CN104697860A - Battery extrusion test device - Google Patents
Battery extrusion test device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104697860A CN104697860A CN201310653361.1A CN201310653361A CN104697860A CN 104697860 A CN104697860 A CN 104697860A CN 201310653361 A CN201310653361 A CN 201310653361A CN 104697860 A CN104697860 A CN 104697860A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- block
- protective housing
- plate
- root posts
- test device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery extrusion test device, which comprises a protection box, a press machine, a stopper and a fixed block; the protection box is an enclosing casing; the press machine, the stopper and the fixed block are arranged in the protection box; the press machine is used for extruding a battery to be detected, the press machine comprises four columns, a first crossbeam plate, a second crossbeam plate and an extruding block; four columns are respectively arranged at four corners of the protection box along the direction from top to bottom of the protection box, four columns pass through the first crossbeam plate; the first crossbeam plate is connected to four columns in a sliding mode, the first crossbeam plate slides along the length direction of four columns; the stopper is fixed on the first crossbeam plate, the fixed block is connected to the stopper in the sliding mode, sliding direction of the fixed block is vertical to the length direction of the four columns; the second crossbeam plate and the first crossbeam plate are oppositely arranged, the extruding block is fixed on the second crossbeam plate, and the battery to be detected is arranged between the extruding block and the fixed block. The battery extrusion test device has simple and reliable structure, and is capable of ensuring the personal safety of test staff and increasing the test efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lighting field, particularly relate to a kind of battery extrusion test device.
Background technology
Battery, as a kind of device of energy storage, uses more and more frequent, almost becomes indispensable article in life, certainly require also higher to the security performance of battery in people's daily life.Battery extrusion testing is also one of important examination item of battery safety index.Battery extrusion testing method common is at present: adopt lifting jack, fix an iron plate above lifting jack, and battery is positioned on lifting jack and battery is between lifting jack and iron plate.Then manual lifting jack is shaken be raised to the highlyest extrude battery.Apply the pressure extrusion battery of 13KN between iron plate and lifting jack, if blast, leakage or Ignition Phenomena do not appear in battery, then this battery meets industry standard, and security is higher.
But when carrying out this kind of battery extrusion testing method, tester needs closely service test device.Tester without any safety prevention measure, and battery explosion, leakage or when catching fire, will the personal safety of tester be had a strong impact on, be unfavorable for promoting the use of of this kind of battery extrusion testing method.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of battery extrusion test device, can the personal safety of relay testing personnel, improves testing efficiency.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of battery extrusion test device, comprise protective housing, pressing machine, limited block and fixed block; Described protective housing is a closed box; Described pressing machine, described limited block and described fixed block are all located in described protective housing; Described pressing machine is for extruding mesuring battary, and described pressing machine comprises four root posts, first crossbeam plate, second cross beam plate and crushing block; Described four root posts, along the direction from the top-to-bottom of described protective housing, be located at the corner of described protective housing respectively, and described four root posts all run through described first crossbeam plate; Described first crossbeam plate and described four root posts are slidably connected, and described first crossbeam plate slides along the length direction of described four root posts; Described limited block is fixed on described first crossbeam plate, and described fixed block and described limited block are slidably connected, and the glide direction of described fixed block is vertical with the length direction of described four root posts; Described second cross beam plate and described first crossbeam plate are oppositely arranged, and described crushing block is fixed on described second cross beam plate, described mesuring battary is located between described crushing block and described fixed block, described crushing block is used for contacting and extruding mesuring battary, and described fixed block is used for fixing described mesuring battary.
Wherein, described pressing machine also comprises hydraulic jack, hydraulic pressure thimble, second cross beam plate and pressure transducer; Described first crossbeam plate is all parallel with the top of described protective housing with described second cross beam plate, and described first crossbeam plate is near the bottom of described protective housing, and described second cross beam plate is near the top of described protective housing; Described first crossbeam plate is all run through at the middle part of described four root posts, and the first end face of described four root posts is all fixed on described second cross beam plate, and the second end face of described four root posts is all fixed on the bottom of described protective housing; Described hydraulic jack is between described second cross beam plate and the top of described protective housing, and described hydraulic jack is fixed on described second cross beam plate; Described hydraulic pressure thimble, described pressure transducer and described crushing block are all located between described first crossbeam plate and described second cross beam plate, the length direction of described hydraulic pressure thimble along described four root posts under described hydraulic jack drives slides, in a tubular form and inner thread is connected to described hydraulic pressure thimble, and described pressure transducer screw is fixedly connected with described crushing block to described pressure transducer.
