fig. 3 is that Light-duty Vehicle is in through street VSP distribution example.

Second step, harvester motor-car emissions data, comprises further:

Step 2.1, gathers emission test data, utilizes PEMS vehicle mounted tail gas testing apparatus harvester oil consumption of motor vehicle and emission data, and data primary fields comprises collection date, time, speed, NO _x, HC, CO by second discharge capacity, by oil consumption etc. second.Fig. 4 is according to the oil consumption of normal traffic flow driving vehicle and emission data example in the actual road network in Beijing collected.

Step 2.2, divide fuel type, fuel type comprises: gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG) (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG), compressed natural gas (Compressed Natural Gas, CNG), hybrid power, double fuel.

Step 2.3, divides emission standard, for effectively controlling automobile pollution and discharge, classifying according to the emission standard performed by vehicle to vehicle, according to the productive year of testing vehicle, determining the emission standard type of vehicle, divides vehicular emission standards.Table 1 is gasoline car each stage emission date of standard implementation, for the vehicle produced before the state I standard implementation time, is defined as state 0 standard.

Table 1 gasoline car each stage emission date of standard implementation

Emission standard	The enforcement time
		State I	1999.1.1
State II	2002.8.1
		State III	2005.12.30
State IV	2008.3.1
		State V	2013.2.1

Step 2.4, divide distance travelled, divide the distance travelled of similar vehicle, table 2 is Light-duty Vehicle distance travelled dividing mode.

Table 2 motor-driven vehicle going mileage dividing mode

Classification	Distance travelled (ten thousand kilometers)
		1	[0，4)
2	[4，8)
		3	[8，16)
4	[16，24)
		5	[24，+∞)

Step 2.5, calculates average emission rate, calculates the average emission rate of each VSP bin of often kind of vehicle, fuel type, emission standard, the corresponding classification of distance travelled, is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_i=\frac{1}{m}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{er}}_j$

Wherein, ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit g/s; Er _jthe emission index that the jth VSP of to be VSP bin be i is corresponding, unit is g/s; The VSP number of m to be VSP bin be i.

Step 2.6, sets up emission index database, the above-mentioned result of calculation of different automobile types, emission standard, distance travelled is arranged, is classified, sets up each VSP bin emission index database.Fig. 5 is emission index database example.

3rd step, is coupled to traffic circulation data and emissions data, comprises further:

Step 3.1, calculates emission factor.Emission factor is the important parameter in automotive emission measuring and calculating, intuitively can reflect the emission level of motor vehicle.Emission factor is defined as the pollutant quality of motor-driven vehicle going unit distance discharge, and the computing method of the interval emission factor of each average velocity are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_k=(\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{ER}}_i\×\mathrm{VSP}{\mathrm{bin}}_i)/v\×3600$

Wherein, EF _kfor the emission factor in kth average velocity interval, unit is g/km; ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit is g/s; VSP bin _iit is the Distribution Value of interval i-th the VSP bin of kth average velocity; V is the intermediate value in kth average velocity interval, and unit is km/h.

By VSP distribution and the mapping relations of VSP bin average emission rate, the emission factor in different automobile types, road type, fuel type, emission standard, distance travelled, average velocity interval can be obtained.The NO of state III standard light gasoline car in four kinds of road types, friction speed interval of Fig. 6 to be distance travelled be 0-4 ten thousand kilometers _x, CO, HC emission factor example.

Step 3.2, calculates the oil consumption factor.The oil consumption factor is defined as the fuel oil quality that motor-driven vehicle going unit distance consumes, and computing method are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{Fuel}}=\frac{1}{\%C}(\frac{12}{44}{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2}+\frac{12}{28}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{CO}}+\frac{12}{13}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{HC}})$

Wherein, EF _fuelfor the oil consumption factor; eF _cO, EF _hCbe respectively CO ₂, CO, HC emission factor; %C is the mass ratio of C in fuel.

