CN104698501B - Single-hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel advanced geological prediction - Google Patents
Single-hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel advanced geological prediction Download PDFInfo
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- CN104698501B CN104698501B CN201510081895.0A CN201510081895A CN104698501B CN 104698501 B CN104698501 B CN 104698501B CN 201510081895 A CN201510081895 A CN 201510081895A CN 104698501 B CN104698501 B CN 104698501B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel advanced geological prediction, which mainly comprises a drilling directional radar antenna, an in-hole automatic walking device and a cable receiving and sending machine; the directional transmitting antenna in the rotor continuously rotates to change the transmitting direction of electromagnetic waves, reflected waves can be received by the directional receiving antenna in the rotor, and the azimuth angle of the geological abnormal body can be obtained by using a strongest reflected wave angle extraction algorithm; the automatic walking device in the hole and the cable receiving and sending machine can complete automatic delivery and recovery operation of the radar antenna and the communication cable under the control of the radar host. The method can realize the fine exploration of the geological abnormal body and the accurate positioning of the azimuth angle within a certain range around the drill hole; the detection directivity can be obviously improved, and the resolution ratio of the azimuth angle of the abnormal body is obviously improved; the detection process is full-automatic, and the detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drilling beam radar antenna, more particularly to a kind of single hole for tunnel geological forecast
Directional detection radar antenna.
Background technology
Borehole geologic radar method is a kind of wide spectrum electromagnetic technique for definitely descending dielectric distribution, by transmitting antenna and reception
During antenna is all placed on same drilling and spacing is fixed, the two way travel time, amplitude and waveform information according to receiving terminal electromagnetic wave, can
To deduce the architectural feature of underground rock soil medium.The interpretation of borehole geologic radar is the geological radar of the gained after data processing
In image profile, according to the waveform and strength characteristic of reflection wave groups, by the tracking of lineups, determine that the geology of reflection wave groups is special
Levy.
Compared with common ground tabular geological radar, borehole geologic radar tool is not limited by investigation depth and is had resolution
High advantage, thus borehole geologic radar be considered as one kind become more meticulous detection method be introduced in tunnel geological forecast neck
Domain.In Tunnel prediction, in order to obtain the practical situation of front of tunnel heading unfavorable geologic body, often implement advance drilling
Visit, but due to " a peephole view ", easily omit disaster source, become the problem that people extremely pay close attention to.For the problems referred to above, will drilling
Radar antenna is put in having drilled, and can obtain the preservation situation of unfavorable geologic body in certain limit around drilling, can be preferable
Solve the problems, such as " a peephole view ", extend the utilization rate and comprehensive benefit for having drilled.
Common borehole radar antenna is dipole antenna, and it can radiate and receive the signal from 360 ° of spaces, can be with
Determine position of the reflector on drilling depth direction and its with drilling vertical direction on distance, but be difficult determine reflector
Azimuth, this greatly reduces the practicality of single hole radar, it is difficult to meet actual requirement of engineering.In order to determine the side of reflector
Position, at least needs 3 drillings to carry out comprehensive survey and analysis, but the accuracy that azimuthal is resolved is very low, and reliability is difficult to
Ensure, and be difficult to accomplish to drill through 3 drillings in Practical Project, for comparing one borehole, 3 and more than 3 drilling consumptions
Take substantial amounts of time and Financial cost, it is difficult to be received by unit in charge of construction.Therefore drill directionally in the urgent need to inventing a kind of single hole
Matter radar, to solve " a peephole view " problem of Advance Drilling and realizing that the advanced prediction that becomes more meticulous provides new solution.
From the beginning of the eighties in last century, many mechanisms begin one's study drilling beam radar technology in the world, main at present
There are directional transmissions and directional reception two ways：(1) the 3D-BHR radar systems of T＆A-RADAR companies of Holland, are sent out using orientation
Mode is penetrated, as directional transmitting antenna has design defect, directional transmissions angle is larger, geological anomalous body azimuth positioning is differentiated
Rate is low, and antenna size, weight are excessively huge, and the application in Practical Project is extremely limited；(2) Sweden MALA companies
RAMAC radar systems, using directional reception mode, constitute receiving antenna array using the sub- reception antenna of four omnidirectionals, by right
The data of four root reception antennas collection are optimized the azimuth for obtaining anomalous body, but as aerial array spacing is less and
There is mutual coupling interference, cause that the azimuth positioning resolution of geological anomalous body is very low, actual detection effect is unsatisfactory, at present
Stop over is produced.
