CN104682171B - A kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral - Google Patents
A kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral Download PDFInfo
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- CN104682171B CN104682171B CN201510082363.9A CN201510082363A CN104682171B CN 104682171 B CN104682171 B CN 104682171B CN 201510082363 A CN201510082363 A CN 201510082363A CN 104682171 B CN104682171 B CN 104682171B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, laser includes：Gain media (1), dispersion element (2), laser emitter (3), target of attack (4), scatter optical receiver (5), pumping (6), the output end of gain media (1) is connected with the input port of dispersion element (2), the output end of dispersion element (2) is connected to laser emitter (3), scattered light can be sent when target of attack (4) enters sensitizing range, scattering optical receiver (5) is connected to the first input end of gain media (1), pumping (6) is connected to the second input of gain media (1).The laser that the present invention is provided is a kind of brand-new laser, the beneficial effect being integrated with part that is simple in construction, not using any mechanical adjustment, target detection and automatic aiming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, belong to laser technology field.
Background technology
Since laser was 20th century, after atomic energy, computer, semiconductor, the another invention of great significance of the mankind is referred to as
" most fast knife ", " most accurate chi ", " most bright light " and " unusual laser ".It is unprecedented that laser can effectively utilize people
Advanced method and means, so as to promote the development of productivity, militarily play significant role.Laser weapon is a kind of fixed
To energy weapon, directly injure target using the laser beam of powerful directional transmissions or be allowed to fail.It is swashed by force using high brightness
The high-tech new concept weapon of the targets such as enemy's aircraft, guided missile, satellite and personnel is destroyed or killed to the huge energy that light beam is carried.
Light laser weapon has a unrivaled advantage of other weapons, light laser weapon has that speed is fast, precision is high, intercept distance is remote,
Transfer fire is rapid, not by external electromagnetic wave interference, continue the advantages of fighting capacity is strong.The United States, Russia, English, moral, method, Israel etc. are permitted
Many western countries are all in actively development light laser weapon.Laser weapon passes through the research of more than 30 years, has reached its maturity and has incited somebody to action
Played an increasingly important role on battlefield from now on.
However, the aiming of laser weapon is influence and the key factor for restricting laser weapon performance.It is big due to light laser
Gas transmission effects such as atmospheric refraction, turbulent flow and thermal blooming, make laser occur path bending, power attenuation, light intensity fluctuation, beam spread
With distortion etc., therefore, it is difficult to target carry out quickly track and aim at.
Atmospheric refraction causes laser to increase by light path during atmospheric propagation, and laser beam deviates predetermined target location.To swashing
For light armament systems, should consider detect light beam refraction, again consider attack light laser light beam refraction effect amendment with
And the refraction compensation that atmospheric density changes after light laser effect.When light laser is transmitted in an atmosphere, Atmospheric Absorption fraction of laser light energy
Amount, causes local gas temperature to raise, density reduction, and laser beam energy center height, the edge of Gaussian Profile are low so that gas is close
Low at the beam center, edge of degree is high, produces the blooming effect of similar negative lens, makes laser beam bending, extension and distorts, claims
For thermal blooming effects.Due to the influence of atmospheric turbulance, the hot spot caused in target is expanded.When laser power is sufficiently large, can also
Produce nonlinear thermal blooming phenomenon.These effects will decline the laser power density in target, and influence laser is to target
Execution.
In addition, current laser weapon sighting system is mainly aimed at using electronic technology control machinery part, a side
Face is that mechanical part is regulated the speed relatively slowly, and two be due to the Atmospheric propagating effects of light laser, causes laser not aim at effectively.
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are intended to overcome disadvantages described above to imitate using the positive feedback of target reflecting light there is provided a kind of
Should, the Atmospheric propagating effects of light laser can be overcome, automatically and rapidly track and aim at target of attack and be possible in laser
There is the laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral of important application in the field such as weapon and space defense weapon.
