CN104701605B - A kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna - Google Patents
A kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna (long 0.049 λc, wide 0.041 λc, high 0.068 λc；λcFor resonant frequency), it is characterized in that, it includes circular metal floor, antenna radiator, antenna radiator includes radiant body respectively by circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve conductor configurations, the symmetrical two inverted L-shaped conductor segments in left and right being connected respectively with two fractal curve radiant bodies, it is connected to the vertical cylinder spiral one of left side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section, it is connected to the vertical cylinder spiral two of right side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section, and it is connected to the horizontal circular ring of two vertical cylinder spiral bottoms, wherein one circular arc Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve radiant body direct short-circuit is to metal floor, another circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant bodies are then connected with coaxial feeder.The present invention realizes the desired impedance matching of electric small monopole antenna, higher gain and good efficiencies, has the advantages that thinking novelty, clear principle, method be pervasive, handling ease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication antenna equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna.
Background technology
Antenna is one of most important part in wireless communication system.Because antenna has and the analogous chi of operation wavelength
It is very little, therefore when frequency is very low, its size is often very big, such as bank latent very low frequencies (VLF) communication antenna, tank hyperfrequency
(UHF) communication unit whip antenna etc..Miniaturization and lightweight are the targets that Modern wireless communication equipment is pursued all the time, and antenna has turned into
Realize one of key and bottleneck of the target.Antenna size is designed to much smaller than operation wavelength when in order to adapt to installing space
During such as less than 0.1 λ even more small (electronically small antenna), such as pager in-built electrical small loop antenna, antenna performance for example bandwidth, gain,
The indexs such as efficiency can be substantially reduced.Especially electric little dimension antenna, the usual real part R of its input impedanceAVery little, imaginary part XAThen have very
Big reactive component so that being matched with the Ω coaxial feeders of standard 50 becomes very difficult.This can cause a day feedpoint impedance severe mismatch,
Cause antenna-reflected loss very big, thus gain and extremely inefficient, such as common vehicle-mounted AM/FM broadcast antennas.In order to make up
The brought penalty of miniaturization, electronically small antenna generally loads active amplifying circuit, the small-signal that antenna is received is put
Input processing circuit again after big several times, so as to reach the reception that nearly electric scaled antennas possesses.However, active electronically small antenna
It is only to consider a kind of antenna that reception improves without focusing on operating efficiency.If as transmitting antenna, active antenna is extremely low
Efficiency causes it can not be used in engineering practice, therefore is commonly used for reception antenna.
In summary, to improve the performance of electronically small antenna, its input impedance must be improved first, closer to 50 Ω, and
Make great efforts drop low reactance-resistance ratio to increase bandwidth.This structure design and suitable material for depending on good exquisiteness are selected, and this is with any other
Type antenna design is the same.Method of the electronically small antenna also frequently with loading lamped element such as resistance, inductance and electric capacity realizes impedance
Matching, but the high q-factor of lamped element itself and loss can cause the beamwidth of antenna and efficiency to substantially reduce.And other miniaturization sides
Method such as geometry bending, high dielectric constant material, magnetic material etc., then can cause input impedance reduction, bandwidth to narrow, gain and effect
Rate decline etc..The emerging effective ways for realizing antenna miniaturization since point shape is recent two decades, it utilizes fractals
Self-similarity (self-similarity) and space filling (space-filling) realize many harmonics of antenna and small-sized
Change.Fractal antenna can be such that physical dimension significantly reduces in the case where keeping radiation characteristic to be basically unchanged.However, several with routine
What bends equally, and fractal antenna is while realizing that resonant frequency is significantly reduced, and its input resistance will also be greatly reduced.