Generally speaking, effective single hole is not also can use to orient geology radar instruments, single hole geological radar at present both at home and abroad
It is primarily present following problem：(1) common single hole radar can only determine the distance of reflector, it is impossible to provide geological anomalous body
Azimuth, it is difficult to meet actual requirement of engineering；(2) existing single hole beam radar system complex and the positioning point to geological anomalous body
Resolution is low, and the application in Practical Project is limited；(3) existing single hole radar detection process automaticity is low, cumbersome multiple
It is miscellaneous, it is low apart from isoparametric precise control to antenna rotation angle, delivering in detection process, so as to affect actual detection to imitate
Really.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to solve the above problems, there is provided a kind of single hole for tunnel geological forecast is fixed
To detection radar antenna, directional detection is realized using spin orientation transmitting antenna and directional receiving antenna, and devises drilling
Automatic travelling device in the hole of radar antenna, with advantages below：Geological anomalous body in certain limit is capable of achieving around drilling
Finely detect and be accurately positioned with azimuthal；This detecting strategy can significantly improve the directivity of detection, the azimuth to anomalous body
Resolution significantly improve, meet the needs of Practical Project；Whole detection process is without the need for manually delivering to antenna and cable
Reclaimer operation, greatly improves detection efficient and accuracy rate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals：
A kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast, it is characterised in that：It is fixed including drilling
Automatic travelling device, cable and cable sending and receiving machine into radar antenna, hole；The drilling beam radar antenna includes a shell,
The shell parcel rotor and stator, are provided with directional transmitting antenna and directional receiving antenna, to directional transmissions in the rotor
With receive electromagnetic wave, the two ends of the rotor be connecteds with stator, and the rotor can rotate around its longitudinal axis, to realize radial direction entirely just
Position detection；The stator is provided with automatic travelling device in hole, and drilling beam radar antenna can be driven movable in drilling；
The rotor and the stator carry out signal transmission and mobile control by cable and radar host computer；The cable is by radar host computer
Controlling cable sending and receiving machine carries out automatic sending and receiving.
The rotor is slender cylinder, internal that directional transmitting antenna and directional receiving antenna are housed；The directional transmissions
Antenna includes metallic reflection plate, and the transverse section of the metallic reflection plate is parabola shaped.
The directional transmitting antenna includes two dipole antennas, and the dipole antenna is recessed the metallic reflection plate
The symmetrically placed composition two-element antenna array in side, its symmetrical centre is positioned at the focus that transverse section is parabola shaped metallic reflection plate
Place；The directional transmitting antenna can realize directional transmissions electromagnetic wave by the reflection of metallic reflection plate.
The structure of the directional receiving antenna is identical with the structure of the directional transmitting antenna, to directional reception electromagnetism
Ripple.
Electromagnetic wave absorbent material, the electro-magnetic wave absorption are filled between the metallic reflection plate and the dipole antenna
Material is provided with cable via, and the cable via is available for the cable of drilling beam radar antenna to pass through；The dipole antenna by
Fine copper is processed, and multigroup loading resistor-electric capacity is provided with the dipole antenna.
The two ends of rotor is connected with the stator by high-frequency rotating joint, and the stator is not rotatable, the stator
Including front end stator and rear end stator, the rear end stationary part is provided with servomotor module, and the servomotor module drives
Rotor is around two ends stator line central axis.
The stator is provided with movable pulley and drive module, and the movable pulley and drive module collectively form automatic row in hole
Walking apparatus；The driving wheel module includes motor and photoelectric encoder, and the motor drives movable pulley to rotate further
The automatically walk function of driving drilling beam radar antenna to realize in hole, the photoelectric encoder are rotated by recording motor
The number of turns obtain drill beam radar antenna in horizontal drilling move forward and backward distance.
The transverse section of the stator is circle, at the four split-phase position of grade of its horizontal vertical direction is respectively equipped with four movements
Wheel and the driving wheel module being attached thereto, expose the shell on the outside of the movable pulley.
Hold stator to be provided with attitude detection module in the rear, the attitude detection module by accelerometer, gyroscope and
Compass is constituted, and can be obtained acceleration when drilling beam radar antenna is moved in the borehole, angular velocity and ground magnetic obliquity respectively and be believed
Breath, and then obtain attitude information of the beam radar antenna in drilling that drill.
