CN104715159A - Multi-hierarchy analysis method for risk assessment of linear engineering geological hazards - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-hierarchy analysis method for risk assessment of linear engineering geological hazards. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting data of an assessment area; (2) dividing risk assessment segments of the linear engineering geological hazards; (3) establishing a geological hazard multi-hierarchy comprehensive discrimination model factor set; (4) determining a geological hazard multi-hierarchy comprehensive discrimination model weight set; (5) determining a geological hazard multi-hierarchy comprehensive discrimination matrix; and (6) determining the geological hazard risk assessment grades of the segments. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the segment division is performed according to linear engineering characteristics aiming at the defects of an existing linear engineering geological hazard risk assessment method, a geological hazard occurrence principle is combined to divide the factors influencing the hazard occurrence into environmental background factors and trigger factors, and geological hazard risk grade assessment of each segment in the linear engineering is realized by establishing a base layer, a criterion layer and a target layer of the geological hazard risk assessment.

Description

A kind of multi-hierarchy analytic method of linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard

Technical field

The present invention relates to the method for a kind of geological exploration assessment, be specifically related to a kind of multi-hierarchy analytic method of linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard.

Background technology

Two global seismic zones are crossed over by China.Under the impact of circum-Pacific seismic zone and Mediterranean-Himalaya seismic zone, China becomes the area that global continental earthquake is the most concentrated, activity is the highest.Meanwhile, China is man of Shi Yigeduo mountain country also, and mountain region area accounts for 2/3rds of area.Under such geology and landforms background, China becomes affects one of the most serious country by geologic hazard in the world, according to the statistical study of " the Chinese Geological environment publication " since two thousand one announced Ministry of Land and Resources, the death toll that China causes because of geologic hazard is every year all more than 300 people, and direct economic loss is huge.

Geologic hazard is environmental exact details factor and the coefficient result of triggering factors.Environmental exact details factor comprises again that slope is high, the gradient, engineering geology rock group, bank slope structure, hydrogeological condition, River function geologic function, soft stratum situation, complexity of structures, ground deformation situation, existing dynamic geological, vegetation development situation, rock-mass quality, discontinuities array situation etc., these environmental exact details factors are internal factors of geologic hazard generation and development and evolution.Triggering factors mainly comprises heavy rain, earthquake, Human dried bloodstains etc., and these factors are the transient causes promoting that geologic hazard occurs.Breeding the environmental exact details factor that geologic hazard occurs is the necessary condition of causing disaster, and triggering factors is the adequate condition that geologic hazard occurs, and geologic hazard needs just can occur under the acting in conjunction of certain environmental exact details factor and triggering factors.

Along with Chinese society and expanding economy, the propelling of development of the West Regions, the wire engineering construction fast developments such as high-speed railway, highway, oil and natural gas pipeline.Due to China's geology and geomorphologic conditions complexity, these wire engineerings all face the threat of geologic hazard at its mountain segment.In recent years, in the wire engineering construction of mountain area, such as the slope project accident of landslide, avalanche, falling rocks, rubble flow etc. frequently occurs, and causes great harm to engineering construction and local economic development, people's lives.Such as, have high slope and nearly more than 200, landslide in the section 300krn of Jingzhu Highway In Dawu North Guangdong, harnessing landslide and Reinforcing High Slope increase nearly 800,000,000 yuan of investment.Yuanjiang to grind black highway landslide and high side slope expense reach more than 600,000,000 yuan.Nanning to Kunming railway eight crosses landslide, station, volume 500,000 m ³, control expense is up to 9,000 ten thousand yuan.

Summary of the invention

(1) goal of the invention

The deficiency of linear Geological Hazard risk assessment method, according to the feature of linear engineering, carry out section partition, and be divided into environmental exact details factor and triggering factors in conjunction with geologic hazard genetis method principle by affecting its factor occurred, by setting up the basal layer of Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard, rule layer and destination layer respectively, realize linear engineering each section geological hazard dangerous level evaluation.

