CN104682171A - Novel space spectrum coding-based laser capable of automatically aiming - Google Patents
Novel space spectrum coding-based laser capable of automatically aiming Download PDFInfo
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- CN104682171A CN104682171A CN201510082363.9A CN201510082363A CN104682171A CN 104682171 A CN104682171 A CN 104682171A CN 201510082363 A CN201510082363 A CN 201510082363A CN 104682171 A CN104682171 A CN 104682171A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel space spectrum coding-based laser capable of automatically aiming. The laser comprises a gain medium (1), a dispersing device (2), a laser launcher (3), an attacked target (4), a scattered light receiver (5) and a pump (6), wherein the output end of the gain medium (1) is connected with the input end of the dispersing device (2), and the output end of the dispersing device (2) is connected to the laser launcher (3); when the attacked target (4) enters a sensitive area, the attacked target (4) gives out scattered light, and the scattered light receiver (5) is connected to a first input end of the gain medium (1); the pump (6) is connected to a second input end of the gain medium (1). The laser provided by the invention is a brand-new laser and has the benefits that the structure is simple, any mechanical conditioning parts are not used, and the target detection and the automatic aiming are integrated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding, belong to laser technology field.
Background technology
Since laser was 20th century, after atomic energy, computer, semiconductor, the another invention of great significance of the mankind, is called as " the fastest cutter ", " the most accurate chi ", " the brightest light " and " unusual laser ".Laser can make people effectively utilize unprecedented advanced method and means, thus facilitates the development of productivity, militarily plays significant role.Laser weapon is a kind of directed energy weapon, utilizes the laser beam of powerful directional transmissions directly to injure target or makes it to lose efficacy.It is that the huge energy utilizing high brightness intense laser beam to carry is destroyed or kills and wounds the high-tech new concept weapon of the targets such as enemy's aircraft, guided missile, satellite and personnel.Light laser weapon has the unrivaled advantage of other weapon, and light laser weapon has the advantages such as speed is fast, precision is high, intercept distance is far away, transfer fire rapidly, is not subject to external electromagnetic wave interference, lasting fighting capacity is strong.Many western countries such as the United States, Russia, English, moral, method, Israel are all at develop actively light laser weapon.Laser weapon, through the research of three more than ten years, has reached its maturity and will play an increasingly important role on battlefield from now on.
But the aiming of laser weapon is the key factor of impact and restriction laser weapon performance.Because the Atmospheric propagating effects of light laser is as atmospheric refraction, turbulent flow and thermal blooming, laser is occurred path is bending, power attenuation, light intensity fluctuation, beam spread and distortion etc., therefore, be difficult to carry out tracking and aiming fast to target.
Atmospheric refraction makes laser be increased by light path during atmospheric propagation, and laser beam departs from predetermined target location.For weapon laser system, should consider the refraction of detecting light beam, the refraction that after considering to attack the refraction effect correction of light laser light beam and light laser effect again, atmospheric density changes compensates.When light laser is transmitted in an atmosphere, Atmospheric Absorption fraction of laser light energy, local gas temperature is caused to raise, density reduces, the laser beam energy center of Gaussian Profile is high, edge is low, such that gas density is low at beam center place, edge is high, produces the blooming effect of similar negative lens, laser beam is bent, expands and distortion, be called thermal blooming effects.Due to the impact of atmospheric turbulance, the hot spot caused in target is expanded.When laser power is enough large, nonlinear thermal blooming phenomenon also can be produced.These effects will make the laser power density in target decline, and affect the execution of laser to target.
In addition, current laser weapon sighting system mainly adopts electronic technology to control mechanical part and aims at, and be that mechanical part is regulated the speed comparatively slowly on the one hand, two is the Atmospheric propagating effects due to light laser, causes laser effectively to aim at.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are intended to overcome above defect, a kind of positive feedback effect that can utilize target reflecting light is provided, the Atmospheric propagating effects of light laser can be overcome, automatically and rapidly tracking and aiming target of attack and likely have the laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding of important application in fields such as laser weapon and space defense weapons.