Sensor group is provided with the front end stator, the sensor group includes photographic head, searchlight and Distance-sensing
Device, to obtain the drilling positional information of the beam radar antenna in drilling.
The center of the stator is provided with stator cable via, is available for cable to pass through, and the rear end stator afterbody passes through cable
It is connected with radar host computer.
Coiling electric motor module, cable sending and receiving machine controller and winding roll, the cable are provided with inside the cable sending and receiving machine
It is wound on winding roll, coiling electric motor module drives winding roll to rotate, and cable sending and receiving machine controller is obtained by photoelectric encoder
Antenna displacement controls the rotating speed of winding roll.
Cable sending and receiving controller and cable stress sensor are provided with the cable sending and receiving machine, cable sending and receiving machine controller leads to
The cable stress information of antenna displacement and cable stress sensor transmissions of photoelectric encoder transmission is crossed to coiling electric motor mould
The rotating speed of block is controlled.
The cable sending and receiving machine controller receives the information of the antenna displacement of photoelectric encoder transmission, determines coiling electricity
Machine rotating speed sending and receiving cable；Additionally, cable stress feedback of the information is given cable sending and receiving machine controller, line by the cable stress sensor
Cable sending and receiving machine controller carries out negative feedback control to coiling motor speed, further adjusts the rotating speed of the coiling electric motor, makes line
Cable remains certain rate of tension.
Being provided between cable sending and receiving machine and the winding roll prevents the cable between winding roll and radar host computer from twining
Around high-frequency rotating joint.
Drilling beam radar detection mode is as follows：Radar host computer keyhole beam radar antenna first is in borehole casing
Automatically the spin orientation transmitting antenna simultaneously that advances carries out helical form traverse scanning, can obtain geology in drilling surrounding certain limit
The rough distribution situation of three-dimensional of anomalous body；Then directional transmitting antenna is kept not rotate towards the rough orientation of geological anomalous body,
Drilling beam radar antenna carries out Beijing area in borehole casing automatically, can obtain the accurate axle of geological anomalous body
To depth profile；Drilling beam radar antenna is finally made to advance to the accurate axial depth position at geological anomalous body place, rotation
Directional transmitting antenna carries out common depth scan, can obtain accurate radial distance distribution and the azimuth distribution of geological anomalous body.
In whole detection process, operator only need to be controlled by radar host computer, it is possible to complete to the beam radar antenna that drills
Automatic delivering and automatically detection, greatly improve the automaticity of a whole set of radar system.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The directional transmitting antenna includes two dipole antennas and metallic reflection plate for constituting two-element antenna array, described
The transverse section of metallic reflection plate is parabolic type, and the synthesis electromagnetism field pattern that two-element antenna array is produced is in radial direction near
Like ellipse, the signal produced in the symmetrical center positions of two dipole antennas is most strong, and the signal in both sides successively decreases.Electromagnetic wave
Absorbing material can partially absorb the electromagnetic wave of two dipole antenna backward launcheds, the metallic reflection of transverse section parabolically type
Plate can be secondary so as to carry out to retroreflection electromagnetic wave with the unabsorbed backward electromagnetic wave of reflected frontward, electromagnetic wave absorbent material
Absorb, therefore directional transmitting antenna can launch forward the directional electromagnetic beam with certain angle, and meet in directional diagram
Than more than 3 before and after signal:1 relation.
The transverse section of metallic reflection plate is cleverly designed as parabola shaped, is effectively solved in the narrow and small drilling in region
The middle technical barrier for realizing radar antenna directional transmissions, overcomes and requires on conventional art that the technology that reflecting plate is paraboloidal is inclined
See.
For directional receiving antenna, parabola shaped metallic reflection plate can focus on parabola to incident electromagnetic wave by front
Focal position at, and can be so that after masked segment, to incident electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorbent material further can absorb to enter backward
Radio magnetic wave, it is most strong therefore in the electromagnetic wave signal received to center before two-element antenna array and successively decrease to both sides,
And backward incident electromagnetic wave can be shielded, the directivity of the geological anomalous body echo for receiving, Jin Erti can be further enhanced
The azimuthal positioning precision of high geological anomalous body.