(2) technical scheme

A kind of multi-hierarchy analytic method of linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard, by general investigation and data collection, on the basis of geologize Disasters Type and plague law, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, set up the basal layer of geologic hazard Multi-level Evaluation, rule layer and destination layer respectively, its concrete steps comprise:

(1) district's Data acquisition, is assessed: taking a broad survey and collecting on the basis of wire engineering data, sum up wire line of project Geographical Environment Background and engineering geological condition, conclude geologic hazard type and engineering characteristic, trigger reason and influence factor, developmental condition and the regularity of distribution, hazard level and development trend;

(2) linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard section partition: according to linear engineering geographical environment along the line feature or the demand of engineering construction own, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, arrange and conclude type and the feature of each section varying environment factor of background and triggering factors, for the step analysis carrying out Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard lays the foundation and condition;

(3) set up geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection: each factor of risk assessment classified, set up dangerous comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection; The set that comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection (U) is made up of n the factor affecting geologic hazard, is expressed as U={u ₁, u ₂, u ₃..., u _n, element u _ibe i-th factor set, can be specifically given according to the factor affecting geologic hazard, each factor set comprises m factor, i.e. U _i={ u _i1, u _i2, u _i3..., u _im;

(4) geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination Model Weight collection is determined: adopt analytical hierarchy process, determine weight allocation matrix w _i={ w ₁, w ₂, w ₃..., w _n, build the potentiality number of degrees according to influence factor and quantize the weight of criterion and be normalized; Set up recursive hierarchy structure evaluation model according to classification factor, set up to compare based on this and sentence knowledge matrix; Weight vector computation is determined by eigenvalue method usually, for ensureing accuracy and the confidence level of sentencing knowledge matrix, completes sentencing the consistency check knowing matrix simultaneously;

A () Factor Weight vector calculation: the importance ranking of influence factor weight vectors and factor of evaluation, adopts eigenvalue method to calculate; If sentencing the Maximum characteristic root knowing matrix is λ _max, proper vector is w, adopts root approximate solution, then the weight w of i-th influence factor _iknow matrix Maximum characteristic root λ with sentencing _maxcomputing formula be: to vector do normalized, namely then A={a ₁, a ₂..., a _m} ^tfor required proper vector, sentence the characteristic root knowing matrix wherein (TA) _ifor of vector T A _iindividual element,

$\mathrm{TA}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_1\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_2\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_3\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_4\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{b}_{11}& b_{12}& L& b_{1n}\\ b_{21}& b_{22}& L& b_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ b_{n1}& b_{n2}& L& b_{\mathrm{nn}}\end{array}\right]\·\left[\begin{array}{c}{a}_1\\ a_2\\ ...\\ a_n\end{array}\right];$

B () sentences the consistency check of knowledge matrix index: in order to for avoiding other factors to sentence to the interference and guarantee of sentencing knowledge matrix the confidence level and accuracy of knowing matrix sort, require that sentencing knowledge matrix meets consistance, needs to carry out consistency check to sentencing knowledge matrix;

Test rating and coincident indicator are:

$\left.\begin{array}{c}C\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;=\frac{C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}{R\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}\\ C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;=\frac{1}{n-1}({\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\max }-n)\end{array}\right\},$ Wherein CR knows matrix Consistency Ratio for sentencing, as CR < 0.1, think that sentencing knowledge matrix has good consistance, otherwise the value sentenced and know matrix element should be adjusted, CI knows matrix coincident indicator for sentencing, and RI sentences the Aver-age Random Consistency Index knowing matrix;

(5) the multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix of geologic hazard: establish then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition; By $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)$ (0≤b _j≤1)， $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model;

then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition, by $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)$ (0≤b _j≤1)， $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model;

(6) determination of section Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard grade: according to the result of multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix, for the ease of evaluating the Hazard rank of geologic hazard, utilize semantics scale, be that geologic hazard incidence is high by geologic hazard grade classification five rank: I in potential geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination model, II is that geologic hazard incidence is high, III is that geologic hazard incidence is medium, and IV geologic hazard incidence is low, and V is for geologic hazard can not occur; For the ease of calculating, the semantics scale of subjective assessment quantizes by we, and assignment is 10,9,8 successively ... 2,1.

(3) beneficial effect

Compared with prior art, it has following beneficial effect in the present invention: the present invention is compared to traditional PROCESS FOR TREATMENT a lot of advantages: as equipment is simple, floor area is few, and plant maintenance is simple; And the sludge quantity produced is few, and the water percentage of mud is low, is easy to process; Mud as farmland organic fertilizer, can also do a recycling.Operation of the present invention is fairly simple, has flow process short, the plurality of advantages such as operating cost is low, and load is little, successful.What also can be applicable to high concentration can the process of biochemical, organic wastewater that can not be biochemical.Collecting methane system also can do combustion gas use the biogas collected in addition.And adsorb the objectionable impuritiess such as the free molecule in waste water through active carbon filter, also eliminate the peculiar smell in waste water.Waste water after process is recycled.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, plant the multi-hierarchy analytic method of linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard, by general investigation and data collection, on the basis of geologize Disasters Type and plague law, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, set up the basal layer of geologic hazard Multi-level Evaluation, rule layer and destination layer respectively, its concrete steps comprise:

(1) district's Data acquisition, is assessed: taking a broad survey and collecting on the basis of wire engineering data, sum up wire line of project Geographical Environment Background and engineering geological condition, conclude geologic hazard type and engineering characteristic, trigger reason and influence factor, developmental condition and the regularity of distribution, hazard level and development trend.