In view of electronically small antenna is the important antenna of a class in engineer applied, its performance how is lifted as antenna research field
In an important directions.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is it is intended that UHF SHF communications provide a kind of electric small-size, omni-directional, high-gain, high efficiency
Mobile terminal antenna, and provides the side that a kind of and 50 Ω normal impedances realize perfect match for general electric small yardstick wire antenna
Method.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned purpose using following technical solution：A kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna
(long -0.049 λc, wide -0.041 λc, -0.068 λ of heightc；λcFor resonant frequency), it is characterised in that it includes being provided with
Coaxial feeding hole and the circular metal floor of coaxial line, the antenna radiator stood on metal floor.Antenna radiator bag
Include：Respectively by the radiant body of two periodicity circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve conductor configurations through an iteration, point
Two symmetrical inverted L-shaped conductor segments of the left and right that is not connected with two points of shape wires, it is connected in the inverted L-shaped conductor level in left side
The vertical cylinder spiral one of section, be connected to right side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section vertical cylinder spiral two, and be connected to two
The horizontal circular ring of vertical cylinder spiral bottom；Wherein one circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant bodies direct short-circuit is extremely
Metal floor, another circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves radiant body is then connected with 50 Ω feeding coaxial lines.
As a further illustration of the above scheme, the top of the circular arc Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve radiant body adds
Inverted L-shaped conductor segment is carried, the vertical position lower end connection circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant bodies of inverted L-shaped conductor segment
Top.
A kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that its set-up mode comprises the following steps：
Step one, it is W in one width of XOZ planar configurationsi, horizontal length be L0It is I with iterationsiGe Xipu
Piano Planar Fractal curve (Guiseppe Peano Curve), each iteration IiHorizontal length liWith vertical height miIt
Than for δi=li/mi(i is iterations Ii)；
Step 2, under rectangular coordinate system, according to step one methods described, uses a diameter of W1Wire construct one once
Iteration I1Circular arc Ge Xipu Piano Spatial Fractal curves, its horizontal segment and vertical section are respectively arc section and straightway, circle
Arc radius and radian are respectively R0With
Step 3, according to step 2 methods described, N bar an iterations I is constructed along+Z-direction successively1Circular arc lattice west
General Piano fractal curve；Then, these unit fractal curves are joined end to end, constitutes a longer, cycle personality west
General Piano fractal curve；Its vertical height H is equal to each unit height and the summation of initial segment height, i.e. H=l0+(2·N+
1)·l1(N is number of unit, N >=1)；
Step 4, carries out image copying along YOZ planes by the N unit periodicity fractal curves in step 3, replicates rear left
Right two parts (shaft portion of X-axis positive negative half) spacing distance is s；
Step 5, two identical inverted Ls are loaded in two Spatial Fractal curve ends (top) described in step 4 respectively
Shape conductor segment, a height of l of its leading portion vertical portion1, a length of l of back segment horizontal component；
Step 6, a length and width, thickness point are loaded in the end of two inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal segments described in step 5 respectively
Other Lp、WP、TPFor vertical conductor plate, two conductor plate spacing distances be (s-TP)；Step 7, in two inverted Ls described in step 5
Partially vertical fragment position loads a vertical cylinder spiral, screw diameter, lift angle and line footpath difference respectively in the middle of shape conductor horizontal segment
For Dh、αh、Wh, rotation direction is left-handed or dextrorotation；
Two cylindrical screw bottoms described in step 7 with a diameter and line footpath are respectively D by step 8LAnd WLCircle
Ring is connected, and tie point is located in the horizontal diameter of annulus；
Step 9, a metal floor is placed in antenna lower horizontal, described in metal floor upper surface and step 4+X-axis
The partial western general Piano fractal curve top of N unit cycle personality is concordant；
Step 10, a circular hole, aperture are bored on the circular metal floor described in step 9 and fractal curve top flush position
Equal to 50 Ω standard coaxial line outer conductor internal diameters Dc, the coaxial connector of flanged disk is installed at the hole, such as SMA types, N-type,
BNC types, TNC type heads；
Step 11, by described in step 4-the western general Piano fractal curve end of X-axis part N unit cycle personality
Then it is shorted to metal floor.
