CN104711476A - Channel steel for hot rolling of forklift portal and preparation method of channel steel - Google Patents
Channel steel for hot rolling of forklift portal and preparation method of channel steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104711476A CN104711476A CN201510108788.2A CN201510108788A CN104711476A CN 104711476 A CN104711476 A CN 104711476A CN 201510108788 A CN201510108788 A CN 201510108788A CN 104711476 A CN104711476 A CN 104711476A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
Abstract
The invention provides high-strength and high-hardness channel steel for hot rolling of a forklift portal and a preparation method of the channel steel. The channel steel for the forklift portal comprises the following chemical components by weight percentage: 0.23-0.30% of C, 0.15-0.30% of Si, 1.00-1.30% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.015% of S, 0.06-0.08% of V and the balance of ferrum and unavoidable microimpurities. The channel steel has good yield strength and higher hardness, and can meet property requirements on the channel steel for the forklift portal and achieve low-cost production, the average yield strength can reach 499MPa, and the average hardness can reach HB205 (Brinell Hardness 205).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of low-alloy high-strength steel for machine building, especially a kind of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The intensity rank of the forklift door frame shaped steel of current production is generally 335MPa and 400MPa, only has small part product to reach 420MPa, rank should be generally HB170-190.Usually require that the intensity of forklift door frame steel is high as much as possible, to guarantee the security of whole door frame when load-bearing, sufficiently high hardness to be had simultaneously, to make forklift door frame steel, there is high wear resisting property, reduce the annexes such as roller to the wearing and tearing of door frame in rolling process, the life-span of raising portal frame system.
For more than 3 tons channel steel for mast of forklifts, usually require that its yield strength is greater than 450MPa, hardness is greater than HB200.But in order to realize this target, usually adopt low-carbon (LC)+microalloy technology, support the use aluminium deoxidation+stopper job contract skill, guarantee high strength and the high tenacity of product, increased considerably production cost, and process control is complicated, is unfavorable for High-efficient Production.
Patent documentation CN103074545A discloses a kind of high-strength low-temperature-resistant hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift and preparation method thereof.In the method, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of channel steel for mast of forklift is: C0.15% ~ 0.20%, Si0.30% ~ 0.45%, Mn1.30% ~ 1.45%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.07% ~ 0.09%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.The preparation method of the channel steel for mast of forklift of the method comprises: molten iron pre-desulfurization, and the sulphur content controlled in desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%; Converter smelting, adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts aluminium manganese-ferro deoxidation, and the oxygen level controlled in molten steel is less than 30ppm; LF refining, in refining process, first fully stirringization slag, makes white slag or yellowish-white slag; Continuous casting, in casting process, uses integral stopper rod bag, adopts the casting of square billet full guard; Rolling.The yield strength of the channel-section steel that the method obtains is functional, on average can reach 475MPa, can meet the performance requriements of channel steel for mast of forklift.But the open method inclination of this patent documentation in high strength and low temperature resistant, and relates to the techniques such as aluminium deoxidation+stopper bag, vanadium micro-alloying, and production process is complicated, and cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
High strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof.
The weight percentage of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift provided by the invention consists of: C0.23% ~ 0.30%, Si 0.15% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.00% ~ 1.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V0.06% ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
Preferably, the weight percentage of described hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift consists of C 0.23% ~ 0.27%, Si0.20% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.10% ~ 1.25%, P≤0.020%, S<0.010%, V 0.06 ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
High strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention, is characterized in that P, S content is low, V alloy add-on is low, thus under ensureing that product has the prerequisite of higher-strength, can realizes low cost production.The present invention for composition control based on: in production practice process, for obtaining the product of high strength, usually adopt alloying elements such as adding Nb, V to realize alloy strengthening, product cost is higher; And in the present invention, improve Molten Steel Cleanliness by reducing P, S content, for reducing the inclusion content in product, only needing to add a small amount of V alloy, under ensureing that product has the prerequisite of higher-strength, low cost production can be realized simultaneously.
In addition, the Composition Design of hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift adopt in the mentality of designing that controls of carbon+vanadium micro-alloying+low P, S.Middle carbon can improve hardness and the intensity of product; Add trace vanadium alloy, due to refined crystalline strengthening effect and the precipitation strength of vanadium, effectively can improve product strength, and keep the low cost effect of product; Low P, S can improve Molten Steel Cleanliness, reduce harmful in steel being mingled with, guarantee the stability of the high strength and high hardness of product.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, described method comprises the steps:
1) molten iron pre-desulfurization, and the sulphur content controlled in desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%;
2) converter smelting, adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and adopts Si-Ca-Ba deoxidation, and the oxygen level controlled in molten steel is less than 30ppm;
3) LF refining, in refining process, first fully stirringization slag, makes white slag or yellowish-white slag;
4) continuous casting, in casting process, uses common tundish, adopts the casting of square billet full guard;
5) rolling.The weight percentage of the chemical composition of the channel steel for mast of forklift of rolling gained is: C 0.23% ~ 0.30%, Si 0.15% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.00% ~ 1.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V 0.06% ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
Preferably, step 2) in the add-on of Si-Ca-Ba be 1.5kg/t steel ~ 2.0kg/t steel.