(2) linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard section partition: according to linear engineering geographical environment along the line feature or the demand of engineering construction own, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, arrange and conclude type and the feature of each section varying environment factor of background and triggering factors, for the step analysis carrying out Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard lays the foundation and condition.

(3) set up geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection: each factor of risk assessment classified, set up dangerous comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection.The set that comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection (U) is made up of n the factor affecting geologic hazard, is expressed as U={u ₁, u ₂, u ₃..., u _n, element u _ibe i-th factor set, can be specifically given according to the factor affecting geologic hazard, each factor set comprises m factor, i.e. U _i={ u _i1, u _i2, u _i3,..., u _im.

(4) geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination Model Weight collection is determined: adopt analytical hierarchy process, determine weight allocation matrix w _i={ w ₁, w ₂, w ₃..., w _n, build the potentiality number of degrees according to influence factor and quantize the weight of criterion and be normalized.Set up recursive hierarchy structure evaluation model according to classification factor, set up to compare based on this and sentence knowledge matrix.Weight vector computation is determined by eigenvalue method usually, for ensureing accuracy and the confidence level of sentencing knowledge matrix, completes sentencing the consistency check knowing matrix simultaneously.

A () Factor Weight vector calculation: the importance ranking of influence factor weight vectors and factor of evaluation, adopts eigenvalue method to calculate.If sentencing the Maximum characteristic root knowing matrix is λ _max, proper vector is w, adopts root approximate solution, then the weight w of i-th influence factor _iknow matrix Maximum characteristic root λ with sentencing _maxcomputing formula be: to vector do normalized, namely then A={a ₁, a ₂..., a _m} ^tfor required proper vector, sentence the characteristic root knowing matrix wherein (TA) _ifor i-th element of vector T A,

$\mathrm{TA}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_1\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_2\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_3\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_4\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{b}_{11}& b_{12}& L& b_{1n}\\ b_{21}& b_{22}& L& b_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ b_{n1}& b_{n2}& L& b_{\mathrm{nn}}\end{array}\right]\&CenterDot;\left[\begin{array}{c}{a}_1\\ a_2\\ ...\\ a_n\end{array}\right]$

B () sentences the consistency check of knowledge matrix index: in order to for avoiding other factors to sentence to the interference and guarantee of sentencing knowledge matrix the confidence level and accuracy of knowing matrix sort, require that sentencing knowledge matrix meets consistance, needs to carry out consistency check to sentencing knowledge matrix.

Test rating and coincident indicator are:

$\left.\begin{array}{c}C\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;=\frac{C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}{R\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}\\ C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;=\frac{1}{n-1}({\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\max }-n)\end{array}\right\},$ Wherein CR knows matrix Consistency Ratio for sentencing, as CR < 0.1, think that sentencing knowledge matrix has good consistance, otherwise the value sentenced and know matrix element should be adjusted, CI knows matrix coincident indicator for sentencing, and RI sentences the Aver-age Random Consistency Index knowing matrix.

(5) the multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix of geologic hazard: establish then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition.By $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)$ (0≤b _j≤1)， $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model.

then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition.By $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)$ (0≤b _j≤1)， $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model.

(6) determination of section Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard grade: according to the result of multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix, for the ease of evaluating the Hazard rank of geologic hazard, utilize semantics scale, be that geologic hazard incidence is high by geologic hazard grade classification five rank: I in potential geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination model, II is that geologic hazard incidence is high, III is that geologic hazard incidence is medium, and IV geologic hazard incidence is low, and V is for geologic hazard can not occur.For the ease of calculating, the semantics scale of subjective assessment quantizes by we, and assignment is 10,9,8 successively ... 2,1.Geological hazard dangerous evaluation criteria part table 1.

Table 1 Geological Hazards Risk Evaluation quantitative classification standard

Embodiment recited above is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limits the spirit and scope of the present invention.Under the prerequisite not departing from design concept of the present invention; the various modification that this area ordinary person makes technical scheme of the present invention and improvement; all should drop into protection scope of the present invention, the technology contents of request protection of the present invention, all records in detail in the claims.