As a further illustration of the above scheme, the fractal curve type that small point of shape monopole antenna of electricity is selected is once to change
Dai Gexipu Piano fractal curves I1。
Preferably, small point of shape monopole antenna of electricity is using space circular arc rather than an iteration lattice of planar fold form west
General Piano fractal curve I1To realize that antenna size is more significantly minimized.
Preferably, electric small point of shape monopole antenna uses symmetrical, the equivalent form of two-arm to realize that impedance is doubled.
Preferably, described small point of shape monopole antenna of electricity realizes electricity using the method for distributed capacitor inductance loaded in series
Desired impedance matching under small size.
Preferably, the making material of iteration Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve is that width is WiPrinted conductor or diameter
For DiPlain conductor.
Preferably, the metal floor is shaped as circular, oval, square or regular polygon.
Preferably, the fractal curve of electric small point of shape monopole antenna, the cylindrical screw inductance of loading and metal floor are adopted
Made of copper, aluminium or stainless steel material.
The beneficial effect that the present invention can be reached using above-mentioned technical solution is：
The method that the present invention is uniquely combined using fractals and distributed circuit, makes conventional hyperfrequency UHF frequencies
The structure design that section monopole antenna only relies on exquisiteness realizes the electric small-size work (λ of ＜ ＜ 0.1 in broad frequency band；
Long -0.049 λc, wide -0.041 λc, -0.068 λ of heightc；λcFor resonant frequency)；Band internal impedance matching is good, direction omnidirectional
The good, gain of property and efficiency are higher；Especially resonance point, its input impedance is no better than 50 Ω, and gain and efficiency are up to respectively
1.5dBi and 95%.Meanwhile, the present invention have the advantages that clear thinking, principle it is pervasive, simple in construction, it is easy to process the features such as,
Most original in this field of antenna of list/dipole antenna, most simple, most widely used antenna type are applied to
Extremely low, ultralow frequency range, thus further expanded its application field；Furthermore, electric small monopole antenna proposed by the invention
Method of completing the square can equally be well applied to the matching of the small wire antenna of other types electricity.
Brief description of the drawings
The rectangular coordinate system that Fig. 1 is used by antenna model defines schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is each iteration plane Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve (Guiseppe Peano Curve) schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 (a) represents just initial body or zero degree iteration I0, Fig. 2 (b) expression an iterations I1, Fig. 2 (c) expression second iterations I2, Fig. 2 (d)
Represent three iteration I3；
Fig. 3 is an iteration I1Space circular arc Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve (Guiseppe Peano Curve) shows
It is intended to；Fig. 3 (a) represents right view, and Fig. 3 (b) represents front view (front view), and Fig. 3 (c) represents side view；
Fig. 4 a are N=3 unit an iteration I1 periodic spatial circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves (Guiseppe
Peano Curve) schematic diagram；Fig. 4 a represent front view (front view), and Fig. 4 b represent stereogram；
Fig. 5 is N=3 unit an iterations I1Periodic spatial circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves (Guiseppe
Peano Curve) on YOZ plane specular schematic diagrames；Fig. 5 (a) represents side view, and Fig. 5 (b) represents that front view (is faced
Figure), Fig. 5 (c) represents top view；
Fig. 6 is N=3 unit an iterations I1Periodic spatial circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves (Guiseppe
Peano Curve) the rear top loading of specular or so inverted L-shaped conductor segment schematic diagram；Fig. 6 (a) is represented before inverted L-shaped conductor segment
View (front view), Fig. 6 (b) represents inverted L-shaped conductor segment top view；
Fig. 7 is that abutting end loads vertical conductor plate schematic diagram respectively in the middle of symmetrical two inverted L-shapeds conductor segment；Fig. 7 (a)
Vertical conductor plate right view is represented, Fig. 7 (b) represents vertical conductor plate front view (front view), and Fig. 7 (c) represents vertical conductor plate
With inverted L-shaped conductor segment assembly front view (front view), Fig. 7 (d) represents that vertical conductor plate is overlooked with inverted L-shaped conductor segment assembly