Preferably, step 2) in, ladle adopts red-face role's ladle, storing temperature >=800 DEG C; Control endpoint carbon content and be not less than 0.10wt%; Adopt two slag-stopping tapping technique, putting the steel time is not less than 1.5min, controls quantity of slag < 70mm under converter; In employing, manganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy carry out alloying, and alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and added, and alloying constituent controls by middle limit; Carburelant adopts and forges coal, and accurate steel stream evenly adds, and adds before tapping 3/4; Tapping 3/5 ~ 4/5 time drop into slag-blocking ball to ensure good pushing off the slag effect, ensure ladle slag thick≤70mm.
Preferably, step 3) in LF refining procedure, omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring, with silicon carbide or de-slag is adjusted to white slag or yellowish-white slag again; Take disposable benefit to feed aluminum steel, liquid steel temperature composition feeds calcium line 50 ~ 80m/ stove after reaching cast requirement before departures.
Preferably, step 4) in continuous casting working procedure, two cold employings are weak cold, crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, the superheating temperature of tundish is controlled at 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and tundish adopts low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1 ~ 1.5kg/t steel, and pulling rate is 1.2 ~ 1.6m/min.
Preferably, step 5) in rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 DEG C, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 DEG C, and stocking adopts the type of cooling of naturally cooling and water-spraying control at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 DEG C.According to embodiments of the invention, the specification of stocking is preferably C175 × 66.2 × 16.2 × 25.6 channel-section steel.
The present invention improves intensity mainly through microalloying, and microalloying mainly applies vanadium, does not add other element, improves hardness by carbon content control in steel.Channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention has high strength, high rigidity and good mechanical property, yield strength average out to 499MPa, tensile strength average out to 669MPa, and hardness average out to HB205, can meet the performance requriements of forklift door frame completely.In addition, the present invention obtains the channel-section steel of high strength, high rigidity while reducing production cost.
With the comparision of production of current hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, the feature of technical scheme of the present invention is:
The first, during the present invention adopts, carbon component controls, and makes full use of the intensity and the hardness that are used for improving forklift door frame channel-section steel of carbon, realizes low cost production.
Second, the present invention only adds trace V alloy, use refined crystalline strengthening and the precipitation strength mechanism of vanadium, because vanadium is minimum on the impact of phase-change characteristic after hot rolling, final rolling temperature a wider range, does not need controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and does not need after rolling to heat-treat, complete Composition Design and the production of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, reduce the cost of alloy of production process.
3rd, adopt common tundish full guard protective casting condition when the present invention produces square billet, permanent pulling rate can be realized, improve slab quality, adopt low cost production to go out high-strength mechanical manufacture steel.
4th, hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift yield strength of the present invention is functional, average out to 499MPa, is the forklift door frame channel-section steel that current domestic intensity is the highest.
5th, hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift hardness of the present invention is higher, and Wear Resistance is good, average out to HB205, is the forklift door frame channel-section steel that current domestic hardness is the highest.
Embodiment
The present invention improves intensity and hardness mainly through vanadium micro-alloying and middle carbon content, realizes the production of high strength and high hardness steel; The method that the present invention prepares high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift adopts common Si-Ca-Ba deoxidation, can save production cost.
To describe in detail based on embodiment as follows according to high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention and manufacture method thereof.
The weight percentage of the chemical composition of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention is: C0.23% ~ 0.30%, Si 0.15% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.00% ~ 1.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V 0.06% ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.Said components can be preferably: C 0.23% ~ 0.27%, Si 0.20% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.10% ~ 1.25%, P≤0.020%, S<0.010%, V 0.06 ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
Embodiments of the invention use following preparation method to prepare high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift:
1) molten iron pre-desulfurization, the sulphur content controlled in desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%.
In molten iron pre-desulfurization operation, molten iron, to desulfurization station, ensures after desulfurization that the sulphur content in molten iron is≤0.020wt%.
2) converter smelting, adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts Si-Ca-Ba deoxidation, and the oxygen level controlled in molten steel is less than 30ppm.