Claims (1)

1. the multi-hierarchy analytic method of a linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard, by general investigation and data collection, on the basis of geologize Disasters Type and plague law, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, set up the basal layer of geologic hazard Multi-level Evaluation, rule layer and destination layer respectively, its concrete steps comprise:

(1) district's Data acquisition, is assessed: taking a broad survey and collecting on the basis of wire engineering data, sum up wire line of project Geographical Environment Background and engineering geological condition, conclude geologic hazard type and engineering characteristic, trigger reason and influence factor, developmental condition and the regularity of distribution, hazard level and development trend;

(2) linear engineering Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard section partition: according to linear engineering geographical environment along the line feature or the demand of engineering construction own, section partition is carried out to linear engineering, arrange and conclude type and the feature of each section varying environment factor of background and triggering factors, for the step analysis carrying out Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard lays the foundation and condition;

(3) set up geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection: each factor of risk assessment classified, set up dangerous comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection; The set that comprehensive discrimination factor of a model collection (U) is made up of n the factor affecting geologic hazard, is expressed as U={u ₁, u ₂, u ₃..., u _n, element u _ibe i-th factor set, can be specifically given according to the factor affecting geologic hazard, each factor set comprises m factor, i.e. U _i={ u _i1, u _i2, u _i3..., u _im;

(4) geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination Model Weight collection is determined: adopt analytical hierarchy process, determine weight allocation matrix w _i={ w ₁, w ₂, w ₃..., w _n, build the potentiality number of degrees according to influence factor and quantize the weight of criterion and be normalized; Set up recursive hierarchy structure evaluation model according to classification factor, set up to compare based on this and sentence knowledge matrix; Weight vector computation is determined by eigenvalue method usually, for ensureing accuracy and the confidence level of sentencing knowledge matrix, completes sentencing the consistency check knowing matrix simultaneously;

A () Factor Weight vector calculation: the importance ranking of influence factor weight vectors and factor of evaluation, adopts eigenvalue method to calculate; If sentencing the Maximum characteristic root knowing matrix is λ _max, proper vector is w, adopts root approximate solution, then the weight w of i-th influence factor _iknow matrix Maximum characteristic root λ with sentencing _maxcomputing formula be: to vector do normalized, namely then A={a ₁, a ₂..., a _m} ^tfor required proper vector, sentence the characteristic root knowing matrix wherein (TA) _ifor of vector T A _iindividual element,

$\mathrm{TA}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_1\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_2\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_3\\ {\left(\mathrm{TA}\right)}_4\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{b}_{11}& b_{12}& L& b_{1n}\\ b_{21}& b_{22}& L& b_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ b_{n1}& b_{n2}& L& b_{\mathrm{nn}}\end{array}\right]\&CenterDot;\left[\begin{array}{c}{a}_1\\ a_2\\ ...\\ a_n\end{array}\right];$

B () sentences the consistency check of knowledge matrix index: in order to for avoiding other factors to sentence to the interference and guarantee of sentencing knowledge matrix the confidence level and accuracy of knowing matrix sort, require that sentencing knowledge matrix meets consistance, needs to carry out consistency check to sentencing knowledge matrix;

Test rating and coincident indicator are:

$\left.\begin{array}{c}C\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;=\frac{C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}{R\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;}\\ C\&CenterDot;I\&CenterDot;=\frac{1}{n-1}({\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{\max }-n)\end{array}\right\},$ Wherein CR knows matrix Consistency Ratio for sentencing, as CR < 0.1, think that sentencing knowledge matrix has good consistance, otherwise the value sentenced and know matrix element should be adjusted, CI knows matrix coincident indicator for sentencing, and RI sentences the Aver-age Random Consistency Index knowing matrix;

(5) the multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix of geologic hazard: establish then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition; By $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)(0\&le;b_j\&le;1),$ $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model;

then the weight vector reflecting each Factor Weight, and meet normalizing condition, by $\underset{~}{B}=W\&CenterDot;R=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)(0\&le;b_j\&le;1),$ $b_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_i\&CenterDot;r_{\mathrm{ij}}$ Weighted average calculation model composite calulation, is subordinate to criterion according to maximum, namely for jth kind judges sentencing the status of knowing in model;

(6) determination of section Risk Evaluation of Geological Hazard grade: according to the result of multi-level comprehensive discrimination matrix, for the ease of evaluating the Hazard rank of geologic hazard, utilize semantics scale, be that geologic hazard incidence is high by geologic hazard grade classification five rank: I in potential geologic hazard multi-level comprehensive discrimination model, II is that geologic hazard incidence is high, III is that geologic hazard incidence is medium, and IV geologic hazard incidence is low, and V is for geologic hazard can not occur; For the ease of calculating, the semantics scale of subjective assessment quantizes by we, and assignment is 10,9,8 successively ... 2,1.