Figure, Fig. 7 (e) represents that vertical conductor plate combines body-side view with inverted L-shaped conductor segment；
Fig. 8 is that two inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal segment centre positions load vertical cylinder spiral respectively and two cylindrical screw bottoms are used
Annulus connection diagram；Fig. 8 (a) represents vertical cylinder spiral front view (front view), and Fig. 8 (b) represents vertical cylinder spiral sides
View, Fig. 8 (c) represents connection annulus top view, and Fig. 8 (d) represents connection annulus front view (front view), and Fig. 8 (e) represents inverted L
Shape conductor, vertical conductor plate, vertical cylinder spiral and its round assembly front view (front view) of bottom connection, Fig. 8 (f) are represented
Inverted L-shaped conductor, vertical conductor plate, vertical cylinder spiral and its round assembly top view of bottom connection, Fig. 8 (g) represent inverted L-shaped
Conductor, vertical conductor plate, vertical cylinder spiral and its round combination body-side view of bottom connection；
Fig. 9 is the circular floor schematic diagram with power feed hole and coaxial line；Fig. 9 (a) represents circular floor top view, Fig. 9 (b)
Represent circular floor front view (front view)；
Figure 10 is the electric small-size point shape monopole antenna overall schematic after each several part is combined；Figure 10 (a) represents a point shape
Monopole antenna top view, Figure 10 (b) represents a point shape monopole antenna front view (front view), and Figure 10 (c) represents a point shape monopole
Sub-antenna right view, Figure 10 (d) represents a point shape monopole antenna side view；
Figure 11 is the input impedance Z of electric small-size point shape monopole antennainFrequency characteristic figure；
Figure 12 is the reflectance factor of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna | S11| curve；
Figure 13 is the real gain G frequency characteristic of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna；
Figure 14 is the efficiency eta of electric small-size point shape monopole antennaAFrequency characteristic；
Figure 15 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=- of=424.00MHz 2D
3.42dBi)；
Figure 16 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=of=428.76MHz 2D
1.524dBi)；
Figure 17 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=- of=432MHz 2D
3.32dBi)。
Description of reference numerals：1st, coaxial feeding hole 2, coaxial line 3, metal floor 4, antenna body 4-1, fractal curve spoke
Beam 4-2, left side inverted L-shaped conductor segment 4-3, right side inverted L-shaped conductor 4-4, the 4-5 of vertical cylinder spiral one, vertical cylinder spiral two
4-6, level connection joint annulus 4-7, inverted L-shaped conductor vertical section.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna (long -0.049 λ for working in uhf bandc, wide-
0.041·λc, -0.068 λ of heightc；λcFor resonant frequency), it includes being provided with the circle of coaxial feeding hole 1 and coaxial line 2
Metal floor 3, the antenna body 4 stood on metal floor 3, antenna body 4 include the cycle respectively by two an iterations
The radiant body 4-1 of property circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve conductor configurations, it is connected respectively with two fractal curve radiant bodies
Two symmetrical inverted L-shaped conductor segment 4-2 of left and right, 4-3, the vertical cylinder spiral shell for being connected to left side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section
Revolve a 4-4, be connected to the 4-5 of vertical cylinder spiral two of right side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section, and be connected to two vertical cylinder spiral shells
The horizontal circular ring 4-6 of bottom is revolved, wherein a circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant body is short-circuited to metal floor 3,
Another circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant bodies are connected with coaxial feeder 2.Circular arc Ge Xipu Piano point shapes
The top loading inverted L-shaped conductor segment of curve radiant body, the vertical section 4-7 lower ends connection circular arc Ge Xipupi of inverted L-shaped conductor segment
The top of sub- promise fractal curve radiant body.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Here, an iteration I will be based on1Space circular arc Ge Xipu Pianos fractal curve (Guiseppe Peano
Curve) design electric small-size point shape monopole antenna, and provide respective drawings the present invention is described in detail.Need spy
Do not mentionlet alone bright, the example as described herein that is preferable to carry out is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not limited to or is limited
The present invention.