For the classification situation that measured data cannot cover, emitted smoke model can be utilized to obtain its corresponding oil consumption factor.Arrange above-mentioned result of calculation, set up vehicle, road type, average velocity, distance travelled, fuel type, emission standard vehicle data storehouse CO2, CO, HC, NO _xthe oil consumption factor.Fig. 7 is motor vehicle fuel consumption factor data storehouse example.

4th step, section Emission amount calculation, calculates urban road network or important traffic corridor automotive emission, assesses its exhaust emissions intensity, for formulating rational emission reduction strategy and emission reduction targets provides scientific basis.Section Emission amount calculation method is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_{\sec \mathrm{tion}}=l\·\underset{i,j,k,m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{ijkm}}^v\·q({\mathrm{Vehicle}}_i,{\mathrm{Fuel}}_j,{S\tan \mathrm{dard}}_k,{\mathrm{Mileage}}_m)$

Wherein, ER _sectionfor measuring and calculating section emission index, l is measuring and calculating road section length, q (Vehicle _i, Fuel _j, Standard _k, Mileage _m) be the volume of traffic of i-th kind of vehicle, jth kind fuel type, kth kind emission standard, m class distance travelled, speed interval for above-mentioned classification correspondence is the Discharging Factor of Vehicles of v.

The system be coupled with emissions data based on the traffic circulation data of VSP distribution of the present invention, can to traffic circulation data, the process of vehicular emission providing data formatting, traffic circulation data are coupled with vehicular emission data, section emission index is calculated.System architecture as shown in Figure 8.This system comprises: traffic circulation data acquisition unit, vehicular emission data acquisition unit, data coupling unit, section Emission amount calculation unit.Wherein:

Traffic circulation data acquisition unit gathers traffic circulation data, treatment and analysis, finally sets up VSP distributed data base.Comprise further:

Floor data acquisition module, utilize vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, harvester motor-car is by driving cycle data second, data primary fields comprises collection date, time, longitude, latitude, speed, deflection, elevation etc., data are arranged according to unified form, controlled by preliminary quality, remove undesirable record, set up motor-driven vehicle going floor data storehouse.

Car model classification module, classifies motor vehicle by car weight, is divided into minicar, Light-duty Vehicle, in-between car and heavy goods vehicles.

Road type matching module, China's urban road is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road, branch road Four types according to the traffic capacity and communication function.The coupling of road type is operated in generalized information system and completes.Each floor data all comprises longitude and latitude field, can create on the net a little accordingly in existing Beijing Road, by judging that the section name residing for this point obtains its road type.After road type coupling, all motor-driven vehicle going floor datas are divided into four parts according to road type belonging to it.

Short stroke divides module, and for each vehicle and road type, all data are divided into the short stroke that duration is 180 seconds.Such process is because longer journey time, such as fixing driving cycle, the travelling characteristic of motor vehicle on real road cannot be portrayed owing to comprising multiple transport condition, select 180 seconds integration granularities as instantaneous velocity both can comprise the travelling characteristic of motor vehicle at basic road, its travelling characteristic in crossing can be comprised again.Each short stroke needs to calculate its average velocity, to carry out next step speed cluster.

Average velocity cluster module, all short strokes obtained by said process carry out cluster according to average velocity, and obtain the speed interval belonging to it, method is shown below:

VSP cluster module, VSP is obtained by instantaneous velocity and acceleration calculation, because the driving cycle packet collected contains continuous print by speed second, instantaneous acceleration is drawn by the velocity contrast of adjacent two seconds.VSP is calculated as follows shown in formula:

$\mathrm{VSP}=\frac{\mathrm{Av}+{\mathrm{Bv}}^2+{\mathrm{Cv}}^3+\mathrm{mva}}{f}$

Wherein, v is motor vehicle speed, unit m/s; A is acceleration, unit m/s ²; A, B, C, m, f are constant.