Servomotor module drive rotor drives directional transmitting antenna ceaselessly to rotate to change sending out for directional electromagnetic beam
Direction is penetrated, directional electromagnetic beam occurs reflection after running into geological anomalous body, positioned at the echo of the directional transmitting antenna direction of the launch
May be oriented reception antenna to receive.After rotor rotation is turned around, received using the process of most strong reflection wave angle degree extraction algorithm
Electromagnetic wave signal, you can the azimuth of geological anomalous body in the range of obtaining 360 degree, realizes azimuthal to geological anomalous body fine
Detection.
The dipole antenna is processed by the little fine copper of resistance, improves antenna electrical performance, the dipole antenna
In be provided with multigroup loading resistor-electric capacity, the bandwidth of operation of dipole antenna can be improved.
Hold stator to be provided with attitude detection module in the rear, the attitude detection module by accelerometer, gyroscope and
Compass is constituted, and can be obtained acceleration when drilling beam radar antenna is moved in the borehole, angular velocity and ground magnetic obliquity respectively and be believed
Breath, and then attitude information of the beam radar antenna in drilling that drill is obtained, the refined orientation to obtain geological anomalous body is provided
Basis.
Sensor group is provided with the front end stator, the sensor group includes photographic head, searchlight and Distance-sensing
Device, can obtain the real time imaging situation in drilling using photographic head and searchlight, and be transmitted back to radar host computer and realize showing, institute
State range sensor and can obtain the drilling positional information of the beam radar antenna in drilling, instruct the detection of radar to grasp
Make.
The two ends of rotor is connected with stator by high-frequency rotating joint, when can prevent rotor from rotating, cause rotor with
Cable between stator occurs winding to be damaged.
The automatic travelling device is respectively equipped with four independent drivings at the four split-phase position of grade of its horizontal vertical direction
Movable pulley, can make four movable pulleys along borehole casing drive walk, it is ensured that drilling beam radar antenna automatically walk it is steady
Qualitative and safety, and can guarantee that drilling beam radar antenna in the interior smooth walking of drilling.
Coiling electric motor module, cable sending and receiving machine controller and winding roll are provided with inside cable sending and receiving machine, the cable is wound on
On winding roll, coiling electric motor module drives winding roll to rotate, the antenna that cable sending and receiving machine controller is obtained by photoelectric encoder
Displacement controls the rotating speed of winding roll, makes the speed of the speed of service of automatic travelling device and cable sending and receiving in hole match,
The automatic delivering to cable and reclaimer operation can be realized.
The cable sending and receiving machine controller receives the information of the antenna displacement of photoelectric encoder transmission, determines coiling electricity
Machine rotating speed sending and receiving cable；Additionally, cable stress feedback of the information is given cable sending and receiving machine controller, line by the cable stress sensor
Cable sending and receiving machine controller carries out negative feedback control to coiling motor speed, further adjusts the rotating speed of the coiling electric motor, makes line
Cable remains certain rate of tension, can effectively tackle displacement measurement error and the coiling of drilling beam radar antenna
The disturbance brought by the speed error of motor module, it is ensured that automatic travelling device can be with smooth safe walking in hole, it is to avoid
The cable pine excessively that produces because of disturbance and caused coiling problem, and cable tension and there is the probability of cable damage.
Keep drilling beam radar antenna towards constant, the walking before and after drilling is interior of drilling beam radar antenna is carried out altogether
Angle sweep, can obtain the axial depth distribution situation of geological anomalous body；Keep drilling depth of the beam radar antenna in drilling
Degree position is constant, and rotating rotor makes drilling beam radar antenna carry out common depth scan along longitudinal axis rotation, can obtain geology different
The radial distribution situation of normal body；Mobile and rotational orientation radar antenna can obtain the distributed in three dimensions feelings of geological anomalous body simultaneously
Condition.In whole detection process, without the need for the automatic delivering to connection drilling beam radar antenna cables manually, can be completed
With detection automatically, the automaticity of a whole set of radar system is greatly improved.
Directional detection is carried out by the rotation of directional transmitting antenna in rotor and directional receiving antenna, is capable of achieving around drilling
In certain limit, finely detecting for geological condition is accurately positioned with azimuthal, can significantly improve the directivity of detection, with tradition
Orientation geological radar compare, its azimuthal resolution to anomalous body can be significantly improved, and meet the needs of Practical Project.