For solving the problem, according to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, described laser comprises: gain media, dispersion element, laser emitter, target of attack, scattered light receiver, pumping, the output of described gain media is connected with the input port of described dispersion element, the output of described dispersion element is connected to described laser emitter, scattered light can be sent when target of attack enters sensitizing range, described scattered light receiver is connected to the first input end of described gain media, described pumping is connected to the second input of described gain media.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, when there is not described target of attack in sensitizing range, light does not enter into the first input end of described gain media, described gain media can send the broadband light of spontaneous radiation under the effect of described pumping, and the space that broadband light can cover after described dispersion element and described laser emitter is sensitizing range; When there is described target of attack in sensitizing range, the scattered light with specific wavelength enters into described gain media, described dispersion element, described laser emitter, described target of attack and described scattered light receiver form laserresonator jointly, jointly form the laser of Single wavelength with described gain media and described pumping, and optical maser wavelength correspond to the locus of described target of attack.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, described dispersion element is the device that can produce scattered light, can broadband light be transmitted in space, the light that different angles are exported has different wave length or frequency, play the effect detecting described target of attack, when the laser of Single wavelength incides in described dispersion element, laser exports with a corresponding angle and can not disperse, luminous power can focus on described target of attack, plays the effect of weapon attacking.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, the described device that can produce scattered light is the crystal that grating or prism or virtual image phased array or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer maybe can produce dispersion.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, described laser emitter is lens or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum, enable broadband light or laser effectively be transmitted into device in certain space, the effect played collimation and expand.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, described target of attack is laser constitution part, when described target of attack does not enter sensitizing range, laser can not be formed, and the broadband light sent scatters to the effect playing detection, early warning in vast space; When described target of attack enters sensitizing range, produce laser, all concentration of energy in described target of attack, prang.
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is provided, wherein, described scattered light receiver is used to receiving scattered light and is imported to the first input end of described gain media, described scattered light receiver is lens, or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum or the device for using optical fiber or other fiber waveguide device to form, the function of collecting scattered light can be completed, and the scattered light collected can be input in described gain media.
The primary structure of this laser is: gain media is when the light input do not fed back, what export is the spontaneous emission light in broadband, output connection dispersion element and laser transmitter projects are in space, owing to have passed through dispersion element, the output angle of the light of different wave length is different, diverse location in additional space is understood by the illumination of different wave length, namely spatial spectral is utilized to encode, when behind the region being entered space illumination by target of attack, the scattering of light will be caused, namely the wavelength of institute's scattered light contains the locus of this target, the scattered light that target causes is collected, and be input in gain media, under the effect of mode competition, laser will export the laser of the Single wavelength of phase co-wavelength, now, laser is after dispersion element and generating laser, will automatic aiming by target of attack, realize the automatic aiming of laser.
The laser that the present invention proposes is a kind of brand-new laser, has the function of target detection and automatic aiming.Traditional laser three elements are pumping, gain media and optical resonator, but common optical resonator is in laser inside, and the laser that the present invention proposes, its optical resonator contain at laser external and away from laser by target of attack, namely by dispersion element and generating laser, jointly formed by target of attack and scattered light receiver three.Its operation principle is: when not having target of attack to enter the region of spatial spectral coding, can not form optical resonator, export the spontaneous emission light into broadband, is used for illumination target region to go forward side by side the Wavelength-encoding of row space; When target of attack enters the region of spatial spectral coding, form optical resonator, export the laser of Single wavelength, because this wavelength correspond to the locus of target, so can automatic aiming be realized.Here, the mode competition of laser inside serves the effect of Logic judgment, and the aiming due to laser realizes under the effect of full optics, and therefore, aiming process is not only automatically, and speed is very fast, because the light velocity is 3 × 10
8meter per second, in the scope of several kilometers, the process of laser automatic aiming completes within the time of several microsecond, more a lot of soon than traditional aiming mode.And because system is the system of a positive feedback, the problems such as the refraction of air and turbulent flow all automatically contain in the process aimed at, and therefore, this laser also will improve a lot to the adaptive capacity of various weather.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on the spatial spectral coding of the present invention schematic diagram in the monitoring state when there is not target of attack;
Fig. 2 is the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding of the present invention is in attack state schematic diagram when there is target of attack.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment also with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be appreciated that, these describe just exemplary, and do not really want to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is eliminated, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring concept of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of laser of the novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding, Fig. 1 is the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on the spatial spectral coding of the present invention schematic diagram in the monitoring state when there is not target of attack 4; Fig. 2 is the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding of the present invention is in attack state schematic diagram when there is target of attack 4.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this laser comprises: gain media 1, dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, target of attack 4, scattered light receiver 5, pumping 6, the output of gain media 1 is connected with the input port of dispersion element 2, the output of dispersion element 2 is connected to laser emitter 3, scattered light can be sent when target of attack 4 enters sensitizing range, scattered light receiver 5 is connected to the first input end of gain media 1, and pumping 6 is connected to the second input of described gain media 1.