In order to reflect the relation between VSP distribution and average velocity better, be that division is carried out and cluster to VSP in interval with 1kW/t, obtain VSP bin, concrete calculating sees following formula:

$\∀:\mathrm{VSP}\∈[n-0.5,n+0.5),\mathrm{VSPbin}=n$

VSP distributed data base sets up module, by a large amount of different automobile types by based on the driving cycle data of second, through above-mentioned processing procedure, finally cluster is carried out to all vehicles, road type, VSP that speed interval is identical, add up the number percent that VSP number corresponding to each speed interval accounts for such VSP sum, i.e. VSP distribution, is shown below:

$R_{i,k}=\frac{N_{i,k}}{N_k}$

Wherein, R _i,kfor the distributive law of interval i-th the VSP bin of a kth average velocity; N _kfor the VSP sum in a kth average velocity interval; N _i,kfor the VSP number that the interval VSP bin of a kth average velocity is i.Fig. 3 is that Light-duty Vehicle is in through street VSP distribution example.

Vehicular emission data acquisition unit gathers vehicular emission data, treatment and analysis, final generation emission index database.Comprise further:

Gather emissions data module, utilize PEMS vehicle mounted tail gas testing apparatus harvester oil consumption of motor vehicle and emission data, data primary fields comprises collection date, time, speed, NO _x, HC, CO by second discharge capacity, by oil consumption etc. second.

Fuel type divides module, fuel type comprises: gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG) (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG), compressed natural gas (Compressed Natural Gas, CNG), hybrid power, double fuel.

Emission standard divides module, for effectively controlling automobile pollution and discharge, classifying according to the emission standard performed by vehicle to vehicle, according to the productive year of testing vehicle, determining the emission standard type of vehicle, divides vehicular emission standards.

Distance travelled divides module, divides the distance travelled of similar vehicle.

Average emission rate computing module, calculates the average emission rate of each VSP bin of often kind of vehicle, fuel type, emission standard, the corresponding classification of distance travelled, is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_i=\frac{1}{m}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{er}}_j$

Wherein, ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit g/s; Er _jthe emission index that the jth VSP of to be VSP bin be i is corresponding, unit is g/s; The VSP number of m to be VSP bin be i.

Emission index Database module, arranges the above-mentioned result of calculation of different automobile types, emission standard, distance travelled, classifies, set up each VSP bin emission index database.

Data coupling unit is coupled to traffic circulation data and vehicular emission data.Comprise further: emission factor computing module, the computing method of the interval emission factor of each average velocity are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_k=(\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{ER}}_i\×\mathrm{VSP}{\mathrm{bin}}_i)/v\×3600$

Wherein, EF _kfor the emission factor in kth average velocity interval, unit is g/km; ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit is g/s; VSP bin _iit is the Distribution Value of interval i-th the VSP bin of kth average velocity; V is the intermediate value in kth average velocity interval, and unit is km/h.

By VSP distribution and the mapping relations of VSP bin average emission rate, the emission factor in different automobile types, road type, fuel type, emission standard, distance travelled, average velocity interval can be obtained.

Oil consumption factor computing module, computing method are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{Fuel}}=\frac{1}{\%C}(\frac{12}{44}{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2}+\frac{12}{28}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{CO}}+\frac{12}{13}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{HC}})$

Wherein, EF _fuelfor the oil consumption factor; eF _cO, EF _hCbe respectively CO ₂, CO, HC emission factor; %C is the mass ratio of C in fuel.

For the classification situation that measured data cannot cover, emitted smoke model can be utilized to obtain its corresponding oil consumption factor.Arrange above-mentioned result of calculation, set up vehicle, road type, average velocity, distance travelled, fuel type, emission standard vehicle data storehouse CO2, CO, HC, NO _xthe oil consumption factor.

Section Emission amount calculation unit calculates section discharge capacity.Section Emission amount calculation method is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_{\sec \mathrm{tion}}=l\·\underset{i,j,k,m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{ijkm}}^v\·q({\mathrm{Vehicle}}_i,{\mathrm{Fuel}}_j,{S\tan \mathrm{dard}}_k,{\mathrm{Mileage}}_m)$

Wherein, ER _sectionfor measuring and calculating section emission index, l is measuring and calculating road section length, q (Vehicle _i, Fuel _j, Standard _k, Mileage _m) be the volume of traffic of i-th kind of vehicle, jth kind fuel type, kth kind emission standard, m class distance travelled, speed interval for above-mentioned classification correspondence is the Discharging Factor of Vehicles of v.

Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. based on the method that the traffic circulation data of VSP distribution are coupled with emissions data,

Specifically comprise:

The first step, gathers traffic circulation data;

Second step, harvester motor-car emissions data;

3rd step, is coupled to traffic circulation data and emissions data;

4th step, carries out section estimation on loading effluent.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein the first step comprises further:

Step 1.1, floor data gathers, utilize vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, harvester motor-car is by driving cycle data second, comprise and gather date, time, longitude, latitude, speed, deflection, elevation etc., data are arranged according to unified form, is controlled by preliminary quality, mark undesirable record, set up motor-driven vehicle going floor data storehouse;

Step 1.2, carries out car model classification, is classified by motor vehicle by car weight, is divided into minicar, Light-duty Vehicle, in-between car and heavy goods vehicles;

Step 1.3, carry out road type coupling, road type is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road, branch road four kinds, the coupling of road type is operated in generalized information system and completes, each floor data all comprises longitude and latitude field, can create a little on existing road network, by judging that the section name residing for this point obtains its road type;

Step 1.4, carries out short stroke division, and for each vehicle and road type, all data are divided into the short stroke that duration is 180 seconds, and each short stroke needs to calculate its average velocity, to carry out next step speed cluster;

Step 1.5, the speed that is averaged cluster, all short strokes obtained by said process carry out cluster according to average velocity, and obtain the speed interval belonging to it, method is shown below:

Step 1.6, carries out VSP cluster, and VSP is obtained by instantaneous velocity and acceleration calculation, and VSP is calculated as follows shown in formula:

$\mathrm{VSP}=\frac{\mathrm{Av}+{\mathrm{Bv}}^2+{\mathrm{Cv}}^2+\mathrm{mva}}{f}$

Wherein, v is motor vehicle speed, unit m/s; A is acceleration, unit m/s ²; A, B, C, m, f are constant;

In order to reflect the relation between VSP distribution and average velocity better, be that division is carried out and cluster to VSP in interval with 1kW/t, obtain VSP bin, concrete calculating sees following formula:

$\∀:\mathrm{VSP}\∈[n-0.5,n+0.5),\mathrm{VSPbin}=n$

Step 1.7, set up VSP distributed data base, by a large amount of different automobile types by based on the driving cycle data of second, through above-mentioned processing procedure, finally cluster is carried out to all vehicles, road type, VSP that speed interval is identical, add up the number percent that VSP number corresponding to each speed interval accounts for such VSP sum, i.e. VSP distribution, is shown below:

$R_{i,k}=\frac{N_{i,k}}{N_k}$

Wherein, R _i,kfor the distributive law of interval i-th the VSP bin of a kth average velocity; N _kfor the VSP sum in a kth average velocity interval; N _i,kfor the VSP number that the interval VSPbin of a kth average velocity is i.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein second step comprises further:

Step 2.1, gathers emission test data, utilizes PEMS vehicle mounted tail gas testing apparatus harvester oil consumption of motor vehicle and emission data, comprises and gathers date, time, speed, CO ₂, NO _x, HC, CO by second discharge capacity, by oil consumption etc. second;

Step 2.2, divide fuel type, fuel type comprises: gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG) (Liquefied NaturalGas, LNG), compressed natural gas (Compressed Natural Gas, CNG), hybrid power, double fuel;

Step 2.3, divides emission standard, classifies, according to the productive year of testing vehicle, determine the emission standard type of vehicle according to the emission standard performed by vehicle to vehicle;

Step 2.4, divides distance travelled, divides the distance travelled of similar vehicle;

Step 2.5, calculates average emission rate, calculates the average emission rate of each VSP bin of often kind of vehicle, fuel type, emission standard, the corresponding classification of distance travelled, is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_i=\frac{1}{m}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{er}}_j$

Wherein, ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit g/s; Er _jthe emission index that the jth VSP of to be VSPbin be i is corresponding, unit is g/s; The VSP number of m to be VSP bin be i;

Step 2.6, sets up emission index database, the above-mentioned result of calculation of different automobile types, emission standard, distance travelled is arranged, is classified, sets up each VSP bin emission index database.