In converter smelting operation, control endpoint carbon content and be not less than 0.10wt%; Adopt two slag-stopping tapping technique tapping, and deoxidation alloying and carburetting operation are carried out to molten steel, then utilize slag making materials to carry out slag making.Particularly, in converter smelting operation, feed stock for blast furnace must meet converter process technical requirements: strictly control Intake Quantity, and error is less than ± and 0.5 ton; In converter smelting operation process, suitably increase the quantity of slag and strengthening reaction in furnace condition, strengthening dephosphorization, desulfurization; Adopt and highly draw the method for re-blowing, improve Target hit rate, endpoint carbon content controls at more than 0.10wt%.In addition, slag charge must add in terminal for first 3 minutes, and omnidistance bitsization are good, change is saturating, and finishing slag basicity controls in the scope of 2.8 ~ 3.2.Adopt two slag-stopping tapping technique, putting the steel time is not less than 1.5min, controls quantity of slag < 70mm under converter; Adopt Si-Ca-Ba to carry out deoxidation, the add-on of Si-Ca-Ba is 1.5kg/t steel ~ 2.0kg/t steel; In employing, manganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy carry out alloying, and alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and added, and alloying constituent controls by middle limit; Carburelant adopts and forges coal, and carburelant should be aimed at steel stream and evenly add, and adds before tapping 3/4; Tapping 3/5 ~ 4/5 time drop into slag-blocking ball to ensure good pushing off the slag effect, ensure ladle slag thick≤70mm; Red-face role's ladle that ladle adopts bottom blowing good, storing temperature >=800 DEG C.
In addition, add pre-melted slag in converter tapping process, ton steel add-on is 0.8kg ~ 1.2kg; Add top slag after tapping, top cinder ladle draws together lime and fluorite, and ton steel add-on is respectively the lime of 4kg ~ 5kg, the fluorite of 1kg ~ 1.5kg.According to one embodiment of present invention, the composition that pre-melted slag is main is: CaO-SiO
2-Al
2o
3-CaF-MgO, can realize slag making in advance, shortens refining time, adjustment slag system, and absorption is mingled with and deoxidation better.
3) LF refining, in refining process, first fully stirringization slag, makes white slag or yellowish-white slag.
In LF refining procedure, first fully stirringization slag in refining process, make white slag or yellowish-white slag, so-called white slag or yellowish-white slag refer to the color of reductibility refining slag, the general color judgement by the refining slag on range estimation dross rod.Specifically, in LF refining procedure, omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring, early stage according to circumstances suitably can heighten pressure, according to the viscosity of slag, color and bubble level, with silicon carbide, the multiple adjustment slag such as de-, refining to recall after white slag or yellowish-white slag according to circumstances disposable benefit and feeds aluminum steel, before departures, refining slag should keep white slag or yellowish-white slag, and liquid steel temperature composition feeds calcium line 50 to 80m/ stove after reaching cast requirement before departures.Then, adopt little argon pressure soft blow, ensure inclusion floating, refining soft blow argon 8 to 10 minutes, described refining soft blow argon refers to and keeps top of the slag fine motion, and argon flow amount is 50-150NL/min.
4) continuous casting, in casting process, uses common tundish, adopts the casting of square billet full guard.
In continuous casting working procedure, use common tundish full guard to cast, guarantee Cleanliness of Molten Steel, realize the cast of permanent pulling rate simultaneously, improve slab quality.Specifically, in continuous casting working procedure, two cold employings are weak cold, and crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, and tundish superheating temperature controls by 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and tundish adopts low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1 ~ 1.5kg/t
steel, pulling rate is 1.2 ~ 1.6m/min.In addition, according to the present invention, the first furnace temperature of tundish controls at 1540 DEG C ~ 1550 DEG C, and even water heat and control at 1530 DEG C ~ 1540 DEG C, continuous caster is six machine six streams.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, casting blank specification is 165mm × 200mm.
5) rolling.The weight percentage of the chemical composition of the channel steel for mast of forklift of rolling gained is: C 0.23% ~ 0.30%, Si 0.15% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.00% ~ 1.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V 0.06% ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
In rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 DEG C, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 DEG C, stocking adopts the type of cooling of naturally cooling+water-spraying control at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 DEG C, thus obtains channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention.According to one embodiment of present invention, the specification of stocking can be C175 × 66.2 × 16.2 × 25.6 channel-section steel.
In addition, in order to avoid making theme of the present invention thicken, the detailed description to the known technology/operation comprised at this can be omitted.Therefore, in the preparation method of high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention, all prior art can be adopted in this NM operation.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention and preparation method thereof is described further, but, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Following operational path is adopted to prepare high strength and high hardness hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift: molten iron pre-desulfurization → converter smelting → LF refining → square billet full guard continuous casting → 1-3 milling train layout pattern production line rolling → inspection warehouse-in.Concrete processing parameter is see mentioned above.