The electric small-size point shape monopole antenna set-up mode of the present invention, it comprises the following steps：
Step one, rectangular coordinate system in space (cartesian coordinate system) is initially set up, as shown in Figure 1.
Step 2, is W in XOZ planes demonstration line widthi, horizontal segment length liWith vertical segment length miThe ratio between be δi=li/mi(i is
Iterations Ii), horizontal total length be L0Each iteration Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves IiConstruction process, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
Step 3, is W with line footpath under rectangular coordinate system in space1Wire construct an an iteration space circular arc lattice
Western general Piano fractal curve unit I1.Wherein, arc radius and radian are respectively R0WithAs shown in Figure 3.
Step 4, the western general Piano fractal curve I of unit that step 3 is constructed1Become an end to end N
Unit periodicity fractal curve, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 5, image copying is carried out by the N unit periodicity fractal curves of step 4 along YOZ planes, left and right after duplication
Two parts (shaft portion of X-axis positive negative half) spacing distance is s, as shown in Figure 5.
Step 6, two identical inverted L-shaped conductor segments are loaded on two periodicity fractal curve tops of step 5 respectively,
The a height of l of its leading portion vertical portion1, a length of l of back segment horizontal component, as shown in Figure 6.
Step 7, a length and width, thick difference are loaded in two inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal segment ends described in step 6 respectively
Lp、WP、TPFor vertical conductor plate, two conductor plate spacing be (s-TP), as shown in Figure 7.
Step 8, partially vertical fragment position loads one respectively in the middle of two inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal segments described in step 7
Vertical cylinder spiral, screw diameter, lift angle and line footpath are respectively Dh、αh、Wh, rotation direction is left-handed or dextrorotation, such as Fig. 8 (a)-(b), 8
(e) shown in-(g).
Two cylindrical screw bottoms described in step 8 with a diameter and line footpath are respectively D by step 9LAnd WLWater
Flat round ring is connected, and tie point is located in the horizontal diameter of annulus, such as shown in Fig. 8 (c)-(g).
Step 10, it is respectively D to place a diameter and thickness in antenna lower horizontalgAnd TgCircular metal floor, such as Fig. 9
It is shown.Described in floor upper surface and step 5+the western general Piano fractal curve top of N unit cycle personality of X-axis part puts down
Together, as shown in Figure 10 (a)-(d).
Step 11, a circular hole, aperture etc. are bored on the circular floor described in step 10 and fractal curve top flush position
In coaxial outer conductor diameter Dc, such as shown in Figure 10 (a)-(d).
Step 12, by described in step 5-the western general Piano fractal curve end of X-axis part N unit cycle personality
Circular metal plate is then shorted to, shown in such as Figure 10 (b)-(d).
The present invention is for a kind of important antenna type that electric little dimension antenna is in engineering practice, but its input impedance is extremely low
Be difficult to match, Q values very high bandwidth it is very narrow, extremely inefficient, cause its application potential to be limited this present situation significantly, author, which proposes, to adopt
Mode and distributed inductance, capacitive load side are converted into western general Piano fractal curve (Guiseppe Peano Curve)
Method, realize electric small-size monopole antenna realizes desired impedance matching in broad frequency band.With reference to shown in Figure 11-Figure 17,
In Figure 11, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is input impedance Zin, unit is Ω；Solid line represents real part
Rin, dotted line represents imaginary part Xin；Known by figure, monopole resonance is in fc=428.754MHz, impedance is Zin=Rin=50 Ω, it is clear that
The resonance point can reach perfect match.