To solve the above problems, being taken aim at automatically based on what spatial spectral was encoded there is provided a kind of according to the first aspect of the invention
Accurate laser, wherein, the laser includes：Gain media, dispersion element, laser emitter, target of attack, scattered light
Receiver, pumping, the output end of the gain media are connected with the input port of the dispersion element, the dispersion element it is defeated
Go out end and be connected to the laser emitter, the target of attack can cause scattered light when target of attack enters sensitizing range,
The scattering optical receiver is connected to the first input end of the gain media, and the pumping is connected to the of the gain media
Two inputs, wherein, the sensitizing range is broadband light after the dispersion element (2) and the laser emitter (3)
The space that can be covered.
According to the second aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
When the target of attack is not present in sensitizing range, light does not enter the first input end of the gain media, the increasing
Beneficial medium can send the broadband light of spontaneous radiation in the presence of the pumping；When there is the target of attack in sensitizing range
When, the scattered light with specific wavelength enters the gain media, the dispersion element, the laser emitter, described
Target of attack and the scattering optical receiver collectively constitute laserresonator, are collectively forming with the gain media and the pumping
The laser of Single wavelength, and optical maser wavelength correspond to the locus of the target of attack.
According to the third aspect of the invention we there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
The dispersion element can make different angle outputs for that can produce the device of scattered light broadband light emission into space
Light has different wave length or frequency, plays a part of the detection target of attack, when the laser light incident of Single wavelength is to the dispersion
When in element, laser is with a corresponding angle output without dissipating, and luminous power can focus on the target of attack, play force
The effect of device attack.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
The device that scattered light can be produced is grating or prism or virtual image phased array or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer or energy
Enough produce the crystal of dispersion.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
The laser emitter is a lens or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum, is broadband light or laser is had
Effect is transmitted into the device in certain space, plays a part of collimating and expanding.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
The target of attack is laser constitution part, and when the target of attack is introduced into sensitizing range, laser can not be formed, and be sent
Broadband light scatter to play a part of in vast space detection, early warning；When the target of attack enters sensitizing range, production
Raw laser, all energy are focused in the target of attack, destroy target.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, wherein,
The scattering optical receiver is the first input end for receiving scattered light and being conducted into the gain media, the scattering
Optical receiver is a lens, or one group of lens or one group of lens are with speculum or to use optical fiber or other fiber waveguide device structures
Into device, can complete to collect the function of scattered light, and the scattered light being collected into can be input in the gain media.
The primary structure of the laser is：Gain media is in the case of the light input not fed back, and output is
The spontaneous emission light in broadband, output end connection dispersion element and laser transmitter projects are into space, due to have passed through dispersion member
Part, the output angle of the light of different wave length is different, and the diverse location in additional space is understood by the illumination of different wave length, that is, utilizes
Spatial spectral is encoded, after the region of space illumination is entered by target of attack, it will cause the scattering of light, the wavelength of institute's scattered light
The locus of the target is contained, scattered light caused by target is collected, and is input in gain media, in pattern
In the presence of competition, laser will export the laser of the Single wavelength of phase co-wavelength, now, and laser is sent out by dispersion element and laser
After emitter, it will automatic aiming realizes the automatic aiming of laser by target of attack.
Laser proposed by the present invention is a kind of brand-new laser, the function with target detection and automatic aiming.Pass
The laser three elements of system are pumping, gain media and optical resonator, but common optical resonator is inside laser
, and laser proposed by the present invention, its optical resonator contain laser external and away from laser by attack mesh
Mark, i.e., collectively form by dispersion element and generating laser, by target of attack and scattering optical receiver three.Its operation principle
It is：When entering the region that spatial spectral is encoded without target of attack, it is impossible to form optical resonator, be output as the spontaneous of broadband
Radiant light, for illumination target region and carries out the Wavelength-encoding in space；When target of attack enters the region that spatial spectral is encoded
When, optical resonator is formed, the laser of Single wavelength is exported, because the wavelength correspond to the locus of target, so can be real
Existing automatic aiming.Herein, the mode competition inside laser serves the effect of logic judgment, because the aiming of laser is
Realized in the presence of full optics, therefore, aiming process is not only automatically, and speed is quickly, due to the light velocity be 3 ×
108Meter per second, in several kilometers of scope, the process of laser automatic aiming will be completed within the time of several microseconds, than traditional
Aiming mode is many soon.The problems such as system of being additionally, since is the system of a positive feedback, the refraction of air and turbulent flow is all being taken aim at
Contained automatically in accurate process, therefore, the laser will also improve a lot to the adaptability of various weather.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral of the present invention when in the absence of target of attack
Schematic diagram in the monitoring state；
Fig. 2 for the present invention it is a kind of based on spatial spectral encode automatic aiming laser when there is target of attack at
In the schematic diagram of attack state.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention of greater clarity, with reference to embodiment and join
According to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair
Bright scope.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is eliminated, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring this
The concept of invention.
The invention provides a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, Fig. 1 is one kind of the invention
The laser schematic diagram in the monitoring state when in the absence of target of attack 4 of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral；Fig. 2
Laser for a kind of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral of the present invention is in attack state when there is target of attack 4
Schematic diagram.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the laser includes：Gain media 1, dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, attack mesh
Mark 4, scattering optical receiver 5, pumping 6, the output end of gain media 1 are connected with the input port of dispersion element 2, dispersion element 2
Output end be connected to laser emitter 3, can send scattered light when target of attack 4 enters sensitizing range, scatter light-receiving
Device 5 is connected to the first input end of gain media 1, and pumping 6 is connected to the second input of the gain media 1.
As shown in figure 1, when not having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, light does not enter the input of gain media 1
End, gain media 1 can send the broadband light of spontaneous radiation in the presence of pumping 6, and broadband light passes through dispersion element 2 and laser
The space that can be covered after device transmitter 3 is sensitizing range, and this process is exactly each position in spatial spectral coding, space
Put and correspond to a wavelength；As shown in Fig. 2 when having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, the corresponding space of target of attack 4
Position just correspond to a wavelength, and this wavelength is defined as into specific wavelength, and the scattered light with specific wavelength enters gain
Medium 1, dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, target of attack 4 and scattering optical receiver 5 collectively constitute laserresonator, with increasing
Beneficial medium 1 and pumping 6 are collectively forming the laser of Single wavelength, and optical maser wavelength correspond to the locus of target of attack 4.
Dispersion element 2 can be made up of the device that can produce scattering, such as grating or prism or virtual image phased array
Or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer or crystal of dispersion etc. can be produced, different angles can be made broadband light emission into space
The light of degree output has different wave length or frequency, can play a part of detecting target of attack 4.But, when the laser of Single wavelength
When inciding in dispersion element 2, laser is exported with a corresponding angle, and without dissipating, luminous power can focus on attack mesh
Mark 4, plays a part of weapon attacking.
Laser emitter 3 is usually to be made up of lens, can be that a lens or one group of lens or one group are saturating
The composition such as mirror and speculum, is the device for enabling broadband light or laser to be effectively transmitted into certain space, primarily serves standard
It is straight and expand to wait and act on.
Target of attack 4 is laser constitution part, and when target of attack 4 does not enter into sensitizing range, laser can not be formed,
The broadband light sent, which is scattered to, plays a part of detection, early warning in vast space；When target of attack 4 enters sensitizing range,
Laser is produced, all energy are focused in target of attack 4, destroy target.
Scattering optical receiver 5 be for receiving scattered light and being conducted into the input of gain media 1, can be by lens
Composition can be a lens or one group of lens or one group of lens and the composition such as speculum, can also use optical fiber or
Other fiber waveguide devices are constituted, i.e., can complete to collect the function of scattered light, and the scattered light being collected into can be input into gain
In medium.
It is as follows for a kind of laser works process of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral：
1st, when not having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, light does not enter the input of gain media 1, gain
Medium 1 can send broadband light.The space that broadband light can be covered after dispersion element 2 and laser emitter 3 is sensitivity
Region；But, due to no target of attack 4, produced without scattered light, it is thus impossible to form laser.Broadband light overlay area is
Sensitizing range, laser plays a part of target detection.
2nd, when having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, target of attack 4 can return the light scattering of region,
As a result of dispersion element 2, spectrum deploys in space, and different spatial is by the optical illumination of different wave length, therefore, scattering
The wavelength of light contains the positional information of target of attack 4.
3rd, scattered light is collected with scattering optical receiver 5, because scattered light can be distributed in space, therefore, it should as far as possible
The aperture of increase scattering optical receiver 5, is collected into more scattered lights；Because scattered light is weaker, accordingly, it may be desirable to
Light amplification is carried out to the scattered light being collected into before inputting light into laser, finally, the scattered light after amplification effectively noted
Enter into gain media 1.
4th, the scattered light with specific wavelength enters gain media 1, dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, attack mesh
Mark 4 and scattering optical receiver 5 collectively constitute laserresonator, and the laser of Single wavelength is collectively forming with gain media 1 and pumping 6
Device；There is corresponding relation because laser produces the wavelength of laser and the locus of target of attack 4, laser energy will focus on
In target of attack 4, the effect attacked target is reached.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's
Principle, without being construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole changes fallen into scope and border or this scope and the equivalents on border and repairing
Change example.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral, it is characterised in that the laser includes：Gain is situated between
Matter (1), dispersion element (2), laser emitter (3), target of attack (4), scattering optical receiver (5), pumping (6), it is described to increase
The output end of beneficial medium (1) is connected with the input port of the dispersion element (2), the output end connection of the dispersion element (2)
To the laser emitter (3), when target of attack (4) enters sensitizing range, the target of attack (4) can cause scattered light,
The scattering optical receiver (5) is connected to the first input end of the gain media (1), and the pumping (6) is connected to the increasing
Second input of beneficial medium (1),
Wherein, the sensitizing range is that broadband light can be covered after the dispersion element (2) and the laser emitter (3)
The space of lid.
2. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When the target of attack (4) are not present in sensitizing range, light does not enter the first input end of the gain media (1), institute
The broadband light of spontaneous radiation can be sent in the presence of the pumping (6) by stating gain media (1)；When the sensitizing range internal memory
At the target of attack (4), the scattered light with specific wavelength enters the gain media (1), the dispersion element
(2), the laser emitter (3), the target of attack (4) and the scattering optical receiver (5) collectively constitute laser resonance
Chamber, is collectively forming the laser of Single wavelength with the gain media (1) and the pumping (6), and optical maser wavelength correspond to it is described
The locus of target of attack (4).
3. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State dispersion element (2) device of scattered light can be produced, different angle outputs can be made broadband light emission into space
Light has different wave length or frequency, plays a part of the detection target of attack (4), when the laser light incident of Single wavelength is to the color
When dissipating in element (2), laser is with a corresponding angle output without dissipating, and luminous power can focus on the target of attack
(4) weapon attacking, is played a part of.
4. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
The device of scattered light can be produced for grating or prism or virtual image phased array or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer or can by stating
Produce the crystal of dispersion.
5. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Laser emitter (3) is stated for a lens or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum, is to enable broadband light or laser
The device in certain space is effectively transmitted into, plays a part of collimating and expanding.
6. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Target of attack (4) is stated for laser constitution part, when the target of attack (4) is introduced into sensitizing range, laser can not be formed,
The broadband light sent, which is scattered to, plays a part of detection, early warning in vast space；When the target of attack (4) enters described quick
During sensillary area domain, laser is produced, all energy are focused in the target of attack (4), destroy target.
7. a kind of laser of automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State scattering optical receiver (5) be for receiving scattered light and being conducted into the first input end of the gain media (1), it is described
It is a lens to scatter optical receiver (5), or one group of lens or one group of lens are with speculum or to use optical fiber or other light waves
The device of device composition is led, can complete to collect the function of scattered light, and the scattered light being collected into can be input into the gain
In medium (1).
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4250465A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-02-10 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Radiation beam deflection system |
| FR2547405B2 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1987-08-07 | Cilas Alcatel | LASER DEVICE FOR GUIDING A MISSILE ON A TARGET |
| US6145784A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Shared aperture dichroic active tracker with background subtraction |
| CN1283319A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-07 | 光谱科学公司 | Self-targeting reader system for remote identification |
-
2015
- 2015-02-15 CN CN201510082363.9A patent/CN104682171B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4250465A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-02-10 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Radiation beam deflection system |
| FR2547405B2 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1987-08-07 | Cilas Alcatel | LASER DEVICE FOR GUIDING A MISSILE ON A TARGET |
| US6145784A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Shared aperture dichroic active tracker with background subtraction |
| CN1283319A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-07 | 光谱科学公司 | Self-targeting reader system for remote identification |
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| CN104682171A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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