Directional transmitting antenna produces synthesis electromagnetic field by the dyadic array that two dipole antennas are constituted, and adopts electromagnetic wave
Absorbing material absorbs backward electromagnetic wave, and the backward electromagnetic wave of parabola metallic reflection plate reflected frontward is capable of achieving with relative narrow-angle
Launch forward directional electromagnetic beam, and with comparing before and after larger signal.
Automatic travelling device in hole is installed in drilling beam radar antenna ends, and coordinates cable sending and receiving machine to use, behaviour
Make personnel to be only controlled by radar host computer, you can realize the automatic delivering to drill beam radar antenna and the communications cable
And reclaimer operation, and the accurate movement range information of drilling beam radar antenna can be obtained simultaneously.Whole detection process without
Need to manually be intervened, greatly simplify detection flow process and improve detection accuracy rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is drilling beam radar Antenna Operation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is drilling beam radar antenna axial direction profile；
Fig. 3 is directional transmitting antenna axial side view；
Fig. 4 is directional transmitting antenna radial cutaway view；
Fig. 5 is drilling beam radar antenna detection principle figure；
Fig. 6 is automatic travelling device cut-away view in hole；
Fig. 7 is drilling beam radar cable sending and receiving machine schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is drilling beam radar cable sending and receiving machine control system block diagram；
Fig. 9 is the automatic detection mode schematic diagram of drilling beam radar.
In figure：1. dipole antenna, 2. electromagnetic wave absorbent material, 3. cable via, 4. metallic reflection plate, 5. loads electricity
Resistance-electric capacity, 6. movable pulley, 7. attitude detection module, 8. servomotor module, 9. directional transmitting antenna, 10. directional reception day
Line, 11. stators, 12. high-frequency rotating joints, 13. rotors, 14. shells, 15. cables, 16. sensor groups, 17. movement wheel drives
Module, 18. drilling beam radar antennas, 19. borehole casings, 20. tunnel tunnel faces, 21. lifting cable support wheels, 22. lines
Cable sending and receiving machine, 23. radar host computers, 24. motor modules, 25. photoelectric encoders, 26. liftable supports, 27. wire spools,
28. coiling electric motor modules, automatic travelling device in 29. holes, 30. directional diagrams, 31. geological anomalous bodies, 32. driving belts, 33. lines
Cable force sensor, 34. cable sending and receiving machine controllers, 35. antenna displacements, 36. cable stress information, 37. disturbances, 38.
Negative feedback, 39. coiling electric motor rotating speeds.
Specific embodiment
Below by instantiation and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further elaborated, it is noted that is taken off below
Dew is only a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the interest field of the present invention can not be limited certainly with this, is not being taken off
On the premise of the principle of the invention, those skilled in the art can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Drilling beam radar Antenna Operation situation is as shown in figure 1, perform horizontal drilling and install on tunnel tunnel face 20
Borehole casing 19,18 or so two ends of drilling beam radar antenna, can be in borehole casings 19 equipped with automatic travelling device 29 in hole
Cable 15 is supported to appropriate height by middle horizontal autonomous, lifting cable support wheel 21, and cable sending and receiving machine 22 can be automatic
Delivering and recovery cable 15, radar host computer 23 can be controlled and be checked to whole detection process.In whole detection process,
Delivering and the reclaimer operation to drill beam radar antenna 18 and cable 15 can be automatically performed, without the need for manual intervention.
Drilling beam radar antenna structure is as shown in Fig. 2 drilling beam radar antenna 18 is main by shell 14,11 and of stator
13 3 part of rotor composition, 14 internal package stator 11 of shell and rotor 13.Stator 11 is by positioned at drilling beam radar antenna 18
Two stationary part compositions of left and right, the stationary part of left and right two are respectively arranged with automatic travelling device 29 in hole, automatically walk in hole
Movable pulley 6, movable pulley drive module 17 are provided with device 29.In left side, stationary part is additionally provided with sensor group 16, fixed on right side
Subdivision is additionally provided with attitude detection module 7 and servomotor module 8, and right side stationary part afterbody passes through cable 15 and radar host computer
23 carry out signal transmission and mobile control.