Figure 12 is the reflectance factor of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna | S11| curve.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f,
Unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is reflectance magnitude | S11|, unit is dB.Resonance point fc=428.754MHz reflectance factor
Amplitude | S11| reach -51dB.|S11Corresponding bandwidth BW=the 3.37MHz of |=- 5dB, relative bandwidth about 0.8%.
Figure 13 is the real gain G frequency characteristic of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency
Rate f, unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is the real gain G of antenna, and unit is dBi.Resonance point fc=428.754MHz real gain G
=1.53dBi.|S11|=- 5dB is with interior real gain G>-1dBi；Real gain G>Corresponding bandwidth BW=the 8MHz of -4dBi, opposite band
It is wide by about 1.87%.
Figure 14 is the efficiency eta of electric small-size point shape monopole antennaAFrequency characteristic.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency
F, unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is antenna efficiency ηA, unit is %.Resonance point fc=428.754MHz antenna efficiency ηAConnect
It is bordering on 100%.|S11|=- 5dB band internal antenna efficiency etasA>50%；Real gain G>- 4dBi band internal antenna efficiency etasA>25%.
Figure 15 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=- of=424.00MHz 2D
3.42dBi).Wherein, solid line is main polarization component Co-Pol, and dotted line is cross polar component X-Pol；Thick line represents H- faces (XOY
Plane)；Fine rule represents E- faces (XOZ planes).
Figure 16 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=of=428.76MHz 2D
1.524dBi).Wherein, solid line is main polarization component Co-Pol, and dotted line is cross polar component X-Pol；Thick line represents H- faces
(XOY plane)；Fine rule represents E- faces (XOZ planes).
Figure 17 is electric small-size point shape monopole antenna in fLReal gain pattern (the G=- of=432MHz 2D
3.32dBi).Wherein, solid line is main polarization component Co-Pol, and dotted line is cross polar component X-Pol；Thick line represents H- faces (XOY
Plane)；Fine rule represents E- faces (XOZ planes).
Result of study shows that the electronically small antenna is in 1.87% relative bandwidth, gain G>- 4dBi, effective antenna efficiency
ηA>25%, resonance point high gain reaches 1.52dBi, and efficiency is close to 100%.Meanwhile, the electric small monopole also has well complete
To directionality and relatively low cross polarization level.By contrast, other lump loaded type electronically small antennas are in efficiency, gain and bandwidth
Aspect all it is inferior a lot.In addition, the invention has, principle is novel, it is wide, simple in construction to be applicable antenna, design easy, easy to process
The advantages of.Finally, institute's extracting method of the present invention applies also for the electric small-size perfect match of other types wire antenna, such as dipole,
Loop antenna, rhombic aerial etc..
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electric small-size point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that it includes being provided with coaxial feeding hole and coaxial line
Metal floor, the antenna radiator that stands on metal floor, antenna radiator includes the space circle by two an iterations
The radiant body of arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve conductor configurations, the left and right being connected respectively with two fractal curve radiant bodies are mutual
Symmetrical two inverted L-shaped conductor segments, be connected to left side inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal mid-section vertical cylinder spiral one, be connected to right side inverted L
The vertical cylinder spiral two of shape conductor horizontal mid-section, and the horizontal circular ring of two vertical cylinder spiral bottoms is connected to, wherein one
Bar circular arc Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant body direct short-circuits are to metal floor, another circular arc Ge Xipu Piano
Fractal curve radiant body is connected with coaxial feeder.
2. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 1 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that the circular arc lattice west
The top loading inverted L-shaped conductor segment of general Piano fractal curve radiant body, the vertical section lower end connection circular arc of inverted L-shaped conductor segment
The top of Ge Xipu Piano fractal curve radiant bodies.