As shown in Figure 1, when there is no target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, light does not enter into the input of gain media 1, gain media 1 can send the broadband light of spontaneous radiation under the effect of pumping 6, the space that broadband light can cover after dispersion element 2 and laser emitter 3 is sensitizing range, this process is exactly spatial spectral coding, and each position in space correspond to a wavelength; As shown in Figure 2, in time having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, the locus of target of attack 4 correspondence just correspond to a wavelength, this wavelength is defined as specific wavelength, the scattered light with specific wavelength enters into gain media 1, dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, target of attack 4 and scattered light receiver 5 form laserresonator jointly, jointly form the laser of Single wavelength, and optical maser wavelength correspond to the locus of target of attack 4 with gain media 1 and pumping 6.
Dispersion element 2 can be made up of the device that can produce scattering, such as grating or prism or virtual image phased array or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer maybe can produce the crystal etc. of dispersion, can broadband light be transmitted in space, the light that different angles are exported has different wave length or frequency, can play the effect of detection target of attack 4.But when the laser of Single wavelength incides in dispersion element 2, laser exports with a corresponding angle, and can not disperse, and luminous power can focus on target of attack 4, plays the effect of weapon attacking.
Laser emitter 3 is generally made up of lens, can be lens, also can be one group of lens or one group of composition such as lens and speculum, be enable broadband light or laser effectively be transmitted into device in certain space, the effect such as mainly play collimation and expand.
Target of attack 4 is laser constitution part, and when target of attack 4 does not enter sensitizing range, laser can not be formed, and the broadband light sent scatters to the effect playing detection, early warning in vast space; When target of attack 4 enters sensitizing range, produce laser, all concentration of energy in target of attack 4, prang.
Scattered light receiver 5 is used to receiving scattered light and is imported to the input of gain media 1, can be made up of lens, can be lens, also can be one group of lens or one group of composition such as lens and speculum, also optical fiber or other fiber waveguide device can be used to form, namely can complete the function of collecting scattered light, and the scattered light collected can be input in gain media.
Laser works process for a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding is as follows:
When 1, not having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, light does not enter into the input of gain media 1, and gain media 1 can send broadband light.The space that broadband light can cover after dispersion element 2 and laser emitter 3 is sensitizing range; But, owing to there is no target of attack 4, do not have scattered light to produce, therefore, can not laser be formed.Broadband light overlay area is sensitizing range, and laser plays the effect of target detection.
2, in time having target of attack 4 in sensitizing range, the light scattering of region can be returned by target of attack 4, owing to have employed dispersion element 2, spectrum launches in space, different spatial is by the optical illumination of different wave length, therefore, the wavelength of scattered light contains the positional information of target of attack 4.
3, collect scattered light with scattered light receiver 5, because scattered light can be distributed in space, therefore, the aperture of scattered light receiver 5 should be increased as far as possible, more scattered light is collected into; Because scattered light is more weak, therefore, may need to carry out light amplification to the scattered light collected before light is input to laser, finally, the scattered light after amplifying is injected in gain media 1 effectively.