Wherein, described pressing machine also comprises display module and control module; Described pressure transducer is electrically connected to described display module, and described display module is for showing the force value of described pressure transducer; Described control module is electrically connected to described hydraulic jack, and described control module is for controlling the pressure of described hydraulic jack to described hydraulic pressure thimble; When described display module display setting force value, described control module controls the pressure of described hydraulic jack to described hydraulic pressure thimble, makes described pressure remain described setup pressure value, and described control module and described display module are structure as a whole.
Wherein, described display module and control module are located at outside described protective housing.
Wherein, the end face of described limited block is in " convex " font, described limited block comprises first end and the second end on the length direction along described four root posts, the first end of described limited block connects described first crossbeam plate, the second end of described limited block connects described fixed block, and the width of the first end of described limited block is less than the width of the second end of described limited block.
Wherein, described fixed block is on the length direction along described four root posts, comprise the first end face and the second end face that are oppositely arranged, first end face of described fixed block offers the groove of end face in " convex " font, described groove and described limited block snap-fit, second end face of described fixed block offers pickup groove, and described pickup groove is used for the described mesuring battary that is fixed.
Wherein, the second end face of described fixed block also establishes plane domain block, described plane domain block is used for fixing rectangular-shaped described mesuring battary.
Wherein, described battery extrusion test device also comprises and increases block, described in increase block and be held between described first crossbeam plate and the bottom of described protective housing; By increasing the overall height of block described in regulating, regulate the distance between described first crossbeam plate and the bottom of described protective housing.
Wherein, set up defences and protect door in a side of described protective housing, view window is established on the surface of described protective door.
Present invention also offers the test philosophy of described battery extrusion test device concrete be: mesuring battary is placed on pickup groove or plane domain block.The position of slip fixed block, makes mesuring battary corresponding with crushing block.Increase the number of block according to the height control of mesuring battary, mesuring battary is held between crushing block and fixed block.Starting pressure machine, extrudes and observes mesuring battary.
The battery extrusion test device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, mesuring battary is tested in protective housing, simple and reliable for structure, ensure that the personal safety of tester.In addition, mesuring battary is fixed on pickup groove or plane domain block, avoids mesuring battary to roll and the inconvenience that causes, also substantially increases testing efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the battery extrusion test device that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pressing machine that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the fixed block that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described.See Fig. 1, it is the structural representation of battery extrusion test device in the present invention 100.Battery extrusion test device 100 comprises protective housing 10, pressing machine 20, limited block 30, fixed block 40 and increases block 50.
Protective housing 10 is a closed box.Set up defences and protect door 11 in one side of protective housing 10, view window 12 is established on the surface of protective door 11, for observing the squeezed state of mesuring battary (not shown).Pressing machine 20, limited block 30, fixed block 40 and increase block 50 and be all located in protective housing 10.Protective housing 10, for the protection of the personal safety of tester, avoids the casualty accident exploded by mesuring battary, electrolytic solution splashes and causes.
See Fig. 2, pressing machine 20 is for extruding mesuring battary.Pressing machine 20 comprises four root posts 21, first crossbeam plate 22, crushing block 23, hydraulic jack 24, hydraulic pressure thimble 25, second cross beam plate 26 and pressure transducer 27.Four root posts 21, along the direction of the top-to-bottom from protective housing 10, are located at the corner of protective housing 10 respectively.First crossbeam plate 22 and second cross beam plate 26 are oppositely arranged, and first crossbeam plate 22 and second cross beam plate 26 are all parallel with the top of protective housing 10, and first crossbeam plate 22 is near the bottom of protective housing 10, and second cross beam plate 26 is near the top of protective housing 10.First crossbeam plate 22 is all run through at the middle part of four root posts 21, and first crossbeam plate 22 and four root posts 21 are slidably connected, and first crossbeam plate 22 slides along the length direction of four root posts 21.The second end face that first end face of four root posts 21 is all fixed on second cross beam plate 26, four root post 21 is all fixed on the bottom of protective housing 10.Hydraulic jack 24 is between second cross beam plate 26 and the top of protective housing 10, and hydraulic jack 24 is fixed on second cross beam plate 26.Hydraulic pressure thimble 25, pressure transducer 27 and crushing block 23 are all located between first crossbeam plate 22 and second cross beam plate 26, the length direction of hydraulic pressure thimble 25 along four root posts 21 under hydraulic jack 24 drives slides, in a tubular form and inner thread is connected to hydraulic pressure thimble 25, and pressure transducer 27 screw is fixedly connected with crushing block 23 to pressure transducer 27.Crushing block 23 is for contacting and extruding mesuring battary.