3. a kind of electric small-size as claimed in claim 1 or 2 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that its set-up mode
Comprise the following steps：
Step one, it is W in one width of XOZ planar configurationsi, horizontal length be L0It is I with iterationsiGe Xipupiya
Promise Planar Fractal curve, each iteration IiHorizontal length liWith vertical height miThe ratio between be δi=li/mi；
Step 2, under rectangular coordinate system, according to step one, uses a diameter of W1Wire construct an an iteration I1Circular arc lattice
Western general Piano Spatial Fractal curve, its horizontal segment and vertical section are respectively arc section and straightway, arc radius and radian
Respectively R0And φ；
Step 3, according to step 2, N bar an iterations I is constructed along+Z-direction successively1Circular arc Ge Xipu Pianos point
Shape curve；Then, these unit fractal curves are joined end to end, constitutes a longer, cycle personality western general Piano point
Shape curve；Its vertical height H is equal to each unit height and the summation of initial segment height, i.e. H=l0+(2·N+1)·l1, N is single
First number, N >=1；
Step 4, image copying is carried out by the N unit periodicity fractal curves in step 3 along YOZ planes, left and right two after duplication
Minus half shaft portion in part, respectively X-axis and X-axis positive axis part, two parts spacing distance are s；
Step 5, two identical inverted L-shaped conductor segments are loaded in two Spatial Fractal curve ends described in step 4 respectively, its
The a height of l of leading portion vertical portion1, a length of l of back segment horizontal component；
Step 6, a length and width, thick L respectively are loaded in the end of two inverted L-shaped conductor horizontal segments described in step 5 respectivelyp、
WP、TPFor vertical conductor plate, two conductor plate spacing distances be s-TP；Step 7, in two inverted L-shaped conductors described in step 5
Partially vertical fragment position loads a vertical cylinder spiral respectively in the middle of horizontal segment, and screw diameter, lift angle and line footpath are respectively Dh、αh、
Wh, rotation direction is left-handed or dextrorotation；
Two cylindrical screw bottoms described in step 7 with a diameter and line footpath are respectively D by step 8LAnd WLAnnulus connect
Connect, tie point is located in the horizontal diameter of annulus；
Step 9, a metal floor, metal floor upper surface and step 4 X-axis positive axis part are placed in antenna lower horizontal
The western general Piano fractal curve top of N unit cycle personality it is concordant；
Step 10, a circular hole is bored in the metal floor described in step 9 and fractal curve top flush position, and aperture is equal to 50 Ω
Standard coaxial line outer conductor internal diameter Dc, the coaxial connector of flanged disk is installed at the hole；
Step 11, by the western general Piano fractal curve end of the minus half shaft portion N unit cycles personality of X-axis described in step 4
Then it is shorted to metal floor.
4. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that electric small point of shape monopole
The fractal curve type that antenna is selected is an iteration Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves I1。
5. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that electric small point of shape monopole
Antenna is using space circular arc rather than an iteration Ge Xipu Piano fractal curves I of planar fold form1To realize antenna
The miniaturization of size.
6. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that electric small point of shape monopole
Antenna uses symmetrical, the equivalent form of two-arm to realize that impedance is doubled.
7. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that described small point of shape list of electricity
Pole sub-antenna realizes the desired impedance matching under electric small-size using distributed capacitor, the method for inductance loaded in series.
8. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that iteration Ge Xipupi
The making material of sub- promise fractal curve is that width is WiPrinted conductor or a diameter of DiPlain conductor.
9. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that the metal floor shape
Shape is circular, oval or square.
10. a kind of electric small-size according to claim 3 point shape monopole antenna, it is characterised in that electric small point of shape monopole
Fractal curve, the cylindrical screw inductance of loading and the metal floor of sub-antenna are made using copper, aluminium or stainless steel material.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN107785653B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2024-02-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Spiral type vibrator antenna |
| CN111082200B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 重庆品胜科技有限公司 | Polarization-reconfigurable-based electric small yagi RFID antenna |
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