CN1046983C

CN1046983C - Sand discharge funnel

Info

Publication number: CN1046983C
Application number: CN 96114757
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周著; 侯杰; 王长新; 朱慧珍
Original assignee: WATER CONSERVANCY HYDROPOWER DESIGN INST XINJIANG AGRICULTURAL UNIV
Current assignee: WATER CONSERVANCY HYDROPOWER DESIGN INST XINJIANG AGRICULTURAL UNIV
Priority date: 1996-11-23
Filing date: 1996-11-23
Publication date: 1999-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2016-11-23
Also published as: CN1157358A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sand discharge funnel with big treatment capacity of river with silt, low cost, convenient management and low water consumption, which comprises a water inflow culvert, a funnel chamber, an overflow weir, a water return channel and a bottom sand discharging hole, wherein the overflow weir is characterized by partial periphery overflow. The present invention has the characteristics that the treatment flow-rate range of the funnel is not limited; all levels of silt of which the grain diameter is greater than 0.05 millimeter can be treated; the sand discharging rate is from 90% to 100%; the sand discharging water consumption occupies less than 5% of the total water diversion quantity; the construction cost is low. If 10m3 water containing the sand is treated in one second, the sand discharging water can be saved by 20000000 to 30000000 cubic meters every year. Thereby, farmland of 25000 to 35000 mous can be irrigated, which is equivalent to the efficiency of building a medium reservoir.

Description

Sand discharge funnel

The present invention relates to be used for getting rid of the facility of river silt, is a kind of sand discharge funnel.

At present, for utilizing the high concentration of sediment river to irrigate or diversion and power, irrigation or the used channel of diversion and power are endangered by silt all seriously.Railway carriage or compartment type sand trap in the past can be got rid of the suspended sediment of about 30% in the river silt, surpasses 30% of total water diversion but arrange husky water consumption, and cost height, complex management.Former Soviet Union salad Ke Huofu has proposed the funnel chamber and has arranged husky facility, this structure of arranging husky facility is shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3, constitute by inlet culvert 2, funnel chamber 11, overflow weir 5, backwater road 5, bottom hole for sand flushing 7, its overflow weir 5 is full peripheral overflow, after the river that has silt enters funnel chamber 11 from inlet culvert 2 along the edge, under the effect of funnel chamber 11 limit walls, form spiral flow, silt in the river is concentrated to funnel chamber 11 central authorities, and from bottom hole for sand flushing 7 discharges, and clear water is along the 5 interior outflows to the backwater road of the full peripheral overflow in 11 tops, funnel chamber; Although its row is husky and water-saving result is all relatively good, but, when flow big, when promptly requiring the volute chamber also big, cause silt to be ring-type alluvial around bottom hole for sand flushing 7, therefore, its single chamber is handled flow can not surpass 3 cubes of meter per seconds, must build the funnel group when handling big flow, it involves great expense, manages inconvenience, water consumption is big.

The inventor thinks that it can not handle the reason greater than 3 cubic metres/second flow amount after carrying out a large amount of model testings and analysis and research, at first be that full peripheral overflow causes.When handling the band silt river of big flow, require the funnel chamber also to want corresponding increase, but, when river excessive once entering funnel chamber 11, the energy that current had can not form stronger spiral flow in funnel chamber 11, what promptly 11 limit walls produced along the funnel chamber forces the whirlpool little to the center influence basin, the periphery that is funnel chamber 11 forces the whirlpool not to be coupled by the gravity whirlpool that action of gravity produces with the center bottom hole for sand flushing, force and form the low flow velocity band of ring-type between whirlpool and the gravity whirlpool, silt so far is ring-type alluvial, thereby causes handling the band silt river greater than 3 cubic metres/second flow amount.

After having proceeded a large amount of model testings, purpose of the present invention has been proposed: promptly overcome the deficiency of prior art and design a kind ofly handle that band silt rate of stream flow is big, cost is low, convenient management, sand discharge funnel that water consumption is little.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following measure: this sand discharge funnel comprises inlet culvert, funnel chamber, overflow weir, backwater road, bottom hole for sand flushing, and overflow weir is the part peripheral overflow; Overflow weir is that 90 degree are to 180 degree central angles; The limit wall of funnel chamber is provided with transfers the stream pier; Transfer the stream pier to be upright pier shape, transfer the stream pier to be preferably that straight line and circular arc combine; On the wall of funnel chamber, be provided with and transfer the stream hanging deck, transfer 90 degree that the stream hanging deck is preferably horizontal positioned to the fan shape of 180 degree central angles; Inlet culvert is connected on the water-drawing channel; Discharge conduit is connected on the backwater road; Flush gallery is connected on the bottom hole for sand flushing.

Accompanying drawing 1 has proposed the vertical view that husky facility is arranged in the funnel chamber for former Soviet Union salad Ke Huofu, accompanying drawing 2 be the I ｀-I ｀ of accompanying drawing 1 to sectional view, accompanying drawing 3 is that the II ｀-II ｀ of accompanying drawing 1 is to sectional view;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the vertical view of most preferred embodiment of the present invention, accompanying drawing 5 be the I-I of accompanying drawing 4 to sectional view, accompanying drawing 6 is that the II-II of accompanying drawing 4 is to sectional view;

Coding in the accompanying drawing is respectively: 1 is channel of approach, and 2 is inlet culvert, and 3 for transferring the stream hanging deck, and 4 for transferring the stream pier, and 5 is overflow weir, and 6 is the backwater road, and 7 is bottom hole for sand flushing, and 8 is flush gallery, and 9 is escape canal, and 10 for connecing the river course, and 11 is the funnel chamber.