Directional transmitting antenna 9 and directional receiving antenna 10 are provided with rotor 13.Between two stators 11 of rotor 13 and left and right
It is respectively provided with high-frequency rotating joint 12.Attitude detection module 7 is mainly made up of accelerometer, gyroscope and compass etc., attitude inspection
Survey module 7 to can be used to obtain azimuth information of the drilling beam radar antenna 18 in borehole casing 19.Sensor group 16 is main
Including photographic head, searchlight and range sensor etc., for obtaining the information of bore inner, operator are instructed to drilling orientation
Radar antenna 18 is controlled.8 rotor driven 13 of servomotor module in 14 internal rotating of shell, while rotor can also be obtained
The angle of rotation.High-frequency rotating joint 12 can prevent from causing the cable between rotor 13 and stator 11 when rotated in rotor 13
Generation winding is damaged.
Directional transmitting antenna and directional receiving antenna adopt identical antenna structure, and directional transmitting antenna can necessarily angle
Degree is forwardly directed transmitting electromagnetic wave, and directional receiving antenna is different to the incident electromagnetic wave receiving intensity of different directions.
Directional transmitting antenna structure as shown in Figure 3,4, mainly by two dipole antennas 1, electromagnetic wave absorbent material 2 and gold
4 three part of category reflecting plate composition.Two dipole antennas 1 are processed by fine copper, symmetrically placed composition two-element antenna array；
Metallic reflection plate 4 is parabolic shape, and the symmetrical centre of two dipole antennas 1 is located at the focus of parabolic shape metallic reflection plate 4
Position O；Electromagnetic wave absorbent material 2 is filled between metallic reflection plate 4 and dipole antenna 1,2 center of electromagnetic wave absorbent material sets
There is cable via 3, the cable drilled in beam radar antenna 18 can pass through from cable via 3.It is provided with dipole antenna 1
Multigroup loading resistor-electric capacity 5, for improving the bandwidth of operation of dipole antenna 1.
As shown in figure 4, for directional transmitting antenna 9, two-element antenna array can produce M signal most in radial direction
By force, the electromagnetic wave formate field intensity for successively decreasing to both sides, its direction Figure 30 approximate ellipsoidals.Electromagnetic wave absorbent material 2 partly can be inhaled
Receive two 1 backward launcheds of dipole antenna electromagnetic wave, parabolic shape metallic reflection plate 4 can with reflected frontward it is unabsorbed after
To electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorbent material 2 so that carry out double absorption to retroreflection electromagnetic wave, therefore directional transmitting antenna 9 can
To launch forward the directional electromagnetic beam with certain angle θ, and compare A before and after Figure 30 fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen foot signals of direction:B>3:1 pass
System.
For directional receiving antenna 10, parabolic shape metallic reflection plate 4 can focus on focus to incident electromagnetic wave by front
At the O of position, and can be so that after masked segment, to incident electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorbent material 2 can further absorb and enter backward radio
Magnetic wave, it is most strong therefore in the electromagnetic wave signal received to center before two-element antenna array and successively decrease to both sides, and can
To shield backward incident electromagnetic wave, the directivity of 31 echo of geological anomalous body for receiving can be further enhanced, and then is improved
31 azimuthal positioning precision of geological anomalous body.
Drilling beam radar antenna detection principle as shown in figure 5, rotor 13 drive directional transmitting antenna 9 ceaselessly rotate with
Change the direction of the launch of directional electromagnetic beam, directional electromagnetic beam occurs reflection after running into geological anomalous body 31, positioned at orientation day
The echo of 9 direction of the launch of line may be oriented reception antenna 10 and receive.After rotor rotation is turned around, most strong reflection wave angle is used
Degree extraction algorithm processes the electromagnetic wave signal for receiving, you can the azimuth of geological anomalous body 31 in the range of obtaining 360 degree, it is right to realize
The azimuthal fine detection of geological anomalous body 31.
Automatic travelling device internal structure in hole is as shown in fig. 6, be equidistantly provided with four groups in automatic travelling device 29 in hole
Movable pulley module, every group of movable pulley module mainly include movable pulley 6, driving belt 32, motor module 24, photoelectric encoder
25.Motor module 24 drives movable pulley 6 to rotate so as to realize automatically walk by driving belt 32, and photoelectric encoder 25 can
By recording the number of turns that motor is rotated, to move before and after obtaining drilling beam radar antenna 18 in horizontal drilling sleeve pipe 19
Dynamic distance.