4. the method for claim 1, wherein the 3rd step comprises further:

Step 3.1, calculates emission factor, and the computing method of the interval emission factor of each average velocity are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_k=(\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{ER}}_i\×\mathrm{VSP}{\mathrm{bin}}_i)/v\×3600$

Wherein, EF _kfor the emission factor in kth average velocity interval, unit is g/km; ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit is g/s; VSP bin _iit is the Distribution Value of interval i-th the VSP bin of kth average velocity; V is the average of a kth speed interval, and unit is km/h;

Step 3.2, calculates the oil consumption factor, and the oil consumption factor is defined as the fuel oil quality that motor-driven vehicle going unit distance consumes, and computing method are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{Fuel}}=\frac{1}{\%C}(\frac{12}{44}{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2}+\frac{12}{28}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{CO}}+\frac{12}{13}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{HC}})$

Wherein, EF _fuelfor the oil consumption factor; eF _cO, EF _hCbe respectively CO ₂, CO, HC emission factor; %C is the mass ratio of C in fuel.

5. the method for claim 1, wherein the 4th step section Emission amount calculation method is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_{\sec \mathrm{tion}}=l\·\underset{i,j,k,m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{ijkm}}^v\·q({\mathrm{Vehicle}}_i,{\mathrm{Fuel}}_j,{S\tan \mathrm{dard}}_k,{\mathrm{Mileage}}_m)$

Wherein, ER _sectionfor measuring and calculating section emission index, l is measuring and calculating road section length, q (Vehicle _i, Fuel _j, Standard _k, Mileage _m) be the volume of traffic of i-th kind of vehicle, jth kind fuel type, kth kind emission standard, m class distance travelled, speed interval for above-mentioned classification correspondence is the Discharging Factor of Vehicles of v.

6., based on the system that the traffic circulation data of VSP distribution are coupled with emissions data, comprise traffic circulation data acquisition unit, for gathering traffic circulation data; Vehicular emission data acquisition unit, for harvester motor-car emissions data; Data coupling unit, for being coupled to traffic circulation data and emissions data; Section Emission amount calculation unit, carries out section estimation on loading effluent.

7. system as claimed in claim 6, wherein traffic circulation data processing unit comprises further:

Floor data acquisition module, utilize vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, harvester motor-car is by driving cycle data second, comprise and gather date, time, longitude, latitude, speed, deflection, elevation etc., data are arranged according to unified form, controlled by preliminary quality, mark undesirable record, set up motor-driven vehicle going floor data storehouse;

Car model classification module, classifies motor vehicle by car weight, is divided into minicar, Light-duty Vehicle, in-between car and heavy goods vehicles;

Road type matching module, road type is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road, branch road four kinds, the coupling of road type is operated in generalized information system and completes, each floor data all comprises longitude and latitude field, can create a little on existing road network, by judging that the section name residing for this point obtains its road type;

Short stroke divides module, and for each vehicle and road type, all data are divided into the short stroke that duration is 180 seconds, and each short stroke needs to calculate its average velocity;

Average velocity cluster module, all short strokes obtained by said process carry out cluster according to average velocity, and obtain the speed interval belonging to it, method is shown below:

VSP cluster module, VSP is obtained by instantaneous velocity and acceleration calculation, and VSP is calculated as follows shown in formula:

$\mathrm{VSP}=\frac{\mathrm{Av}+{\mathrm{Bv}}^2+{\mathrm{Cv}}^2+\mathrm{mva}}{f}$

Wherein, v is motor vehicle speed, unit m/s; A is acceleration, unit m/s ²; A, B, C, m, f are constant.