Below in conjunction with most preferred embodiment the present invention is further described:

Shown in accompanying drawing 4,5 and 6, this most preferred embodiment comprises inlet culvert 2, funnel chamber 11, overflow weir 5, backwater road 6, bottom hole for sand flushing 7, and overflow weir 5 is the part peripheral overflow, through model testing, not only can handle band silt river, but also can handle band silt river greater than 3 cubic metres/second flow amount less than 3 cubic metres/second flow amount.

When model testing, the spiral flow instability that produces in the funnel chamber 11, in funnel chamber 11, produce silting phenomenon easily, the husky effect instability of the row of causing, in order to stablize spiral flow, and the husky effect of increase row, shown in accompanying drawing 4,5 and 6, on the wall of funnel chamber 11, be provided with and transfer stream pier 4, and preferably will transfer stream pier 4 to be located on the not far funnel chamber 11 limit walls of funnel chamber 11 water inlets, transfer stream pier 4 preferably to be upright pier shape, its pier shape is preferably that straight line and circular arc combine; In order further stablize spiral flow and to increase the husky effect of row, shown in accompanying drawing 4,5 and 6, on the wall of funnel chamber 11, be provided with and transfer stream hanging deck 3, and to transfer stream hanging deck 3 be that 90 of horizontal positioned is spent to 180 and spent the fan shape of central angles; After establishing accent stream pier 4 and transferring stream hanging deck 3, when model testing, spiral flow in the funnel chamber 11 is very strong, to can 100% greater than 1 millimeter coarse granule bed load sediment getting rid of, can get rid of more than 90% to fine grained suspended sediment greater than 0.05 millimeter, arrange husky water consumption and be no more than 5% of total water diversion, the husky effect of row wherein occupies leading in the world with two the key technical indexes of processing traffic ability.

The present invention both can build up portable, also can build up non-moving type; Portable sand discharge funnel preferably adopts steel work; The sand discharge funnel each several part optimum structure of non-moving type is as follows:

One, inlet culvert: rectangular cross section, reinforced concrete structure; Inlet culvert 2 is connected on the channel of approach 1, contain the silt river at upper river under the adjusting of channel of approach 1 check gate and intake gate, at first enter inlet culvert 2, be formed with baric flow.

Two, funnel chamber: infundibulate, steel concrete, concrete or grout the cobble structure, mainly by the base plate of the gradient radially, circular arc dash abutment wall and circular arc overflow abutment wall are formed; Contain the silt river and enter funnel chamber 11 by inlet culvert 2, under the solid boundaries comprehensive function of funnel chamber 11 circular abutment walls, accent stream pier 4 and accent stream hanging deck 3, be similar to the curvilinear motion of circumference, air funnel is produced at the center, form typical three-dimensional current, silt in motion sedimentation gradually, and to bottom hole for sand flushing motion, the clear water overflow weir 5 that then overflow.

Three, transfer stream hanging deck and transfer the stream pier: transferring stream hanging deck 3 is that 90 degree are fan-shaped to 180 degree for central angle, and horizontal positioned transfers stream pier 4 for straight line and garden arc combine, vertically placement.Be reinforced concrete structure or steel work.

Four, overflow weir: central angle be 90 degree to 180 degree pairing garden segmental arc funnel abutment walls, be concrete or stone masonry structure; Contain the silt river after making the husky separation of water under the effect of three-dimensional current, clear water overflows into return flume 6 after escape canal 9 is sent former water-drawing channel back to by garden arc overflow weir 5, finishes the effect of drawing clear water.

Five, bottom hole for sand flushing: the aperture is the multistage adjustable steel work of ring-type; Contain the silt river after making the husky separation of water under the effect of three-dimensional current, silt enters bottom hole for sand flushing 7 with the husky water of a small amount of row.

Six, flush gallery: channel section is steel concrete or concrete structure or steel work, and circular cross section is steel concrete or steel work; The silt that is entered flush gallery 8 by bottom hole for sand flushing 7 is delivered to downstream river course 10 with Pai Shashui, the effect that the row of finishing is husky.

The present invention has following characteristics:

One, the funnel chamber is handled range of flow and is not limit (only being subjected to the size restriction of funnel chamber);

Two, handle the sediment grain size scope: greater than 0.05 millimeter silts at different levels;

Three, arrange husky rate: (90～100) %;

Four, arrange below 5% of the total water diversion of husky quantity of water consumption.

The husky facility of row that possesses above-mentioned four technical indicators does not all have at present both at home and abroad, and its construction costs is half of shaped form sand trap, is 1/4th of railway carriage or compartment type sand trap, and the husky water yield of the row of its saving can reach (20～30) % of total water diversion.Handle 10 cubes of meter per seconds and contain Sha Shui, annual just can husky water 2000 ten thousand steres of the row of saving～3000 ten thousand steres, can increase 2.5～3.5 ten thousand mu of ground of filling, the benefit that is equivalent to build a medium-sized reservoir.

Claims

1. sand discharge funnel of getting rid of silt in the river, comprise inlet culvert, funnel chamber, overflow weir, backwater road, bottom hole for sand flushing, it is characterized in that overflow weir is the part peripheral overflow, overflow weir is that 90 degree are to 180 degree central angles, the limit wall of funnel chamber is provided with transfers the stream pier, and transfers the stream pier to be upright pier shape.

2. sand discharge funnel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that transferring the stream pier is that straight line and circular arc combine.

3. sand discharge funnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wall of funnel chamber is provided with accent stream hanging deck.

4. sand discharge funnel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that transferring the stream hanging deck is that 90 degree of horizontal positioned are to the fan shape of 180 degree central angles.

5. sand discharge funnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that inlet culvert is connected on the water-drawing channel.

6. sand discharge funnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that discharge conduit is connected on the backwater road.

7. sand discharge funnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that flush gallery is connected on the bottom hole for sand flushing.