In present embodiment, pressing machine 20 is four-column hydraulic press.In other embodiments, pressing machine 20 can adopt aerostatic press to substitute.
Pressing machine 20 also comprises display module (not indicating in figure) and control module 28.Pressure transducer 27 is electrically connected to display module, and display module is for showing the force value of pressure transducer 27; Control module 28 is electrically connected to hydraulic jack 24, and control module 28 is for the pressure of hydraulic control oil cylinder 24 pairs of hydraulic pressure thimbles 25.When display module display setting force value, control module 28, for the pressure of hydraulic control oil cylinder 24 pairs of hydraulic pressure thimbles 25, makes this pressure remain this setup pressure value.Control module 28 and display module are structure as a whole.Display module and control module 28 are all located at outside protective housing 10.In the present embodiment, setup pressure value is 13KN, and as display module display 13KN, control module 28 controls to make the pressure of hydraulic jack 24 pairs of hydraulic pressure thimbles 25 be 13KN.
Limited block 30 is fixed on first crossbeam plate 22, and fixed block 40 and limited block 30 are slidably connected, and the glide direction of fixed block 40 is vertical with the length direction of four root posts 21.Mesuring battary is located between crushing block 23 and fixed block 40, and crushing block 23 is for contacting and extruding mesuring battary, and fixed block 40 is for fixing mesuring battary.
In the present embodiment, limited block 30 comprises first end and the second end on the length direction along four root posts 21.The first end of limited block 30 connects first crossbeam plate 22, and the second end connection fixing block 40 of limited block 30, the width of the first end of limited block 30 is less than the width of the second end of limited block 30.
See Fig. 3, fixed block 40, on the length direction along four root posts 21, comprises the first end face and the second end face that are oppositely arranged.First end face of fixed block 40 offers the groove 41 of end face in " convex " font, and groove 41 and limited block 30 snap-fit, the second end face of fixed block 40 offers pickup groove 42, and pickup groove 42 is for the mesuring battary that is fixed.The end face of pickup groove 42 is U-shaped, for the mesuring battary of fixing circle.Pickup groove 42 rolls for avoiding circular mesuring battary.When testing, only need slide limited block 30, such that mesuring battary is corresponding with crushing block 23 to be engaged.
In other embodiments, limited block 30 and fixed block 40 can adopt other the mode that is slidably connected.As limited block 30 offers chute, fixed block 40 can establish projection, and projection is sticked in chute.
In addition, the second end face of fixed block 40 also establishes plane domain block 43, plane domain block 43 is for fixing rectangular-shaped mesuring battary.
In order to regulate first crossbeam plate 22 and protective housing 10 bottom between distance, present embodiment have employed and increases block 50.Increase block 50 to be held between the bottom of first crossbeam plate 22 and protective housing 10.By increasing or reduce the number increasing block 50, the adjustable overall height increasing block 50.
Present invention also offers and utilize battery extrusion test device 100, carry out the method for battery extrusion testing.Concrete is: be placed in by mesuring battary on pickup groove 42 or plane domain block 43.The position of slip fixed block 40, makes mesuring battary corresponding with crushing block 23.Increase the number of block 50 according to the height control of mesuring battary, mesuring battary is held between crushing block 23 and fixed block 40.Starting pressure machine 20, extrudes and observes mesuring battary.
The battery extrusion test device 100 that the embodiment of the present invention provides, mesuring battary is tested in protective housing 10, simple and reliable for structure, ensure that the personal safety of tester.In addition, mesuring battary is fixed on pickup groove 42 or plane domain block 43, avoids mesuring battary to roll and the inconvenience that causes, also substantially increases testing efficiency.
Above embodiment, does not form the restriction to this technical scheme protection domain.The amendment done within any spirit at above-mentioned embodiment and principle, equivalently to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in this technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a battery extrusion test device, is characterized in that, comprises protective housing, pressing machine, limited block and fixed block; Described protective housing is a closed box; Described pressing machine, described limited block and described fixed block are all located in described protective housing; Described pressing machine is for extruding mesuring battary, and described pressing machine comprises four root posts, first crossbeam plate, second cross beam plate and crushing block; Described four root posts, along the direction from the top-to-bottom of described protective housing, be located at the corner of described protective housing respectively, and described four root posts all run through described first crossbeam plate; Described first crossbeam plate and described four root posts are slidably connected, and described first crossbeam plate slides along the length direction of described four root posts; Described limited block is fixed on described first crossbeam plate, and described fixed block and described limited block are slidably connected, and the glide direction of described fixed block is vertical with the length direction of described four root posts; Described second cross beam plate and described first crossbeam plate are oppositely arranged, and described crushing block is fixed on described second cross beam plate, described mesuring battary is located between described crushing block and described fixed block, described crushing block is used for contacting and extruding mesuring battary, and described fixed block is used for fixing described mesuring battary.
2. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressing machine also comprises hydraulic jack, hydraulic pressure thimble, second cross beam plate and pressure transducer; Described first crossbeam plate is all parallel with the top of described protective housing with described second cross beam plate, and described first crossbeam plate is near the bottom of described protective housing, and described second cross beam plate is near the top of described protective housing; Described first crossbeam plate is all run through at the middle part of described four root posts, and the first end face of described four root posts is all fixed on described second cross beam plate, and the second end face of described four root posts is all fixed on the bottom of described protective housing; Described hydraulic jack is between described second cross beam plate and the top of described protective housing, and described hydraulic jack is fixed on described second cross beam plate; Described hydraulic pressure thimble, described pressure transducer and described crushing block are all located between described first crossbeam plate and described second cross beam plate, the length direction of described hydraulic pressure thimble along described four root posts under described hydraulic jack drives slides, in a tubular form and inner thread is connected to described hydraulic pressure thimble, and described pressure transducer screw is fixedly connected with described crushing block to described pressure transducer.
3. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pressing machine also comprises display module and control module; Described pressure transducer is electrically connected to described display module, and described display module is for showing the force value of described pressure transducer; Described control module is electrically connected to described hydraulic jack, and described control module is for controlling the pressure of described hydraulic jack to described hydraulic pressure thimble; When described display module display setting force value, described control module controls the pressure of described hydraulic jack to described hydraulic pressure thimble, makes described pressure remain described setup pressure value, and described control module and described display module are structure as a whole.
4. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described display module and control module are located at outside described protective housing.
5. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the end face of described limited block is in " convex " font, described limited block comprises first end and the second end on the length direction along described four root posts, the first end of described limited block connects described first crossbeam plate, the second end of described limited block connects described fixed block, and the width of the first end of described limited block is less than the width of the second end of described limited block.
6. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described fixed block is on the length direction along described four root posts, comprise the first end face and the second end face that are oppositely arranged, first end face of described fixed block offers the groove of end face in " convex " font, described groove and described limited block snap-fit, the second end face of described fixed block offers pickup groove, and described pickup groove is used for the described mesuring battary that is fixed.
7. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the second end face of described fixed block also establishes plane domain block, and described plane domain block is used for fixing rectangular-shaped described mesuring battary.
8. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery extrusion test device also comprises and increases block, described in increase block and be held between described first crossbeam plate and the bottom of described protective housing; By increasing the overall height of block described in regulating, regulate the distance between described first crossbeam plate and the bottom of described protective housing.
9. battery extrusion test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, set up defences and protect door in a side of described protective housing, view window is established on the surface of described protective door.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310653361.1A CN104697860A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Battery extrusion test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310653361.1A CN104697860A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Battery extrusion test device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104697860A true CN104697860A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
Family
ID=53345215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310653361.1A Pending CN104697860A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Battery extrusion test device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104697860A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105334106A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-17 | 辰星（天津）自动化设备有限公司 | Extruder used for battery detection |
| CN106198238A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2016-12-07 | 珠海银隆新能源有限公司 | Burst disk pressure resistant testing device |
| CN106442149A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽凯达能源科技有限公司 | Device for detecting pressure-resistant property of new energy battery |
| CN106769510A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 肇庆市众自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of block pressure test device |
| CN107907316A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-13 | 潘绍兵 | A kind of valve pressure testing device |
| CN109061488A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳天溯计量检测股份有限公司 | A kind of battery extrusion testing device and working method |
| CN109682689A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-26 | 深圳市瑞佳达科技有限公司 | A kind of battery crush tester of more closed-loop controls |
| CN111693370A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-22 | 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 | Battery pack top extrusion testing method |
| CN111721529A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-09-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Gear atress size detects maintains device |
| CN111948039A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Battery module testing device |
-
2013
- 2013-12-05 CN CN201310653361.1A patent/CN104697860A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105334106A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-17 | 辰星（天津）自动化设备有限公司 | Extruder used for battery detection |
| CN106442149A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽凯达能源科技有限公司 | Device for detecting pressure-resistant property of new energy battery |
| CN106198238A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2016-12-07 | 珠海银隆新能源有限公司 | Burst disk pressure resistant testing device |
| CN106769510A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 肇庆市众自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of block pressure test device |
| CN107907316A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-13 | 潘绍兵 | A kind of valve pressure testing device |
| CN109061488A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳天溯计量检测股份有限公司 | A kind of battery extrusion testing device and working method |
| CN109061488B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳天溯计量检测股份有限公司 | A kind of battery extrusion testing device and working method |
| CN111721529A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-09-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Gear atress size detects maintains device |
| CN109682689A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-26 | 深圳市瑞佳达科技有限公司 | A kind of battery crush tester of more closed-loop controls |
| CN111693370A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-22 | 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 | Battery pack top extrusion testing method |
| CN111948039A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Battery module testing device |
| CN111693370B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-08-31 | 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 | Battery pack top extrusion testing method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104697860A (en) | Battery extrusion test device | |
| DE102007063188A1 (en) | Battery and method for operating a battery | |
| DE102011053701A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for determining safety in an accumulator arrangement | |
| CN202808106U (en) | Elevator loading detection device | |
| CN103809072B (en) | A kind of battery detecting mechanism of battery checking machine | |
| CN101717047A (en) | Overload protection device for electric hoist crane | |
| CN202693426U (en) | Battery squeezing testing machine | |
| CN204831759U (en) | Online check gauge of light miniature hydraulic drive relief valve | |
| CN210775033U (en) | Quiet tensile test device of safety rope for high altitude construction | |
| CN202693177U (en) | Portable testing device for hydraulic forcible entry tool | |
| CN201553554U (en) | Overload protecting device of electric hoist type crane | |
| CN204614605U (en) | Convenience oil-immersed-type mutual inductor oil position window structure | |
| CN212655020U (en) | Novel broken belt early warning device | |
| CN212621982U (en) | Detection device for shearing resistance and bending resistance of reinforcing steel bar | |
| DE558690C (en) | Device for measuring or registering pressure changes with the aid of a capacitor | |
| CN204188759U (en) | Discharge prevention ball gap device | |
| CN202916397U (en) | Device for voltage-resistant spark test of FFC wire | |
| CN208833743U (en) | A kind of UV method COD research and application sensor | |
| CN208308164U (en) | For detecting the detection device of elevator door, car door intensity | |
| CN107394600A (en) | A kind of lightning protection safety distribution cabinet | |
| CN207163646U (en) | A kind of intelligent digital pressure gauge | |
| CN211178821U (en) | Jack is with ejecting power testing arrangement | |
| CN209387767U (en) | A kind of electric system compensation capacitor extruding test box | |
| CN205811382U (en) | A kind of current transformer erecting device | |
| CN103742478B (en) | A kind of Multifunctional hydraulic screw rod |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150610 |