In order to reflect the relation between VSP distribution and average velocity better, be that division is carried out and cluster to VSP in interval with 1kW/t, obtain VSP bin, concrete calculating sees following formula:

$\∀:\mathrm{VSP}\∈[n-0.5,n+0.5),\mathrm{VSPbin}=n$

VSP distributed data base sets up module, by a large amount of different automobile types by based on the driving cycle data of second, through above-mentioned processing procedure, finally cluster is carried out to all vehicles, road type, VSP that speed interval is identical, add up the number percent that VSP number corresponding to each speed interval accounts for such VSP sum, i.e. VSP distribution, is shown below:

$R_{i,k}=\frac{N_{i,k}}{N_k}$

Wherein, R _i,kfor the distributive law of interval i-th the VSP bin of a kth average velocity; N _kfor the VSP sum in a kth average velocity interval; N _i,kfor the VSP number that the interval VSPbin of a kth average velocity is i.

8. system as claimed in claim 6, wherein vehicular emission data processing unit comprises further:

Emission test data acquisition module, utilizes PEMS vehicle mounted tail gas testing apparatus harvester oil consumption of motor vehicle and emission data, comprises and gathers date, time, speed, CO ₂, NO _x, HC, CO by second discharge capacity, by oil consumption etc. second;

Fuel type divides module, fuel type comprises: gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG) (Liquefied NaturalGas, LNG), compressed natural gas (Compressed Natural Gas, CNG), hybrid power, double fuel;

Emission standard divides module, classifies, according to the productive year of testing vehicle, determine the emission standard type of vehicle according to the emission standard performed by vehicle to vehicle;

Distance travelled divides module, divides the distance travelled of similar vehicle;

Average emission rate computing module, calculates the average emission rate of each VSP bin of often kind of vehicle, fuel type, emission standard, the corresponding classification of distance travelled, is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_i=\frac{1}{m}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{er}}_j$

Wherein, ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit g/s; Er _jthe emission index that the jth VSP of to be VSPbin be i is corresponding, unit is g/s; The VSP number of m to be VSP bin be i;

Emission index Database module, arranges the above-mentioned result of calculation of different automobile types, emission standard, distance travelled, classifies, set up each VSP bin emission index database.

9. system as claimed in claim 6, wherein data coupling unit comprises further:

Emission factor computing module, the computing method of the interval emission factor of each average velocity are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_k=(\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{ER}}_i\×\mathrm{VSP}{\mathrm{bin}}_i)/v\×3600$

Wherein, EF _kfor the emission factor in kth average velocity interval, unit is g/km; ER _ibe the average emission rate of i-th VSP bin, unit is g/s; VSP bin _iit is the Distribution Value of interval i-th the VSP bin of kth average velocity; V is the intermediate value in kth average velocity interval, and unit is km/h.

Oil consumption factor computing module, computing method are shown below:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{Fuel}}=\frac{1}{\%C}(\frac{12}{44}{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2}+\frac{12}{28}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{CO}}+\frac{12}{13}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{HC}})$

Wherein, EF _fuelfor the oil consumption factor; eF _cO, EF _hCbe respectively CO ₂, CO, HC emission factor; %C is the mass ratio of C in fuel.

10. system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for section Emission amount calculation unit calculating section discharge capacity is shown below:

${\mathrm{ER}}_{\sec \mathrm{tion}}=l\·\underset{i,j,k,m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{\mathrm{EF}}_{\mathrm{ijkm}}^v\·q({\mathrm{Vehicle}}_i,{\mathrm{Fuel}}_j,{S\tan \mathrm{dard}}_k,{\mathrm{Mileage}}_m)$

Wherein, ER _sectionfor measuring and calculating section emission index, l is measuring and calculating road section length, q (Vehicle _i, Fuel _j, Standard _k, Mileage _m) be the volume of traffic of i-th kind of vehicle, jth kind fuel type, kth kind emission standard, m class distance travelled, speed interval for above-mentioned classification correspondence is the Discharging Factor of Vehicles of v.