The chemical component weight per-cent of the channel-section steel obtained by embodiment 1 is in table 1, and the parameter of converter steelmaking process is in table 2, and the parameter of casting process is in table 3, and the stocking mechanical property of gained channel-section steel is in table 4.
The chemical composition (wt%) of the steel of table 1 embodiment 1
| Project | C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Fe and impurity |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 1.24 | 0.017 | 0.010 | 0.067 | Surplus |
The converter steelmaking process parameter of table 2 embodiment 1
The casting process parameter of table 3 embodiment 1
The mechanical property of table 4 embodiment 1 gained stocking
The present invention improves the intensity of channel-section steel mainly through microalloying, and microalloying mainly adopts vanadium, does not add other element, and casting process adopts common tundish full guard to cast.The preparation method of channel steel for mast of forklift of the present invention adopts Si-Ca-Ba deoxidation, and groove oxygen content in steel is less than 30ppm.The channel-section steel that method of the present invention is produced has good high strength and high hardness steel mechanical property, yield strength average out to 499MPa, tensile strength average out to 669MPa, hardness average out to HB205.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above embodiment is only illustrative, and nonrestrictive.Although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift, it is characterized in that, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of described hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is: C 0.23% ~ 0.30%, Si 0.15% ~ 0.30%, Mn 1.00% ~ 1.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.015%, V 0.06% ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
2. hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight percentage of the chemical composition of described hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift is: C 0.23% ~ 0.27%, Si 0.20% ~ 0.30%, Mn1.10% ~ 1.25%, P≤0.020%, S < 0.010%, V 0.06 ~ 0.08%, and all the other are iron and inevitable trace impurity.
3. the preparation method of the arbitrary described hot rolling channel steel for mast of forklift of claim 1-2, comprises the steps:
1) molten iron pre-desulfurization, the sulphur content controlled in desulfurized molten iron is no more than 0.020wt%;
2) converter smelting, adopts top and bottom combined blown converter smelting, and in converter steelmaking process, adopts Si-Ca-Ba deoxidation, and the oxygen level controlled in molten steel is less than 30ppm;
3) LF refining, makes white slag or yellowish-white slag in refining process;
4) continuous casting, adopts square billet full guard to cast in casting process;
5) rolling.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step 2) in the add-on of Si-Ca-Ba be 1.5kg/t steel ~ 2.0kg/t steel.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step 2) in, ladle adopts red-face role ladle, storing temperature >=800 DEG C, and controls endpoint carbon content and be not less than 0.10wt%; Converter tapping adopts two slag-stopping tapping technique, putting the steel time is not less than 1.5min, control quantity of slag < 70mm under converter, and in adopting, manganese, silicomanganese, VN alloy carries out alloying, alloy is aimed at steel stream impact zone and is added, and alloying constituent controls by middle limit; Carburelant adopts and forges coal, and accurate steel stream evenly adds, and adds before tapping 3/4; Tapping 3/5 ~ 4/5 time drop into slag-blocking ball, ensure ladle slag thick≤70mm.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, step 3) in LF refining procedure, omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring, with silicon carbide or de-slag is adjusted to white slag or yellowish-white slag again; Take disposable benefit to feed aluminum steel, liquid steel temperature composition feeds calcium line 50 ~ 80m/ stove after reaching cast requirement before departures.
7. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, step 4) in continuous casting working procedure, two cold employings are weak cold, crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, the superheating temperature of tundish is controlled at 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and tundish adopts low-carbon (LC) alkaline covering agent, the add-on of insulating covering agent is 1 ~ 1.5kg/t steel, and pulling rate is 1.2 ~ 1.6m/min.
8. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, step 5) in rolling process, the soaking temperature of process furnace is 1220 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, start rolling temperature is not less than 1150 DEG C, finishing temperature is not higher than 950 DEG C, and stocking adopts the type of cooling of naturally cooling and water-spraying control at cold bed, and straightening temperature is less than 100 DEG C.
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| CN107964625A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-27 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of big specification pallet fork round steel of low-temperature impact-resistant toughness and its production method |
| CN110144431A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-20 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of calcium treating method for the refining of LF furnace |
| CN114774613A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-22 | 广州市聚隆通用设备制造有限公司 | High-strength special-shaped channel steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115233103A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Hot-rolled H-shaped steel for assembly type building and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103966503A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-06 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | High-strength H-shaped steel for mast of forklift truck and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115233103A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Hot-rolled H-shaped steel for assembly type building and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |