CN104695236A - Method for producing water-based polyurethane synthetic leather - Google Patents
Method for producing water-based polyurethane synthetic leather Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing water-based polyurethane synthetic leather. The designed technological process comprises the steps of preparing base fabric, humidifying and arranging the base fabric, coating water-based sizing agent, acid-releasing, solidifying, forming, washing, drying and sizing. The method has the advantages that no solvent is added, the organic contamination is thoroughly eliminated from the source, the potential safety hazards are eliminated, the working environment of workers is improved, and green and environment protective cleaning production is achieved indeed; the performances of a product is close to or superior to those of a solvent type product in appearance, structure, hand feeling and physical property, and the product is the best substitute for the solvent type product as well as a mainstream product of synthetic leather field development in the future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyurethane synthetic technology, particularly relate to a kind of waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather preparation method of environmental protection, belong to the field of chemical synthesis.
Background technology
Require the overall situation of energy-saving and emission-reduction at current national under, the product that exploitation replaces solvent borne polyurethane has been trend of the times.And aqueous polyurethane take water as decentralized medium, nontoxic, and do not add any organic solvent in whole water-based leather production, burden can not be caused to environment, being the desirable alternative materials of solvent borne polyurethane, is also the needs realizing the sustainable development of leather industry environmental health.
Current waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather many employings water-based mechanical foaming mode manufactures, and superfine fiber chemical leather still, wet method dry based on solvent-borne type, water-based mechanical foaming mode is used to carry out the manufacture of Synthetic Leather, batching and processing step are slightly aobvious loaded down with trivial details, consuming time also longer, the phenomenon that easily generation abscess is uneven and machinery is got blisters, large machine product is more difficult accomplishes the regulation and control of foaming effect and the control of product quality; And adopt solvent-borne type dry method, wet method manufacture synthetic leather can cause a large amount of pollution because of the use of organic solvent, although existing organic solvent recovery device, part organic solvent still has no idea to reclaim, and bring serious harm can to operating personnel and environment.
Therefore, the clean easy production technology of exploitation, the Synthetic Leather of production environment friendly is an inexorable trend of industry development progress.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, the manufacture method of a kind of environmental protection, the waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather that cost-saving, technology stability is high and workable is provided, by the product that the method is obtained, not only there is structure and the characteristic of similar solvent-borne type wet-process coating, and also closer to being even more better than solvent-borne type performance.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of production method of waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather, comprises the following steps:
1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 50 ~ 100% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth; Consisting of of described base cloth treatment fluid: organic acid 0.05 ~ 0.1 weight portion, organic silica-based cloth treating agent 0.5 ~ 3 weight portion, water 100 weight portion;
2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 200 ~ 1000g/m
2; The raw material composition of described aqueous polyurethane slurry and weight portion are: waterborne polyurethane resin: 100 parts, deionized water: 0 ~ 50 part, levelling agent: 0.2 ~ 1 part, defoamer: 0.1 ~ 0.5 part, thickener: 0.2 ~ 3 part, colouring agent: 0 ~ 10 part, acid-releasing agent: 0.1 ~ 2 part, filler: 0 ~ 10 part;
3) release acid cure shaping: base previous step being coated with aqueous polyurethane slurry is arranged in infrared heating case or steaming box, adopt infrared ray or high-temperature water vapor to carry out heat treated to base cloth;
4) post processing: by product in the middle of the Synthetic Leather after previous step curing molding through washing, drying and shaping, obtain waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, step 1) organic acid described in base cloth treatment fluid is selected from formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, and any one in phosphoric acid.
Ji Bu is immersed in and adds after in organic acid damping dressing liquid, and organic acid partial ionization can produce H
+cATION, is gathered in scrim surfaces and forms layer protecting film, the drawback that the bass product feel effectively preventing anion aqueous coating to permeate in a large number to cause is stiff.
Further, step 1) organic silica-based cloth treating agent described in base cloth treatment fluid is amino-modified silicone softener, and one or both the mixing in organic silicon modified by polyether softener.
This type of softener can make fabric smooth, ventilative, plentiful, has super soft feel, also has good shrink resistance, washability, moreover carries out the damping of base cloth through silicone softening agent and arrange and can also improve the oil rub resistance of fabric, antistatic and hydrophilicity.
Further, step 1) organic silica-based cloth treating agent described in base cloth treatment fluid is selected from one or more mixing in OFS-6040, Z-6121, OP-8800 and JC-RR.
Base cloth damping method for sorting: by base cloth used containing being immersed in base cloth damping dressing liquid, and by adjustment roll seam and Stress control base belt liquid rate, make the liquid carrying rate after the impregnation of base cloth be 50 ~ 100%.
Further, step 2) waterborne polyurethane resin described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is any one or a few mixing in anion aliphatic polyester type, anion aliphatic poly ether type, anion aromatic polyester or anion aromatic polyether type.
Further, step 2) waterborne polyurethane resin described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is selected from DE-2390, DE-2380, DG-6913, and any one or more in DG-5130.
Water-based mechanical foaming polyurethane slurry is generally large arch dam resin, not only the high but also preparation technology of cost is difficult to realize, raw material supply amount and kind are also relatively less, and the present invention contains specific requirement admittedly to resin used, general employing circulate on the market more solid content about 30% resin be raw material, not only source is wide, and kind is many, and preparation technology is simple, easy to operate feasible.
Deionized water: in actual applications because operating procedure is different, formula is different, and slurry is always solid containing having floating, in order to conservative control slurry solid content to a certain degree, realize good processes and stability, a certain amount of deionized water need be added and carry out formula adjustment.
Further, step 2) levelling agent described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is the mixing of one or more in organic silicon modified by polyether class, polyester resin change properties of organic silicon class and complex type organic silicon class.
Further, described levelling agent is selected from BYK349, and 57,67, and one or more the mixing in 401LS.
In drying and forming-film process, smooth, smooth, uniform film is formed in order to impel coating slurry, need to add a certain amount of leveling auxiliary agent, it is mainly by reducing the surface tension between coating and base material, coating and base material is made to have best wettability, namely reduce because the water surface tension gradient change caused of volatilizing improves the outward appearance of film, the compatibility of dissimilar levelling agent is different with migratory behaviour, directly can affect the surface tension gradient of film; This patent preferably uses silicone based levelling agent, because the structure of its uniqueness effectively can reduce static surface tension, promotes the coating of aqueous polyurethane slurry, makes its wetting ground better, prevents shrinkage cavity.
Further, step 2) defoamer described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is selected from the mixing of one or more in polyethers defoamer, silicone based defoamer and organic silicon modified by polyether defoamer.
Further, described defoamer is selected from BYK024, DF-162, one or more the mixing in 163 and 65.
Aqueous polyurethane slurry is easy to produce bubble in high-speed agitating process, obvious bubble point is then there will be after coating slurry, again through releasing acid,--washing--is after oven dry, many abscesses not of uniform size will be formed, not only affect processability thereafter and also can affect the quality of product, steep and froth breaking so need the defoamer adding doses to carry out effective pressing down, this patent preferred, polyethers modified organic silicon defoamer carries out froth breaking, fine hydrophobic granule is added in defoamer, contribute to improving antifoam performance, its action principle is: hydrophobic particles helps to wear out false emulsifying film, and can not particle be soaked to the Surfactant Films that foam lamellae plays stabilization and occur climbing contracting phenomenon, there is unstable region and cause breaking in shell layer surface, polyether segment and siloxanes section combine with the form of Si-O-Si or Si-C by organic silicon modified by polyether defoamer, the surface-activity of defoamer derives from siloxanes segment, compatibility then controlled by polyether segment to a great extent, although not containing hydrophobic particles, but there is high spreading power.
Further, step 2) thickener described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is polyurethane associative thickener.
Further, described thickener is selected from 240, H360, SA-15, and one or more the mixing in BR100P.
The object adding thickener mainly controls the viscosity situation of slurry, so that better apply slurry and film forming, because of water-base resin used mainly polyurethanes, in order to realize good compatibility, preferred thickener of the present invention is polyurethane associative thickener, not only consumption is few, and thickening rate is also fast.
Further, step 2) colouring agent described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is aqueous pigment cream or dyestuff.
Carry out mixing colours or carrying out flaw to product covering for the demand meeting different product needs to add colouring agent sometimes, the present invention's preferred colouring agent use pigment paste, can faster and better merging with water paste.
Further, step 2) acid-releasing agent described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is polyol ester class, polybasic ester class or ammonium salt class.
Preferably, step 2) described acid-releasing agent is polyol ester class or polybasic ester class.
Preferred, step 2) described acid-releasing agent is selected from dimethyl oxalate, dimethyl malenate, ethylene glycol mono-methyl or butanediol mono-methyl.
Acid-releasing agent selected by the present invention is a kind of responsive to temperature auxiliary agent, can discharge acid medium fast by intensification acid-releasing agent, and main acid-releasing agent has polyol ester class, polybasic ester class or ammonium salt class, applies in the majority with the former two, preferred first two.
Further, step 2) filler described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is selected from one or more mixing in superfine silicon dioxide, Paris white and lignocellulose.
Superfine silicon dioxide, Paris white or lignocellulose, it adds mainly in order to increase texture, solid sense and reduction product cost after the oven dry of coating slurry.
Further, step 2) described in the preparation method of aqueous polyurethane slurry be: by the raw material of described aqueous polyurethane slurry by formula rate mixing, stirred by high speed machine agitator, then carry out deaeration, filter after obtain aqueous polyurethane slurry.
Coating water paste method: adopt the mode of blade coating aqueous polyurethane slurry to be coated on the scrim surfaces arranged through damping, the every square meter coating weight of coating liquid is 200 ~ 1000g/m
2.
Further, step 3) described infrared heating temperature is 60 ~ 100 DEG C, heat time heating time is 8 ~ 12min; Described high-temperature water vapor heat treatment temperature is 60 ~ 120 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 8 ~ 12min.
Further, step 4) to be washed to the half-finished pH value of Synthetic Leather be 6 ~ 7.Synthetic Leather semi-finished product after previous step curing molding are adopted washing milling process, being washed to the half-finished pH value of Synthetic Leather is 6 ~ 7.
The shaping rear employing of slurry curing is repeatedly washed milling process and the acid solution of remnants is washed off.Method for washing: the material soaking of curing molding is slightly padded in the rinsing bowl that uniform temperature circulation water inlet and draining are housed and washes, repeatedly carry out above-mentioned steps until bass pH is 6 ~ 7 after washing.
Further, step 4) temperature range of described oven dry is 80 ~ 150 DEG C.Described drying and shaping be by washing after Synthetic Leather semi-finished product through expanding drying and shaping line, adopt hot blast mode to carry out drying and shaping, obtain waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather.
Second aspect present invention discloses a kind of waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather, adopts preceding method to prepare.
Third aspect present invention discloses aforementioned waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather production method in sofa, gloves, clothes, electronic product packaging, and the application of case and bag production field.
The present invention contrasts other technologies and has the following advantages: have employed environment-friendly type aqueous polyurethane material and prepare sofa artificial leather bass product, volatilize without any organic solvent in whole production process, the product good hand feeling produced, high resilience, ventilative also better with hygroscopicity; The present invention compares patent CN 102797165B, CN 102080332 B, CN 102787510 B, CN 102877323 Waterborne synthetic leather manufacture method disclosed in B, there is technology stability high, operation possibility is strong, production efficiency is high, the advantages such as low cost of manufacture, adapt to the demand of large suitability for industrialized production, have more wide market application foreground.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Capital equipment involved in embodiment comprises: be with the conventional equipments such as the dipping tank of knobbling rolls, high speed machine agitator, vacuum defoaming device, precision coating machine, infrared drying oven or gas steam box, synthetic leather rinsing bowl, expanding drying and shaping line.
The portioned product title, purposes and the behavioral illustrations that use in the embodiment of the present invention are as following table 1.
Table 1 raw material and reagent
Embodiment 1
1. material, reagent
1) base fabric adopts the white single A of Fujian Nanfang Co., Ltd. 0.35, thickness: 0.35mm.
2) base cloth prescription for the treatment of liquid is as following table 2:
Table 2 base cloth prescription for the treatment of liquid
3) aqueous polyurethane formula of size is as following table 3:
Table 3 aqueous polyurethane formula of size
The preparation method of aqueous polyurethane slurry is: mixed by each raw material by table 3, obtains after being stirred by high speed machine.
2. preparation method
(1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 50% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth;
(2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 200g/m
2;
(3) acid cure is released shaping: release acid cure shaping employing infrared heating mode, baking oven maximum temperature is set to 100 DEG C;
(4) post processing: washing adopts the water of normal temperature 20 DEG C repeatedly to wash squeezing, and the acid solution of remnants washed off, being washed to bass pH is 6 ~ 7; Dry and adopt expanding air blast drying and shaping line to carry out drying and shaping, oven temperature is set to: 140 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
1. material, reagent
1) base fabric is the black tannin of Fujian Nanfang Co., Ltd. 0.55, thickness: 0.55mm.
2) base cloth damping finish solution formula is as following table 4:
Table 4 base cloth prescription for the treatment of liquid
3) aqueous polyurethane formula of size is as following table 5:
Table 5 aqueous polyurethane formula of size
The preparation method of aqueous polyurethane slurry is: mixed by each raw material by table 5, obtains after being stirred by high speed machine.
2. preparation method
(1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 70% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth;
(2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 550g/m
2;
(3) acid cure is released shaping: adopt infrared heating mode, baking oven maximum temperature is set to 100 DEG C;
(4) post processing: washing adopts the water of normal temperature 30 DEG C repeatedly to wash squeezing, and the acid solution of remnants washed off, being washed to bass pH is 6 ~ 7; Dry and adopt expanding air blast drying and shaping line to carry out drying and shaping, oven temperature is set to: 140 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
1. material, reagent
1) base fabric is Fujian Nanfang Co., Ltd. 0.55 reddish brown two left oblique 31, thickness: 0.55mm.
2) base cloth damping finish solution formula is as following table 6:
Table 6 base cloth prescription for the treatment of liquid
3) aqueous polyurethane formula of size is as following table 7:
Table 7 aqueous polyurethane formula of size
The preparation method of aqueous polyurethane slurry is: mixed by each raw material by table 7, obtains after being stirred by high speed machine.
2. preparation method
(1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 80% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth;
(2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 750g/m
2;
(3) acid cure is released shaping: adopt steam mode of heating, steaming box maximum temperature is set to 120 DEG C;
(4) post processing: the warm water of washing employing 40 DEG C washes squeezing repeatedly, and the acid solution of remnants washed off, being washed to bass pH is 6 ~ 7; Dry and adopt expanding air blast drying and shaping line to carry out drying and shaping, oven temperature is set to: 140 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
1. material, reagent
1) base fabric be Fujian Nanfang Co., Ltd. 0.75 grey black list left tiltedly outside, thickness: 0.75mm.
2) base cloth damping finish solution formula is as following table 8:
Table 8 base cloth prescription for the treatment of liquid
3) aqueous polyurethane formula of size is as following table 9.
Table 9 aqueous polyurethane formula of size
The preparation method of aqueous polyurethane slurry is: mixed by each raw material by table 9, obtains after being stirred by high speed machine.
2. preparation method
(1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 100% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth;
(2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 1000g/m
2;
(3) release acid cure shaping employing steam mode of heating, steaming box maximum temperature is set to 120 DEG C;
(4) post processing: the water of washing employing 50 DEG C washes squeezing repeatedly, and the acid solution of remnants washed off, being washed to bass pH is 6 ~ 7; Dry and adopt expanding air blast drying and shaping line to carry out drying and shaping, oven temperature is set to: 140 DEG C.
Embodiment 5 Performance Detection
Wet method waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather product obtained by the present invention, not only smooth appearance, smooth, soft, and physical and mechanical properties is higher, and concrete test index ginseng is shown in Table 10.
The fundamental characteristics of table 10 aqueous polyurethane wet-process coating product
Note: sample A is wet method aqueous polyurethane sofa artificial leather; Sample B is wet method aqueous polyurethane glove leather; Sample C is wet laid nonwoven fabric aqueous artificial leather
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a production method for waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather, comprises the following steps:
1) damping of base cloth arranges: by base cloth containing being immersed in base cloth treatment fluid, be 50 ~ 100% by the liquid carrying rate behind roll seam and the impregnation of Stress control base cloth; Consisting of of described base cloth treatment fluid: organic acid 0.05 ~ 0.1 weight portion, organic silica-based cloth treating agent 0.5 ~ 3 weight portion, water 100 weight portion;
2) coating of water paste: aqueous polyurethane slurry is coated on the scrim surfaces that previous step arranges through damping by employing knife coating, and the coating weight of aqueous polyurethane slurry is 200 ~ 1000g/m
2; The raw material composition of described aqueous polyurethane slurry and weight portion are: waterborne polyurethane resin: 100 parts, deionized water: 0 ~ 50 part, levelling agent: 0.2 ~ 1 part, defoamer: 0.1 ~ 0.5 part, thickener: 0.2 ~ 3 part, colouring agent: 0 ~ 10 part, acid-releasing agent: 0.1 ~ 2 part, filler: 0 ~ 10 part;
3) release acid cure shaping: base previous step being coated with aqueous polyurethane slurry is arranged in infrared heating case or steaming box, adopt infrared ray or high-temperature water vapor to carry out heat treated to base cloth;
4) post processing: to wash product in the middle of Synthetic Leather after previous step curing molding, drying and shaping, obtains waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather.
2. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) organic acid described in base cloth treatment fluid is selected from formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, and any one in phosphoric acid; Described organic silica-based cloth treating agent is amino-modified silicone softener, and one or both the mixing in organic silicon modified by polyether softener.
3. production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) waterborne polyurethane resin described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is any one or a few mixing in anion aliphatic polyester type, anion aliphatic poly ether type, anion aromatic polyester or anion aromatic polyether type.
4. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) levelling agent described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is the mixing of one or more in organic silicon modified by polyether class, polyester resin change properties of organic silicon class and complex type organic silicon class; Described defoamer is selected from the mixing of one or more in polyethers defoamer, silicone based defoamer and organic silicon modified by polyether defoamer; Described thickener is polyurethane associative thickener; Described acid-releasing agent is polyol ester class, polybasic ester class or ammonium salt class.
5. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) colouring agent described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is aqueous pigment cream or dyestuff.
6. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) filler described in aqueous polyurethane slurry is selected from one or more mixing in superfine silicon dioxide, Paris white and lignocellulose.
7. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) described infrared heating temperature is 60 ~ 100 DEG C, heat time heating time is 8 ~ 12min; Described high-temperature water vapor heat treatment temperature is 60 ~ 120 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 8 ~ 12min.
8. production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) to be washed to the half-finished pH value of Synthetic Leather be 6 ~ 7; The temperature range of described oven dry is 80 ~ 150 DEG C.
9. a waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather, adopts production method described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-8 to prepare.
10. waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather production method described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-8 is in sofa, gloves, clothes, electronic product packaging, and the application of case and bag production field.
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