The scattered light 4, with specific wavelength enters into gain media 1, and dispersion element 2, laser emitter 3, target of attack 4 and scattered light receiver 5 form laserresonator jointly, jointly forms the laser of Single wavelength with gain media 1 and pumping 6; Because the locus of the lasing wavelength of laser and target of attack 4 has corresponding relation, laser energy will concentrate in target of attack 4, reach the effect of attacking target.
Should be understood that, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention only for exemplary illustration or explain principle of the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, any amendment made when without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, claims of the present invention be intended to contain fall into claims scope and border or this scope and border equivalents in whole change and modification.
Claims (7)
1. the laser of a novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding, it is characterized in that, described laser comprises: gain media (1), dispersion element (2), laser emitter (3), target of attack (4), scattered light receiver (5), pumping (6), the output of described gain media (1) is connected with the input port of described dispersion element (2), the output of described dispersion element (2) is connected to described laser emitter (3), scattered light can be sent when target of attack (4) enters sensitizing range, described scattered light receiver (5) is connected to the first input end of described gain media (1), described pumping (6) is connected to the second input of described gain media (1).
2. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when there are not described target of attack (4) in sensitizing range, light does not enter into the first input end of described gain media (1), described gain media (1) can send the broadband light of spontaneous radiation under the effect of described pumping (6), and the space that broadband light can cover after described dispersion element (2) and described laser emitter (3) is sensitizing range; When there are described target of attack (4) in sensitizing range, the scattered light with specific wavelength enters into described gain media (1), described dispersion element (2), described laser emitter (3), described target of attack (4) and described scattered light receiver (5) form laserresonator jointly, jointly form the laser of Single wavelength with described gain media (1) and described pumping (6), and optical maser wavelength correspond to the locus of described target of attack (4).
3. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dispersion element (2) is the device that can produce scattered light, can broadband light be transmitted in space, the light that different angles are exported has different wave length or frequency, play the effect of the described target of attack of detection (4), when the laser of Single wavelength incides in described dispersion element (2), laser exports with a corresponding angle and can not disperse, luminous power can focus on described target of attack (4), play the effect of weapon attacking.
4. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described device that can produce scattered light is the crystal that grating or prism or virtual image phased array or acousto-optic modulator or interferometer maybe can produce dispersion.
5. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser emitter (3) is lens or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum, enable broadband light or laser effectively be transmitted into device in certain space, the effect played collimation and expand.
6. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described target of attack (4) is laser constitution part, when described target of attack (4) does not enter sensitizing range, laser can not be formed, and the broadband light sent scatters to the effect playing detection, early warning in vast space; When described target of attack (4) enters sensitizing range, produce laser, all concentration of energy in described target of attack (4), prang.
7. the laser of a kind of novel automatic aiming based on spatial spectral coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described scattered light receiver (5) is used to receiving scattered light and is imported to the first input end of described gain media (1), described scattered light receiver (5) is lens, or one group of lens or one group of lens and speculum or the device for using optical fiber or other fiber waveguide device to form, the function of collecting scattered light can be completed, and the scattered light collected can be input in described gain media (1).
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| CN201510082363.9A CN104682171B (en) | 2015-02-15 | 2015-02-15 | A kind of laser of the automatic aiming encoded based on spatial spectral |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4250465A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-02-10 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Radiation beam deflection system |
| FR2547405B2 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1987-08-07 | Cilas Alcatel | LASER DEVICE FOR GUIDING A MISSILE ON A TARGET |
| US6145784A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Shared aperture dichroic active tracker with background subtraction |
| CN1283319A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-07 | 光谱科学公司 | Self-targeting reader system for remote identification |
-
2015
- 2015-02-15 CN CN201510082363.9A patent/CN104682171B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4250465A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-02-10 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Radiation beam deflection system |
| FR2547405B2 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1987-08-07 | Cilas Alcatel | LASER DEVICE FOR GUIDING A MISSILE ON A TARGET |
| US6145784A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Shared aperture dichroic active tracker with background subtraction |
| CN1283319A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-07 | 光谱科学公司 | Self-targeting reader system for remote identification |
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| CN104682171B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
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