Operator pass through radar host computer 23, you can to drilling, beam radar antenna 18 is remotely controlled, and make drilling orient thunder
Can move freely in horizontal drilling sleeve pipe 19 up to antenna 18 and while obtain movable distance and gyrobearing angle information.
Whole detection process is more accurate without the need for the antenna displacement and azimuth information for manually carrying out antenna delivering and acquisition, significantly
Improve detection efficient and accuracy rate.
Drilling beam radar cable sending and receiving machine structure is as shown in fig. 7, be provided with spiral inside borehole radar cable sending and receiving machine 22
Disk 27, cable 15 are wound on winding roll 27, and coiling electric motor module 28 drives winding roll 27 to rotate, in hole in automatic travelling device 29
Photoelectric encoder 25 can obtain antenna displacement 35, the line cable stress sensor 33 in cable sending and receiving machine 22 can be obtained
The cable stress information 36 for arriving, cable sending and receiving machine controller 34 pass through antenna displacement 35 and cable stress information 36 to coiling
The rotating speed of motor module 28 is controlled, and realizes automatic delivering and reclaimer operation to cable 15.Liftable support 26 can be adjusted
The height of section borehole radar cable sending and receiving machine 22, is provided with high frequency between borehole radar cable sending and receiving machine 22 and internal winding roll 27
Swivel joint 12, high-frequency rotating joint 12 can prevent the generation winding of cable 15 between winding roll 27 and radar host computer 23 from causing
Damage.
Borehole radar cable sending and receiving machine control system block diagram is as shown in figure 8, cable sending and receiving machine controller 34 is controlled in theory
Winding roll 27 delivers or reclaims the length of cable 15 and is equal to antenna displacement 35, but actually due to there is drilling orientation
The disturbance such as speed error of displacement measurement error and coiling electric motor module 28 of radar antenna 18 37, causes the two not complete
It is complete equal, therefore be accomplished by cable stress sensor 33 cable stress information 36 is fed back to into cable sending and receiving machine controller 34, line
Cable sending and receiving machine controller 34 carries out negative feedback 38 to coiling motor speed 39 and controls, and makes cable 15 remain certain tensioning
Degree, so that it is guaranteed that 15 favorable presentation of cable and recovery.The automatic detection mode of drilling beam radar is as shown in figure 9, radar master first
23 keyhole beam radar antenna 18 of machine advances automatically while spin orientation transmitting antenna 9 carries out spiral in borehole casing 19
Shape traverse scanning, can obtain the rough distribution situation of three-dimensional of geological anomalous body 31 in certain limit around drilling；Then keep
Directional transmitting antenna 9 is not rotated towards the rough orientation of geological anomalous body 31, and drilling beam radar antenna 18 is in borehole casing 19
In carry out Beijing area automatically, the accurate axial depth distribution of geological anomalous body 31 can be obtained；Finally make drilling fixed
The accurate axial depth position at the place of geological anomalous body 31 is advanced to radar antenna 18, spin orientation transmitting antenna 9 is carried out altogether
Depth scan, can obtain accurate radial distance distribution and the azimuth distribution of geological anomalous body 31.In whole detection process, behaviour
Making personnel only needs to be controlled by radar host computer 23, it is possible to complete the automatic delivering to the beam radar antenna 18 that drills and from
Dynamic detection, greatly improves the automaticity of a whole set of radar system.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast, it is characterised in that：Including drilling orientation
Automatic travelling device, cable and cable sending and receiving machine in radar antenna, hole；The drilling beam radar antenna includes a shell, institute
State shell parcel rotor and stator, in the rotor, be provided with directional transmitting antenna and directional receiving antenna, to directional transmissions and
Electromagnetic wave is received, the two ends of the rotor are connected with stator, and the rotor can be rotated around its longitudinal axis, it is radially comprehensive to realize
Detection；The stator is provided with automatic travelling device in hole, and drilling beam radar antenna can be driven movable in drilling；Institute
Stating rotor and the stator carries out signal transmission and mobile control by cable and radar host computer；The cable is by radar host computer control
Cable sending and receiving machine processed carries out automatic sending and receiving；The rotor is slender cylinder, internal that directional transmitting antenna and directional reception are housed
Antenna；The directional transmitting antenna includes metallic reflection plate, and the transverse section of the metallic reflection plate is parabola shaped.
2. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 1, which is special
Levy and be：The directional transmitting antenna includes two dipole antennas, and the dipole antenna is recessed the metallic reflection plate
The symmetrically placed composition two-element antenna array in side, its symmetrical centre is positioned at the focus that transverse section is parabola shaped metallic reflection plate
Place；The directional transmitting antenna can realize directive sending electromagnetic wave by the reflection of metallic reflection plate.
3. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 2, which is special
Levy and be：The structure of the directional receiving antenna is identical with the structure of the directional transmitting antenna, to directional reception electromagnetic wave.
4. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 2, which is special
Levy and be：Electromagnetic wave absorbent material, the electro-magnetic wave absorption are filled between the metallic reflection plate and the dipole antenna
Material is provided with cable via, and the cable via is available for the cable of drilling beam radar antenna to pass through；The dipole antenna by
Fine copper is processed, and multigroup loading resistor-electric capacity is provided with the dipole antenna.
5. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 1, which is special
Levy and be：The two ends of rotor is connected with the stator by high-frequency rotating joint, and the stator is not rotatable, the stator bag
Front end stator and rear end stator are included, the rear end stationary part is provided with servomotor module, and the servomotor module drives and turns
Son is rotated for axle around two ends stator line.
6. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 5, which is special
Levy and be：The stator is provided with movable pulley and drive module, and the movable pulley and drive module collectively form automatic row in hole
Walking apparatus；The drive module includes motor and photoelectric encoder, and the motor drives movable pulley to rotate and then band
Dynamic drilling beam radar antenna realizes the automatically walk function in hole, and the photoelectric encoder is by recording what motor was rotated
The number of turns obtains the movable distance in horizontal drilling of beam radar antenna that drills.
7. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 6, which is special
Levy and be：The transverse section of the stator is circle, is respectively equipped with described in four at the four split-phase position of grade of its horizontal vertical direction
Movable pulley and the drive module being attached thereto, expose the shell on the outside of the movable pulley.
8. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 5,6 or 7,
It is characterized in that：Stator is held to be provided with attitude detection module in the rear, the attitude detection module is by accelerometer, gyroscope
Constitute with compass, acceleration of drilling beam radar antenna when moving in the borehole, angular velocity and ground magnetic obliquity can be obtained respectively
Information, and then obtain attitude information of the beam radar antenna in drilling that drill.
9. a kind of single hole directional detection radar antenna for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 5,6 or 7,
It is characterized in that：Sensor group is provided with the front end stator, the sensor group includes that photographic head, searchlight and distance are passed
Sensor, to obtain the drilling positional information of the beam radar antenna in drilling.
10. a kind of single hole directional detection radar day for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 5,6 or 7
Line, it is characterised in that：The center of the stator is provided with stator cable via, is available for cable to pass through, and the rear end stator afterbody leads to
Cross cable to be connected with radar host computer.
A kind of 11. single hole directional detection radar antennas for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 1, which is special
Levy and be：Be provided with coiling electric motor module, cable sending and receiving machine controller and winding roll inside the cable sending and receiving machine, the cable around
On winding roll, coiling electric motor module drives winding roll to rotate, the day that cable sending and receiving machine controller is obtained by photoelectric encoder
Line displacement controls the rotating speed of winding roll.
A kind of 12. single hole directional detection radar antennas for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 11, its
It is characterised by：Cable sending and receiving machine controller and cable stress sensor, the control of cable sending and receiving machine are provided with the cable sending and receiving machine
The antenna displacement and the cable stress information of cable stress sensor transmissions that device is transmitted by photoelectric encoder is electric to coiling
The rotating speed of machine module is controlled.
A kind of 13. single hole directional detection radar antennas for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 12, its
It is characterised by：The cable sending and receiving machine controller receives the information of the antenna displacement of photoelectric encoder transmission, determines coiling
Motor speed sending and receiving cable；Additionally, cable stress feedback of the information is given cable sending and receiving machine controller by the cable stress sensor,
Cable sending and receiving machine controller carries out negative feedback control to coiling motor speed, further adjusts the rotating speed of the coiling electric motor, makes
Cable remains certain rate of tension.
A kind of 14. single hole directional detection radar antennas for tunnel geological forecast according to claim 11, its
It is characterised by：Being provided between cable sending and receiving machine and the winding roll prevents the cable between winding roll and radar host computer from twining
Around high-frequency rotating joint.
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| WO2020210422A1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Downhole tool with a compact antenna test range |
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